JP2000276151A - Music sound controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To generate new music sound by controlling various kinds of music sound elements such as the tone, pitch, volume or sound images of music sound in an electronic musical instrument or the like. SOLUTION: A support rod 23 is erected in a frame 5 inside the electronic musical instrument and a disk shape planar body 22 made of a metallic sheet is fixed in its center in the base part 23a of the support rod 23. A dome shape operation knob 21 is held in a supported state by the rod 23 through the use of a boss part 21a and a holding part 21b and the knob 21 is made to be rocking possible in an optional direction at the side of an outer periphery. Distortion gauges 26 such as a piezo-element or a pressure sensitive resistance element are fixed to four placed in the circumference of the lower surface of the planar body 22. A plurality of tooth shape projecting pieces 21c in the lower end peripheral edge part of the knob 21 are abutted on the outer periphery of the body 22 to give a deformation to the body 22 and the music sound elements such as the tone, the pitch or the sound image localization are controlled by the output of the gauges 26.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tone control device suitable for controlling various tone elements such as tone color, pitch, volume, and sound image of a musical tone in an electronic musical instrument or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various controls, such as a wheel, a joystick, a pad, and a ribbon controller, have been used as controls for controlling the tone color and pitch of musical tones of electronic musical instruments. Each of these controls controls an independent tone parameter, and is not suitable for controlling a plurality of tone parameters for one sound.
For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-59796 discloses an input device for controlling a plurality of tone parameters by one operation. This input device is capable of inputting two pieces of detection data of a position and a pressure from one pressing operation to control a plurality of parameters in real time.

[0003] On the other hand, for example, in synthesizer music, a variety of expressions that exceed the ideas of the performer may be preferred, and in such a case, a manipulator that can control the generation of musical sounds in a novel manner is required. Becomes However, the conventional operator or input device is generally developed with a focus on generating a tone that is faithful to the player's operation, and controls the generation of a tone in a novel manner. Was not.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a tone control device capable of controlling a tone generation in a novel mode.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a musical sound control apparatus including a radial plate having elasticity, wherein the center of the plate is fixed to a fixed portion. The outer peripheral side is displaceable from the center of the plate-like body, a plurality of strain detecting means are fixed to the displaceable portion of the plate-like body, and the plurality of strain detecting means obtained by pressing the peripheral part of the plate-like body A plurality of musical tone elements are controlled on the basis of the output of. In addition, as the tone element, for example,
There are timbre, pitch, volume, and sound image. The radial plate is a plate having a substantially rotationally symmetric shape with respect to a predetermined center, such as a circle, a substantially circle, a regular polygon, or a substantially regular polygon.

According to the musical tone control device of the first aspect, the center of the plate is fixed to the fixed portion, and the outer periphery thereof can be displaced. The plate-like body is displaced by the pressing. Then, an output is obtained by a plurality of distortion detecting means fixed to the plate-like body by the displacement of the plate-like body, and a plurality of musical tone elements are controlled by the output. Here, the plate-like body having elasticity has characteristics such as a degree of deformation against pressing and a manner of repulsion (hereinafter referred to as “vibration characteristics”) according to the plane shape, cross-sectional shape or the second moment of area of the plate-like body. ), For example, even if only one location is pressed, displacement occurs in other parts. Therefore, the output of one distortion detecting means for controlling one musical tone element and the output of one distortion detecting means for controlling another musical tone element substantially interfere with each other. . Therefore, it is possible to control the generation of a musical tone in a novel mode.

In a natural musical instrument, the physical conditions such as the structure of each part of the musical instrument and performance operations (for example, bow speed and bow pressure of a bowed instrument, breath pressure and embouchure of a wind instrument, etc.) are complicatedly interdependent. , A musical tone is actually generated. Therefore, in order to simulate such a musical tone of a natural musical instrument with an electronic musical instrument, it is effective to control a plurality of musical tone parameters at once, and to allow each musical tone parameter to interfere with each other. The control device can be applied to the simulation of a natural musical instrument by appropriately reflecting the output of the distortion detecting means in the musical tone parameter.

[0008] In the configuration of claim 1, at least one of the plurality of distortion detecting means may be a piezo element.

In this case, the following operation and effect can be obtained in addition to the operation and effect of the first aspect. According to the piezo element used as the distortion detecting means, it is possible to obtain, as an output, the time derivative of the displacement (displacement variation amount) when the plate-like body is displaced. For example, when the plate is pressed to displace the plate, a signal of a predetermined polarity is output from the piezo element until the displacement stops at a predetermined position from the start of the displacement, and the output stops when the displacement stops. . When the pressing is removed from that state, the displacement of the plate-like body returns, and at this time, signals having different polarities are output from the piezo element. Therefore, when the tone parameters are controlled by the output of the piezo element, a tone of a more novel mode can be obtained.

[0010] In the configuration of the first aspect, the plurality of strain detecting means may be a plurality of types of sensors that detect different physical quantities due to the displacement of the plate-like body.

In this case, in addition to the first aspect, the tone elements are controlled by different physical quantities such as the displacement of the plate and the time derivative of the displacement. The tone of the mode is obtained. Also, a plurality of musical tone elements to be controlled can be controlled with physical quantities suitable for the types of musical tone elements.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is an outline plan view of an electronic musical instrument using the musical sound control device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a main part of the electronic musical instrument. The electronic musical instrument includes a keyboard 1 and an operation unit 2 that constitutes a tone control device. A circular through hole 31 formed on the panel surface 3 beside the keyboard 1 has an operation unit 2. An operation knob 21 is provided. In addition, various switch groups 4 such as tone selection switches are arranged on the panel surface 3.

The control circuit 10 is composed of a microcomputer and its peripheral circuits, and controls the performance of the keyboard 1 and the control of musical tones in response to signals from the operation unit 2. Normally, various data such as a key code, key on / key off, and velocity according to a detection signal from the keyboard 1 are generated and output to the sound source 20. When operating the operation unit 2,
Based on the output signal of the operation unit 2, filter data is output to the effect circuit 30 to control the filter characteristics of the effect circuit 30. Further, pitch bend data for modulating the pitch, panning data for controlling the sound image localization, and the like are generated based on the output signal of the operation unit 2 and converted into MIDI standard parameters, respectively. The data is output to the sound source 20 together with the indicated data. The sound system (SS) 40 performs D / A conversion, amplification, and the like on the tone signal output from the effect circuit 30, and stereophonically sounds with a speaker.

FIG. 1 shows an operation unit 2 of the musical sound control apparatus according to the embodiment.
2 is a bottom view of the plate-like body 22 of the operation unit 2. FIG. A frame 5 is fixed inside the electronic musical instrument, and a bolt-like support rod 23 is erected on the panel surface 3 side at the center position of the operation unit 2 by screwing the frame 5 from behind. Have been. The support rod 23 has a pedestal portion 23a having a large diameter and a support portion 23b having a small diameter. A disk-shaped plate 22 made of an elastic metal plate such as aluminum or iron is provided with a support portion 2 in a central hole 22a (see FIG. 2).
3b, and screwed with a nut 25,
It is fixed on the base 23a. That is, the plate 2
2, the center of the plate is fixed to a pedestal 23a, which is a fixed portion, so that the periphery of the center of the plate can be displaced.

The operation knob 21 has a dome shape, and has a boss 21a extending downward from the upper portion in the center of the inside thereof. The inside of the boss 21a is hollow, and a support rod 23 is provided inside the lower end of the boss 21a.
The holding portion 21b that engages with the supporting portion 23b is fitted and adhered.

The structure of the holding portion 21b and the supporting portion 23b is shown in FIG.
It is like. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the holding portion 21b, FIG. 3B is a bottom view of the holding portion 21b, FIG. 3C is a side view of the tip of the support portion 23b, and the holding portion 21b is substantially A claw 21b-1 which is cylindrical and protrudes inward around the inner surface is formed, and a claw 2 is formed on the side surface of the holding portion 21b from the lower end thereof.
A dividing groove 21b-2 is formed beyond 1b-1. On the other hand, the tip of the support portion 23b is formed in a hemispherical shape slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the holding portion 21b, and the outer periphery thereunder has an engagement groove 23b.
-1 is formed.

With the above structure, the holding portion 21b is pressed into the tip of the support portion 23b, and the claw portion 21b-1 is engaged with the engaging groove 23b.
b-1. The boss 2 of the operation knob 21
The operation knob 21 is held in a state where the center is supported by the support rod 23 by fitting and bonding the 1a to the holding portion 21b. In addition, if the structure is such that the split groove 21b-2 of the holding portion 21b can be opened and closed even in the boss portion 21a,
After the holding portion 21b is fitted and bonded in the boss portion 21a, the support portion 23b may be pressed into the holding portion 21b.

Also, as shown in FIG.
Is formed in a comb-like shape, and a plurality of protruding pieces 21c are formed at equal intervals. When the operation knob 21 is supported by the support rod 23, the lower end of the protruding piece 21c faces the outer periphery of the plate 22 with a slight gap. On the lower surface of the plate-shaped body 22, strain gauges 26 as strain detecting means are fixed at four locations around the board, and the output of the strain gauge 26 is input to the control circuit 10.

With the above configuration, the operation knob 21 can swing in an arbitrary direction on the outer peripheral side with the vicinity of the support portion 23b of the support rod 23 as a fulcrum. The projecting piece 21c in the swinging direction comes into contact with the outer periphery of the plate-like body 22, and further gives a displacement to the plate-like body 22. At this time, the plate-shaped body 22 includes not only the portion pressed by the protruding piece 21c but also the plate-shaped body 2 as described above.
Due to the vibration characteristic of No. 2, displacement is generated particularly in the vicinity thereof. Thereby, each strain gauge 26 outputs a signal corresponding to the displacement of the portion where the strain gauge 26 exists. And
Based on the output signal, the control circuit 10 controls various tone elements as in each of the embodiments described below.

Here, since the protruding sides 21c of the operation knob 21 are arranged in a comb-teeth shape, when the operation knob 21 is swung, the adjacent protruding sides 21c sequentially come into contact with the periphery of the plate-like body 22 sequentially. The displacement increases stepwise with respect to the strain gauge 26 in the direction of approaching and swinging the operating knob 21 toward the head, and decreases stepwise with respect to the strain gauge 26 in the direction of moving away. I will be. Thereby, stepwise control can be performed. Note that a slight gap is provided between the lower end of the protruding side 21c of the operation knob 21 and the plate-shaped body 22, but this provides a sense of moderation (touch to the hand) at the start of operation of the operation knob 21. This is not necessary.

FIG. 4 is a view showing another example of the support structure of the operation knob. FIG. 4 shows only the support structure, but the other parts are the same as those in FIG. In FIG. 4, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the corresponding components are denoted by the reference numerals in FIG. The inside of the boss portion 21a 'of the operation knob 21' is hollow, and a holding portion 21b 'is screwed into the lower end side of the boss portion 21a' by a screw structure. A fitting hole 21b-1 'having an inner surface tapered is formed in the holding portion 21b', and a fixed shaft 26 passes through the fitting hole 21b-1 'via a lower spring 24a. The lower end of the fixed shaft 26 is screwed to the upper portion of the support portion 23b 'of the support rod similar to the above. Further, the head 26a of the fixed shaft 26 and the boss 21a '
An upper spring 24b is disposed between the upper spring 24b and the inner ceiling.

The fixed shaft 26 is in a fixed relationship with the frame 5, and the operation knob 21 'is urged downward with respect to the fixed shaft 26 by the elastic force of the lower spring 24a, and the elastic force of the upper spring 24b. It is urged upward with respect to the fixed shaft 26. The urging force of the lower spring 24a and the upper spring 24
b and a balance between the operation knob 21 'and the support portion 23b' due to the balance between the biasing force of the operation knob 21 'and the weight of the operation knob 21'.
mm). In this state, the lower end of the protruding side of the periphery of the operation knob 21 '(not shown, but the same as the protruding side 21c arranged in a comb shape) and the plate-like body 22
And a slight gap is provided between them.

With the above configuration, the operation knob 21 'can swing in an arbitrary direction on the outer peripheral side with the contact point between the lower end of the fitting hole 21b'1 of the holding portion 21b' and the fixed shaft 26 as a fulcrum. Thus, displacement can be given to the plate-like body 22 in the same manner as described above. Further, the operation knob 21 'can be pushed down against the urging force of the upper spring 24b, whereby
The outer periphery of the plate-shaped body 22 can be pressed over the entire circumference by the protruding side of the peripheral edge of the operation knob 21 ', and the plurality of strain gauges 26 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) can be displaced almost equally. it can. When the operation knob 21 'is released, the operation knob 21' returns to the state shown in FIG. 4 by the urging force of the lower spring 24a.

Next, embodiments of the tone control will be described. (First Embodiment) The first embodiment is an example in which all four strain gauges 26 are constituted by piezo elements.
Outputs a signal corresponding to the time derivative of the displacement (displacement variation) at the time of displacement of the plate-like body 22. And the control circuit 10
Then, the envelope of the signal output from the strain gauge 26 is detected, and the tone elements are controlled as follows according to the envelope. When the four strain gauges 26 are distinguished in the following description, they are distinguished as “A” to “D” as shown in FIG. Then, four types of first to fourth types of control are performed corresponding to the output signals output from the four strain gauges “A” to “D”.

In the first control, the filter characteristics of the effect circuit 30 are controlled. The filter of the effect circuit 30 may be any filter such as a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, and a band-pass filter, and controls the cutoff frequency. For example, the cut-off frequency is controlled to be increased from the reference value by a signal corresponding to the case where the strain gauge corresponding to the first control is pressed. Thus, when the operation knob 21 is pressed in a direction determined in advance corresponding to the first control, the cutoff frequency is increased and the sound is controlled to be bright.

In the second control, pitch bend data is generated, and when the position of the strain gauge corresponding to the second control is pressed, a signal corresponding to the case is pressed, and the pitch of the key code specified on the keyboard is calculated. Is also controlled to increase the pitch in the range of several cents to a semitone. Accordingly, when the operation knob 21 is pressed in a direction predetermined in particular in response to the second control, the pitch is increased, and an effect such as a guitar choking performance can be obtained. It should be noted that control may be performed so as to increase the maximum by one octave, and the effect of portamento is obtained.

In the third control, the Q value (quality factor) of the filter of the effect circuit 30 is controlled. The signal corresponding to the case where the position of the strain gauge corresponding to the third control is pressed is controlled to increase the Q value of the filter. Thus, when the operation knob 21 is pressed in a predetermined direction particularly corresponding to the third control, the resonance characteristic (resonance) in a specific frequency or a specific frequency band (band-pass filter) is increased, and the high tone color is increased. Can be changed.

In the fourth control, panning is controlled.
The panning data is controlled to move the sound image localization to the left or right by a signal corresponding to the case where the position of the strain gauge corresponding to the fourth control is pressed. Accordingly, when the operation knob 21 is pressed in a predetermined direction, particularly in response to the fourth control, the sound image localization moves,
The effect of moving the sound field can be obtained.

As described above, when the operation knob 21 is pressed to a position corresponding to each control, the corresponding tone element changes particularly when the operation knob 21 is pressed by the first to fourth controls. Due to the vibration characteristic 22, changes in a plurality of tone elements appear in a mixed manner in accordance with the pressing direction of the operation knob 21. Thereby, a musical tone in a novel mode is generated.

In the first embodiment described above, the four strain gauges 26 are all constituted by piezo elements. However, as the strain gauges 26, an element which outputs a signal corresponding to the displacement of the plate 22 is used. , And a piezo element can be used in combination to generate a more novel tone. In addition, as an element which outputs a signal corresponding to the displacement of the plate-like body 22, there is the following.

For example, in order to control a musical tone according to the gesture of a person, a ribbon-shaped pressure-sensitive resistor is arranged at a finger joint or an elbow joint, and the degree of bending (displacement) of the joint is determined by the resistance value of the pressure-sensitive resistor. A pressure-sensitive resistance element that detects from a change in the pressure is widely used. Therefore, such a pressure-sensitive resistance element can be used for the strain gauge 26. For example, two strain gauges 26, 26 are piezo elements, and the remaining two strain gauges 2
6 and 26 may be pressure-sensitive resistance elements, or only one strain gauge 26 may be a piezo element and the other may be a pressure-sensitive resistance element.

(Second Embodiment) In a second embodiment, output signals of four strain gauges "A" to "D" are used for panning control. Note that the directions of sound image localization by panning are front, rear, left and right as viewed from the player side. Then, in FIG. 2 which is a rear view of the AA arrow view, the sound image localization is moved backward by the output of the strain gauge “A”, and the sound image localization is moved forward by the output of the strain gauge “B”. The sound image localization is shifted to the left by the output of the gauge “C”, and the sound image localization is shifted to the right by the output of the strain gauge “D”.

Here, if a piezo element is used as each strain gauge 26, control is performed by a signal corresponding to the time derivative of the displacement of the plate-like body 22 (the amount of change in displacement). Once moved, it returns immediately, and when the operation of the operation knob 21 is stopped, control can be performed so that the sound image moves in the opposite direction and returns immediately. On the other hand, the above-described pressure-sensitive resistance element is used as the strain gauge 26,
When a signal corresponding to the displacement of the plate-shaped body 22 is detected by the pressure-sensitive resistance element and the panning is controlled by an output corresponding to the displacement, the state where the sound image is moved to an arbitrary position corresponding to the operation of the operation knob 21 is obtained. You can keep it.

(Third Embodiment) In a third embodiment, the output of two strain gauges 26, 26 out of the strain gauges 26 is used.
This is an example of controlling a physical model sound source. In this example, the sound source 20 is a physical model sound source that simulates, for example, a bowed musical instrument or a wind instrument, and controls a tone according to MIDI standard parameters to produce a tone. For example, in the case of a physical model sound source of a bowed instrument, the parameter of the speed information output from the control circuit 10 is used as the parameter of the bow speed, and the parameter of the force information is processed as the parameter of the bow pressure. If it is a physical model sound source of a wind instrument, the control circuit 10
Are processed as parameters of the breath pressure and parameters of the force information as parameters of the embouchure. By controlling these parameters, it is possible to control the pitch at the start of the musical tone, that is, the attack pitch. By controlling the attack pitch in this way, it is possible to simulate the modulation of the pitch of the natural musical instrument to the high-pitched side, especially during strong sounding.

The control circuit 10 converts the output of one strain gauge 26 into a parameter of speed information, and
The output of the other strain gauge 26 is converted into a parameter of force information and output to the sound source 20. However, for a parameter to be output to the sound source 20 and for which a certain value needs to be held during sound generation, a signal corresponding to the displacement of the plate 22 is output to the corresponding strain gauge 26 as described above. Such an element (for example, the pressure-sensitive resistance element) is used. That is, a plurality of tone elements to be controlled can be controlled with physical quantities suitable for the types of tone elements.

In order to control the physical model sound source in this manner, the strain gauge 2 is controlled in consideration of the characteristics of the musical sound to be generated, the vibration characteristics of the plate 22 and the characteristics of the strain gauge 26.
It is necessary to set in advance what parameter value to convert the output of No. 6 into. However, since a plurality of parameters can be controlled by a single operation of one operation knob 21 by the vibration characteristics of the plate-like body 22, the configuration of the operation unit 2 of the embodiment is suitable for controlling a physical model sound source. You can say that.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and examples, and the number of strain gauges is not limited to four but may be plural. Further, the number of piezo elements and pressure-sensitive elements used as strain gauges may be arbitrary.

In the embodiment, the control of the timbre (cutoff frequency of the filter, the Q value), the control of the pitch, the control of the localization of the sound image, and the like have been described. However, other tone elements may be controlled.

In the embodiment, the plate-like body 22 is disk-shaped, but may be a regular polygon or a polygon close thereto.

In the embodiment, the operation knob 21 has a dome shape, but the operation knob may have another shape.
Further, in the embodiment, the plate-like body is displaced by the operation knob. However, a structure in which the operation knob is eliminated and the plate-like body is directly displaced by a finger or the like may be used.

In the embodiment, the electronic musical instrument has been described as an example. However, the operation unit is configured as a separate device, and this operation unit is connected to another electronic musical instrument or a personal computer, and the output of the operation unit is output. The musical sound may be controlled by another electronic musical instrument, a personal computer, or the like based on this.

[0042]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
According to the musical tone control device, the output of one distortion detecting means for controlling a certain musical tone element and the other musical tone elements are controlled by a plurality of distortion detecting means fixed to one plate-like body. The output of one of the distortion detecting means substantially interferes with each other, and it is possible to control the generation of a musical sound in a novel mode. Further, by appropriately reflecting the output of the distortion detecting means in the musical tone parameters, the present invention can be applied to the simulation of natural musical instruments.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional front view of an operation unit of a musical sound control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a plate-like body of an operation unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a support mechanism of an operation knob of an operation unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating another example of a support mechanism of an operation knob of an operation unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of an electronic musical instrument using the musical tone control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a main block diagram of the electronic musical instrument.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... operation part, 21 and 21 '... operation knob, 22 ... plate-like body,
23: support rod (fixed part), 26: strain gauge (strain detecting means), 10: control circuit, 20: sound source, 30: effect circuit

Claims (1)

[Claims] An elastic radial plate-shaped body is provided, and the outer periphery of the plate-shaped body is displaceable from the center of the plate-shaped body by fixing the center of the plate-shaped body to a fixed portion. A plurality of distortion detecting means are fixed to the displaceable portion, and a plurality of tone elements are controlled based on outputs of the plurality of distortion detecting means obtained by pressing the peripheral portion of the plate-like body. A tone control device characterized by the following.