JP2000201456A - Method of manufacturing brush using powdery substance as raw material and brush manufactured by the method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] A means for eliminating manufacturing complexity and eliminating the need for other parts equipped with an additional spring required for pressing a brush against a current collector or the like during operation. provide. SOLUTION: A powdery substance mainly composed of a highly conductive substance is used as a raw material 2, and a beryllium bronze plate strip 3 is embedded in the raw material 2, and then the raw material 2 is compression-molded together with the beryllium bronze plate strip 3, After forming, heat treatment is performed at a temperature at which the elasticity of the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 increases.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[Field of the Invention]

[0002] The present invention relates to a method for producing a brush using a powdery substance as a raw material and a brush produced by the method, and more particularly to a brush used in the field of electricity.

[0003]

Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention

[0004] The production of carbon objects is carried out by known methods in which a powdery substance containing a binder, such as, in particular, a phenolic resin, is pressed together with a conductor. The material of the conductor may be a copper wire or an elongated copper piece. The material that is compression molded with the conductor is subjected to a heat treatment, which hardens the binder in the carbon body. The temperature reached during the heat treatment may be limited to a maximum allowable value such that the flexibility of the conductor is still maintained.

[0005] Another well known is the manufacture of multilayer brushes. The purpose of the wear block installation is to keep the current collector itself low in wear by contacting the current collector and wearing it during operation of the current collector. Apart from its wear block, the multi-layer brush has another block of low electrical resistance in which the conductor is embedded (US Pat. No. 5,701,046 corresponding to US Pat. No. 5,701,046). . The block is for contacting with a conductor, and can be formed as a structure mainly made of a sintered metal of copper or iron.
However, the wear blocks used for contact and the blocks both contain metal powder, graphite, binder,
Recycled metal waste may be used as a substitute for the graphite in the blocks provided for contact, which may be a mixture of additives, and other carbon materials may be used. Phenolic resin is used as a binder. The body produced in this way by compression molding is subjected to a heat treatment, for example at 600 ° C., for a time sufficient for the binder to be largely carbonized and the metal powder to be sintered. This temperature is limited by the constraint that the copper conductor is embedded and that the physical properties of the copper must be maintained. In another embodiment, the temperature may be increased to 900 ° C. if it is not to be welded to the connector block until after manufacture and the physical properties of copper need not be taken into account. .

[0006] Brushes manufactured by known methods include, for example, when applied to a current collector of an electric machine, another part loaded with a spring to obtain the effect of pressing the brush against the current collector during operation. Is needed.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate manufacturing complexity and obviate the need for other components with additional springs required to press the brush against a current collector or the like during operation. To provide a brush.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The solution to the problem of the present invention is based on the principle that the metal conductor itself has a spring structure and is integrated into the brush body in a manner advantageous for manufacture.

That is, means for solving the problems of the present invention are as follows.

First, after a powdery substance mainly composed of a highly conductive substance is used as a raw material, and a beryllium bronze plate strip is embedded in the raw material, the raw material is compression-formed together with the beryllium bronze plate strip, and And a heat treatment at a temperature at which the elasticity of the strip of beryllium bronze plate increases. Secondly, after a strip of beryllium bronze plate is embedded in a raw material containing a powdery substance mainly composed of carbon and a thermoplastic substance as a binder, the raw material is compression-molded together with the beryllium bronze plate strip. , After forming, heat treatment at a temperature to increase the elasticity of the beryllium bronze plate strip and maintain the electrical properties and strength properties required for use as a carbon brush. . Third, the thermoplastic as a binder has a polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, a copolymer derived therefrom or has similar thermal properties. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the brush is selected from one or more of other thermoplastics. Fourth, the temperature of the heat treatment is from 280 ° C. to 480 ° C.
The method for producing a brush according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein Fifth, the method for producing a brush according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the raw material contains copper powder. Sixthly, the method for producing a brush according to the fifth aspect, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strips are coated with one layer of tin in an area where the raw material containing copper powder is compression-molded. Seventh, the method of manufacturing a brush according to the sixth, wherein the coating has a thickness of 3 to 5 microns. Eighth, the first to seventh features, characterized in that the strip of beryllium bronze plate has an opening in a portion embedded in the raw material.
The method for producing a brush according to any one of the above. Ninth, the method for producing a brush according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a slit in a portion embedded in the raw material. Tenthly, the method for producing a brush according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a lattice-shaped groove in a portion embedded in the raw material. Eleventh, in any one of the first to ninth features, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a U-shaped bent portion at both ends including a portion embedded in the raw material. A method for producing the brush described in the above. Twelfth, a beryllium bronze plate strip as a conductor heat-treated with a sintering material was embedded in a sintering material obtained by compression molding and heat-treating a raw material mainly composed of a highly conductive material. A brush, wherein the strip of beryllium bronze plate has a function as a leaf spring. Thirteenth, a raw material containing a powdery substance containing carbon as a main component and a thermoplastic substance as a binder is subjected to a heat treatment together with a sintering substance into a sintering substance obtained by compression molding and heat treatment. A brush having a beryllium bronze plate strip embedded therein as a conductor, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a function as a leaf spring. Fourteenth, the thermoplastic as a binder has a polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, a copolymer derived therefrom or a similar thermal property. The brush according to claim 13, wherein the brush is selected from one or more of other thermoplastics. Fifteenth, the brush according to any one of the twelfth to fourteenth features, wherein the raw material contains copper powder. Sixteenth, the brush according to the fifteenth, wherein the strip of beryllium bronze plate is coated with one layer of tin in an area where the material is compacted with the material containing copper powder. 17. A brush according to claim 16, wherein the coating is 3-5 microns thick. Eighteenth, the beryllium bronze plate strip has an opening in a portion embedded in the raw material,
The brush according to any one of the twelfth to seventeenth aspects. First
9. The twelfth aspect, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a slit in a portion embedded in the raw material.
The brush according to any one of the seventeenth to seventeenth aspects. Twentieth, in any one of the twelfth to nineteenth aspects, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a lattice-shaped groove or a U-shaped bent part in a portion embedded in the raw material. The brush described.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

An embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

First, there is provided a method of manufacturing a brush which is obtained by compressing and molding a raw material of a powdery substance which is basically composed of a highly conductive substance together with a metal conductor, and then heat-treating the brush. A method for producing a brush, wherein a metal plate strip is used, and the beryllium bronze metal plate strip compacted together with the powdery substance is heat-treated at a temperature at which the elasticity of the beryllium bronze metal strip increases. Second,
The temperature at which the heat treatment of the strip-shaped beryllium bronze metal plate is performed, together with a thermoplastic material as a binder, a powdery material of which a substantial part is mainly made of carbon, and which is compression-molded with the powdery material, The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is such that the powdery substance retains the electrical properties and strength properties necessary for use as a carbon brush and at the same time increases the elasticity of the beryllium bronze metal plate. Third, the binders used are polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone,
Characterized by being taken from one or more of polyphenylsulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, copolymers derived therefrom or other thermoplastics having similar thermal properties. 3. The method according to the first and second aspects. 4th
The temperature of the heat treatment at which the beryllium bronze sheet metal is hardened and tempered and the thermoplastic bonding material acquires the strength characteristics depends on what kind of thermoplastic material is selected and what kind of beryllium bronze is combined with, 280 ° C. From 48
Wherein the temperature is within a range of 0 ° C.
The method described in. Fifth, the material comprising copper powder is used by being sintered together with a beryllium bronze spring compressed in the material at a temperature at which the elasticity of the beryllium bronze strip is simultaneously increased. The method of claim 1.
Sixth, the strip-shaped beryllium bronze metal sheet is used in the form of strips coated with a layer of tin, in principle in the area where it is compression molded with copper powder. 5. The method according to 5. Seventh, the method of claim 6, wherein the beryllium bronze metal plate is used in the form of strips coated with a layer of tin having a thickness of 3 to 5 microns. Eighth, the method according to any one of the above, wherein a strip-shaped beryllium bronze metal plate having punched holes is used as the conductor. Ninth, when a strip-shaped beryllium bronze metal plate is used as a conductor,
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein an end portion embedded in the brush is divided in a longitudinal direction to form a step to form a slit. Tenthly, the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a strip-shaped beryllium bronze metal plate with jagged edges is used as the conductor. Eleventh, the method according to any one of the above, wherein a strip-shaped beryllium bronze metal plate having a beaded edge is used as a conductor. Twelfth, a beryllium bronze strip made of a powdery substance whose basic constituent is a substance having high conductivity and a metal conductor which is formed by compression molding and sintering the powdery substance together with the powdery substance. A brush, wherein the spring is used as a conductor that has been thermoset and tempered to increase elasticity. Thirteenth, a beryllium bronze strip leaf spring is compression molded and sintered together with a powdery substance, and the conductive substance is mainly composed of carbon to which a thermoplastic substance as a binder is added. 13. The brush according to the twelfth aspect, Fourteenth, the binder used is a polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, a copolymer derived therefrom or other having similar thermal properties. 14. The brush of claim 13, wherein the brush belongs to one or more of a thermoplastic material. Fifteenthly, the brush according to the twelfth aspect, wherein the leaf spring of the beryllium bronze strip is compression-molded and sintered together with a powdery substance made of copper. 16. A brush according to claim 12, wherein the leaf spring of beryllium bronze strip is coated with a layer of tin, at least in the area where it is to be compacted with copper powder. 17. A brush according to claim 16, wherein a beryllium bronze strip leaf spring coated with a layer of tin having a thickness of 3 to 5 microns is used. Eighteenth, the brush according to any one of the twelfth to seventeenth features, wherein a punch hole is formed in the leaf spring of the beryllium bronze strip. Nineteenth, any one of the twelfth to seventeenth features, wherein the leaf spring of the beryllium bronze strip has an end portion embedded in the brush divided in the longitudinal direction and provided with a step. The brush according to. Twentiethly, the brush according to any one of the twelfth to nineteenth aspects, wherein the edge of the leaf spring of the beryllium bronze strip is in the shape of a knurl or a bead.

Here, the beryllium bronze plate strip is embedded in a powdered metal by a known method, and the brush body is compression-formed together with the metal strip using the powder metal as a raw material. Following the compression molding, a heat treatment is performed at a temperature at which the elasticity of the beryllium bronze plate strip increases. Conductors consisting of beryllium bronze plate strips are enhanced in elasticity by this method, to the point that they are particularly suitable for use as spring-loaded components for pressing a brush against a current collector or the like. At the same time, the characteristics normally required for the brush, such as the moderate tensile strength of the integrated metal conductor and the low contact resistance between the conductor and the surrounding brush body material, etc. Be acquired.

The practice of the method of the present invention can be carried out by the second practice, using a powdery substance whose substantial part is mainly composed of carbon and using a thermoplastic material as a binder. It is. The temperature at which the heat treatment of the strip of beryllium bronze plate compacted together with this powdery substance is performed maintains the electrical properties and strength characteristics necessary for use as a carbon brush, and at the same time, the temperature of the beryllium bronze plate strip is reduced. The temperature is such that the elasticity increases. Here, the “corresponding portion of the powdery substance containing carbon as a main component” means 2 parts by weight.
It should be understood that it is 0% or more. Another important component, occupying a larger part, may be metals, especially copper. According to the fifth embodiment, the main body of the multi-layer brush has a beryllium bronze plate strip embedded therein, and may be manufactured using copper powder as a raw material without a binder. By doing so, the heat treatment temperature is adjusted to such a temperature that the copper is sintered and at the same time the elasticity of the strip of beryllium bronze plate is increased and it becomes a spring.

If the powdery material used to manufacture the brush body according to the second embodiment contains a thermoplastic as a binder, one of the following thermoplastics is powdered: It can be advantageous to use a single dose of the substance. Polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, polyether / ether ketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, copolymers derived from these, or other thermoplastics having similar thermal properties.

The temperature of the heat treatment at which the beryllium bronze plate is hardened and tempered and the thermoplastic binder acquires the strength properties is:
It is in the range of 280 ° C. to 480 ° C. according to the fourth implementation. However, it depends on what kind of thermoplastic material is selected and what kind of beryllium bronze is used.

In cases where it is essential that the strip of beryllium bronze be first compacted and then sintered and bonded to the copper powder, the use of strip of beryllium bronze is in principle to be compatible with copper powder. Is preferably used in the form of strips coated with a single layer of tin in the area where compression molding is performed. Thus, the tin layer is coated on the leaf spring, but before the latter is embedded in the powder and compacted with the powder. The layer of tin, which acts to promote sintering, is to ensure that the heat treatment temperature need only be sufficient to increase the elasticity of the beryllium bronze plate strip. This not only achieves good sintering of the copper powder, but only at such a temperature, it is firmly bonded to the beryllium bronze plate strip with good conductive properties and high tensile strength. A leaf spring is formed.

According to the seventh embodiment, it is desirable to use flake beryllium bronze metal coated with a layer of tin having a thickness of 3 to 5 microns for good sintering.

To ensure good shaping and to ensure that the strip of beryllium bronze is firmly embedded in the powdery material around the brush body, at least one cross section of the strip of beryllium bronze must be drilled before embedding in the powdery material. To make a hole, make a crack,
The edges are jagged or gem-shaped.

Therefore, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the first
The brushes manufactured by the method according to the first embodiment are provided with leaf springs made of beryllium bronze plate strips, and these brushes are the subject of the twelfth to twentieth embodiments. . Particularly advantageous functional properties of these brushes can be concluded from the description of the manufacturing method and its variants. Individually, the brush of the twelfth embodiment is produced in the method according to the first embodiment. Using the method according to the second embodiment, a brush having the basic features of the thirteenth embodiment is manufactured. The brush according to the fourteenth embodiment is produced by the method according to the third embodiment. A variant of the method according to the fifth embodiment produces the brush of the fifteenth embodiment. The strip of beryllium bronze used in the sixth and seventh embodiments is the same as that in the sixteenth and seventeenth embodiments.
Is included in the form of a leaf spring manufactured by the embodiment. Preformed beryllium bronze plate strips to be used according to the eighth to eleventh implementations are included in brushes manufactured according to the eighteenth to twentieth implementations.

[0023]

【Example】

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the steps of an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a brush according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the length L1 in the longitudinal direction is 11
A mold 1 having a mm and a depth L2 of 6 mm was used. The conductive material used was natural graphite powder in which 85% of the particles were less than 100 microns. Powdered polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with particles less than 45 microns was used as a binder for the thermoplastic. Dendritic copper powder having a particle size of less than 45 microns was used as the copper powder. Here, 80% of natural graphite and 20% of PPS powder were sufficiently mixed, and the mixture was mixed so that the dendritic copper powder became 45% to obtain a raw material 2. The beryllium bronze plate strip 3 is made of beryllium-copper alloy, has good conductivity and mechanical characteristics of a spring, and has a thickness L3 of 0.3.
The one having a length L4 of 20 mm and a width L5 of 3.5 mm was used. This beryllium bronze plate strip 3 is made of raw material 2
And the area to be compression-molded, that is, the portion in contact with the raw material 2 after compression molding (see (C) in FIG. 1) was further coated with tin having a thickness of 3 μm. .

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a beryllium bronze plate strip 3 coated with tin is inserted by inserting a beryllium bronze plate strip 3 into a raw material 2 placed in a mold 1. A part of the lower end of the piece 3 was embedded in the raw material 2.
Then, the raw material 2 was compression-molded together with the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 by applying a pressure of 4 ton / cm ² mechanically with a press body 4 corresponding to the mold 1.

In FIG. 1B, reference numeral 5 denotes a hole formed at a position corresponding to the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 of the press body 4. After the molding, as shown in FIG. 1C, the green body 6 formed by compression was pulled out of the mold 1.

The temperature at which the elasticity of the drawn green body 6 of the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 is increased, and the temperature at which the electrical characteristics and the strength characteristics necessary for using it as a carbon brush are maintained. Heat treatment was performed at 290 ° C. for 2 hours in 100% hydrogen.

In this way, a brush in which the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 having a function as a leaf spring was embedded in the sintered material was manufactured.

When the electrical resistance of the produced brush at the interface between the strip of beryllium bronze plate and the raw material was measured, it was 0.8 to 1.2 mOhm, which was a sufficiently small value. Also, when the pulling force of the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 was measured, it showed a value of 36 to 45 N, which was confirmed to be sufficient for use as a brush.

As shown in FIG. 2, as the beryllium bronze plate strip 3, one having an opening 10 in a portion 9 embedded in the raw material 2 can be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 is formed such that a slit 11 is formed in a longitudinal direction in a portion 9 embedded in the raw material 2 and the left and right divided pieces 12 and 13 are offset forward and backward. Can also be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the beryllium bronze plate strip 3 has a lattice-shaped groove portion 14 in a portion embedded in the raw material 2 or, as shown in FIG. Those having the curved portion 15 can also be used.

[0032]

【The invention's effect】

According to the present invention, manufacturing complexity is eliminated,
It is possible to provide a brush which does not require other components equipped with a spring necessary for pressing the brush against a current collector or the like even during operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the steps of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a brush according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a strip of beryllium bronze plate having an opening.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a beryllium bronze plate strip having a slit.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a beryllium bronze plate strip having a lattice-shaped groove.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a strip of beryllium bronze plate having a U-shaped bent portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 mold 2 raw material 3 beryllium bronze plate strip 4 pressed body 5 hole 6 green body

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Jürgen Spangenberg, Germany, 61118 Bad Filbel, Nidablick 3 (72) Inventor Wieland Ziegler, Germany, 61350 Bad Homburg, Kolpingstrasse 17

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A powdery substance mainly composed of a highly conductive substance is used as a raw material, and a beryllium bronze plate strip is embedded in the raw material, and then the raw material is compression-molded together with the beryllium bronze plate strip. A method for producing a brush, comprising performing heat treatment at a temperature at which elasticity of a bronze plate strip increases. 2. A beryllium bronze plate strip is embedded in a raw material containing a powdery substance mainly composed of carbon and a thermoplastic substance as a binder, and then the raw material is compression-molded together with the beryllium bronze plate strip. After forming, the brush is characterized by being subjected to a heat treatment at a temperature for increasing the elasticity of the beryllium bronze plate strip and maintaining the electrical properties and strength properties required for use as a carbon brush. Method. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic material is a polyphenylene sulfide, a polysulfone, a polyphenylsulfone,
Selected from one or more of polyether ether ketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, copolymers derived therefrom or other thermoplastics having similar thermal properties. Item 3. A method for producing a brush according to Item 2. 4. The method for producing a brush according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment is 280 ° C. to 480 ° C. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the raw material contains copper powder. 6. The method for producing a brush according to claim 5, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip is coated with tin in an area where the material is compression-molded with a raw material containing copper powder. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the coating is 3-5 microns thick. 8. The method for producing a brush according to claim 1, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has an opening at a portion embedded in the raw material. 9. The method for manufacturing a brush according to claim 1, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a slit in a portion embedded in the raw material. 10. The method of manufacturing a brush according to claim 1, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a lattice-shaped groove at a portion embedded in the raw material. 11. The method of manufacturing a brush according to claim 1, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a U-shaped bent portion in a portion embedded in the raw material. Method. 12. A raw material containing a highly conductive substance as a main component,
A brush in which a beryllium bronze plate strip as a conductor heat-treated together with the sintering material is embedded in a sintered material obtained by compression molding and heat treatment, and the beryllium bronze plate strip is used as a leaf spring. A brush having a function. 13. A sintering material obtained by compression-molding and heat-treating a raw material containing a powdery substance mainly composed of carbon and a thermoplastic substance as a binder together with a sintering substance. A brush having embedded therein a strip of beryllium bronze plate as a conductor, wherein the strip of beryllium bronze plate has a function as a leaf spring. 14. The thermoplastic material as a binder may be a polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyphenylsulfone, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, a copolymer derived therefrom or a polymer having similar thermal properties. 14. The brush according to claim 13, wherein the brush is selected from one or more of other thermoplastics having. 15. The brush according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the raw material contains copper powder. 16. The brush according to claim 15, wherein the strip of beryllium bronze plate is tin-coated in the area where it is compacted with the raw material containing copper powder. 17. The brush according to claim 16, wherein the coating is 3-5 microns thick. 18. The brush according to claim 12, wherein the strip of beryllium bronze plate has an opening at a portion embedded in the raw material. 19. The beryllium bronze plate strip has a slit in a portion embedded in the raw material,
The brush according to any one of claims 12 to 17. 20. The method according to claim 12, wherein the beryllium bronze plate strip has a lattice-shaped groove portion or a U-shaped bent portion at a portion embedded in the raw material. The brush described.