FI64644C - Foerfarande foer rostning och klorering av finfoerdelade jaernmalmer och/eller -koncentrat innehaollande icke-jaernmetaller - Google Patents

Foerfarande foer rostning och klorering av finfoerdelade jaernmalmer och/eller -koncentrat innehaollande icke-jaernmetaller Download PDF

Info

Publication number: FI64644C
Authority: FI; Finland
Prior art keywords: och; chlorination; melt; ferrous; concentrate
Prior art date: 1978-05-11

Application number

FI781493A

Other languages

English (en)

Finnish (fi)

Other versions

FI64644B (fi

FI781493A7 (fi

Inventor

Olavi August Aaltonen

Juho Kaarlo Maekinen

Original Assignee

Outokumpu Oy

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1978-05-11

Filing date

1978-05-11

Publication date

1983-12-12

1978-05-11 Application filed by Outokumpu Oy filed Critical Outokumpu Oy

1978-05-11 Priority to FI781493A priority Critical patent/FI64644C/fi

1979-04-26 Priority to GR58970A priority patent/GR64863B/el

1979-04-30 Priority to PT69561A priority patent/PT69561A/pt

1979-05-04 Priority to US06/035,850 priority patent/US4259106A/en

1979-05-07 Priority to DE2918316A priority patent/DE2918316C2/de

1979-05-08 Priority to CA327,159A priority patent/CA1125031A/fr

1979-05-08 Priority to ES480365A priority patent/ES480365A1/es

1979-05-09 Priority to IT48982/79A priority patent/IT1162315B/it

1979-05-10 Priority to SE7904132A priority patent/SE437535B/sv

1979-05-10 Priority to MX178829A priority patent/MX153286A/es

1979-05-11 Priority to JP5713379A priority patent/JPS54147103A/ja

1979-11-12 Publication of FI781493A7 publication Critical patent/FI781493A7/fi

1983-08-31 Publication of FI64644B publication Critical patent/FI64644B/fi

1983-12-12 Application granted granted Critical

1983-12-12 Publication of FI64644C publication Critical patent/FI64644C/fi

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
-1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 8
229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 36
XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 17
238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 11
239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 11
239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 9
239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 9
239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 9
229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 8
229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 7
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 2
229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 2
LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 2
239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
229910002974 CaO–SiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000001495 arsenic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229940093920 gynecological arsenic compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
- C22B5/14—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases fluidised material
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/08—Chloridising roasting

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
Geology (AREA)
General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

FI781493A 1978-05-11 1978-05-11 Foerfarande foer rostning och klorering av finfoerdelade jaernmalmer och/eller -koncentrat innehaollande icke-jaernmetaller FI64644C (fi)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FI781493A FI64644C (fi)	1978-05-11	1978-05-11	Foerfarande foer rostning och klorering av finfoerdelade jaernmalmer och/eller -koncentrat innehaollande icke-jaernmetaller
GR58970A GR64863B (en)	1978-05-11	1979-04-26	Process for the roosting and chlorination of finely-divided iron ores and/or concentrates containing non-ferrous metals
PT69561A PT69561A (en)	1978-05-11	1979-04-30	Process for the roasting and chlorination of finely-divided iron ores and/or concentrates containing non-ferrous metals
US06/035,850 US4259106A (en)	1978-05-11	1979-05-04	Process for the roasting and chlorination of finely-divided iron ores and concentrates containing non-ferrous metals
DE2918316A DE2918316C2 (de)	1978-05-11	1979-05-07	Verfahren zum Rösten und Chlorieren feinkörniger nichteisenmetallhaltiger Eisenerze und/oder -konzentrate
ES480365A ES480365A1 (es)	1978-05-11	1979-05-08	Procedimiento para el tostado y clorinacion de minerales de hierro pulverizado y-o concentrados que contengan metales noferrosos.
CA327,159A CA1125031A (fr)	1978-05-11	1979-05-08	Methode de calcination et de chloration des fines de minerai de fer et (ou) de concentres contenant des metaux non ferreux
IT48982/79A IT1162315B (it)	1978-05-11	1979-05-09	Procedimento ed impianto per arrostire e clorurare minerali o concentrati ferrosi contenenti metalli non ferrosi
SE7904132A SE437535B (sv)	1978-05-11	1979-05-10	Forfarande for rostning och klorering av finfordelade jernmalmer och/eller- koncentrat innehallande icke-jernmetaller
MX178829A MX153286A (es)	1978-05-11	1979-05-10	Mejoras en metodo para tratar minerales y concentralos de hierro finamente divididos que contienen metales no ferrosos
JP5713379A JPS54147103A (en)	1978-05-11	1979-05-11	Baking and chlorinating of finely divided iron ore and * or refined ore containing nonnferrous metal

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FI781493		1978-05-11
FI781493A FI64644C (fi)	1978-05-11	1978-05-11	Foerfarande foer rostning och klorering av finfoerdelade jaernmalmer och/eller -koncentrat innehaollande icke-jaernmetaller

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
FI781493A7 FI781493A7 (fi)	1979-11-12
FI64644B FI64644B (fi)	1983-08-31
FI64644C true FI64644C (fi)	1983-12-12

Family

ID=8511698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
FI781493A FI64644C (fi)	1978-05-11	1978-05-11	Foerfarande foer rostning och klorering av finfoerdelade jaernmalmer och/eller -koncentrat innehaollande icke-jaernmetaller

Country Status (11)

Country	Link
US (1)	US4259106A (fr)
JP (1)	JPS54147103A (fr)
CA (1)	CA1125031A (fr)
DE (1)	DE2918316C2 (fr)
ES (1)	ES480365A1 (fr)
FI (1)	FI64644C (fr)
GR (1)	GR64863B (fr)
IT (1)	IT1162315B (fr)
MX (1)	MX153286A (fr)
PT (1)	PT69561A (fr)
SE (1)	SE437535B (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB8518746D0 (en) *	1985-07-24	1985-08-29	Fray D J	Zinc recovery
JPH0571459U (ja) *	1992-03-03	1993-09-28	日産ディーゼル工業株式会社	クラッチ冷却装置
US5814164A (en) *	1994-11-09	1998-09-29	American Scientific Materials Technologies L.P.	Thin-walled, monolithic iron oxide structures made from steels, and methods for manufacturing such structures
RU2115749C1 (ru) *	1997-06-24	1998-07-20	Институт новых химических проблем РАН	Способ переработки оловосодержащих шлаков
US6090353A (en) *	1998-04-01	2000-07-18	Svedala Industries, Inc.	Method of removing impurities from mineral concentrates
US6409978B1 (en)	1998-04-01	2002-06-25	Svedala Industries, Inc.	Method of removing impurities from mineral concentrates
US6461562B1 (en)	1999-02-17	2002-10-08	American Scientific Materials Technologies, Lp	Methods of making sintered metal oxide articles
KR100896607B1 (ko) *	2001-10-03	2009-05-08	유미코르	아연 함유 물질로부터 염화아연을 제조하는 방법
US9315382B2 (en) *	2006-03-23	2016-04-19	Keystone Metals Recovery Inc.	Metal chlorides and metals obtained from metal oxide containing materials
RU2469114C1 (ru) *	2011-03-29	2012-12-10	Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Институт Гипроникель"	Способ переработки оловосодержащих материалов
CA2912314C (fr) *	2013-05-17	2016-12-20	Blucher Gmbh	Procede et installation pour la production de fer a partir de cendres de pyrite
WO2014183807A1 (fr)	2013-05-17	2014-11-20	BLüCHER GMBH	Procédé et installation de traitement de cendres de pyrite
WO2018091361A1 (fr)	2016-11-15	2018-05-24	Tcm Research Ltd.	Procédés d'extraction à partir de minerais réfractaires
CN113430365A (zh) *	2021-07-12	2021-09-24	山东国大黄金股份有限公司	一种利用硫铁矿焙烧处理含氰废渣回收铁精矿的方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
NL6708794A (fr) *	1966-06-30	1968-01-02
NL6714016A (fr) *	1966-10-21	1968-04-22
SE352657B (fr) *	1968-07-26	1973-01-08	Montedison Spa
DE1906380A1 (de) *	1969-02-08	1970-09-03	Duisburger Kupferhuette	Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Eisen bzw.Stahl aus Eisenerzen mittels Direktreduktionsverfahren
US3776533A (en) *	1970-01-28	1973-12-04	Dravo Corp	Apparatus for continuous heat processing of ore pellets
US4113470A (en) *	1974-07-05	1978-09-12	Outokumpu Oy	Process for suspension smelting of finely-divided sulfidic and/or oxidic ores or concentrates
US4092152A (en) *	1975-05-12	1978-05-30	The International Nickel Company, Inc.	Volatilization of impurities from smelter reverts

1978
- 1978-05-11 FI FI781493A patent/FI64644C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
1979
- 1979-04-26 GR GR58970A patent/GR64863B/el unknown
- 1979-04-30 PT PT69561A patent/PT69561A/pt unknown
- 1979-05-04 US US06/035,850 patent/US4259106A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1979-05-07 DE DE2918316A patent/DE2918316C2/de not_active Expired
- 1979-05-08 ES ES480365A patent/ES480365A1/es not_active Expired
- 1979-05-08 CA CA327,159A patent/CA1125031A/fr not_active Expired
- 1979-05-09 IT IT48982/79A patent/IT1162315B/it active
- 1979-05-10 SE SE7904132A patent/SE437535B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-05-10 MX MX178829A patent/MX153286A/es unknown
- 1979-05-11 JP JP5713379A patent/JPS54147103A/ja active Granted

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
IT1162315B (it)	1987-03-25
FI64644B (fi)	1983-08-31
ES480365A1 (es)	1979-12-01
DE2918316C2 (de)	1983-10-06
IT7948982A0 (it)	1979-05-09
GR64863B (en)	1980-06-05
JPS54147103A (en)	1979-11-17
SE437535B (sv)	1985-03-04
PT69561A (en)	1979-05-01
CA1125031A (fr)	1982-06-08
FI781493A7 (fi)	1979-11-12
SE7904132L (sv)	1979-11-12
MX153286A (es)	1986-09-11
JPS5733327B2 (fr)	1982-07-16
DE2918316A1 (de)	1979-11-15
US4259106A (en)	1981-03-31

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
2004-08-31	MM	Patent lapsed	Owner name: OUTOKUMPU OY

Publication	Publication Date	Title
FI64644B (fi)	1983-08-31	Foerfarande foer rostning och klorering av finfoerdelade jaernmalmer och/eller -koncentrat innehaollande ickejaernmetaller
US4588436A (en)	1986-05-13	Method of recovering metals from liquid slag
Sohn et al.	2024	Lead and zinc production
Shamsuddin et al.	2019	Constitutive Topics in Physical Chemistry of High-Temperature Nonferrous Metallurgy—A Review: Part 1. Sulfide Roasting and Smelting: Shamsuddin and Sohn
CN115066390A (zh)	2022-09-16	从铜精矿中生产铜金属而不产生废物的方法
RU2109077C1 (ru)	1998-04-20	Способ обработки сульфида цинка или других цинксодержащих материалов, способ частичного окисления материалов, содержащих оксид цинка, сульфид цинка и сульфид железа, способ обработки исходного материала, содержащего сульфид цинка и сульфид железа
KR100322393B1 (ko)	2002-05-13	적어도부분적으로건식야금법에의해정련된니켈함유원료로부터의고등급니켈매트의제조방법
Taylor et al.	2014	Pyrometallurgical processing technologies for treating high arsenic copper concentrates
US4135912A (en)	1979-01-23	Electric smelting of lead sulphate residues
WO1995031577A1 (fr)	1995-11-23	Procede de recuperation d'or et d'argent dans des minerais complexes et des concentres de pyrite et d'arsenopyrite
Melcher et al.	1976	The KIVCET cyclone smelting process for impure copper concentrates
US4465512A (en)	1984-08-14	Procedure for producing lead bullion from sulphide concentrate
US4326884A (en)	1982-04-27	Process for obtaining metal values from ores containing such metals as oxides or convertible into such oxides
US4421552A (en)	1983-12-20	Dead roast-oxide flash reduction process for copper concentrates
US4113470A (en)	1978-09-12	Process for suspension smelting of finely-divided sulfidic and/or oxidic ores or concentrates
Nermes et al.	1982	Flash smelting of lead concentrates
US4514222A (en)	1985-04-30	High intensity lead smelting process
US3773494A (en)	1973-11-20	Smelting of copper sulphide concentrates with ferrous sulphate
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