ITCS20090007A1 - MODULAR PREFABRICATED TUMULATION SYSTEM AT MORE LEVELS - Google Patents

Description

"Prefabricated modular multi-level burial system"

DESCRIPTION

Object: the idea concerns the construction of prefabricated burial niches and ossuaries.

The state of the art: currently, in terms of prefabrication of niches and ossuaries, there are and are commercialized solutions made with self-supporting fiberglass panels (Bosisio - Milan), with aluminum structure and metal niche (ACMOMAD ~ Reggio Emilia) and steel structure and fiberglass niche (Ferrarini System - Verona).

The materials used: the construction foresees the lattice-type framed supporting structure, made with bars filled with rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) and polypropylene (PP) niches:

- Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC-U) has a high chemical stability and excellent resistance to fire (it is self-extinguishing). It belongs to the category of thermoplastics and has an amorphous structure. It has a high solidity and a high modulus of elasticity. It is used with temperatures between - 10 ° C and 60 ° C and, up to 60 ° C, it is stable to most diluted or concentrated acids. It is inert on the physiological side. It is a good electrical insulator and absorbs little water. It can also be welded and glued. Semi-finished PVC-U products, easily available on the market, come in the form of plates, pipes, profiles, solid bars, perforated bars, films, etc. at relatively low cost.

Polypropylene (PP) has high electrical and chemical characteristics, good rigidity and solidity and is normally used with temperatures between 5 ° C and 90 ° C. It has a high resistance to chemical agents and is weldable. It is a semicrystalline thermoplastic material which, however, compared to other similar materials, is more resistant and rigid and melts at a higher temperature despite being of lower density. Thanks to its non-polarity characteristics, PP is very resistant from a chemical point of view and, up to 120 ° C, it maintains its resistance characteristics even in the presence of aqueous solutions containing salts, acids and strong alkalis. On the market it is easily available in semi-finished products such as tubes, sheets, solid bars, profiles, cords, etc.

It is evident how the proposed system differs from other construction systems not only for the materials used even if, as will be seen below, for construction type, simplicity of preparation and assembly of components, ease of installation, flexibility of use, low costs.

1) LOCULI

1.a) Supporting structure

The supporting structure of the niches is provided with a reticular type frame made by means of bars filled with PVC-U. The design module, consisting of the assembly of uprights, platforms and bracing, is infinitely repeatable and achievable on several levels.

The construction scheme provides for the adoption of vertical uprights with an appropriate section in PVC-U to which, at various levels, the platforms that serve to support the actual niches are hooked with angular plates and screwed bands (fig. 1 / a, 2 / a, 4 / a, 5 / a).

The platforms are provided with crossbars and longitudinal members of suitable section, also in PVC-U and integral with each other with the same system of corner plates and screwed bands (fig.

2 / b, 4 / b).

The bracing to the floors are also made with bars filled with PVC-U of the appropriate section and, again with corner plates and screwed bands, are made integral with the structure.

In particular, the top crosspiece of the platform has a protruding flap for about 1.5 cm, made with a strip of flat PVC-U plate of appropriate thickness, screwed to the crosspiece itself. The plaque is placed on this flap and thus weighs on the structure and not on the stud.

The entire structure, by means of adjustable galvanized steel "feet" placed at the base of each upright, is leveled and fixed, with screws and dowels, to a reinforced concrete foundation plate which transmits the modest tensions induced to the underlying ground.

The structure was calculated by qualified technicians for a 5 x 4 module (5 rows of niches for 4 levels) and to be installed outside, with reference to the following geographical location on the national territory:

* snow: zone III (southern Italy and islands), as <200 m, load qs = 60 N / m <2>;

• wind: zone 9 (islands and open sea, except Sicily and Sardinia), load p - 120 N / m <2>.

The dimensions of the sections of the PVC-U bars used make the assembled frame meet the requirements for the resistance of the structures, with particular reference to the provisions for the construction of buildings in seismic areas, considering, in addition to the own weight and the induced stresses from wind and snow, overloads (250 kg / m2) on the platforms, as required by law (Presidential Decree 285/90).

Obviously, for structures located in other areas, the necessary structural checks must be carried out, according to the different earthquake, wind and snow stresses to be applied.

l.b) Entombment

The burial takes place by means of a "container" which represents the actual niche. The "container", whether for tip or fascia niches, is made of alveolar polypropylene (PP) in sheets, but PVC, DIBOND, etc. can also be used.

The PP sheets, cut to size, are assembled and welded along all internal and external edges, so as to create a single body with perfect watertight integrity (fig. 3 / a, 3 / b, 3 / c, 6 / a, 6 / b, 6 / c).

The niche, as per law, is sized at a minimum with a base of 75 cm, height 70 cm and depth 225 cm (net internal measurements) for the tip niches and with a base of 225 cm, height 70 cm and depth 75 cm (net internal measurements ) for the fascia niches.

The niche, very light and very resistant, rests on the platform of the load-bearing structure which has a slope towards the bottom of at least 2%, as required by law.

In particular, the top crosspiece of the floor (including the marble holding fin) is mounted one cm lower than the side members. The "tooth" that is formed receives the stop at the mouth of the niche for the closing plate and the niche thus rests perfectly and entirely on the platform. Finally, with a few self-tapping screws placed along the perimeter of the mouth, the niche is fixed to the crosspieces and uprights, creating a single structure. 1 0 With this system, each coffin is placed separately and the niche, due to the material used and the welding carried out, has all the walls with lasting impermeability to liquids and gases, perfectly complying with the current laws on the subject (D.P.R.

285/90).

The niche, for obvious transport savings, is provided with a head-bottom flaring, so as to allow stacking, even if partial.

1.c) Closing of the niche

The sealing of the niche, after the insertion of the coffin, takes place by means of a PP panel of precise dimensions. The panel must be sealed against the stop on the mouth of the niche with special glue for PP (Tangit) and finished with silicone along the perimeter (fig. 3 / b, 3 / c, 6 / b, 6 / c).

With this system, the niche has a perfect hermetic seal, fully complying with the current regulations of the law on the subject of D.P.R. 285/90).

1.d) Tests performed

The following tests were carried out on the niche, to ensure its full compliance with use, the following tests were performed:

Load stability: the floor of the niche, where the coffin rests, was loaded at the rate of about 300 kg / m2. The “alveoli” of the PP sheet remained perfectly stable and no sagging and / or distortion was observed, even after some time.

Gas impermeability: a colored smoke bomb was introduced inside the niche and a watertight seal was immediately carried out by means of the special PP panel, in the terms described above. No trace of smoke appeared, even after some time.

Impermeability to liquids: water was introduced inside a niche placed vertically. We then proceeded to the usual sealing and, overturning it horizontally, the niche was left stationary for about a month. No loss and / or exudation was observed, nor were there any traces of humidity on the outside

1.e) Tombstones and the like

The construction system provides that the headstones, generally in natural stone slabs, are placed on the fin of the top crosspiece of the floor (fig. 9 / a, 9 / b), while special studs, placed at the corners of the headstones and fixed to the uprights of the structure by means of threaded inserts, block them (fig. 9 / c, 9 / d). In this way the weight of the marble weighs directly on the supporting structure and the studs are not stressed.

The rest of the exposed facade cladding, consisting of lateral perimeter bands, base skirting and crowning veil, generally also in natural stone, must be glued, by means of silicone, to the load-bearing structure, on which the weight bears directly. .

The construction system provides for the possibility of covering the other facades (side and bottom) as well. The cladding can be made of natural stone of the same type as the ides and with the same support system, or with pre-packaged panels, screwed into the supporting structure, and finished with plaster or coated.

In case the construction is to take place at, it is also possible to realize the opening which is constituted by PVC-U beams, integral with the uprights of the structure by means of angular plates and screwed bands. All types of panels can be applied to these girders, on which it is possible to mount any type of mantle, the construction type allows any type of roof (1 pitch, 2 pitch, hip,

Conclusions

The proposed system is innovative because, in full compliance with the laws in force on the subject, it differs from other construction systems for the materials used and the construction type, guaranteeing, at the same time, less weight, ease of assembly of the components, speed of installation, flexibility of use, cost competitiveness, current possibility of disassembly and transfer to another site, excellent aesthetics.

The "empty" deso of each niche is less than 65 kg (compared to about 1,000 kg of the traditional reinforced concrete and the VAC) and, therefore, the proposed technology makes it possible to even soil with very poor geomechanical consistency,

The construction technique is so simple that it allows, in a very short time, the arrangement and assembly of the components of a large number of niches, simplicity of installation allows extremely rapid interventions: purely for illustrative purposes, to have 20 niches in traditional reinforced concrete arranged in 5 rows for 4 hulls, it takes at least three months (minimum curing time of the concrete at the various hulls, roof excluded), while with the proposed system it only takes about 5 days, including opening).

nto also applies to any disassembly and transfer to another site, flexibility of the system, then, allows the use of reliquaries of space, both inside existing structures and outdoors. All this, of course, with considerable cost traction.

ethically, the niches made with this system do not differ from the traditional ones

Finally, the usability of what has been described in the industrial field seems obvious. In fact, the preparation and assembly of the components takes place in the laboratory, with subsequent transport and assembly on site.

2) OSSARI

2.a) Supporting structure - Burial system - Closure

The construction scheme provides for the adoption of three PVC-U vertical uprights of appropriate section. The crosspieces, also in PVC-U of suitable section, are hooked to the two head uprights, at various levels, by means of angular plates and screwed bands (fig.

7 / a, 7 / b, 8 / a, 8 / b).

Also in this case, the crosspiece has a protruding flap for about 1.5 cm, made with a strip of flat PVC-U plate of appropriate thickness screwed to the crosspiece itself. The plaque is placed on this flap and thus weighs on the structure and not on the stud.

All the uprights at the base are equipped with adjustable galvanized steel feet that allow leveling and perfect positioning of the entire row. The feet are fixed, with screws and dowels, to a reinforced concrete foundation plate which transmits the modest tensions induced to the underlying ground.

The ossuaries, both at the tip and at the fascia, are made up of “cells” made of alveolar polypropylene (PP) in sheets, but PVC, DIBOND, etc. can also be used. The PP sheets must be cut to size and welded along all the edges, in order to create a single body (fig. 7 / c, 7 / d, 7 / e, 8 / c, 8 / d). The “cells” thus created must be pre-assembled in vertical rows, making them integral with the three uprights by means of screws or rivets. Any sealing of the ossuary, after the insertion of the box, can be done by means of a PP panel of precise dimensions. The panel can possibly be sealed against the stop on the mouth of the niche with special glue for PP (Tangit) (fig. 7 / e, 8 / d).

The structure designed for the ossuaries, should there be the need to create a mixed “dovecote”, is such that it can be supported and made solidarity with that of the niches.

The cell, as per law, is sized at least with a base of 30 cm, height 30 cm and ^ depth 70 cm (net internal measurements) for the tip ossuaries and with a base of 70 cm, height 30 cm and depth 30 cm (net measurements internal) for the ossuaries of the fascia.

2.b) Tombstones and similar - Additional works - Conclusions

What has already been said for the niches applies.

Claims (2)

"Multi-level modular prefabricated burial system" CLAIMS 1) The constructive system of niches and ossuaries, both of the fascia and the tip, in its entirety, as indicated in the drawings, and made with the materials described. 2) The "container" / niche and "cells" / ossuary, both at the end and at the tip, made with the materials indicated and with the shapes described and defined in the drawings, 3) The system for positioning the gravestones on a special fin of the head beam with positioning of the studs at the corners of the gravestones and their fixing to the uprights of the structure by means of threaded inserts. The system only blocks the tombstones, placing their weight on the structure and not on the studs.