ES2675143T3 - Copper alloy containing iron and phosphorus - Google Patents

Abstract

Copper alloy, with proportions in% by weight of: Iron (Fe) 0.07-4.00 Phosphorus (P) 0.015-0.50 Sulfur (S) 0.10-0.80 where the alloy is free of beryllium (Be) and lead (Pb), and arbitrarily contains: Aluminum (Al) maximum 0.50 Chromium (Cr) maximum 0.50 Magnesium (Mg) maximum 0.50 Zirconium (Zr) maximum 0.50 Zinc (Zn) maximum 2.50 Tin (Sn) maximum 2.50 Boron (B) maximum 0.50 Silver (Ag) maximum 0.50 Manganese (Mn) 0.01 - 0.80 Teluro (Te) 0.10 - 1.00 the rest copper (Cu) and impurities conditioned by the fusion.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Copper alloy containing iron and phosphorus

The invention relates to a copper alloy with the characteristics of the main concept of claim 1, as well as to the use of said alloy according to the characteristics of claim 7 or 8.

Copper as a soft metal is particularly appreciated based on its good alloy capacity. Copper alloys with, for example, improved strength characteristics are also used where high demands for electrical and / or thermal conductivity, as well as corrosion resistance are requested. Therefore, several requirements must be met in general at the same time.

As copper with the exception of silver has the lowest electrical resistance of all known metals, copper alloys, and only because of the abundance of copper and the price advantages that this entails, are preferred over silver and used for constructive contact parts.

Constructive contact parts include, for example, mechanically connectable connecting elements, as well as separable ones, as well as crush joints.

Copper alloys such as CuFe0,1P (C19210) and CuFe2P (C19400) are preferably used for plug contacts, since they have a high hardening of the solid solution and a medium resistance to relaxation. Faced with this, the aforementioned copper alloys have poor machinability, so that they are not suitable or only badly for manufacturing by machining with chip removal of construction contact parts.

Compared to this, good machinability is achieved using known copper alloys, such as CuSP, CuTeP or CuSMn. Since in this case they are alloys that do not harden by precipitation with very low hardening of the solid solution, they have only a low resistance to relaxation.

Alloys used in the current state of the art sometimes contain, in addition, lead (Pb) or beryllium (Be) components, with which these copper alloys, already because of the known toxicity of these alloy elements, They cannot be used without worry for all applications.

For the current state of the art, the following documents must still be referred to: JOON HWAN CHOI: “Aging behavior and precipitate analysis of copperich Cu-Fe-Mn-P alloy”, MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A, Volume 550, July 1, 2012 (2012-07-01), pages 183-190, IISN: 0921-5093, DOI: 10.1016 / j.msea.2012.04.055 and S RAMESH ET AL: “Corrosion inhibition of copper by new triazole phosphonate derivatives” APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE ; Volume 229, No. 1-4, May 1, 2004 (2004-05-01), pages 214-225, ISSN: 0169-4332, DOI: 10.1016 / j.apsusc.2004.01.063.

In the publication mentioned first, a copper-Cu alloy containing 0.68% Fe and

Or, 38% Mn, 0.20% P and copper rest. The second publication describes a Cu alloy, which contains 0.021%

P, 0.07% Fe, 0.0045% Ni, 1.59% Zn, 0.006% Cr, 0.003% As, 0.06% S and copper remainder.

Against this background, the composition of copper alloys, as well as their use, still offers room for improvements in regard to the corresponding material properties.

The object of the invention is to provide a copper alloy that is resistant to relaxation, as well as suitable for machining by chip removal, which is exempt from the beryllium and lead alloy elements. In addition, the use of such a relaxation resistant copper alloy suitable for machining by chip removal, as well as lead and beryllium free, for finished semi-finished products without machining with chip removal and for products that can be finished from them by machining with chip removal.

According to the invention, the solution of this objective consists of a copper alloy with the characteristics of claim 1, as well as its use with the characteristics according to claim 7 or 8.

While the opposite is not stated in the following, all the data of the alloy elements is understood as a percentage by weight.

A copper alloy with proportions in% by weight of Iron (Fe) 0.07 -4.00 is proposed

Phosphorus (P) 0.015-0.50

Sulfur (S) 0.10-0.80

In order to achieve the required machinability, for the formation of chip breaker phases it may also contain at least one element of the following group:

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Manganese (Mn) 0.01-0.80

Teluro (Te) 0.10 -1.00

The alloy is free of beryllium (Be) and lead (Pb) to avoid toxic properties.

Depending on the base used for the copper alloy, it may contain manganese (Mn) or tellurium (Te), alone or in combination, within the limits given.

At choice, to improve the properties required in each case, the copper alloy contains:

 Aluminum (Al)

 max. 0, 50

 Chrome (Cr)

 max. 0, 50

 Magnesium (Mg)

 max. 0, 50

 Zirconium (Zr)

 max. 0, 50

 Zinc (Zn)

 max. 2, 50

 Tin (Sn)

 max. 2, 50

 Boron (B)

 max. 0, 50

 Silver (Ag)

 max. 0, 50

In the case of the aforementioned group, these are optional alloy elements. If necessary, they may be contained in isolation or in combination within the limits given.

The alloy contains copper (Cu) as the remainder and can carry the usual impurities conditioned by melting.

The copper alloy according to the invention combines good machinability, as well as high resistance to relaxation. In particular in relation to lead (Pb) it was found that by adding a maximum of 0.1%, the machinability does not improve. In the case of the addition of lead, the risk of hot cracks due to accumulation of molten lead on the grain edges of the crystals is higher. This should be mentioned, since in the case of copper-based materials known in the current state of the art, the improvement in machinability is generally attributed to the addition of lead (Pb) in the form of metal.

Phosphorus (P) forms with iron (Fe) segregations of iron phosphide. Iron (Fe) generally serves to increase the corrosion resistance of the copper alloy.

With the addition of sulfur and optionally manganese (Mn) and / or tellurium (Te) within the limits given, it is caused in the alloy according to the invention, that the machinability also improves without the addition of lead (Pb), forming breaker phases of chip

Manganese (Mn) acts to improve resistance and serves as a deoxidizing agent within the copper alloy. In addition to this, by means of manganese (Mn) the grain of the copper alloy can be refined.

Sulfur (S) improves the machinability of the copper material. With manganese (Mn) the formation of sulfur phases with other alloy elements is prevented or decreased.

Together with the machinability, as well as with the improved resistance to relaxation, the copper alloy according to the invention has a good electrical conductivity which, according to the composition investigated, reaches up to 52 MS / m for CuFe 0.02PS.

Other advantageous developments of the idea of the invention are the subject of dependent claims 2 to 6.

Accordingly, of the alloy components of the preceding group, as regards zinc (Zn) and tin (Sn), provided that they are added as alloy components they can be contained in a range of respectively 0.01 -2 , 50% by weight.

In addition to this, portions of aluminum (Al), boron (B), chromium (Cr), magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag) and zirconium (Zr) may be present in proportions of respectively 0.01% -0.5 % in weigh

Phosphorus (P) and boron (B) have the property of acting against hydrogen disease. By the addition of phosphorus (P) and possibly boron (B), the oxygen dissolved in the solid copper solution is attached to these alloy elements. In the case of capturing hydrogen, water vapor cannot form in the material that loosens the consistency of the structure. Phosphorus (P) and boron (B) function as deoxidizing agents.

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On the other hand, the addition of phosphorus (P) prevents the oxidation of some alloy elements. In addition, by adding phosphorus (P), the flow properties of the copper alloy in the laundry can also be improved.

By adding aluminum (Al) according to the invention, the hardness of the copper material and its elastic limit can be increased without a decrease in toughness. In the case of aluminum (Al), it is an alloy element by means of which mechanical strength can be improved, as well as the machinability and wear resistance of the copper alloy at high temperatures. On the other hand, this is also valid for the improvement of the oxidation resistance of the copper alloy.

The addition of chromium (Cr) and magnesium (Mg) also serves to improve the oxidation resistance of the copper alloy at high temperatures. In this regard, particularly good results are observed, when chromium (Cr) and magnesium (Mg) are also added as an alloy in combination with aluminum (Al). In this way an advantageous synergistic effect of these components can be achieved.

Zirconium (Zr) can improve the hot forming capacity of the copper material according to the invention.

In particular, in the case of at least partial tinning of the copper alloy, it is proposed to add as a alloy a proportion of zinc (Zn) in a range of 0.01-2.50%. Zinc (Zn) improves the adhesion of tin plating, respectively it improves stability against the tendency of tin plating to peel off.

Furthermore, by hardening (Sn) the hardening of the solid solution of the copper alloy according to the invention can be increased.

Sulfur (S) and tellurium (Te) as chip breakers can preferably be combined with manganese (Mn). Sulfur and manganese form manganese sulphides, which increase the machinability compared to copper sulphides.

In the following, particularly preferred compositions are indicated in relation to the phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), manganese (Mn) and tellurium (Te) alloy elements, and the other copper elements may also be contained in the copper alloy alloy indicated in claim 1. The remainder consists of copper and impurities conditioned by the fusion:

TO)

B)

C)

 Iron (faith)

 0.07-3.50

 Phosphorus (P)

 0.015 -0.40

 Sulfur (S)

 0.15 -0.70

 from the following group:

 Manganese (Mn)

 0.03 -0.75

 Teluro (Te)

 0.05 -0.90

 Iron (faith)

 0.20-3.20

 Phosphorus (P)

 0.017 -0.30

 Sulfur (S)

 0.20 -0.62

 from the following group:

 Manganese (Mn)

 0.05-0.70

 Teluro (Te)

 0.20 -0.80

 Iron (faith)

 0.40 -3.00

 Phosphorus (P)

 0.022-0.20

 Sulfur (S)

 0.25 -0.57

and at least one element of the following group:

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 D)

 Manganese (Mn) 0.08 -0.55 Teluro (Te) 0.30 -0.70 Iron (Fe) 0.75 -2.60 Phosphorus (P) 0.025 -0.15 Sulfur (S) 0.30 - 0.50

and at least one element of the following group:

Manganese (Mn) 0.10-0.40

Teluro (Te) 0.40 - 0.60

Next, with the aid of the images represented in the figures, as well as the tables, the present invention will be clarified in greater detail, in particular as regards the delimitation against the current state of the art. These show:

 Figure 1

 Stahl-Eisen-Prüfblatt (Iron-Steel Test Sheet) (SEP) 1178-90 for the analogous prosecution of the copper alloy chip shape classes according to the invention:

 Figure 2

 Results of the tests with copper alloys CuSP, CuTeP and CuSMn with a view to the chip-shaped classes by mechanization in the form of external longitudinal turning, varying the cutting speed;

 Figure 3

 The results of the tests with the materials of Figure 2 in relation to the chip-shaped classes, varying the depth of cut;

 Figure 4

 The results of the chip shape classes of Figures 2 and 3 depending on the corresponding advance in the mechanization;

 Figure 5

 A tabulated overview of the material properties of each of the copper alloys known in the current state of the art, with a copper alloy according to the invention;

 Figure 6

 A micrograph of the metallographic structure of the known CuSP copper alloy according to the current state of the art;

 Figure 7

 A micrograph of the metallographic structure of the well-known CuTeP copper alloy according to the current state of the art;

 Figure 8

 Another micrograph of the metallographic structure of the well-known CuSMn copper alloy according to the current state of the art;

 Figure 9

 A micrograph of the metallographic structure of the known copper alloy CuFe0,1P according to the current state of the art;

 Figure 10

 A reproduction of the chip shape resulting from the machining of the copper alloy of Figure 9 known according to the current state of the art;

 Figure 11

 A micrograph of the metallographic structure of a CuFe0.1PS copper alloy according to the invention;

 Figure 12

 A reproduction of the shape of the chip resulting from the machining of the copper alloy according to the invention of Figure 11:

 Figure 13

 Diagram of the variation of the Fe and P content for constant content of the chip breakers S or S + Mn and / or Te, and

 Figure 14

 Diagram of the variation of the contents of the chip breakers S or S + Mn and / or Te for constant content of the base elements Fe and P.

In order to clarify the positive properties and differences of the copper alloy according to the invention compared to the copper alloy known according to the current state of the art, they were studied in greater detail first

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place a group of known copper alloys present CuSP (CW114C), CuTeP (CW118C, C14500) and CuSMn (C14750).

Figure 1 shows a Stahl-Eisen-Prüfblatt (Iron and Steel Test Sheet) 1178-90 to analogically refer to the shapes of the chips resulting from the machining with chip removal to the present studied group.

The resulting chip table was divided in this case into a chip form of a total of eight classes (1-8), as seen in the first column on the left, next to the chips represented schematically. Each of the chip figures has been awarded the appropriate terminologies corresponding to their shape, which range from "tape chips" to "shredded chips."

The volume index R of the chip is indicated in the column to the right next to the chip shape classes, which indicates the relationship between the space required for an amount of untidy chip (Vvir) and the volume of the chip material. the same amount of chip (V). An index of volume R of small chips makes it possible to deduce small chips, which, in correspondence with their volumetric form, occupy little space. Therefore, handling these is clearly easier compared to large chips. In contrast to this, a large chip R volume index allows a large need for chip site to be deduced, so its handling is clearly more difficult because of its large volume.

The chip shape classes and the corresponding R volume indexes of the chips are exposed for examination in the column to the right of Figure 1, the shape classes of chip 7 and 8 being qualified as "usable." its respective volume index R of the chip, while the shape classes of chip 5 and 6, in combination with their respective volume indexes R of the chip, have been judged to be "good." On the contrary, the remaining types of chip form from 1 to 4 in relation to their corresponding volume index of chip R, have been visibly classified as "unfavorable", presenting in the case of chip form classes 3 and 4 a transition that runs towards “good”.

Figure 2 shows the results of the mechanization of the tested groups of the known copper alloys in relation to the chip-shaped classes in the case of the external longitudinal turning of a piece composed of them.

The results presented with Figure 2 are based on a constant 1.5 mm ap penetration and 0.2 mm f advance. The corresponding cutting speed vc was varied in this case from 450 m / min (vci) to 150 m / min (vc2). As can be seen, the results of the corresponding chip form classes of the group materials (CuSP, CuTeP and CuSMn) are all between 3 and 5. The resulting chip figures in each case are also represented schematically in the present table. To explain it better, these have been assigned in each case as a reference a unit stroke for 20 mm, in order to better estimate the results in the form that the chip sizes have adopted in the test.

Figure 3 shows the results of other steps of the mechanization of the group of Figure 2. In this case, for a cutting speed vc of 450 m / min that remained constant the corresponding depth of cut (ap-i) of 1.5 mm to 0.75 mm (ap2). As was seen in the previous test and in terms of its visible results in Figure 2, a constant advance of f = 0.2 mm was also maintained in this case.

From figure 3 it follows that the variation of the depth of cut (ap) in particular in the case of CuSP and CuTeP materials results in a variation of the kind of chip shape, where an increase in the depth of cut ap manifests itself in a worsening of the chip form class. Faced with this, the CuSMn chip shape class remains constant during the variation of the cutting depth ap as was also the case for the variation of the cutting speed vc (see Figure 2).

As can be seen, the chip shape class, in particular of the CuSMn copper alloy, therefore remains constant in the areas present in each case, both in the case of the variation of the cutting speed, as well as in the case of the variation of the depth of cut.

In addition, the group of copper alloys studied also moves in the variation of the depth of cut ap in a range of classes of chip shape from 3 to 5.

Figure 4 shows the result of the variation of the advance f in its effect on the kind of chip shape of each copper alloy of the studied group. As can be seen, as a whole, the chip shape class of the group worsens with decreasing f advance. As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3, in the case of 0.2 mm f advance, on the contrary, the three copper alloys of the test group are close together. Only CuSMn copper alloy improves its chip shape class with increasing f advance, which was tested in the present case up to 0.3 mm. The chip forms that resulted in each case can also be seen from the figures represented schematically in combination with the present table.

The results thus obtained and represented in Figures 2 to 4 were then compared with the results of the investigation of the present copper alloy according to the invention.

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The well-known copper alloy CuZn39Pb3 was used as a reference value, which in particular in Germany is the main alloy for machining with chip removal. Said copper alloy is everywhere application where there is great interest in a shaping with chip formation, as well as with chip removal. In relation to the present CuZn39Pb3 copper alloy used as a reference, its machinability is taken with a machinability index of 100%.

Against this, the pure copper material reaches a machinability index of 20% up to a maximum of 30%. In the case of these types of copper, these are low-alloy and precipitation hardening copper materials, which do not contain chip-breaking elements such as sulfur (S), tellurium (Te), as well as sulfur (s) and manganese ( Mn), as well as lead (Pb).

Between these two copper materials, the present studied group is ordered so that CuSP has a machinability index of 70%, while CuTeP has a machinability index of 80%. Finally, CuSMn reaches with 90% the highest machinability index of the group.

In this regard, Figure 5 shows a tabulated confrontation of the materials contained therein in relation to the properties of the material.

Together with the materials exposed to each other in the column completely to the left, in their case, their corresponding magnitudes of other investigations can be deduced in each case, starting with the elongation limit of 0.2% Rp0.2. To its right is the tensile strength Rm as well as the elongation at break A.

In the next column on the right the corresponding Brinell hardness (HBW) is indicated and in the next column on the right of it the conductivity of each of the materials. The last two columns placed completely to the right show qualitative relaxation in the first place, as well as machinability in the form of the machinability index in%.

The table in Figure 5 is constructed in such a way that it reflects the approximate production costs of each of the indicated materials, starting at the top with the most valuable material.

The table shows the copper alloy according to the invention with the orders of magnitude indicated therein of each of its alloy components, specifically CuFe0,1PS0,35 and CuFe2PS0,35.

As can be seen, the copper alloy CuFe0,1PS0,35 presents, in direct comparison with materials alloyed only with chip breakers (CuSP, CuTeP and CuSMn), an elongation limit 0.2%, as well as an Rm resistance, adjusted here somewhat lower. The elongation of rupture is with 17%, and the relaxation is with “or” better against CuSP, CuTeP and CuSMn. The CuFe2PS0,35 alloy has better mechanical characteristics and greater resistance to relaxation, which is noted in the table with “+”.

The materials CuFe0,1P and CuFe2P comparable to those of the invention respectively have a similar good resistance to relaxation, however, on the contrary, they have a clearly worse machinability of only 20 respectively 25% compared to the copper alloy according to the invention CuFe0,1PS and CuFe2PS.

Surprising in this case is that the materials indicated in the first four lines, although they have a similar good machinability index and with 100% in the case of CuZn39Pb3 respectively higher, however compared to the CuFePS0.35 of the invention are clearly inferior in its corresponding resistance to relaxation.

The present values included for the corresponding index of chip removal of the materials known in the current state of the art were taken in part from the informative form i18 of the German Copper Institute “Guiding values for machining with copper chip removal and copper alloys. "

The determination of the characteristic mechanical values for this table was carried out according to DIN ISO 6892-1. In this case, the corresponding shape of the specimen corresponded to form A according to DIN 50125. The corresponding conductivity was determined with a Sigmatester of the company name Forster. The corresponding behavior against relaxation was extrapolated with the help of internal measurements of familiar materials, which, of course, compared to the copper alloy according to the invention did not contain any type of chip breaker.

Figures 6 to 9 respectively show a micrograph of the microstructures of each of the copper materials of the groups that form the basis of the investigations.

Figure 6 shows in this case the CuSP material with its distribution of chip breaker elements. Its microstructure shows copper sulphides that are partly close together and are represented in dark respectively, which in this case serve as chip breakers.

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Against this, Figure 7 shows the CuTeP material, which in its microstructure contains as copper telluride chip breakers represented in dark. These are located in their order in most cases by isolation and away from each other.

Figure 8 shows the structure of the CuSMn material, which contains manganese sulphides as chip breakers. As can be seen from the results of figures 2 to 4 and from line four of the table in figure 5, CuSMn has a high machinability index with a generally good chip shape class, which is attributable to the homogeneous distribution of its appreciable chip breaker in figure 8.

For comparison, Figure 9 shows the microstructure visible by acid attack of the standard CuFe0.1P (C19210) material without chip breaker phases.

Next to the solid copper solution, iron phosphides are not visible under the optical microscope. Iron phosphides have no chip breaker effect. When machining the material, long unfavorable shavings are formed (figure 10), which can be rolled around the tool and can cause an automatic lathe to stop (parameters: vc = 100 m / min, f = 0.1 mm, ap = 1.0 mm)

Figure 11 shows the microstructure of the material according to the invention CuFe0,1PS0,35. This also presents as a copper sulphide chip breaker. As can be seen, it has a good distribution of its chip breaker similar to that shown in Figure 8 for the CuSMn copper material, which is shown in good machinability.

Its finish was based on continuous casting, with a pressing of a diameter of 273 mm to a diameter of 28 mm. The finish also contained a stretch with a diameter of 28 mm to a diameter of 24 mm. Then, an annealing of recrystallization took place at 540 ° C for 4 hours at ambient air, and another conformation.

Figure 12 shows the shape of the chip after machining the copper material according to the invention CuFe0,1PS0,35. With the aid of the shape of the structure of Figure 11 and the chip shape class of the present material CuFe0,1PS0,35 compared to the tests in the preceding materials CuSP, CuTeP and CuSMn, an index of machinability of at least 70% (chip class 3 - 6 according to SED1178-90, for vc = 100 m / min, f = 0.1 mm, ap = 1.0 mm).

Therefore, the corresponding combinations of properties of copper alloys for machining by chip removal according to the invention can be deduced according to the requirements profile. A special feature of copper alloy is that machinability is possible with conventional finishing and machining machines. Advantageously, the copper alloy according to the invention has both a sufficient cold formability and a very good hot formability.

The invention is also directed to the use of a copper alloy of this class for the manufacture of a product to be finished by machining by chip removal according to claim 7.

In addition, the invention, according to claim 8, is directed to the use of a copper alloy of this class also for the manufacture of a semi-finished product not machinable by chip start machining. In this case, it may be in particular a rolling, pressing, stretching, forging or casting product. For example, bars and wires of pressing and stretching sequences can be supplied as semi-finished products.

From the bars and wires, through a machining with chip removal, the following products can be manufactured, for example: plug-in contacts, clamping sheaths, stapled joints, nails with drilled rod, engine parts, screws, pins fixing, clamps, welding nozzles, flame cutting nozzles, valves, "fittings", nuts, fittings, contact tubes, contact pins.

Figure 13 shows a diagram for the variation of the content of P and the content of Fe for a constant content of chip breaker So S + Mn and / or of Te, and figure 14 shows a diagram for the variation of the content of breaker of chip S or S + Mn for a constant content of the base elements Fe and P.

From there the mutual interactions of the alloy elements can be extracted.

Claims (7)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 Four. Five fifty 55 1. Copper alloy, with proportions in% by weight of: Iron (Fe) 0.07 -4.00 Phosphorus (P) 0.015-0.50 Sulfur (S) 0.10-0.80 wherein the alloy is free of beryllium (Be) and lead (Pb), and arbitrarily contains:

 Aluminum (Al)

 maximum 0.50

 Chrome (Cr)

 maximum 0.50

 Magnesium (Mg)

 maximum 0.50

 Zirconium (Zr)

 maximum 0.50

 Zinc (Zn)

 maximum 2.50

 Tin (Sn)

 maximum 2.50

 Boron (B)

 maximum 0.50

 Silver (Ag)

 maximum 0.50

 Manganese (Mn)

 0.01 -0.80

 Teluro (Te)

 0.10 -1.00

the rest copper (Cu) and impurities conditioned by the fusion. 2. Copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that it arbitrarily contains at least one of the following alloy elements with the following proportions in% by weight:

 Aluminum (Al)

 0.01 -0.50

 Chrome (Cr)

 0.01-0.50

 Magnesium (Mg)

 0.01-0.50

 Zirconium (Zr)

 0.01-0.50

 Zinc (Zn)

 0.01 - 2.50

 Tin (Sn)

 0.01 - 2.50

 Boron (B)

 0.01-0.50

 Silver (Ag)

 0.01-0.50

3. Copper alloy according to claim 1 or 2; weight: Iron (faith) Phosphorus (P) Sulfur (S) characterized by the following proportions in% in 0.07 -3.50 0.015 -0.40 0.15 -0.70 and at least one element of the following group: Manganese (Mn) 0.03 - 0.75 Teluro (Te) 0.05 -0.90 4. Copper alloy according to claim 1 or 2; weight: Iron (faith) Phosphorus (P) Sulfur (S) and at least one element of the following group: Manganese (Mn) Teluro (Te) characterized by the following proportions in% in 0.20 -3.20 0.017 -0.30 0.20 -0.62 0.05 -0.70 0.20 -0.80 5. Copper alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the following weight: Iron (Fe) 0.40 -3.00 Phosphorus (P) 0.022 - 0.20 Sulfur (S) 0.25 - 0.57 proportions in% in and at least one element of the following group: Manganese (Mn) 0.08 - 0.55 Teluro (Te) 0.30 -0.70 6. Copper alloy according to claim 1 or 2, weight: Iron (faith) Phosphorus (P) Sulfur (S) and at least one element of the following group: Manganese (Mn) Teluro (Te) characterized by the following proportions in% in 0.75 -2.60 0.025 -0.15 0.30 -0.50 0.10 -0.40 0.40 -0.60 Use of a copper alloy according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6 for the preparation of a product to be finished by machining with chip removal. 8. Use of a copper alloy according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6 for the preparation of a semiproduct to be finished by machining without chip removal, especially in the form of a rolled, pressed, stretched, forged or cast product.