ES2573086T3 - Method and machine for the production of cement tiles - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for the production of cement tiles (11) starting from a cement paste (11a), comprising - the movement of said cement paste (11a) in a direction of movement (M) in order to place said paste of cement (11a) below a molding unit (15) acting in a vertical molding direction (S); - the molding of said cement paste (11a) in the molding direction (S) for the production of at least one cement tile (11); - the extraction of said at least one cement tile (11) produced in an extraction direction (E) transverse to said direction of movement (M), characterized in that the extraction direction (E) is in an extraction plane displaced vertically with respect to a plane of motion in which said direction of movement (M) is and is arranged at a distance (H2) greater than the height (H1) of said plane of motion.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Method and machine for the production of cement tiles Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a method for the production by molding of cement tiles and / or cement objects, for example single layer or double layer.

In particular, the present invention relates to a method that perfects the demoulding and extraction of said cement tiles.

The present invention is applied to a linear alternative molding machines for cement paste, fed for example in piles, or to pressing machines for alternate piles, or fed in piles that are then leveled, with different mixtures.

Background of the invention

It is known to use cement tiles to align and / or decorate the surfaces of a building, such as walls or floors, or to pave pavements, sidewalks or other external areas.

It is known that cement tiles can be single-layer, that is, they consist of a single material, for example a cement paste, or multi-layer, that is, obtained by coupling several layers of materials, for example a paste of cement and sand. These materials can define one or more rolling layers and a decorative surface layer.

It is known in particular that, for the production of single-layer cement tiles, a cement paste is initially prepared, which can be of low viscosity or semi-liquid and then the cement paste is pressed or molded to obtain the objects and / or tiles with a desired shape and size.

During pressing, most of the excess water present in the cement paste is removed by suction or percolation from below, or by suction from above, or again by suction from above and below simultaneously.

A subsequent drying step allows the semi-finished tiles obtained in this way to dry completely.

Other surface finishing stages, such as possible beveling, can be provided to obtain the finished tile, ready for placement.

The use of rotating alternating molding machines or presses or single-layer or multi-layer cement tiles is known.

The molding machines can be provided with automatic or semi-automatic devices for feeding and dosing the cement paste, or they can be fed manually.

In general, the rotating presses comprise a rotating platform or rotary table, divided into a plurality of work stations, to perform the different work stages.

Each workstation can comprise one or more work planes, which can be connected to each other and supported by vibration mounts. Normally, the work planes of the rotating presses each have at least one mold in which the cement paste is constantly confined during the different work stages.

On the other hand, work planes can be lifted by lifting pistons.

Known rotating presses usually also comprise three operating columns, each configured to perform a specific operation. This allows a plurality of operations to be carried out simultaneously.

However, rotating presses have the disadvantage that they are very bulky, expensive and complex. Therefore, it is known to use, for example specifically for the production of single layer tiles, alternative linear molding machines or presses, which are less bulky, less expensive and easier to produce and use than rotary presses . The linear alternative molding machines normally used for the production of single-layer cement tiles comprise a loading station for loading the semi-liquid paste, a pressing station and a discharge station for unloading the tiles obtained by pressing.

smoothing or polishing the edges, linear for the production of

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These operating stations are normally in linearly adjacent succession, with the pressing station arranged in the center and below an printing apparatus with an alternative movement.

The successive stages of loading the cement paste and pressing it, and the subsequent stages of demolding, or removal of the mold, and the discharge of the semi-finished tiles define a molding cycle of a single layer cement tile.

The loading stage is provided to place the cement paste necessary to obtain a tile on an upper surface of a molding plane, initially placed in the loading station.

Alternate linear molding machines are known, in which the cement paste is charged by depositing piles of the molding material in the planes or other supports. Such molding machines are also known as battery pressing machines.

Alternate linear molding machines are also known which facilitate that a mold is arranged in the molding planes, and that the cement paste is loaded by depositing it inside the mold. Therefore, the cement paste is confined and distributed evenly in the mold before molding, for example, by vibrating the molding plane. This vibration is not provided in known battery press machines.

Subsequently, the molding plane is moved to the pressing station, in which the pressing stage is performed.

The pressing step facilitates that a molding unit, normally comprising at least one mold and a sliding molding device, presses the cement paste to mold the tile in the desired shape.

Subsequently, the tile obtained in this way, which may be finished or semi-finished, is released from the mold during a demoulding stage, which generally takes place by raising the molds and pushing through the sliding devices, and placing it again in the molding plane .

After demolding, the tile is removed from the pressing station by moving the molding plane.

This transfer causes a corresponding transfer of another molding plane, usually connected to the first one, in which the cement paste has already been loaded. In this way, the other molding plane passes from the charging station to the molding station for a new molding cycle, identical to that described above.

Other known machines are described for example in documents DE-A-19622001 and DE101005020428.

Document DE-A-19622001 describes a method for the production of cement tiles, according to the preamble of claim 1.

A disadvantage of known linear alternative molding machines is that, although they have the advantage of reduced volume, they also have reduced productivity. In particular, the cycle of demolding of the tiles in the known linear alternative molding machines considerably affects the production cycle, since in a known linear press it is not possible to simultaneously perform other operations, such as for example the pressure, the transfer of the load, as well as the load of the cement paste. Consequently, the demoulding and pressing time in known linear presses with a mold is equivalent, the operations are carried out in succession and, meanwhile, it is only possible to load another station with the cement paste.

It is also a disadvantage of known molding machines, in particular, alternative battery press machines, that it is not possible to properly contain the cement paste before molding. This can cause material leakage and can make the molding machine dirty, with negative consequences on maintenance times and production costs of cement tiles.

Another disadvantage of known molding machines is that they comprise molding units that need a lot of time to replace or maintain.

An aim of the present invention is to obtain a machine for the production of cement tiles that allows to achieve a higher productivity than can be obtained with known molding machines.

Another objective of the present invention is to obtain a container device, for example, used in particular in the alternative pile press machines, to efficiently contain the cement paste before molding, from which the floor tiles will be obtained. cement.

Another purpose of the present invention is to obtain a molding unit that makes it possible to accelerate and facilitate maintenance operations, thus also reducing relative costs.

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The applicant has designed, tested and made the present invention to overcome the inconveniences of the state of the art and obtain these and other purposes and advantages.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is set forth and characterized in the independent claims, while the dependent claims describe other features of the invention or variants of the main inventive idea.

In accordance with the above purposes, a method for the production of cement tiles starting from a cement paste comprises:

- the movement of the cement paste in a direction of movement in order to place the cement paste below a molding unit acting in a vertical molding direction;

- the molding of the cement paste in the molding direction for the production of at least one cement tile;

- the extraction of the cement tile produced in a direction of extraction transverse to the direction of movement

in which the extraction direction is in an extraction plane displaced vertically with respect to a plane of movement in which the direction of movement is located and is arranged at a distance greater than the height of the plane of motion.

In this way an increase in productivity is advantageously obtained since the frontal extraction of the produced tiles allows to reduce the molding times, which allows the substantially simultaneous execution of both the movement of the cement paste and the cycle of extraction of the produced tiles.

The synchronization of movement and extraction considerably reduces cycle times and is possible by moving the planes in which the two directions of movement and extraction are located. The present invention makes possible a synchronicity of the demoulding and movement of the cement paste, which is impossible in known machines.

According to a feature of the method of the present invention, the cement paste moves alternately to one side and another of a mold in the direction of movement and at least one cement tile is removed frontally from the molding unit in the direction Extraction

Therefore, the advantage of increasing productivity is achieved, in terms of cement tiles produced in a unit of time, since the movements of the cement paste occur on both sides of the mold. On the other hand, the frontal and displacement extraction does not prevent the movement of the cement paste after being subjected to molding.

A feature of the present invention facilitates that after the molding of the cement tiles, the method comprises:

the distancing of the molding unit from at least one molding plane in the molding direction;

- placing a demoulding plane in a molding station by moving the demoulding plane in the extraction direction, which is in a plane parallel to the plane in which the molding plane is located;

- the demoulding of cement tiles, placing them in the demoulding plane;

- the movement of the demoulding plane in the extraction direction, away from the molding station, in order to remove the cement tiles.

According to another feature of the present invention, the placement of the demoulding plane in the molding station facilitates that it is located above the molding plane, which is present at the same time in the same molding station.

In this way, the demoulding of the cement tiles and the placement of the cement paste to be molded can occur at the same time, further reducing the molding cycle times and, consequently, increasing the productivity.

The present invention also relates to a machine for the production of cement tiles from a cement paste, which comprises a molding unit, configured to perform the molding of the cement paste in a vertical molding direction to obtain the tiles. cement, a movement device configured to move at least the cement paste in a direction of movement to place the cement paste below the molding unit; an extractor device configured to extract the at least one

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cement tile produced in an extraction direction transverse to the direction of movement.

Brief description of the drawings

These and other features of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of some forms of realization, given as a non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

- Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of a molding machine for the production of cement tiles according to the present invention;

- Figures 2-6 each show a front view, a side view and a plan view of the molding machine of Figure 1 during the successive stages of a molding cycle;

- Figure 7 is a plan view, partially in section, of a component of the molding machine of Figure 1;

- Figures 8-11 show, in a schematic side section, the behavior of the component of Figure 7 in the successive stages of a molding cycle;

- Figures 12 and 13 are two plan views of a variant of Figure 7;

- Figure 14 is a side sectional view of the component of Figures 12 and 13 in conditions of use;

- Figure 15 is a three-dimensional view of a molding machine for the production of cement tiles in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed description of the forms of realization

In the following, the inventors will refer in detail to the various embodiments of the present invention, of which one or more examples are shown in the attached drawing. Each example is provided by way of illustration of the invention and will not be understood as a limitation thereof. For example, the features shown or described to the extent that they are part of an embodiment can be adopted in, or in association with, other embodiments that produce other embodiments. It is understood that the present invention will comprise all modifications and variants.

With reference, for example, to Fig. 1 are described some embodiments that can be combined with all the embodiments described herein, of a molding machine 10 according to the present description, for the production of floor tiles. cement 11, for example, single or double layer.

According to the possible embodiments, which can be combined with all the embodiments described herein, the machine 10 may comprise a base frame 12, which rests on a support surface, for example a floor 13, and a housing 14, attached to the base frame 12.

In some embodiments, described by way of example using the accompanying drawings, Figures 1-14 for example, the housing 14 is advantageously placed in the central area of the base frame 12.

The function of the housing 14 is to support a molding unit 15, which is configured to move with an alternative rectilinear movement in a substantially vertical molding direction S, which moves to and away from the base frame 12.

In alternative embodiments, the housing 14 and the base frame 12 are replaced by a single monolithic structure, consisting of welded components or joined together.

The area below the molding unit 15 is also called the molding station.

As will be shown in the following description, the molding unit 15 is capable of both molding and demolding the cement tiles 11.

According to some embodiments, which can be combined with all the embodiments described herein, an extractor or removal device 16 can be provided, configured to extract at least one cement tile 11 produced in the direction of extraction E . In particular, the extractor device 16 can be configured to collect the cement tiles 11 during demolding, moving them away from the molding position in the extraction direction E, and to extract the cement tiles 11 from the molding station.

The extraction direction E may be, in the case shown herein by way of example, orthogonal to the molding direction S.

According to some embodiments, which can be combined with all the embodiments described herein, a movement device 17 can be provided, configured to move the cement paste 11 in a direction of movement M in order to place the cement paste 11a below the molding unit 15.

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In possible implementations, the movement device 17 may be arranged in and attached to the base frame 12 and may have the function of having a support element 18 move horizontally in the direction of movement M, which may be orthogonal to the direction molding S.

In some embodiments, the direction of movement M and the direction of extraction E are parallel to each other.

In other embodiments, the extraction direction E is transverse to the direction of movement M.

Other embodiments facilitate that the direction of movement M, the direction of molding S and the direction of extraction E are all orthogonal to each other, in order to define a triad of orthogonal Cartesian axes.

In accordance with some embodiments described herein, the extraction direction E and the direction of movement M are in planes parallel to each other and substantially horizontal. The planes that are found are vertically displaced with respect to each other, such that the plane in which the extraction direction E is located, or the extraction plane, is located above the plane in which the direction of M movement, or plane of motion.

In this way, the removal of the cement tiles 11 does not impede the movement of the support element 18, and the extraction and movement can occur at the same time.

The support element 18 can be defined by a single metal sheet, or by a first support sheet 18a and a second support sheet 18b, arranged side by side and adjacent to each other to define a substantially rectangular plan volume of the support element 18.

A first molding plane 25a, also known in Italian as a bench or mobile anvil for a person skilled in the art, is attached to the first support sheet 18a, while a second molding plane 25b or bank or mobile anvil is attached to the second support sheet 18b.

In some embodiments, the molding planes 25a, 25b can be without dies, molding seats or other systems to contain the material to be molded. In other embodiments, the molding planes 25a, 25b may be provided with dies, molding seats or other container systems (see, for example, Figure 15).

The movement device 17 is configured to make the support element 18 perform an reciprocating movement in the direction of movement M. In this way it is possible to alternately place the first support sheet 18a, and therefore the first plane of molding 25a, and the second support sheet 18b, and therefore the second molding plane 25b, in the molding station mentioned above.

When the first support sheet 18a is positioned laterally with respect to the molding station inside the housing 14, it is in a first loading station.

When the second support sheet 18b is positioned laterally with respect to the molding station inside the housing 14, it is in a second loading station.

In the first and second loading stations, the cement paste 11a is deposited under pressure in order to obtain the cement tiles 11, in the first molding plane 25a and in the second molding plane 25b, as will be described from now on.

In accordance with the possible embodiments described herein, the loading of the cement paste 11a can be carried out in as many piles of cement paste 11a as cement tiles 11 must be obtained. Or, in other variants, such as, for example, as described hereinafter with reference to Figure 15, the cement paste 11a can be leveled, that is, distributed in a stack and then leveled out and made uniform in thickness, before molding.

The stages of loading or depositing the cement paste 11a, and the molding, demolding and extraction stages define, together, a molding cycle.

In the case shown here by way of example, the movement device 17 is of the crank type and comprises a motor 19, a crank 20 and a crank 21.

The connecting rod 20 pivots at one end to the crank 21 and at the opposite end to a pin 22 attached to one end of the first supporting sheet 18a of the supporting element 18. The connecting rod 20 is actuated by the crank 21 and attracts and alternatively pushes the support element 18 by means of the pin 22.

The support element 18 is provided, in its lower part, with the sliding devices 23, which are capable of sliding on rails 24 connected to the base frame 12. The coupling of the sliding devices 23 and

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The rails 24 restrict the support element 18 to slide linearly in the desired direction of movement M. The rails 24 are in fact located parallel to the direction of movement M.

One or more sliding devices 23 can be provided, in the same way that a single rail 24, or a plurality of rails 24, can be provided.

In the specific case described herein, the support element 18 is provided, in its lower part, with six sliding devices 23, coupled to two rails 24, parallel to each other and to the plane of rotation of the crank 21.

Other types of movement device 17, such as, for example, a linear actuator or a linear electromagnetic motor, or even a belt or rack device, can be used to move the support element 18, in the same way as previously described.

The union of the molding planes 25a, 25b and the support element cannot be direct, and there may be dampers 26 present, for example mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic, interposed between each support sheet 18a, 18b and the molding plane respective 25a, 25b.

The dampers 26 allow absorbing possible impacts due to the impact of the molding unit 15 against the first molding plane 25a or second 25b during the molding step of the cement tiles 11.

In addition, the dampers 26 can give flexibility to the system defined by the support sheet (18a, 18b) and the respective molding plane (25a, 25b).

The dampers 26 can also keep the first molding plane 25a and the second molding plane 25b constantly orthogonal to the molding direction S in which the molding unit 15 moves.

In some embodiments, the dampers 26 are connected to one or more vibration devices, configured to vibrate the first molding plane 25a independently of the second molding plane. The vibration, which is performed after the cement paste 11a batteries have been charged in the molding planes 25a, 25b, and before molding, allows the cement paste 11a of the batteries to be advantageously distributed and made uniform . This facilitates subsequent molding operations.

The upper surface of the first molding plane 25a and the second molding plane 25b is placed at a height H1 of the floor 13 and the height H1 remains substantially constant throughout the molding cycle. The height H1 also corresponds to the height of the plane of motion in which the direction of movement M is located.

If the water contained in the cement paste 11a is removed from below, one or more plates 27 are joined in the first molding planes 25a and in the second 25b; The number of plates 27 is equal to the number of cement tiles 11 that must be obtained for each molding cycle.

In the case shown by way of example in the accompanying drawings, the molding machine 10 is configured to produce four cement tiles 11, with each molding cycle. In some embodiments, the molding machine 10 can be configured to produce two, three, five, six or more than six cement tiles 11. In general, the molding machine 10 can be configured to produce simultaneously, in terms of space and time, a plurality of cement tiles 11.

The number of cement tiles 11 obtainable with each molding cycle is variable and depends on the size of the cement tile 11 to be produced. In the embodiment described herein, the four plates 27 are formed in parallelepiped and have a volume in plan approximately equal to that of the cement tile 11 to be obtained.

The plates 27 may have a reticular structure, defined by a plurality of through capillary channels 28 which allow, during molding, to discharge the water initially present in the cement paste 11a.

In other embodiments, in which the molding machine 10 is provided with a water suction apparatus from above, for example, for the production of a double layer or a single layer with a semi-wet mixture, the plates 27 are not provided or have a complete structure. In this case, the plates 27 can be made of a plastic material, such as rubber or polyurethane, or a metal material, such as steel, for example.

Some embodiments facilitate that the upper surface of the plates 27 with a complete structure be smooth.

In some embodiments, the surface may have bas-reliefs, or grooves, imprints or incisions, or reliefs, ridges or bumps, which develop along a pattern or decorative motif to reproduce

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on the visible surface of cement tiles 11.

The housing 14, in the specific case shown herein by way of example, has an overall volume that is substantially parallel, delimited by four columns 29 that support a support structure 30 and keep it separate from the base frame 12 .

The columns 29 are spaced apart from each other in an orthogonal direction to the direction of movement M, in order to allow the passage of the support element 18 between them.

In the same way, the columns 29 are spaced apart from each other in an orthogonal direction to the extraction direction E, in order to allow the passage of the extractor device 16.

The extractor device 16 is provided with a demoulding plane 31, in which the cement tiles 11 are placed after molding and during demolding.

The demoulding plane 31 can be supported by a frame 32, which has a moving part 32a to which the demoulding plane 31 is attached, and a fixed part 32b.

The mobile part 32a is slidably mounted on the fixed part 32b in the extraction direction E.

According to some embodiments, which can be combined with all the embodiments described herein, the displacement means 33 can be provided to move the mold plane 31 closer and further away from the molding station. In some embodiments, the displacement means 33 may comprise a pair of guide elements 35, for example, a pair of grooved beams arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other (Figure 1), configured to guide a part of the frame 32 and therefore move the demoulding plane 31.

This movement facilitates that the demoulding plane 31 be alternately placed in the molding station and in a position outside the housing 14, and vice versa, with each molding cycle.

The extractor device 16 is configured so that the upper surface of the demoulding plane 31, when placed in the molding station, has a distance H2 from the floor 13. The distance H2 also corresponds to the height of the extraction plane in the which is the extraction address E.

The distance H2 is greater than the height H1 at which the upper surface of the molding planes 25a, 25b is placed.

The distance H2 is greater than the height H1 at least in an amount equal to the vertical volume of the piles of the cement paste 11a and, when provided, of the plates 27. In other words, since the height H2 is greater than the height H1, the height H1 can also be considered as the height of the molding plane 25a, 25b added to the height of the cement paste 11a present therein, such that the height H2 is also in any case always greater than the sum of the height of the molding planes 25a, 25b and the cement paste 11a loaded therein, for example, in piles or leveled, according to the possible variants.

In particular, the difference of H2-H1 is advantageous such as to allow simultaneous placement, in at least one spatial sense, that is, simultaneous presence, and with a defined gap or interspace, in the molding station, both demoulding plane 31, in which the cement tiles 11 are placed, as of the first molding planes 25a or second 25b, in which the cement paste 11a is placed for pressing, possibly supported by the plates 27; that is, it allows placing the molding planes 25a, 25b containing the cement paste, wet or semi-wet, in one or more layers, semi-dry, with or without a mounted die, or in any case to place a mold which contains cement paste 11a.

Advantageously, the height H2 can be adjusted, either manually or by a mechanical means, possibly even an automatic means, in order to adapt to the possible different heights of the cement paste 11a that can be loaded on each occasion, in order if there is no contact or interference of the demoulding plane 31 with the cement paste 11a.

The aforementioned placement in a simultaneous presence in the molding station can occur in sequence, or it can also occur simultaneously, and allows a new molding cycle to begin immediately after the removal of the demoulding plane 31 from the molding station.

Therefore, it is clear that the difference H2-H1 is advantageous such as to allow the simultaneous placement and movement mentioned above of the demoulding plane 31 and the first molding planes 25a or second 25b, without interfering with the demoulding plane 31 with no pile of cement paste 11 a.

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In this way, the loading and extraction operations are made faster, with the consequent increase in the productivity of the molding machine 10.

The present invention can facilitate the simultaneous realization of a lifting movement of the molding unit 15 in the molding direction S, a movement of the cement paste 11a in the direction of movement M, and also the tile removal cycle of cement 11 in the direction of extraction E.

In fact, it is possible to advantageously facilitate the simultaneous lifting movement of the molding unit 15 in the molding direction S, the movement of the cement paste 11a, by means of the movement device 17, in the direction of movement M, and also the movement of the demoulding plane 31 of the extractor device 16 in the extraction direction E to extract the cement tile 11.

According to some embodiments, when the extractor device 16 is free in the extraction direction E and the path is not hindered and has no risk of collision with the molding unit 15, or in particular with the multiple mold 44, it is It is possible to start the demoulding cycle and in the meantime the molding planes 25a, 25b can already move towards the molding position and towards the loading position alternately.

The movable part 32a of the frame 32, as in the present embodiment, can comprise two uprights 34 to which the demoulding plane 31 is cantilevered. The uprights 34 can advantageously slide in the extraction direction E, for example, using guide elements 35.

It can be two guide elements 35, parallel to each other and defining the direction of extraction E, or more than two, depending on the conformation of the frame 32.

The movement means 33 can comprise a motor 35a, for example electric, which can perform the automatic movement, along the guide elements 35, of the movable part 32a of the frame 32 with respect to its fixed part 32b.

Other types of movement means 33 can be used to move the movable part 32a of the frame 32, such as, for example, belt or rack devices, or devices using linear electromagnetic motors.

The molding unit 15 (Figures 2-6) comprises a first pair of linear actuators 37, each of which has a first end 37a attached to the support structure 30.

A platform 38 is attached to a second end 37b of each actuator of the first pair of linear actuators 37, opposite the first end 37a.

In some embodiments, the first end 37a is a terminal part of the piston of the linear actuator and the second end 37b is a terminal part of the cylinder, while other embodiments provide an inverted joint of the first pair of linear actuators 37.

The relative movement of the second end 37b with respect to the first end 37a determines the movement of the platform 38, towards and away from the base frame 12.

The rectilinear nature of the movement of the platform 38 is determined by guide bars 39, each of which can be attached to a column 29 or to the support structure 30.

In some embodiments, it is also facilitated that each of the guide bars 39 is attached to a column 29 and to the support structure 30.

The guide bars 39 can slide inside the through holes 40 made in the platform 38.

In the lower part of the platform 38, a plurality of sliding molding devices 41, also known by a person skilled in the art, are connected as pressure buffer units, in a number equal to the number of cement tiles 11 to be obtained in each molding cycle

A second pair of linear actuators 42 is also attached to platform 38, with sliding axes parallel to those of the first pair of linear actuators 37 and to the molding direction S.

The second pair of linear actuators 42 has a first end 42a, corresponding for example to an end of the actuator cylinder, attached to the platform 38, such that the second pair of actuators 42 is solidly movable with the latter.

A support plate 43 is connected to a second end 42b of the second pair of actuators 42, corresponding for example with the piston end of each actuator.

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A multiple mold 44 is in turn attached to the support plate 43, with as many through cavities 45 as there are cement tiles 11 to be produced.

Each through cavity 45 has the size and shape of a cement tile 11.

In fact, the cement tiles 11 can have various shapes, for example, they can be square, rectangular, polygonal, regular or irregular, or defined by any closed curvilinear profile.

In alternative embodiments, the molding unit 15 may comprise a single mold, with a single through cavity 45, instead of the multiple mold 44.

The multiple mold 44 is positioned such that each sliding molding device 41 can slide inside a through cavity 45 due to the effect of the relative movement of the platform 38 and the support plate 43 determined by the relative movement of the torque of linear actuators first 37 and second 42.

In particular, the multiple mold 44 and the sliding molding devices 41 are configured so that the latter remain constantly inside the respective through cavities 45, even when the second pair of linear actuators 42 is in a position of maximum displacement and The first pair of linear actuators 37 is in a minimum displacement position.

This advantageously allows the dimensional tolerances between the molding sliding devices 41 and the corresponding through cavities 45 to be reduced, with the consequent benefit to the quality of the cement tiles 11.

Another advantage is due to the fact that, since they are always kept inside the through cavities 45, the centering of the sliding molding devices 41 with respect to the latter is carried out only once. Consequently, this reduces the preparation time of the molding machine 10 and therefore increases the productivity.

The molding machine 10, which in some embodiments allows to obtain, for each molding cycle, a plurality of cement tiles 11 starting from the cement paste 11a, works as follows.

A succession of working stages is schematically shown in Figures 2-6.

In Figure 2, three sequential views of the molding machine 10 are shown at an initial stage of the molding cycle. During this initial stage, the crank 21 and the crank 20 are aligned in the position of maximum extension of the crank mechanism, such that the first support sheet 18a, and therefore the first molding plane 25a, are in the station of molding and the second support sheet 18b, and consequently the second molding plane 25b, are in the second loading station.

The piles of cement paste 11a are placed in the plates 27 of the second molding plane 25b, so that in each plate 27 there is a pile of cement paste 11a, with the amount necessary to obtain a cement tile 11.

In this initial stage, the demoulding plane 31 is outside the housing 14 and both the first 37 and the second 42 pair of linear actuators are in the minimum displacement position. Therefore, the molding unit 15 is at the maximum distance from the molding station.

Figure 3 shows a molding preparation stage, during which the second pair of linear actuators 42 moves to the maximum displacement position, lowering the multiple mold 44 with respect to the molding sliding devices 41 in the molding direction S .

This allows the multiple mold 44 to be placed in order to accommodate the cement paste piles 11a inside the through cavities 45.

After the molding preparation stage, the movement device 17 moves the support element 18 in the direction of movement M, in order to place the first support sheet 18a, and therefore the first molding plane 25a, in the first loading station, and the second support sheet 18b, and therefore the second molding plane 25b, in the molding station (Figure 4).

After this movement, the connecting rod 20 and the crank 21 are aligned in the minimum extension position of the crank mechanism.

Next, the molding operation is carried out, which facilitates that the first pair of linear actuators 37 move to the maximum displacement position, lowering the rest of the molding unit 15 in the molding direction S and towards the second plane of molding 25b. At the end of this movement, the multiple mold 44 rests on the plates 27,

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which enclose the cement paste 11a inside its own through cavities 45.

At the same time, the second pair of linear actuators 42 moves to an intermediate displacement position.

In the case shown by way of example in Figure 4, the intermediate displacement position corresponds to approximately half of the total displacement of the linear actuators.

However, the present invention also facilitates the possibility of adjusting the ratio between the intermediate displacement position and the total displacement, depending on the thickness of the cement tiles 11a to be obtained.

Placing the second pair of linear actuators 42 in the intermediate displacement position reduces the distance between the multiple mold 44 and the sliding molding devices 41.

Thus, the combination of the movements of the first pair of linear actuators 37 and the second pair of linear actuators 42 determines the sliding of the molding sliding devices 41 inside the through cavities 45 of the multiple mold 44. Therefore , the sliding molding devices 41 come into contact with the cement paste 11a, and then exert on it a molding pressure such as to obtain the cement tiles 11 in the desired shape and compactness.

During the molding stage, the cement paste 11a is also loaded on the plates 27 of the first molding plane 25a, placed in the first loading station.

When the molding stage is over, the first pair of linear actuators 37 is removed back to the minimum displacement position (Figure 5), causing the rest of the molding unit 15 to move away in the molding direction S of the second molding plane 25b.

The cement tiles 11 remain inside the through cavities 45 of the multiple mold 44, since the pressure of the sliding molding devices 41 not only causes a reduction in the height of the cement paste 11a, but also causes it to adhere to the walls of the multiple mold 44 facing the through cavities 45. The friction generated during molding is such as to make the tiles 11 adhere to the internal walls.

After the molding unit 15 has been removed, the movement device 17 and the movement means 33, respectively and simultaneously move the support element 18 and the extractor device 16. These movements can also be simultaneous and serve to place, respectively, both the first molding plane 25a and the molding plane 31 in the molding station.

At the same time, the second molding plane 25b is placed in the second loading station.

As already described, the demoulding plane 31 is in a position above the first molding plane 25a and does not come into contact with the cement paste 11a present in the plates 27 of the first molding plane 25a or with the possible molds containers mounted on the molding plans.

Once the demoulding plane 31 is correctly positioned below the molding unit 15, the second pair of linear actuators 42 returns to the minimum displacement position. This causes a relative movement in the molding direction S of the multiple mold 44 with respect to the sliding molding devices 41, away from the demoulding plane 31 below. This relative movement contacts the sliding molding devices 41 with the cement tiles 11 present inside the through cavities 45 of the multiple mold 44. As a consequence of the contact between the sliding molding devices 41 and the cement tiles 11, the latter are demoulded, and pushed out of the multiple mold 44. Therefore, the cement tiles 11 rest in the demould plane 31 below.

Later (figure 6), the extractor device 16 removes the cement tiles 11 from the housing 14, allowing a new molding cycle to begin. In fact, the movement means 33 is actuated to move the demoulding plane 31 in the extraction direction E, away from the molding station.

Then, the cement tiles 11 can be removed from the demoulding plane 31, automatically or manually. They can then be transferred to a drying line, or to a finishing line, or they can also be stored for drying or sale.

After demolding, the second pair of linear actuators 42 moves to the maximum displacement position, as in the preparation stage for molding, described above.

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As soon as the demoulding plane 31 is outside the housing 14, another molding step can be performed, which facilitates the production of four other cement tiles 11 starting from the cement paste 11a present in the plates 27 of the first plane of 25th molding

In order to perform another molding stage, the first pair of linear actuators 37 may pass from the minimum displacement position to the maximum displacement position, and then the second pair of linear actuators 42 may pass from the maximum displacement position to the intermediate displacement position.

During the other molding stage, which completes the molding cycle, more cement paste 11a is loaded into the plates 27 of the molding background 25b and a new molding cycle can begin.

Subsequently, the demoulding operation is performed as described above and the molding machine 10 is returned to the conditions for the molding preparation (Figure 3), as already mentioned.

The molding cycle described above can be applied both to molding machines 10 with downward discharge of excess water contained in cement paste 11a, and to molding machines 10 provided with suction from above excess water, as well as for the molding machines 10 that integrate the methods for the collection and elimination of water.

In some embodiments, the molding machine 10 comprises a device for containing one or more piles of cement paste 11a comprising a frame 46, detachably joined directly or indirectly above the molding plane 25a, 25b, and a deformable support, indicated, for example, by the reference number 47, peripherally limited to the frame 46 and having a part inside the frame 46 in which at least one stack of cement paste 11a is located, configured to deform with in order to define a container cavity. Therefore, the deformable support 47 has a substantially horizontal, non-deformed condition, and a substantially concave deformed condition. This allows cement paste 11a to be preserved without spilling onto and spreading to the outside, in particular, preventing it from escaping laterally.

In some embodiments, which facilitate the use of said container device, when the molding plane 25a, 25b is in the charging station, at least one stack of the cement paste 11a is placed in the deformable support 47 which, after of the load, it deforms, bending to adopt a concave shape to contain the cement paste 11a. In some embodiments, after loading, the molding plane 25a, 25b can be moved to the molding station, below the molding unit 15 which in turn is lowered into the molding plane 25a, 25b with the in order to bring the mold 44 into contact with the frame 46 and to insert at least one stack of cement paste 11a into a through cavity 45. The contact between the mold 44 and the frame 46 determines at least the relocation of the support deformable 47 towards a substantially horizontal position, no longer deformed.

If water is removed from below, in some embodiments, a filter device 36 (Figures 7-11), placed above the plates 27, may be provided.

The filter device 36 can also function as a container device for the cement paste 11a as set forth above, and in fact can have the multiple function of containing and supporting the cement paste 11 a when placed on the plates 27 during the loading operation, and to filter the water that emerges from the cement paste 11a during the subsequent molding stage.

The filter device 36 (FIG. 7) advantageously comprises a frame 46, for example flexible and a filter 47 which, in addition to the filtering function, can also function as a deformable support as indicated above. The filter 47 is connected along the peripheral edge of the frame 46 and is free to deform and flex in the inner central part.

The filter 47 may consist of a single sheet or filter cloth, or several overlapping sheets or fabrics, and may be made of a warp and weft fabric or a nonwoven fabric, with natural or synthetic fibers, or other permeable materials suitable for the filtration The fibers, or in general the filtration materials used, can be configured in order to allow the water to seep and retain the granular material that forms the cement paste 11a.

The frame 46 can be made of a sheet of metal or a plastic material, and can be provided with a number of through openings 48 equal in number to that of the cement tiles 11 to be obtained for each molding cycle. The through openings 48 have a plan shape and sizes approximately equal to those of the plates 27, although slightly larger, such that each through opening 48 can contain a plate 27 (Figures 8-11).

The frame 46 is detachably attached to the first 25a and second 25b molding planes, for example, by coupling bolts 50, which function as fixing means, and a corresponding plurality of through holes 49 made peripherally in the most external frame 46.

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In some embodiments, instead of the bolts 50, pins, or plugs, plugs or other movable removable joint devices, for example, pneumatic or hydraulic pistons, suitable for the purpose of maintaining the device of the device can be used filter in the desired position above the plates 27.

Coaxially with the stem of the screw 52 of each bolt 50, or pin, plug or pin, an elastic element is mounted, for example a spring 51, which functions as a support means with the bottom surface of the frame 46. The springs 51, or any other type of similar or comparable elastic means, such as for example the pistons mentioned above, support the frame 46 and keep it in a slightly elevated position with respect to the upper surface of the plates 27.

In the inactive position, the filter 47 is positioned above the frame 46 and is substantially horizontal.

The loading of the cement paste 11a (figure 9), facilitates that it is deposited in the part of the filter 47 above the through openings 48. The filter device 36 is configured so that the filter 47, due to the effect of its peripheral limitation with the filter 47, it is subjected, for example, in the part that substantially corresponds to the center, to a deformation and downward bending, under the weight of the cement paste 11a, and therefore is concave in correspondence with each through opening 48. The filter 47 thus has, in the specific case of Figure 7 and Figure 9, four concavities.

This is due to the action of the weight of the cement paste 11a, together with the flexibility of the structure 46, the thrust exerted thereon by the springs 51 and the deformability of the filter 47 with respect to the frame 46.

Each concavity resulting from the deformation of the filter 47, which therefore functions as a deformable support, has the advantage that it contains the cement paste 11a, maintains it and retains it inside the area delimited in the lower part by the corresponding through opening 48.

This zone also corresponds to the central zone of the plate 27 and to the zone where, during the subsequent molding stage, the corresponding molding sliding device 41 is pressed.

Thus, even if it is semi-liquid, the cement paste 11 a remains in the filter 47 and does not disperse in other places.

In the embodiments in which it is provided, the vibration of the first molding plane 25a or the second molding plane 25b increases the certainty that the cement paste 11a will remain in the filter 47.

This could, in fact, dirty the molding machine 10, with the consequent increase in maintenance times and a reduction in productivity. In addition, the leakage of the cement paste 11a out of the multiple mold 44 could cause defects in the cement tiles 11 and reduce the performance of the molding machine 10.

When the molding unit 15 is lowered to the first molding plane 25a or to the second molding plane 25b (Figure 10), the multiple mold 44 contacts the frame 46 and pushes it down, overcoming the resistance of the springs 51. The pushing of the multiple mold 44 causes a deformation of the frame 46, which consequently causes a tensioning of the filter 47, which is arranged straight and horizontal on the upper surface of the plates 27.

In some embodiments, this tensioner can also be realized by the pneumatic or hydraulic pistons before the multiple mold 44 comes into contact with the frame 46.

The filter device 36 is held in this position by the multiple mold 44 also during the subsequent molding step (Figure 11), during which the sliding molding devices 41 descend inside the through cavities 45 of the multiple mold 44 and compress the cement paste 11a to obtain the cement tiles 11.

During molding, the water leaving the cement paste 11a is filtered through the filter 47 and transported down the capillary channels 28 of the plates 27.

In some embodiments, in the case of a molding machine 10 equipped with a suction of excess water from above, or both from below and above, a filter device 136 (Figures 12 to 14) can be connected to each device molding slider 141, instead of the plates 27.

In the case given by way of example of a molding machine 10 with a suction of the water from above and below, the sliding molding device 141 (Figure 14) is defined by two components, coupled together, that is, a component upper buffer carrier 142 and by the aforementioned filter device 136, disposed below the upper buffer carrier component 142. The filter device 136 comprises a molding buffer 143, mechanically connected to the upper buffer carrier component 142 and to a filter 147 (Figures 12 to 14). In

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In some embodiments, the molding buffer 143 is releasably connected by magnetic connection means 152, 153 to the filter 147.

In some embodiments, the molding buffer 143 may have a parallelepiped shape, and a volume in plan substantially equal to that of the cement tiles 11 to be obtained.

In some embodiments, the filter 147 is magnetically attached to the bottom of the molding buffer 143.

In some embodiments, the molding buffer 143 has a network of channels 144 in its lower face, which communicate with each other and have the function of transporting the water that arrives below the cement paste 11a into a chamber of pickup 145.

The collection chamber 145 may be in communication with a discharge channel 146 which allows the water to be discharged upwards, for example, through one or more openings made in the sliding molding device 141 and not shown in the drawings.

The through holes 149 are also made in the molding buffer 143, which serve to detachably connect the molding buffer 143 to the upper buffer carrier component 142, for example, using screws 150.

A plurality of blind housing seats 151 are also made in the molding buffer 143, each suitable for containing a permanent magnet 152.

The filter 147 comprises a metal grid 153, for example, consisting of a metal net or a perforated metal plate, to which a filtering membrane 154 is stably connected, with a thick mesh. The latter constitutes, during use, the lower external surface of the sliding molding device 141 and, in the molding stage, comes into contact with the cement paste 11a.

The metal grid 153 can be made in one piece with a volume in plan to cover the entire lower face of the molding buffer 143, or it may consist of several modules that cover, all together, the lower surface of the molding buffer 143.

The metal grid 153 is advantageously manufactured from a metal material with magnetic characteristics, such as, for example, a low alloy steel or a ferritic stainless steel. The metal grid 153 works in conjunction with the magnets 152 which maintain it, due to the magnetic attraction effect, in contact with the lower face of the molding buffer 143.

This magnetic coupling is at the same time stable and easily removable, and has the advantage that it does not require additional mechanical work on the upper buffer carrier component 142. In addition, this solution allows the rapid replacement of the filter 147 if it is blocked or worn, consequently reducing maintenance times and machine downtimes necessary for replacement.

This, consequently, allows to increase the productivity of the molding machine 10.

Figure 15 is used to describe the embodiments, which can be combined with all the embodiments described herein, of a machine 10 in accordance with the present description for the production of cement tiles 11 of the double type layer, that is, with a layer of cement paste 11a and a layer of sand, in any case, it can also be used to make single-layer cement tiles 11.

Some embodiments of the machine 10 described using Figure 15 differ essentially from the embodiments of the machine 10 described using, for example, Figure 1, in that the cement paste is charged, in this case also, in stacks of cement paste 11a, but is then distributed in counter-molds, in which it is leveled, for example through a vibration, without leaks because it is peripherally contained by the counter-mold, and is molded only later.

Some embodiments of the machine 10 described using Figure 15 facilitate, in the same way as the embodiments described using, for example, Figures 1-14, that the molding unit 15 is configured to perform the molding of the cement paste 11a in the direction of vertical molding S, to obtain the cement tiles 11. On the other hand, according to the present description, the movement device 17 is configured to move the cement paste 11a in the direction of movement M for placing the cement paste 11a below the molding unit 15. For example, the movement device 17 may comprise an alternative linear movement means 66, such as a rack and pinion system 68, for example, supported by the supports 75.

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According to the present description, the extractor device 16 is configured to extract the at least one cement tile 11 produced in the extraction direction E, transverse to the direction of movement M. For example, Figure 15 shows a container element 72 that houses a device to adjust the height H2, and also some possible dampers to perform the extraction properly. The motor 35a associated with the movement means 33 provided to move the demoulding plane 31 can be provided in the fixed part 32b of the frame 32.

The movement device 17 is configured to move the cement paste 11a alternately to one side and another of the mold 44 in the direction of movement M, while the extractor device 16 is configured to extract at least one cement tile 11 frontally with respect to to the molding unit 15, in the extraction direction E.

The embodiments of the machine 10 described using Figure 15 facilitate, in the same way as the embodiments described using, for example Figures 1-14, that the cement paste 11a moves in the direction of movement M with In order to place the cement paste 11a below the molding unit 15 acting in the vertical molding direction S. In addition, the molding of the cement paste 11a in the molding direction S is provided for the production of the less a cement tile 11. In addition, in accordance with the present description, the extraction in the extraction direction E, transverse to the direction of movement M, of the cement tile 11 produced is provided. In accordance with some embodiments described herein, the extraction direction E is in an extraction plane displaced vertically with respect to a plane of motion in which the direction of movement M is located, and arranged at a distance H2 which is greater than the height H1 of the plane of motion.

In particular, some embodiments described herein facilitate that the molding unit 15 comprises the mold 44, which acts as an upper molding matrix, and at least two counter-molds or lower mold dies 64. Each counter mold or lower mold die 64 is configured to receive cement paste 11a. The counter-molds or lower mold dies 64 have said molding planes 25a, 25b. The counter-molds or dies of lower mold 64 are movable alternately from and to a position below the mold 44, alternatively placing themselves below or on one side, as can be seen for example in Figure 15. As described above. previously, the support element 18 can be provided, associated with the molding planes 25a, 25b, which can be manufactured to be moved by the movement device 17 in the direction of movement M.

Each counter-mold or lower mold matrix 64 may comprise one or more molding seats 65, which act as systems for containing the material to be molded, and therefore multiple molding, or a single-tile molding of cement 11 each time, as described above, for example, with reference to Figures 1-14.

Normally, in possible implementations, a leveling device can be provided, such that the cement paste 11a distributed in a lower die mold 64 is evenly leveled, to receive, for example, a subsequent amount of sand, which can be leveled in turn, before molding. For example, the leveling device may comprise a vibration device 76, which causes the material to vibrate, for example, in the position below the mold 44, or it may be a mobile leveling bar device, which acts for example before place the material to be molded below the mold 44, or after it has been placed below the mold 44. In this way, a stack of leveled material to be molded is placed below the mold 44, which can be single layer , that is, only cement paste, or double layer, that is, cement paste and sand.

In possible implementations, the devices 67 can be provided to feed the raw materials for manufacturing the cement tiles 11 to the sides of the molding unit 15, for example, of the hopper type 71. The feeding devices 67, provided at the stations of respective loads on the sides of the molding station, they can also have a double compartment 73, to possibly feed a pile of cement paste 11a and sand separately, for example, in the production of the double layer cement tiles 11, that is, with a layer of cement paste, which will be leveled next, and a layer of sand.

In the embodiments described using Figure 15, once the cement tile 11 is molded, it is raised together with the mold 44, and can, for example, be maintained by a mechanical adhesion action of the molded material to the inner walls. of the mold 44. Possibly, a vacuum suction system can also be used, which creates a depression in the mold 44 in order to retain the molding material, as described with reference to Figures 1-14.

In order to obtain the demoulding of the cement tile 11, an ejection element can be provided, for example, the mentioned molding sliding device 41, 141, which acts on the tile 11 and deposits it below in the demoulding plane 31, which Meanwhile it has been placed correctly below.

It is evident that modifications and / or additions of parts can be made to the molding machine 10 as described so far, without departing from the field and scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 60 65 1. Method for the production of cement tiles (11) from a cement paste (11a), which comprises - the movement of said cement paste (11a) in a direction of movement (M) in order to place said cement paste (11a) below a molding unit (15) acting in a vertical molding direction ( S); - the molding of said cement paste (11a) in the molding direction (S) for the production of at least one cement tile (11); - the extraction of said at least one cement tile (11) produced in an extraction direction (E) transverse to said direction of movement (M), characterized in that the extraction direction (E) is in an extraction plane displaced vertically with respect to a plane of motion in which said direction of motion (M) is located and is arranged at a distance (H2) greater than the height (H1) of said plane of motion. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said cement paste (11a) moves alternately to one side and another of a mold (44) in said direction of movement (M) and said at least one tile is removed of cement (11) frontally with respect to the molding unit (15) in said extraction direction (E). 3. Method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said extraction direction (E) is orthogonal to said movement direction (M). Method according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that said extraction direction (E), said movement direction (M) and said molding direction (S) constitute a triad of orthogonal Cartesian axes. 5. Method according to claims 2 and 3, or 2 and 4, characterized in that it comprises: - the placement of at least one molding plane (25a, 25b) in at least one loading station; - the loading of said cement paste (11a) in said at least one molding plane (25a, 25b); - the movement, after said loading, of said molding plane (25a, 25b), by translation in the direction of movement (M), from said at least one loading station to a molding station, in the lower part with with respect to said molding unit (15) having at least said mold (44); - placing said mold (44), by a movement in the molding direction (S), above said molding plane (25a, 25b), such that said cement paste (11a) is inserted into a cavity corresponding through (45) of said mold (44); - the molding of said cement paste (11a) by sliding a molding buffer (41, 141) of the molding unit (15) in said molding direction (S) into said through cavity (45), in order to obtain at least one cement tile (11). 6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises, after said molding: - the distancing of said molding unit (15) from said molding plane (25a, 25b) in said molding direction (S); - placing a demoulding plane (31) in said molding station by moving said demoulding plane (31) in said extraction direction (E), which is in a plane parallel to the plane in which said plane is located molding (25a, 25b); - the corresponding sliding of said pressure molding buffer (41, 141) into said through cavity (45) of said mold (44), in order to unmold said cement tiles (11), to place said cement tiles (11) in said demoulding plane (31); - the movement of said demoulding plane (31) in said extraction direction (E) away from said molding station, to remove said cement tiles (11). 7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that said placement of said demoulding plane (31) in said molding station facilitates that it is located above said molding plane (25a, 25b), present at the same time in said molding station. Method according to claims 6 or 7, characterized in that after said molding unit (15) of said molding plane (25a, 25b) has distanced itself in said molding direction (S) and after said demoulding plane (31) has been placed in said molding station, said molding plane (25a, 25b) is moved away from said molding station and another molding plane (25b, 25a) is placed in said molding station , below said demoulding plane (31). 9. Method according to any of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that before placing said 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty Another molding plane (25b, 25a) in said molding station, cement paste (11a) is placed therein. 10. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it facilitates simultaneously both a lifting movement of the molding unit (15) in the molding direction (S), and a movement of the cement paste (11a ) in the direction of movement (M) and also a cycle of extraction of the cement tile (11) in the direction of extraction (E). 11. Machine for the production of cement tiles (11) starting from a cement paste (11a), comprising: - a molding unit (15) configured to perform the molding of said cement paste (11a) in a vertical molding direction (S) to obtain the cement tiles (11); - a movement device (17) configured to move the cement paste (11a) in a direction of movement (M) to place said cement paste (11a) below the molding unit (15); - an extractor device (16) configured to extract said at least one cement tile (11) produced in an extraction direction (E) transverse to said movement direction (M), characterized in that said movement device (17) is configured to move cement paste (11a) alternately to one side and another of a mold (44) in said direction of movement (M) and said extractor device (16) is configured to extract at least one cement tile (11) frontally with respect to the molding unit (15) in said extraction direction (E); in which the extraction direction (E) is in an extraction plane displaced vertically with respect to a plane of movement in which said direction of movement (M) is located and is arranged at a distance (H2) greater than the height (H1) of said plane of motion. 12. Machine according to revindication 11, characterized in that said direction of extraction (E) is orthogonal to said direction of movement (M), in particular said direction of extraction (E), said direction of movement (M) and said Molding direction (S) constitute a triad of orthogonal Cartesian axes. 13. Machine according to claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one molding plane (25a, 25b), in which cement paste (11a) can be placed and why said movement device (17) is configured to move said molding plane (25a, 25b) in the direction of movement (M) from at least one loading station arranged at least to one side of the molding unit (15) to a molding station aligned vertically with the molding unit (15). 14. Machine according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it comprises: - a base frame (12) resting on a support surface (13) and a housing (14) attached to said base frame (12) to support said molding unit (15); - a demoulding plane (31) of said extractor device (16); - movement means (33) configured to move said demoulding plane (31) in the extraction direction (E) to cause said demoulding plane (31) to cyclically adopt a position outside said housing (14) and a position within of said housing (14), to extract on each occasion the cement tiles (11) produced. 15. Machine according to claims 13 and 14, characterized in that an upper surface of said at least one molding plane (25a, 25b) is placed at a constant height (H1) of said support surface (13) and by that the upper surface of said demoulding plane (31) is located at a certain distance (H2) from said support surface (13), greater than said height (H1).