ES2631143T3 - Wet wire drawing machine particularly for drawing very high strength steel wires - Google Patents

Abstract

A wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) particularly for drawing very high strength steel wires comprising: - a station (2) for unwinding a coil of raw wire (3) from a rotating coil (200), - a plurality of intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) which are arranged sequentially with respect to one another and are provided with means (7) for lubricating at least the drawing plates (8) with which they are provided, - a last wire drawing station (24) which is provided with wire straightening means (25) for obtaining a processed wire (19) having the desired geometric shape and mechanical characteristics, - a winder (33) arranged at output with respect to said last wire drawing station (24) for winding said processed wire onto a coil, the wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) being characterized in that which further comprises: - anti-slip drawing means (18) which are associated with the last of said intermediate wire drawing stations (6) for eliminating irregularities in the wire (19) processed in said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6) and attenuating vibrations of the rotating elements of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6), - each of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6) comprising at least one drawing plate (8) which is interposed between a guide cone (9) and a traction cone (10) whose axes of rotation (9a, 10a) are parallel and mutually adjacent to each other, each of said traction cones (10) and each of said guide cones (9) respectively comprising a plurality of traction tracks (12) and a plurality of guide grooves (13) which are paired in pairs and are provided in progressively larger diameters to have a geometrical consistency between the length of the path followed by said wire being processed (11) and the length of said wire being processed (11) increasing at each turn in said at least one drawing plate (8) in compliance with the yield strength of the material from which said wire being processed (11) is made, said wire being processed (11) being alternately and partially wound on said cones (9, 10), passing from one of said drawing tracks (12) to the next by means of a respective one of said guide grooves (13) through said at least one drawing plate (8) to pass, along the advancing direction of said wire being processed (11), from the lower diameters of said cones (9, 10) to the larger diameters of said cones (9, 10), said anti-slip drawing means comprising a first drawing flywheel (20) which is external to said intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) with an independent motor controller and in use carries said processed wire (19) from the last of said drawing cones (10) with synchronization by means of a second synchronizing dandy pulley (21) adjustable countertraction, adapted to eliminate slips between said first drawing flywheel (20) and said last drawing cone (10), and said anti-slip drawing means (18) comprising an idler disk (27) which is rotatably and axially associated with said last drawing cone (10) about the rotation axis (10a) of said last drawing cone (10) and has an outer diameter which is equal to the diameter of the last drawing track (12) of said last drawing cone (10), said processed wire (19) coming out from said last drawing track (12) arriving at said first drawing flywheel (20) passing first through said second synchronizing dandy pulley (21) and then through said idler disc (27), said last wire drawing station (24) being provided between said idler disc (27) and said first drawing flywheel (20).

Description

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DESCRIPTION

The wet wire drawing machine particularly for drawing VERY HIGH steel wires

RESISTANCE

The present invention refers to wet wire drawing machine, particularly for drawing wire of very high strength steel to cut silicon wafers for the photovoltaic industry and for other fields in which a wire with a very high resistance is required (3800-4000 N / mm2).

Currently, in the production of very high strength cutter wire, production technologies have been designed in which there is a plurality of wire drawing processes in sequence, the latter being particularly important and decisive for the quality of the finished product.

More precisely, in known types of production processes in the last drawing operation, a unwinding system is provided, whose task is to unwind the raw wire of a coil and insert it into the entrance of a die so that it is perfectly inert, that is , without twisting or helical configurations that could be preserved in the wire even after the drawing process.

Although different unwinding systems have been designed, these known types of systems are unable to unwind the raw wire while keeping it perfectly inert at the die inlet.

The unwound wire is guided to wire drawing cones with a kinematic arrangement with fixed reduction or, in the best case, with identical reduction units. Dies of a known type that have this constructive peculiarity subject the wire to inconstant tensions at each step, with the consequence that the first steps are barely tensioned and then the tension increases progressively at each step.

The main drawback of this system is that it snows at increasing temperatures at the deformation points of the wire drawing plates, making critical the lubrication and heat dissipation. The immediate consequence is the limitation of performance in order to avoid compromising product quality.

As for the lubrication of the dies, it is known in the state of the art to move the lubricating fluid by spilling it into a drawing tank, which leads to a cleaning action that is not effective at the entrance and exit of said wire drawing plate.

In fact, the biggest drawback of this method lies in the fact that residual plugs of lubricating fluid and reservoirs are generated over time and limit the constant adhesion to the wire at the entrance of the drawing plates.

Furthermore, in the last drawing step of the drawing machines of a known type the establishment of the fixed reduction of the rotation of the cones differs greatly from the reduction of the wire due to the tolerance in the finished dibmeter.

In addition, for this reduction it is necessary to consider a margin in order to prevent breakage of the wire under traction, which occurs when the machine reduction is greater than the wire reduction.

This variation generates, during drawing, intense and inconstant slips in time between the wire and the cone, compromising the constancy in terms of mechanical qualities of the finished product.

In addition, it should be noted that the production of a package that must be as constant as possible in terms of mechanical characteristics is compromised between approximately 400 and 1200 km of product and requires times between 10 and 30 hours, depending on the format.

It is therefore evident and important to have a system that allows to keep the mechanical characteristics of the wire constant over time.

For this purpose, stretching systems in the last step and a consequent adjustment of the last die base are provided in order to adjust the shape of the wire drawing turn.

These drawing systems of a known type have the disadvantage that the adjustment of the die base is random and does not reflect a geometric criterion that makes it possible to apply force to the wire in a very specific position, so that it does not have a constant adjustment in the time and practicality in the adjustment.

Finally, as regards the winder, in order to have an opposition of the wire to be wound to allow said winding in fact, counterweight systems are normally used, which inevitably are characterized by a great inertia in instantaneous movements, which causes opposition peaks during winding that are most evident in the case of a stratification that is not particularly planar.

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These winding machines of a known type are generally of the type with a fixed collection system and with stratification with a wire pulley and have the disadvantage of generating speed variations due to the sweep of distribution, also affecting a continuous movement of the device synchronization with variable opposition effects due to its inertia.

Furthermore, it is inevitable, again due to the sweep, that the wire rubs against the edges of the guide pulleys since its path with respect to the pulley axis is not always perpendicular.

This situation causes friction that damages due to the different speeds between the wire and the edges of the distribution pulleys.

All these noted drawbacks lead to an inevitable reduction in the speed of production that is required in order to minimize the effects of these inconveniences.

US 3 686 908 A shows a wire drawing machine that has a combination of features as set forth in the characterizing portion of claim 1 attached.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine, particularly for drawing wires of very high strength steel to cut silicon wafers for the photovoltaic industry and for other sectors where a wire with very high resistance is required (3800 -4000 N / mm2) to avoid the previously mentioned inconveniences.

Within this objective, an object of the invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine that allows an increase in the production speed of at least 50% with respect to known types of wire drawing machines.

Another object of the invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine in which the quality of the wire is constant and to the maximum of the characteristics, in compatibility with the product being drawn.

Another object of the invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine in which there is a continuous control of the constancy of the product, understood as the shape of the turns, precision in the dibometer, winding precision, to avoid compromising the execution of the subsequent process of chopped up.

Another object of the invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine in which there is continuous control of the traction of the processed wire.

Another object of the invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine in which the vibrations in the wire, which lead to an inequality in linearity and surface finish, are limited or even impeded.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine that, due to its particular construction characteristics, is capable of offering the highest guarantees of reliability and safety in its use.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wet wire drawing machine that can be easily obtained from commercially available elements and materials and that is also competitive from a purely economic point of view regarding wire drawing machines of the known type.

In accordance with the invention, a wet wire drawing machine is provided as defined in the appended claims.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be better apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a wet wire drawing machine, particularly for drawing very high strength steel wires, illustrated by non-limiting example. in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation view of a wet wire drawing machine particularly for drawing very high strength steel wires according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a top piano view of the wet wire drawing machine shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of a variation of the wet wire drawing machine shown in the previous figures;

Figure 4 is a top piano view of the wet wire drawing machine shown in Figure 3.

With reference to the figures, the wire drawing machine, particularly for drawing wires of very high strength steel, designated in its example of preferred embodiment by the reference number 1a and in its variation by the

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reference number 1bt comprises a station 2 for unwinding a coil of raw wire 3 from a rotating coil 200 having a capacity for example between 1000 kg and 2500 kg.

More precisely, the unwinding station 2 comprises a rotary coil 200 of the motorized derulb type and with a wire straightening unit 201 between a unwinding unit 202 and a first intermediate wire drawing station 4 to introduce the raw wire 3 into this first station of intermediate drawing 4 without deformations and / or twists, which are responsible for alterations of the geometric shape of the processed wire 19 at the end of the process.

In addition, this unwinding station 2 comprises a first dandy synchronizing pulley 203 with adjustable counter-traction, which is adapted to adjust the unwinding tension of the raw wire 3 of the rotating coil 200.

The wet drawing machines 1a and 1b also comprise a plurality of intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6 which are arranged in mutual sequence and are provided with means 7 for lubricating at least the drawing plates 8 with which they are provided. and comprise at least one pump 37 of the Buster type, which is adapted to propel lubricating fluid under pressure directly to the inlet and / or outlet of the drawing plates 8 of the intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6, extracting the lubricating fluid at a pressure that is for example lower than the atmospheric pressure.

Conveniently, said intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6, which are three in the proposed embodiment example, each comprise at least one drawing plate 8 which is interposed between a guide cone 9 and a traction cone 10 whose Rotation axes 9a and 10a are parallel and mutually and laterally adjacent.

More precisely, the intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6 are accommodated in a tank 38 containing the lubricating fluid that completely immerses the cones 9 and 10 and the drawing plates 8.

The exchange of the lubricating fluid is adjusted to keep the temperature constant in a variable range between 4 and 6 ° Celsius. A minimum flow rate of approximately 20-25 l / min is sufficient for this purpose. A significantly higher flow rate is required to have a pressure that is suitable for cleaning the drawing plates, the inlet and the outlet of each. The pump 37 extracts from said tank 38 and by means of a specific circuit transports the lubricating fluid to the vicinity of the drawing plates 8 by means of adapted sprinklers 40 carrying a jet of lubricating fluid that is directed to the inlet and / or outlet of the plates wire drawing 8, making it easier to keep wire drawing plates 8 clean of wire drawing residues.

The lubrication system described in this way extends the duration of the process and reduces the possibility of wire breakage being processed 11 due to critical lubrication.

Each glutton cone 9 and each traction cone 10 respectively comprise a plurality of traction tracks 12 and a plurality of guide grooves 13 that are matched in pairs and are provided in progressively larger dibmeters to have a geometric consistency between the length of the track followed by the wire being processed 11 and the actual length of the wire being processed 11, which increases at each step in the wire drawing plates 8 in compliance with the limit of elasticity of material from which it is made.

In this way, the wire being processed 11 is alternated and partially wound around the cones 9 and 10 to pass, along the direction of advance of said wire being processed 11, from the smallest dibmeters of the cones 9 and 10 to its larger dibmeters, crossing the drawing plates 8 as it passes from the genetic guide cone 9 to the respective traction cone 10 in compliance with the longitudinal elongation caused by the radial reduction of the transverse cross section.

The wire being processed 11 in fact passes from one traction track 12 to the next through a respective guide groove 13 passing through the wire drawing plate 8.

More precisely, the guide grooves 13 have a semi-circular cross section to ensure the correct position of the wire being processed 11 and to guide it in perfect alignment on the wire drawing plate 8.

Advantageously, the drawing plates 8 have reductions in the cross-section that progressively decrease at each step of the wire being processed 11, to have a substantially constant dissipated power at each step, to balance the heating of the point of contact between the respective drawing plate 8 and the wire being processed 11 in all steps and avoid overheating that damages the lubrication balance.

In addition, each traction cone 10 has an angular velocity greater than the respective guide cone 9 to compensate for the elongation of the wire being processed 11 at the exit of the wire drawing plate 8 and force a controlled sliding of the wire being processed 11 in the guide grooves 13 of said guide cone 9 to prevent accidental breakage of the wire being processed 11 due to excessive traction and contain wear due to the sliding of the processed wire 11 and the guide grooves 13.

. The wire being processed 11 passes from one intermediate wire drawing station to the next

by means of a pair of glutton pulleys 14, which are formed for each pair of consecutive intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6 and are adapted to guide the wire being processed 11 from the last traction track 12 of the traction cone 10 of the intermediate wire drawing station that precedes the first groove 5 guide 13 of the guide cone 9 of the subsequent intermediate wire drawing station.

As is clearly visible in the cited figures, the cones 9 and 10 are associated with mechanical transmission means 15 which in turn are associated with a single electric motor 16 to achieve a synchronized rotation of said cones 9 and 10 that have a higher speed. of rotation as they continue along the direction of advance of the wire being processed 11.

10 Synchronization can be achieved by preset transmission ratios between the rotation axes

9a and 10a, for example by a plurality of belt transmissions 17 arranged in a mutual cascade configuration.

In the proposed embodiment, as already mentioned, there are three intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6, which respectively have a first traction cone 10, which has 5 tracks of 15 traction 12, a second cone of traction 10, which has 7 traction tracks 12 and a third traction cone 10, which has 12 traction tracks 12. In a complementary manner, the same number of guide grooves 13 is provided for the three guide cones 9.

In addition, there are anti-slip stretching means 18 that are associated with the last intermediate wire drawing station 6 to eliminate irregularities of the processed wire 19 in the intermediate 20 wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6 in order to attenuate the vibrations of the rotary elements of said intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6.

More precisely, these anti-slip stretching means 18 comprise a first stretching inertia flywheel 20 that is external to the intermediate wire drawing stations 4, 5 and 6 with an independent motor controller and Neva the processed wire 19 from the last cone of traction 10 with synchronization by means of a second dandy synchronizing pulley 21 with adjustable contraction, which is adapted to eliminate the slips between the first stretch flywheel 20 and the last traction cone 10.

The independent motor controller of the first stretch flywheel 20 and the idler disc 27 are very advantageous since they allow the elimination of slides on the last traction track 12 of the last traction cone 10, thus eliminating the major problems caused due to the wear of the last drawing plates that would consequently cause variable landslides that would affect the quality of the product.

In addition, the anti-slip traction means 18 comprise an idler disc 27, which is rotatably and axially associated with the last traction cone 10 around its rotation axis 10a and has an external dibmeter that is equal to the dibmeter of the last traction track. 12 of the traction cone 10.

In this way, the processed wire 19 leaving the last 12 Mega traction track to the first 35-inertia flywheel 20 passing first through the second synchronous dandy pulley 21 and then through the idler disk 27.

Thanks to the aforementioned system, the landslides and therefore, all the consequent problems, such as for example wire with uneven surfaces, uncontrollable daphine vibrations and also the possibility of reduction of production speeds are eliminated.

40 With reference only to figures 1 and 2, in the wet drawing machine 1a the stretching means

Anti-skid 18 comprises a second stretch inertia flywheel 22 with an independent motor controller that snows the processed wire 19 from the first stretched flywheel 20 with synchronization by means of a third synchronized dandy pulley 23, which is pneumatically controlled, with adjustable backtracking to have continuous control over the tension of the processed wire 19 and subject the processed wire 19 to traction tests 45 before winding it in the coil 34.

The wire straightening means 25 are defined between the first stretch flywheel 20 and the second stretch flywheel 22 and comprise two wire straightening units 31 and 28, which are mutually adjacent to each other and are adapted to obtain a processed wire 19 that has the desired geometric shape and the desired mechanical characteristics.

50 In a variation of the wet wire drawing machine 1a, shown in Figures 3 and 4 and designated by the

reference number 1b, the first stretch flywheel 20 comprises a double band in which the dibmeter of the second band is increased with respect to the diameter of the first band to have a controlled traction of the processed wire 19 and create a known elongation thereof .

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In this way, the processed wire 19 passes from the first band to the second band through two wire straightening units 31 and 28, which in this case are opposite with respect to an idler pulley 50 which is arranged laterally to the first flywheel stretched 20.

In both drawing machines 1a and 1b the final wire drawing station 24 is formed between the idler disk 27 and the first drawing wheel of inertia 20 and comprises a drawing plate 30 that can move in a spherical dome whose radius is centered at the point of separation of the idler disk 27, so that the processed wire 19 enters the mobile wire drawing plate 30 so that it is perfectly at right angles there, so that it suffers a deviation in output that varies according to the adjustment of the mobile wire drawing plate 30.

As for the two wire straightening units 31 and 28, they comprise rollers and contrast rollers with a tungsten carbide shaft, which are kept sealed in the bearings and corresponding labyrinths to prevent dirt from entering, micrometric adjustment of the rollers and Contrast rollers with independent centering on the optimal wire path, and threading opening system without compromising the adjustment.

At the exit of the last wire drawing station 24, a fourth synchronizing dandy pulley 32 is provided, which is also pneumatically contracted and is adapted to guide the processed wire 19 to a winder 33 which is conveniently arranged at the exit of the last station wire drawing 24 to wind said processed wire 19 into a coil 34.

Advantageously, the winder 33 is of the self-propelled type, that is to say, with a coil that can move transversely with respect to the direction of advance of the processed wire 19 to wind said processed wire 19 without its inclinations with respect to its exit direction of the last station of wire drawing 24.

In this way, a path of the processed wire 19 is achieved that is always linear and friction free between one turn and the next.

In order to make it possible to recognize the positioning of the coil of the coil 34 with respect to a fixed wire guide pulley 35 arranged in a fixed manner near the winder 33 and the dimensional characteristics of the processed wire 19, optical control means 36 are provided comprising, for example, Ibser beam photocells.

The operation of the wet wire drawing machines 1a and 1b according to the present invention is described below.

Starting from the unwinding station 2, the raw wire 3 is directed towards the first intermediate wire drawing station 4 so that the raw wire 3 is under tension and arrives at the first intermediate wire drawing station 4 without deformations and / or unwanted twists that could alter the final result of the processed wire 19.

The raw wire 3 is then partially wound on the first guide groove 13 of the first guide cone 9 and then stretched to the wire drawing plate 8 provided in the first wire drawing station 4.

At the entrance and exit of this drawing plate 8, by means of the pump 37 and through the sprinklers 40, the lubricating fluid is directed on the wire 11 being processed, thus making it easier to keep the drawing plates 8 clean. of stretch residues.

During the stretching of the wire. a reduction in the transverse section occurs that, due to the principle of conservation of the mass, Neva to an inevitable elongation of the wire being processed 11.

This elongation, which occurs at each step in the drawing plates 8, is compensated by the progressively increasing dibmeter of the guide cones 9 and of the traction cones 10 and thanks to the higher rotation speed of the traction cones 10 with respect to of the respective cones guide 9.

In fact, as mentioned, the wire being processed 11 is alternated and partially wound around the cones 9 and 10 to pass, along the direction of advance of the wire being processed 11, from the smallest diameter to the diameter greater than said cones 9 and 10, passing through the drawing plate 8 in the transition from the guide cone 9 to the traction cone 10.

This step is repeated until the number of traction tracks 12 is exhausted, with progressively smaller reductions in the cross section, moving from one intermediate wire drawing station to the next through the guide pulleys 14.

It is important to note that the diameters of the cones 9 and 10 increase as one continues from one station to the next, since as the wire is processed, smaller bending angles can be allowed by reducing its diameter.

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Of course, depending on the requirements it may not be necessary to use all traction tracks 12 and guide slots 13 of cones 9 and 10.

With reference to the wet wire drawing machine 1a, shown in Figures 1 and 2, the processed wire 19 leaving the last traction track 12 arrives at the first stretch flywheel 20, with independent motor controller, passing first through the second dandy synchronizing pulley 21 and then through the idler disc 27, for example six / seven turns on the first flywheel of stretching 20 to create the necessary grip and not having any unwanted slippage.

Before reaching the first stretch flywheel 20, the wire being processed 11 passes through the last wire drawing station 24, in which, thanks to the particular mobile wire drawing plate 30 and the wire straightening units 31 and 28, which are arranged between the first stretch flywheel 20 and the second stretch flywheel 22, the finished product is obtained.

More precisely, the exit wire of the first stretching inertia flywheel 20 passes through the straightening wire assemblies 31 and 28, arriving at the second stretching inertia flywheel 22, passing over an idler pulley that is coaxial to the second flywheel of stretching inertia 22.

In variation 1b, shown in Figures 3 and 4, instead, since the second stretch flywheel 22 is not provided, the processed wire 19 leaving the last traction track 12 reaches the two bands of the first stretching flywheel 20 performing for example six / seven turns in order to create the necessary grip and not having unwanted slips, and moving from one to the next by an idler pulley 50 that guides said wire from a wire straightening unit 31 to the subsequent wire straightening unit 28.

As with the wet wire drawing machine 1a, in the wet wire drawing machine 1b, before reaching the first stretch flywheel 20, the wire being processed 11 passes through the last wire drawing station of wire 24.

Both in the wet wire drawing machine 1a and in the wet wire drawing machine 1b, at the exit of the last wire drawing station 24 and mbs precisely at the exit of the last stretch flywheel 20, the fourth dandy pulley Synchronizer 32 guides the processed wire 19 towards the winder 33, which, as already described above, is of the self-propelled type, that is, with a coil that can be moved for winding the processed wire 19 into a coil 34 without its inclinations with respect to its exit address of the last wire drawing station 24.

Advantageously, the correct management of the winding machine 33 is provided by the fixed wire guide pulley 35, which is arranged in a fixed manner near the winding machine 33 and by the optical control means 36.

In practice it has been discovered that the wet wire drawing machine, particularly for drawing very high strength steel wires to cut silicon wafers for the photovoltaic industry and for other fields in which a very high resistance wire is required, according to the invention, it achieves the objective and the intended objects since it allows to overcome the inconveniences observed regarding the state of the art.

More precisely, it is important to note that the unwinding station advantageously allows the raw wire to be brought to the first intermediate drawing station without deformations and / or twists.

Another advantage of the wet wire drawing machine according to the present invention is that thanks to the lubrication means described, it is possible to lubricate the drawing plates in an optimum and local way, both at their entrance and at their exit, keeping them clean, with the consequence of extending the duration of the process by limiting the possibilities of wire breakage.

Another advantage of the wet wire drawing machine according to the present invention is that thanks to the particular geometry and arrangement, the calibrated movement of the guide cones and the traction cones, and the synchronizing devices provided, it is possible to eliminate all the vibrations and landslides that are harmful to the quality of processed wire, simultaneously allowing an increase in the feed rate of the wire being processed.

Another advantage of the wet wire drawing machine according to the present invention is that thanks to the self-propelled type winding machine it is possible to wind the processed wire into a coil without sliding or friction occurring between one turn and the next.

The invention conceived in this way is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims.

All details can also be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.

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In practice, the materials used, with the proviso that they are compatible with the specific use, as well as the contiguous shapes and dimensions, can be any according to the requirements.

Where the technical elements mentioned in any claim are followed by reference signs, those reference signs have been included for the sole purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and accordingly, such reference signs have no limiting effect on the interpretation. of each element identified by example by such reference signs.

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1. A wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) particularly for drawing very high strength steel wires comprising:

-a station (2) for unwinding a coil of raw wire (3) from a rotating coil (200),

- a plurality of intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) that are arranged sequentially with respect to each other and are provided with means (7) for the lubrication of at least the drawing plates (8) with which they are provided,

-a last wire drawing station (24) which is provided with wire straightening means (25) to obtain a processed wire (19) having the desired geometrical shape and mecemic characteristics,

- a winder (33) arranged at the exit with respect to said last wire drawing station (24) to wind said processed wire into a coil,

the wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) being characterized by the fact that it also includes:

- anti-slip stretching means (18) that are associated with the last of said intermediate wire drawing stations (6) to eliminate irregularities in the wire (19) processed in said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6) and attenuate the vibrations of the rotating elements of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6),

- each of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6) comprising at least one drawing plate (8) interposed between a guide cone (9) and a traction cone (10) whose rotation axes (9a, 10a) parallel and mutually with each other, each of said traction cones (10) and each of said guide cones (9) comprising respectively a plurality of traction tracks (12) and a plurality of guide grooves (13) that are paired in pairs and are provided in progressively larger diameters to have a geometrical consistency between the length of the path followed by said wire being processed (11) and the length of said wire being processed (11) that increases to each turn in said at least one wire drawing plate (8) in compliance with the limit of elasticity of the material from which said wire being processed (11) was made, said wire being processed (11) being alternately and partially wound in said cones (9, 10), passing from one of said traction tracks (12) to the next one through a respective one of said guide grooves (13) through said at least one drawing plate (8) to pass along of the direction of advance of said wire being processed (11), from the lower diameters of said cones (9, 10) to the larger diameters of said cones (9, 10),

said anti-slip stretching means comprising a first stretching inertia flywheel (20) that is external to said intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) with an independent motor controller and in use Neva said processed wire (19) from the last of said traction cones (10) with synchronization by means of a second dandy synchronizing pulley (21) adjustable contraction, adapted to eliminate the slides between said first drawing flywheel (20) and said last traction cone (10), and

said anti-slip stretching means (18) comprising an idler disk (27) which is rotatably and axially associated with said last traction cone (10) around the rotation axis (10a) of said last traction cone (10) and has a outer dibmeter that is equal to the dibmeter of the last traction track (12) of said last traction cone (10), said processed wire (19) leaving from said last traction track (12) arriving at said first flywheel stretching (20) passing first through said second synchronizing dandy pulley (21) and then through said idler disk (27), said last wire drawing station (24) being provided between said idler disk (27) and said first stretch flywheel (20).

2. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 1, characterized in that said unwinding station (2) comprises a rotating coil (200) of the motorized winding type with a wire straightening unit ( 201) between a unwinding unit (202) and the first of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4) for the insertion of said raw wire (3) into said first wire wire drawing station (4) without deformations and / or twists his.

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3. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 2, characterized in that said unwinding station (2) comprises a first dandy synchronizing pulley (203) with adjustable contraction that is adapted to adjust the unwinding tension of said raw wire (3) of said rotary coil (200)

4. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one wire drawing plate (8) has cross-sectional reductions that progressively decrease at each turn of said wire being processed (11) to have a substantially constant dissipated power at each wire drawing step to balance the heating of the contact point between said at least one wire drawing plate (8) and the wire being processed (11) in all steps e prevent the occurrence of overheating that damages the lubrication balance.

5. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by the fact that said guide grooves (13) have a semicircular cross section for

ensure the position of said wire being processed (11) and direct it so that it is perfectly aligned on said at least one wire drawing plate (8).

6. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized by the fact that it comprises, for each consecutive pair of said drawing stations

of intermediate wire (4, 5, 6), a pair of guide pulleys (14) that are adapted to guide said wire being processed (11) from the last traction track (12) of the traction cone (10) of said station of intermediate wire drawing (4, 5) preceding the first guide groove (13) of the guide cone (9) of said subsequent intermediate wire drawing station (5, 6).

7. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means of mechanical transmission (15) that are associated with a single electric motor (16) and with said cones (9, 10) for synchronized rotation, said cones (9, 10) having a higher rotational speed as it moves along the direction of advance of said wire being processed (11), each of said cones of traction having an angular velocity greater than the respective one of said guide cones (9) to compensate for the elongation of said wire being processed (11) at the exit of said at least one wire drawing plate (8) and to impose a controlled sliding to said wire being processed (11) in said guide grooves (13) of said guide cone (9) to prevent accidental breakage of said wire being processed (11) due to excessive traction and contain the sliding wear of both said wire being processed (11) as of said guide grooves (13).

The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises three of said intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) that respectively have a first traction cone (10) that has five traction tracks (12), a second traction cone (10) that has seven traction tracks (12) and a third traction cone (10) that have twelve traction tracks (12).

The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said last wire drawing station (24) comprises a wire drawing plate (30) that can move in a spherical dome whose radius is centered at the point of separation of said idler disk (27) so that said processed wire (19) enters said mobile wire drawing plate (30) perfectly in straight angles there, suffering an exit deflection which is variable according to the setting of said mobile wire drawing plate (30).

The wet wire drawing machine (1a) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said non-slip stretching means (418) comprise a second stretching inertia flywheel (22) with an independent motor controller that Neva said processed wire (19) from said first flywheel (20) with synchronization by means of a third dandy synchronizing pulley (23) with adjustable contraction to have a continuous control over the tension of said processed wire (19) and subject said processed wire (19) for tensile testing before winding it on said coil (34), said wire straightening means (25) being formed between said first stretching inertia flywheel (20) and said second stretching inertia flywheel (22) ).

11. The wet wire drawing machine (1a) according to claim 10, characterized in that said third synchronous dandy pulley (23) is pneumatically controlled.

12. The wet wire drawing machine (1a) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said wire straightening means (25) comprise two wire straightening units (31,28) that are mutually and laterally adjacent

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13. The wet wire drawing machine (16) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said first drawing motor flywheel (20) comprises a double band in which the dibometer of the second band is greater than the dibmeter of the first band to have a controlled traction of said processed wire (19) and produce a known elongation thereof, said processed wire (19) in use passing from said first band to said second band through said straightening means of wire (25) and an idler pulley (50) that is arranged laterally to said first flywheel (20).

14. The wet wire drawing machine (1b) according to claim 13, characterized in that said wire straightening means (25) comprise two wire straightening units (31,28) that are mutually opposite with respect to said pulley idler (50).

15. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 12 or 14, characterized in that said wire straightening units (31, 28) comprise rollers and contrast rollers with a tungsten carbide shaft , hermetic seals on the bearings and corresponding labyrinths to prevent the entry of dirt, micrometric adjustment means of said rollers and said contrast rollers with independent centering on the optimal wire path and an opening system for threading without compromising the adjustment.

16. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a fourth synchronous dandy pulley (32) that is adapted to guide said processed wire (19) at the output of said last drawing station (24) towards said winder (33).

17. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 16, characterized in that said fourth synchronous dandy pulley (32) is pneumatically controlled.

18. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said winding machine (33) is of the type with a mobile coil for winding said processed wire (19) without its inclinations with respect to the output direction of said processed wire (19) from said last wire drawing station (24) to have a path of said processed wire (19) that is always linear and friction free between one turn and the next.

19. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 18, characterized in that it comprises optical control means (36) that are associated with said winder (33) to recognize the position of said coil with respect to a fixed wire guide pulley (35) and the dimensional characteristics of said processed wire (19).

20. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 19, characterized in that said optical control means (36) comprise laser beam photocells.

21. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said lubrication means (7) comprise at least one pump (37) for propelling pressurized lubricating fluid directly into the input of said at least one drawing plate (8) of said intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6)

22. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 21, characterized in that said lubrication means (7) comprise for each of said sprinkler drawing plates (8) sprinklers (40) which are adapted to direct lubricating fluid in and out of said drawing plate (8) to keep them clean.

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Claims (22)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 1. A wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) particularly for drawing very high strength steel wires comprising: -a station (2) for unwinding a coil of raw wire (3) from a rotating coil (200), - a plurality of intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) that are arranged sequentially with respect to each other and are provided with means (7) for the lubrication of at least the drawing plates (8) with which they are provided, -a last wire drawing station (24) that is provided with wire straightening means (25) to obtain a processed wire (19) having the desired geometric shape and mechanical characteristics, - a winder (33) arranged at the exit with respect to said last wire drawing station (24) to wind said processed wire into a coil, the wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) being characterized by the fact that it also includes: - anti-slip stretching means (18) that are associated with the last of said intermediate wire drawing stations (6) to eliminate irregularities in the wire (19) processed in said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6) and attenuate the vibrations of the rotating elements of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6), - each of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6) comprising at least one drawing plate (8) that is interposed between a guide cone (9) and a traction cone (10) whose rotation axes (9a, 10a) parallel and mutually with each other, each of said traction cones (10) and each of said guiding cones (9) comprising respectively a plurality of traction tracks (12) and a plurality of guide grooves (13) that are paired in pairs and are provided in progressively larger diameters to have a geometric consistency between the length of the path followed by said wire being processed (11) and the length of said wire being processed (11) which increases to each turn in said at least one wire drawing plate (8) in compliance with the limit of elasticity of the material from which said wire being processed (11) is made, said wire being processed (11) being alternately and partially wound in said cones (9, 10), passing from one of said traction tracks (12) to the next one through a respective one of said guide grooves (13) through said at least one drawing plate (8) to pass along of the direction of advance of said wire being processed (11), from the lower diameters of said cones (9, 10) to the larger diameters of said cones (9, 10), said anti-slip stretching means comprising a first stretching inertia flywheel (20) that is external to said intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) with an independent motor controller and in use carries said processed wire (19) from the last of said traction cones (10) with synchronization by means of a second dandy synchronizing pulley (21) adjustable contraction, adapted to eliminate the slides between said first stretch flywheel (20) and said last traction cone (10), and said anti-slip stretching means (18) comprising an idler disk (27) that is rotatably and axially associated with said last traction cone (10) around the axis of rotation (10a) of said last traction cone (10) and has a outer diameter that is equal to the diameter of the last traction track (12) of said last traction cone (10), said processed wire (19) leaving from said last traction track (12) arriving at said first flywheel stretching (20) passing first through said second synchronizing dandy pulley (21) and then through said idler disk (27), said last wire drawing station (24) being provided between said idler disk (27) and said first stretch flywheel (20). 2. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 1, characterized in that said unwinding station (2) comprises a rotating coil (200) of the motorized winding type with a wire straightening unit ( 201) between a unwinding unit (202) and the first of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4) for inserting said raw wire (3) into said first wire wire drawing station (4) without deformations and / or twists his. 3. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 2, characterized in that said unwinding station (2) comprises a first synchronous dandy pulley (203) with 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 Adjustable shrinkage that is adapted to adjust the unwinding tension of said raw wire (3) of said rotary coil (200) 4. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one wire drawing plate (8) has cross-sectional reductions that progressively decrease at each turn of said wire being processed (11) to have a substantially constant dissipated power at each wire drawing step to balance the heating of the contact point between said at least one wire drawing plate (8) and the wire being processed (11) in all steps e prevent the occurrence of overheating that damages the lubrication balance. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said guide grooves (13) have a semicircular cross section to ensure the position of said wire being processed (11) and direct it so that it is perfectly aligned in said at least one drawing plate (8). 6. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, for each consecutive pair of said intermediate wire drawing stations (4, 5, 6), a pair of guide pulleys (14) that are adapted to guide said wire being processed (11) from the last traction track (12) of the traction cone (10) of said intermediate wire drawing station (4, 5) that precedes the first guide groove (13) of the guide cone (9) of said subsequent intermediate wire drawing station (5, 6). The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises mechanical transmission means (15) that are associated with a single electric motor (16) and with said cones (9, 10) for its synchronized rotation, said cones (9, 10) having a higher rotation speed as it advances along the direction of advance of said wire being processed (11), each of said cones of traction having an angular velocity greater than the respective one of said guide cones (9) to compensate for the elongation of said wire being processed (11) at the exit of said at least one wire drawing plate (8) and to impose a controlled sliding to said wire being processed (11) in said guide grooves (13) of said guide cone (9) to prevent accidental breakage of said wire being processed (11) due to excessive traction and contain the sliding wear of both said wire being processed (11) as of said guide slots (13). The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises three of said intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) that respectively have a first traction cone (10) that has five traction tracks (12), a second traction cone (10) that has seven traction tracks (12) and a third traction cone (10) that have twelve traction tracks (12). The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said last wire drawing station (24) comprises a wire drawing plate (30) that can move in a spherical dome whose radius is centered at the point of separation of said idler disk (27) so that said processed wire (19) enters said mobile wire drawing plate (30) perfectly at right angles theref, suffering an exit deflection which is variable according to the adjustment of said mobile wire drawing plate (30). The wet wire drawing machine (1a) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said non-slip stretching means (418) comprise a second stretching inertia flywheel (22) with an independent motor controller carrying said processed wire (19) from said first drawing motor flywheel (20) with synchronization by means of a third dandy synchronizing pulley (23) with adjustable contraction to have a continuous control over the tension of said processed wire (19) and subject said processed wire (19) to tensile testing before winding it in said coil (34), said wire straightening means (25) being formed between said first stretching inertia flywheel (20) and said second stretching inertia flywheel (22) ). 11. The wet wire drawing machine (1a) according to claim 10, characterized in that said third synchronous dandy pulley (23) is pneumatically controlled. The wet wire drawing machine (1a) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said wire straightening means (25) comprise two wire straightening units (31, 28) that are mutually and laterally adjacent 13. The wet wire drawing machine (16) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said first drawing motor flywheel (20) comprises a double band in which the 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 diameter of the second band is larger than the diameter of the first band to have a controlled traction of said processed wire (19) and produce a known elongation thereof, said processed wire (19) in use passing from said first band to said second band through said wire straightening means (25) and an idler pulley (50) which is arranged laterally to said first drawing motor flywheel (20). 14. The wet wire drawing machine (1b) according to claim 13, characterized in that said wire straightening means (25) comprise two wire straightening units (31, 28) that are mutually opposite with respect to said pulley idler (50). 15. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 12 or 14, characterized in that said wire straightening units (31, 28) comprise rollers and contrast rollers with a tungsten carbide shaft , hermetic seals on the bearings and corresponding labyrinths to prevent the entry of dirt, micrometric adjustment means of said rollers and of said contrast rollers with independent centering on the optimal wire path and an opening system for threading without compromising the adjustment. 16. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a fourth synchronous dandy pulley (32) that is adapted to guide said processed wire (19) at the output of said last wire drawing station (24) towards said winder (33). 17. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 16, characterized in that said fourth synchronous dandy pulley (32) is pneumatically controlled. 18. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said winding machine (33) is of the type with a mobile coil for winding said processed wire (19) without its inclinations with respect to the output direction of said processed wire (19) from said last wire drawing station (24) to have a path of said processed wire (19) that is always linear and friction free between one turn and the next. 19. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 18, characterized in that it comprises optical control means (36) that are associated with said winder (33) to recognize the position of said coil with respect to a fixed wire guide pulley (35) and the dimensional characteristics of said processed wire (19). 20. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 19, characterized in that said optical control means (36) comprise laser beam photocells. 21. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said lubrication means (7) comprise at least one pump (37) for propelling pressurized lubricating fluid directly into the input of said at least one drawing plate (8) of said intermediate drawing stations (4, 5, 6) 22. The wet wire drawing machine (1a, 1b) according to claim 21, characterized in that said lubrication means (7) comprise for each of said sprinkler drawing plates (8) sprinklers (40) which are adapted to direct lubricating fluid in and out of said drawing plate (8) to keep them clean.