IL35338A - Pericortical dental implant and inserter therefor - Google Patents

Description

Pericortical dental and inserter Arnold Sampson Invento ARNOLD IMPLANT AND INSERTER THEREFOR This invention relates broadly to dental prosthetic and more particularly to a pericortical dental implant and an inserting tool The pericortical dental impla is in the form of a clamping device specifically adapted for attachment to either the mandible or maxilla wherein the clamp may be securely fastened to the bone structure to serve as a permanent bas for th eception and mounting of an artificial tooth or i conjunction with other clamps to mount a partial full In the field o ultimate is to provide one or more teet mounted within mouth which will remain firm under the normal oral activities of the and which will appear natural to The use of full or partially removable dentures is the common approach with most edentulous or partially edentulous These dentures are not actually implanted but are merely to the and may be held thereon as by adhesiv or close interfitting the Many oral activities such as are frequently associated with eating of substances such as corn and sticky cand may denture to and inconvenience in proper denture hygiene are other common lodged by denture one or two teeth ar be is conventional to use a permanent bridge which consists of an artificial tooth supported b that are cemented to the healthy natural teet adjacent This bridge generall provides a reasonably firm support for the artificial however it usually requires the removal of portions of the adjacent healthy teeth in order to provide the necessary structure for supporting the anchoring inlays and is entirely desirable in all Due to problems arising utilization of dentures or experimentation and research have progres in recent years in regard to implanting of dental prosthet appliances the tissue of the so as to provide an anchor for The to replace missing dentition by various implant means has been practiced with fairly limite success for somewhat over one hundred Recent studies have indicated that there are presently over milli partially or completely edentulous people in the United States per cent of whom cannot utilize r or mandibular dentures with com or Studies also v indicate that in Great Britain there are over seventeen millio partially or completely edentulous people and a similar percentage who have problems with Due to discomfort of dentures in such many have not completely adapted to wearing these appliances and remain The presen invention overcomes the problems of denture fit and Art Implants Man implant methods have been utilized in the past and are presently being employed to replace missing either part or It was not until et in 1937 reported on the use of certain electropassive metals that were by human tissues that field of implant research was truly placed on a scientific Their work not only explained previous but also lead to th development of the present day metals which are biologically J Success of implants also enhanced by availability of antibiotics when used to prevent procedures Indications the use of implan areΪ of marked atrophy of the alveolus and cases in which dentures cannot be of painful cases of soft tissue hypertrophy and flabby ridge caused by denture irritations and cases with poor masticating The individual replacement of missing teeth metals such as silver and platinum is one of the oldest methods and these have failed primarily due to electrolytic reactions vihich develop when saliva in contact with the producing bone resorption and loosening of the implant implants in the form of have bee inserted directly beneath the These implants frequently loosen secondary in lammation and infection resulting in the loss of the retention of the dental Another method that has enjoyed only a marginal degree of success is the These implants in the form of nylon and acrylic resins are placed beneath the mucosa but above the The major problem with this type implant is the high frequency of foreign body reaction follcw b re ection of the im lanted This re ection Transosseous also these require hrough the bone and utilizing screw The required drilling through the bone in method often produces an postsurgical response and accompanying bone resorption which may lead to the mobility of the implant when the same is subjected to the high stress of and consequently the following loss of the limited of success has been achieved by the use of Implants which have various The use of the of magnets has met little acceptance since the results have been Questionable of the fact that the magnetic field is somewhat diminished by the overlying tissue coupled with the necessity of preparing a bed in the bone for th reception of the magnet which sometimes is followed by foreign body reaction Here an incision Is made In the gum tissue and a magnetic Insert is placed within the tissue so as to be between the surface of the gum tissue and lower jaw bone after the incision is The artificial tooth is provided with a metallic plug cast therein which hold the tooth to the gum tissue due to the magnetic attraction exerted by the magnetic that has The intraosseous use of vent posts and vent blades requires that the same be driven into the bone and then severe pressures placed on the rapid dissolution of bone the followed mobility of the and possible of a of this form is shown in the Linkow patent September A final form of implant is the implant which is applied beneath the in the periosteum which rests o the bone without intraosseous While these implants with limited there factors which mitigate against total successful use Since these are dependent upon fibrous tissue to hold against the and since fibrous tissue possesses a degree of the net resul is mobility of the implant stress is thereafter followed by implants are in as much as the normal force will frequently prevent It is also in the maxilla because of the gross amount of bone present therein which will a mplant due to rapid resorp such cancellous a mandibular periosteal implant is inserted on a mandible which has not fully resorted to the implant will become mobile and fail secondary to resolution of the remaining bone which produces a space defect between the of implant and the periosteal implants usually required multiple surgical procedures initial surgery for exposure of the mandible and obtaining an impressions followed by a healing period of up to six then a surgical procedure consisting of of the mandible by implantation of the Objects of the Invention The of the instant invention herein disclosed obviates the difficulties the art methods disclosed The clamp provides a base which more effectively support a otal or partial dental A primary object of this invention is to provide mea for mounting a dental prosthetic replacement which means is in the form of a clamp adapted to be fastened securely to either Another object of the invention is void t disadvantages common in the prior ar of implantation by providing a clamping device that prevents any movement of the implant either torsional o and yet will not place undue pressure upon the bone Still another of this invention is to provide inserter construction specifically adapted to place the im lan on the mandi or maxilla of the atient in a Another object Invention is to provide an implant device be readily applied dental surgeon and which includes a device having two separate disengageable Another object of the inventio is to provide an implant devic formed of two a and an the latter being a tool to used in inserting and tightening the clamp on the bone and which is then disengaged leaving the implant clamp on the bone and about which th wound is Another object of the invention is to provide a fixed implant clam which can be applied with minimum surgical dissection o soft Still another object o the invention is to provide a fixed implant base whic can be to the Yet another object of the invention is to provide a dental implant device in relatively cheap to manufacture and which is safe and efficient at all times and which may be removed at a later if l 4 FIGURE 11 partial perspective of the front end portion o the inserter showing the manner which clamp secured FIGURE 12 is a perspective view similar Figure 11 showing the clam in place in the inserter with th halves thereof FIGURE is a perspective view similar to Figure 12 Showing the portions being brought Referrin to the drawings greater detail wherein like parts are represented by like reference the perlcortical dental implant of the present invention shown generally at and is formed in two the proxim half 11 and the distal half The clamp half portions are preferably formed from a biologically inert metal suitable for implantation in the human Stainless o a alloy commonly sold under trademark have been used as implant materials in recent years and would be acceptable for this particular Each clam includes an upright vertical having a planar inner The distal half 12 is provided with a pedestal 15 extending inwardly from the of the vertical wall and the pedestal has elongated grooves on the side surfaces The front pedestal is drilled and tapped as at The proximal clamp half 11 is formed with straddle arms 18 and extending therefrom in a distal half Each of the straddle are tapered to as at are on inne surfaces with a rounded elongated tongue 20 in Figure It will evident that the straddle arms of the proximal half will engage about the pedestal 15 of the half with the tongue portions 20 being received within the grooves As best seen in Figure each of the flat wall surfaces 13 and are provided with relatively sharp spikes proximal clamp half is formed with a smooth bore hole 22 adapted alignment the tapped hole 17 of the distal A screw serves to connect two clamp halves together in a selected position of engagement about a bone as shown Figure The screw 23 passes through the hole 22 and threaded engagement with the tapped hole in the distal half Another tapped hole placed centrally o the wall of the proximal half 11 for a purpose to be later A truncated conical mounting post 25 is secured centrally on the bottom face the pedestal 15 by means of a mounting screw Figure It villi be understood that if desired the mounting post could be formed integrally with the pedestal although in the preferred embodiment the same is removable since various configurations o posts could be used if For a square cross section post may be found desirable in An arti tooth structure may be cemented onto the mounting pos with the use of conventional dental other means for locking the tooth structure to the mounting post may employed suc as a resilient deten member within the recess of the artificial tooth adapted to snap into a groove provided on the surface of the mounting post The clamp 10 may be applied to either the mandible or maxilla of the patient and as shown in Figures 3 and 4 is placed on the mandible for mounting of an artificial tooth to take the place of a tooth that has been removed and is surrounded by natural The detailed procedure for placing of the clamp will be described later herein greater however generally the application requires surgical procedures in order to expose the mandible requires some scraping of the periosteum in order to provide intimat contact between the wall faces of the clamp and the bone The is pushed down so that the face o the pedestal is directly against the top surface of the bone and forces are applied to cause a tight gripping of the bone by the wall faces 13 and It will be noted that the spikes 21 will imbed themselves into the bone in order to provide a tight purchase and o prevent slippage of the The spikes are designed to be of a length as not to interfere or impinge upon the neurovascular bundle which through the mandible or After placement of the the restorative powers of the body cause rebuildin and growth of the tissues as shown in Figure the normal gum line G extend around and above the clamp BO as to completely cove The post may adjusted slightly the vertical direction after completion of the in order to proper correctio of the proper mating the teeth the opposite It is also contemplated that the clamp be fabricated various widths in order to two or even more mounting posts may be angled respect to the pedestal for areas such as the areas where curvature of the ridge crest may dictate such Such angled posts also be useful in achieving parallelism with a raesially or distally tilted tooth or implant Various combinations of one or more clamps may used fo proper mounting of complete When a completely edentulous mandible or maxilla is to be fitted with a at least four mounting posts are required for proper While the implant clamp 10 could be applied to the bone b hand and the 23 tightened with a conventional a novel inserting tool has been developed which greatly speeds application of the clamp and ί i This is a modification of the bone clamp application tool shown in ray earlier Patent improved inserter shown in Figures and 6 and is designated generally The various components of the inserter of stainless steel or other suitable metallic material easily be The inserter consists of a generally although slightly barrel 31 having a flat end from spring arms 32 and These arms may b part of a construction and due to their are resilient and may be biased outwardly at their free end in a described greater detail later The inner o o the spring arms is provided with or guide track for a portion of its length and terminating a front shoulder stop The barrel a through cutout and the interio of the barrel defined the cutout a rear wall 37 and a front wall The rear 37 is axially bored as at 39 and the front wall is bored at 40 to provid an opening coaxial with the opening 39 for reception of a holloa jack shaft The jack shaft is within the barrel and is retained axial with respect to the barrel by means of retaining clips and 3 received within annular grooves in the A knurled hand knob is secured to the rear end the Jack sha in orde to provide a convenient surface for manual rotation of the Th forward A screwdriver received within the axial bore of the jack shaft 4l may be slid forwardly and in an axial direction but is frictionally held in position by of a friction mounted within the jack shaft The rear end of the shaft of the screwdrive is provided with a hand knob 48 having a knurled surface and being slightly smaller diameter than the knob The forward end of the screwdriver is provided with a conventional blade configuration as shown at The end of the shaft having thereon is threadedly received in a jack nut 50 located between the spring arms 32 and 33 and has an upstanding front 51 mounted at the front end thereof which has parallel side portions that are engageable against the spring arms in order to prevent rotation of the jack A pusher plate is mounted between the spring arms and of the front flange of the jack nut and has guide shoulders 53 engageable on the top faces of the The pusher plate is mechanically connected to the front upstanding by means of a flexible braided cable which also serves as a retention means for retraction of the proximal half as later The braided cable is adapted to transmit rotation along its length and yet has a certain degree flexibility as shown in Figure A cutout 55 is provided in the barrel 31 in order to house the rear end of the cable which terminates a hand The forward end of the cable is with screw threaded portion 57 extending beyond the pusher plate and adapted for into the threaded tapped hole 24 of proximal clamp half A flat retainer is on the cable in to prevent retraction of the same through the upstanding front In orde to open and to retract the spring arms 32 and 33 for insertion and retention of the clamp means are provided on the lower portion of the inserter for mechanically forcing the spring arms into the dotted line clamp receiving position of Figure For this purpose screw shaft is mounted in the barrel parallel to the shaft l and is provided intermediate its ends with a thumb wheel 6l extending partially through the cutout portion of the barrel in order to be readily grasped by the thumb of the The shaft is retained in the barrel by means of flat retainer mounted on the shaft A push rod is mounted by means of a nut o the threaded end of the shaft and is located immediately below jack nut A pair of toggle links 65 and 66 are pivotally mounted to the forward end of the opening rod by means of a toggle link pin The opposite ends of the toggle links are pivoted to the spring arms by means of link pivot pins 68 in Figure It will be understood that rotation of the In this the clamp end inserter are placed over the bare bone portion previously prepared and is imparted to the hand knob in orde to jack nut and along therewith the half through action of the pusher plate 5 as shown in Figure Rotation is continued until time secure purchase is applied to the bone by the two clamp and wherein the will become engaged within the At this point the screw i inserted through the open end of the jack shaft and is followed by the screwdriver which as shown in 7 can be turned to insert the screw through the hole 22 of the proximal clamp half and become threadedly engaged in the tapped hole 17 in the distal half As soon as the screw is tightened to the desired the screwdrive is manually retracted and the turned to release the screw end from engagement with the proximal clamp half the knob 44 may be turned slightly to the jack nut and associated parts so that the thumb may be actuated to expand the spring arms into the dotted line position of Figure 9 so that inserter may be manually As an aid to rotation of the thumb a leverage assist pin hich is normally housed on the barrel as shown in Figures and 7 may be inserted into one of a plurality of pin receiving holes o the See Figures β and This pin additional leverage to be applied to the thumb After Insertion of the the mounting post 25 may be applied over the threaded portion 26 and the prosthetic is subsequently In a short period o time during natural healing gum tissue will completely cover the exposed portions of the clamp and there will usually be no necessity for ever removing the clamp from the While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of the it Is to be understood that the drawings and detailed disclosure are to be construed an Illustrative rathe than a limiting sense since various and substitutions of equivalents may be made by these skilled the art within the spirit and scope of the insufficientOCRQuality

Claims (1)

1. VJHAT I CLAIM AS MY INVENTION AND TO PROTECT BY LETTERS PATENT OP THE STATES A clamp to provide anchorage for artificial teeth and adapted for application to the mandible or comprising a pair of clamp each lialf having a relatively planar vertical means interconnects said clamp halves so that said walls are in adjustably spaced apart clamping relationship on either side of a and post means on one of said clamp halves for mounting an artificial A clamp as defined in claim said interconnecting means comprises a pedestal extending inwardly from one clamp half and pair of straddle arms extending inwardly from the other clamp lialf and adapted to about the sides of the A clamp as defined in claim wherein said post means is mounted on said A as defined in claim wherein said comprises a screw secured on said pedestal and ng post received on said A pericortical clamp as defined in claim and r including a plurality of bone engaging spikes mounted face of said vertical A clamp as defined in claim wherein said pedestal raddle arms are interconnected in slidably adjustable onship by a tongue and groove A clamp as defined in claim and further including able screw means for retaining a predetermined adjusted onship of said clamp An appliance and Inserter as defined in claim wherein expandable arms are spring members normall parallel to each other and means for expanding and contracting the c raprises a pair of toggle links corarnonly pivoted at one end to a pusher bar and having their opposite ends one of said and power for said pusher bar to expand said arm the reception of said clamp An appliance and inserter as defined in claim wherein said means comprises a screw shaft on said and nut with said sc jack shaf and in contact said one An appliance and inserter as defined in claim and further including screwdriver raeans on said inserter with said screw A applying a dental prosthetic appliance to either the or comprising the steps of stripping the periosteum from about the implant site on the placin a clamp over the bared bone tightening said clamp into firm bone and securing insufficientOCRQuality