IT1270230B - Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici - Google Patents
Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromaticiInfo
- Publication number
- IT1270230B IT1270230B ITMI941252A ITMI941252A IT1270230B IT 1270230 B IT1270230 B IT 1270230B IT MI941252 A ITMI941252 A IT MI941252A IT MI941252 A ITMI941252 A IT MI941252A IT 1270230 B IT1270230 B IT 1270230B
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- catalytic composition
- alkylation
- aromatic compounds
- porosity
- alkaline
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/7007—Zeolite Beta
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/54—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C2/64—Addition to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C2/66—Catalytic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C6/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions
- C07C6/08—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond
- C07C6/12—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C6/126—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring of more than one hydrocarbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/42—Addition of matrix or binder particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/633—Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/66—Pore distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups C07C2529/08 - C07C2529/65
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Viene descritta una composizione catalitica per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici costituita dalla zeolite Beta, tal quale o modificata mediante sostituzione isomorfa dell'alluminio con boro, ferro o gallio o mediante introduzione di metalli alcalini e/o alcalino - terrosi seguendo procedure di scambio ionico,e da un legante inorganico,in cui la porosità extrazeolite, cioè la porosità ottenuta sommando le frazioni di mesoporosità e macroporosità presenti nella composizione catalitica stessa, è tale da essere composta per una frazione di almeno il 25% da pori con raggio superiore a 100 A.
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI941252A IT1270230B (it) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici |
| DK95108610T DK0687500T3 (da) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-06 | Katalytisk sammensætning og fremgangsmåde til alkylering eller transalkylering af aromatiske forbindelser |
| DE69515142T DE69515142T2 (de) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-06 | Katalytische Zusammensetzung und Verfahren für die Alkylierung oder Transalkylierung von aromatischen Verbindungen |
| AT95108610T ATE189862T1 (de) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-06 | Katalytische zusammensetzung und verfahren für die alkylierung oder transalkylierung von aromatischen verbindungen |
| ES95108610T ES2142972T3 (es) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-06 | Composicion catalitica y procedimiento para la alquilacion o transalquilacion de compuestos aromaticos. |
| EP95108610A EP0687500B1 (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-06 | Catalytic composition and process for the alkylation or transalkylation of aromatic compounds |
| US08/478,831 US5811612A (en) | 1994-06-15 | 1995-06-07 | Catalytic composition and process for the alkylation or transalkylation of aromatic compounds |
| AU21652/95A AU2165295A (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-14 | Catalytic composition and process for the alkylation or transalkylation of aromatic compounds |
| CA002151889A CA2151889C (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-15 | Catalytic composition and process for the alkylation or transalkylation of aromatic compounds |
| RU95109451A RU2147929C1 (ru) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-15 | Каталитическая композиция для алкилирования ароматических соединений, способы их алкилирования и трансалкилирования |
| JP15064895A JP3805409B2 (ja) | 1994-06-16 | 1995-06-16 | 芳香族化合物のアルキル化またはアルキル交換方法及びそれに用いる触媒組成物 |
| US09/115,542 US6084143A (en) | 1994-06-16 | 1998-07-15 | Catalytic composition and process for the alkylation or transalkylation of aromatic compounds |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI941252A IT1270230B (it) | 1994-06-16 | 1994-06-16 | Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ITMI941252A0 ITMI941252A0 (it) | 1994-06-16 |
| ITMI941252A1 ITMI941252A1 (it) | 1995-12-16 |
| IT1270230B true IT1270230B (it) | 1997-04-29 |
Family
ID=11369120
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI941252A IT1270230B (it) | 1994-06-15 | 1994-06-16 | Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5811612A (it) |
| EP (1) | EP0687500B1 (it) |
| JP (1) | JP3805409B2 (it) |
| AT (1) | ATE189862T1 (it) |
| AU (1) | AU2165295A (it) |
| CA (1) | CA2151889C (it) |
| DE (1) | DE69515142T2 (it) |
| DK (1) | DK0687500T3 (it) |
| ES (1) | ES2142972T3 (it) |
| IT (1) | IT1270230B (it) |
| RU (1) | RU2147929C1 (it) |
Families Citing this family (44)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1270230B (it) * | 1994-06-16 | 1997-04-29 | Enichem Sintesi | Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici |
| WO1998003455A1 (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-01-29 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for preparing ethylbenzene |
| IT1290846B1 (it) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-12-14 | Enichem Spa | Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione e/o la transalchilazione di composti aromatici |
| CN1161448C (zh) | 1997-07-21 | 2004-08-11 | 普罗格特-甘布尔公司 | 含有通过亚乙烯烯烃制备的改进烷基芳基磺酸盐表面活性剂的清洗产品及其制备方法 |
| CA2297170C (en) | 1997-07-21 | 2003-04-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Improved alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants |
| KR100336937B1 (ko) | 1997-07-21 | 2002-05-25 | 데이비드 엠 모이어 | 결정성파괴된계면활성제의혼합물을함유하는세제조성물 |
| PH11998001775B1 (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 2004-02-11 | Procter & Gamble | Improved alkyl aryl sulfonate surfactants |
| ATE239681T1 (de) | 1997-07-21 | 2003-05-15 | Procter & Gamble | Verbessertes verfahren zur herstellung von alkylbenzolsulfonat-tensiden und daraus erhaltene produkte |
| HUP0003855A3 (en) | 1997-08-08 | 2001-11-28 | Procter & Gamble | Improved processes for making surfactants via adsorptive separation and products thereof |
| IT1299035B1 (it) * | 1998-04-07 | 2000-02-07 | Enichem Spa | Processo per la preparazione di composti aromatici monoalchilati |
| EP1022326A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2000-07-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Hard surface cleaning compositions comprising modified alkylbenzene sulfonates |
| EP1022325A3 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2003-01-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Hard surface cleaning compositions comprising modified alkylbenzene sulfonates |
| IT1313007B1 (it) * | 1999-07-13 | 2002-05-29 | Enichem Spa | Processso per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici in fase gas. |
| IT1313008B1 (it) | 1999-07-13 | 2002-05-29 | Enichem Spa | Processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici. |
| IT1313009B1 (it) * | 1999-07-13 | 2002-05-29 | Enichem Spa | Processo per la rigenerazione di catalizzatori zeolitici. |
| US7084087B2 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2006-08-01 | Abb Lummus Global Inc. | Zeolite composite, method for making and catalytic application thereof |
| US6814950B1 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2004-11-09 | Abb Lummus Global Inc. | Inorganic oxides with mesoporosity or combined meso-and microporosity and process for the preparation thereof |
| CN100509623C (zh) * | 1999-09-07 | 2009-07-08 | 代尔夫特科技大学 | 具有中孔或复合的中孔和微孔的无机氧化物及其制备方法 |
| DE10008924A1 (de) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-09-06 | Phenolchemie Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Phenol |
| US7371910B2 (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2008-05-13 | Lummus Technology Inc. | Process for benzene alkylation and transalkylation of polyalkylated aromatics over improved zeolite beta catalyst |
| JP2005511285A (ja) * | 2001-12-06 | 2005-04-28 | ダウ・グローバル・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテツド | ジイソプロピルベンゾールのトランスアルキル化用のゼオライト触媒 |
| ITMI20012707A1 (it) | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-20 | Enichem Spa | Processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici |
| GB2398749B (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2005-04-27 | Daicel Chem | Catalyst and process for the production of lower fatty acid esters |
| MY122928A (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2006-05-31 | Daicel Chem | Catalyst and process for the production of lower fatty acid esters |
| ITMI20022712A1 (it) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-21 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Composizione catalitica e processo per la transalchilazione di idrocarburi. |
| US7122496B2 (en) * | 2003-05-01 | 2006-10-17 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Para-xylene selective adsorbent compositions and methods |
| EP1479663A1 (en) * | 2003-05-17 | 2004-11-24 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Process for catalytic alkylation of monocyclic aromatic compounds and composition of use therein |
| US6872866B1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-03-29 | Uop Llc | Liquid phase process for C8 alkylaromatic isomerization |
| ITMI20041289A1 (it) | 2004-06-25 | 2004-09-25 | Enitecnologie Spa | Catalizzatore e processo per la preparazione di idrocarburi aromatici alchilati |
| GR1006855B (el) * | 2005-01-14 | 2010-07-06 | Σοφια Μπεθανη | Δομικα υλικα με χρηση αδρανων απο στερεα αποβλητα |
| US7780781B2 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2010-08-24 | Alkemy, Ltd. | Pyroprocessed aggregates comprising IBA and low calcium silicoaluminous materials and methods for producing such aggregates |
| US7655088B2 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2010-02-02 | Alkemy, Ltd. | Synthetic aggregates comprising sewage sludge and other waste materials and methods for producing such aggregates |
| RU2288034C1 (ru) * | 2005-10-14 | 2006-11-27 | Ирина Игоревна Иванова | Способ конверсии углеводородов, катализатор для его осуществления с микро-мезопористой структурой и способ приготовления катализатора |
| BRPI0621702B1 (pt) | 2006-05-08 | 2021-07-27 | Cepsa Química, S.A. | Método para obter compostos de monoalquil benzeno com uma cadeia alquílica tendo um tamanho de c10 a c20 por meio da transalquilação catalítica de compostos de dialquil benzeno, as cadeias alquílicas dos mesmos tendo um tamanho de c10 a c20 |
| RU2320631C1 (ru) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-03-27 | Ирина Игоревна Иванова | Способ диспропорционирования изопропилбензола с использованием катализатора с микромезопористой структурой |
| IT1392325B1 (it) | 2008-09-11 | 2012-02-28 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Processo per l'alchilazione di benzene con isopropanolo o miscele di isopropanolo e propilene |
| IT1392929B1 (it) | 2009-02-16 | 2012-04-02 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Processo integrato per la preparazione di etilbenzene e cumene |
| IT1394721B1 (it) | 2009-06-10 | 2012-07-13 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Processo per l'alchilazione di benzene con etanolo o miscele di etanolo ed etilene |
| IT1397886B1 (it) | 2009-12-23 | 2013-02-04 | Eni Spa | Procedimento per la produzione di componenti di carburanti per autotrazione. |
| IT1397885B1 (it) | 2009-12-23 | 2013-02-04 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Processo per preparare etilbenzene. |
| ITMI20111144A1 (it) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-12-24 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Procedimento per l'alchilazione di idrocarburi aromatici con olefine |
| ITMI20131704A1 (it) | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-16 | Versalis Spa | Composizione catalitica e processo che la utilizza per l'alchilazione di idrocarburi aromatici con alcoli, o miscele di alcoli e olefine |
| EP3060338A4 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2017-06-28 | Cool Planet Energy Systems, Inc. | Zeolite catalyst composition |
| CN115722256B (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2024-07-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种烷基化催化剂的制备方法、催化剂和应用 |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3308069A (en) | 1964-05-01 | 1967-03-07 | Mobil Oil Corp | Catalytic composition of a crystalline zeolite |
| IT1096596B (it) | 1978-06-22 | 1985-08-26 | Snam Progetti | Materiale sintetico a base di silice |
| DE3167118D1 (en) | 1980-12-19 | 1984-12-13 | Ici Plc | Zeolites |
| US4891458A (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1990-01-02 | Innes Robert A | Liquid phase alkylation or transalkylation process using zeolite beta |
| US4968405A (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1990-11-06 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Fluid catalytic cracking using catalysts containing monodispersed mesoporous matrices |
| ES2007545A6 (es) * | 1988-08-03 | 1989-06-16 | Petroquimica Espanola S A Petr | Proceso de alquilacion catalitica en lecho fijo de hidrocarburos aromaticos. |
| AU6052190A (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1991-02-06 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Low-aluminum boron beta zeolite |
| US5166111A (en) * | 1989-07-07 | 1992-11-24 | Chevron Research Company | Low-aluminum boron beta zeolite |
| IT1237198B (it) * | 1989-11-16 | 1993-05-26 | Eniricerche Spa | Processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici. |
| SE9002558D0 (sv) | 1990-08-02 | 1990-08-02 | Carlstedt Elektronik Ab | Processor |
| US5118896A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1992-06-02 | Amoco Corporation | Aromatic alkylation process using large macropore, small particle size, zeolite catalyst |
| CA2084929C (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 2000-01-25 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Catalyst and process for cracking hydrocarbons with highly attrition resistant mesoporous catalytic cracking catalysts |
| US5221648A (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 1993-06-22 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Highly attrition resistant mesoporous catalytic cracking catalysts |
| US5518897A (en) | 1992-05-04 | 1996-05-21 | Memphis State University | Recombinant biopesticide and method of use thereof |
| US5182242A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1993-01-26 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Catalysts bound with low acidity refractory oxide |
| IT1264626B1 (it) * | 1993-06-16 | 1996-10-04 | Eniricerche Spa | Processo per la preparazione di cumene |
| US5587137A (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1996-12-24 | Corning Incorporated | Exhaust gas conversion method using thermally stable zeolites |
| IT1270230B (it) * | 1994-06-16 | 1997-04-29 | Enichem Sintesi | Composizione catalitica e processo per l'alchilazione di composti aromatici |
-
1994
- 1994-06-16 IT ITMI941252A patent/IT1270230B/it active IP Right Grant
-
1995
- 1995-06-06 ES ES95108610T patent/ES2142972T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-06 DE DE69515142T patent/DE69515142T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-06 EP EP95108610A patent/EP0687500B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-06 DK DK95108610T patent/DK0687500T3/da active
- 1995-06-06 AT AT95108610T patent/ATE189862T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-07 US US08/478,831 patent/US5811612A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-14 AU AU21652/95A patent/AU2165295A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-15 CA CA002151889A patent/CA2151889C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-15 RU RU95109451A patent/RU2147929C1/ru active
- 1995-06-16 JP JP15064895A patent/JP3805409B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-07-15 US US09/115,542 patent/US6084143A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE189862T1 (de) | 2000-03-15 |
| AU2165295A (en) | 1996-01-04 |
| US5811612A (en) | 1998-09-22 |
| JPH08103658A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
| EP0687500B1 (en) | 2000-02-23 |
| ITMI941252A1 (it) | 1995-12-16 |
| ITMI941252A0 (it) | 1994-06-16 |
| ES2142972T3 (es) | 2000-05-01 |
| JP3805409B2 (ja) | 2006-08-02 |
| RU95109451A (ru) | 1997-04-20 |
| DE69515142T2 (de) | 2000-08-24 |
| EP0687500A1 (en) | 1995-12-20 |
| RU2147929C1 (ru) | 2000-04-27 |
| US6084143A (en) | 2000-07-04 |
| CA2151889C (en) | 2008-08-19 |
| DE69515142D1 (de) | 2000-03-30 |
| CA2151889A1 (en) | 1995-12-17 |
| DK0687500T3 (da) | 2000-06-05 |
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