JP2000287628A - Fish farm feed - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Problem] Good sedimentation for cultivation of salmon trout, yellowtail, amberjack, leek, maji, red sea bream, flounder, puffer fish, etc.
Provide a feed for fish farming that has excellent moldability and is not easily washed away by water. SOLUTION: An ordinary fish feed is added with a fatty acid metal salt, for example, fatty acid calcium at a product weight ratio of 0.3 to 15%, and subjected to an extruder treatment. Thus, a feed for fish farming having excellent moldability can be obtained. Feeding feed is less likely to be washed away by running water, which is also highly effective in preventing environmental pollution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feed for fish farming. More specifically, the present invention relates to a feed for fish farming which has good sedimentation properties without being washed away by water, has no long and short variations, and has excellent moldability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When cultivating salmon trout, yellowtail, amberjack, gibberfish, red sea bream, red sea bream, flounder, puffer fish, etc. in ponds and cages, feed for fish farming is not drained into the water and can be fed to the habitats of these fish. The feed needs to settle. Therefore, as a method of imparting sedimentation to this fish feed, a method of adding an antifoaming agent such as CMC or a certain emulsifier, or a pellet having a large specific gravity by reducing the feed amount of the raw material during extrusion, etc. Method,
A method of feeding a frozen feed to a fish habitat (JP-A-6-125716) is known, but none of these methods is satisfactory in terms of sedimentation and production cost. Particularly in the winter season, fish are inactive and EPs are unlikely to settle out, so it is easy for fish to flow out of the cage. As a result, when aquaculture is performed using the conventional feed, the feed is washed away by water, and not only the feeding efficiency is reduced, but also the problem of deteriorating the environment around the livestock cage occurs.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides good sedimentation and excellent moldability regardless of the season for cultivation of salmon trout, yellowtail, amberjack, gibberfish, horse mackerel, red sea bream, flounder, puffer fish, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a feed for fish farming that is difficult to be washed away by water. It is another object of the present invention to provide a feed for fish farming that prevents environmental pollution due to the loss of floating bait by cultivating salmon trout, yellowtail, amberjack, gibberfish, Thai, horse mackerel, flounder, puffer fish and the like.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have found that seasoning can be achieved by adding 0.3 to 15% by weight of a fatty acid metal salt, for example, fatty acid calcium, to a normal fish feed for extruder treatment. Regardless, the present inventors have found that a fish feed with good sedimentation properties, no long and short variations and excellent moldability can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed based on this finding. That is, the present invention provides a fatty acid metal salt in an amount of 0.3 to 15%.
(Product weight ratio) This is a fish feed for fish farming which has good sedimentation properties, has no long and short variation, and is excellent in moldability by extruding a fish feed material containing the same.

[0005] Generally, so-called "extrusion pellets (EP feed)" or "floating baits" (EP crumble) obtained by shaping a feed material for aquaculture into porous pellets using an extruder are used for hamachi, sweetfish and the like. Widely used as a feed for aquaculture (published by Midori Shobo, “Aquaculture” 198
October 2005, p. 102, same book 1986 extra edition 11
0 page). This extrusion pellet has a specific gravity of around 0.3 and is easy to float and is flushed with running water. Improper.

In order to suppress the ease of floating and enhance the sedimentation, it is necessary to control the operating conditions such as reducing the amount of feed during extrusion and operating.
This method naturally has a disadvantage that the production cost is greatly increased. On the other hand, a fish feed produced by adding a fatty acid salt to an ordinary compounded feed and extruder processing has a higher bulk specific gravity, better sedimentation, and a longer and shorter variation than when no fatty acid salt is added. In addition, a feed pellet for fish farming which was extremely low in moldability was obtained. This situation is shown below.

[0007]

[Table 1]

[0008] Each of the above-mentioned feed ingredients is mixed with a biaxial extract.
Using an extruder, prepare EP feed with a diameter of 3 mm.
Then, the floating ratio, bulk specific gravity, and variation in length were measured.
Table 2 shows the results. Operating conditions of the twin-screw extruder (implemented under the operating conditions that make it easy to ascend):  Feed rate: 50 kg / h Water content: 32% Screw rotation speed: 300 rpm Barrel temperature: Inlet → outlet: 70, 78, 96, 140 ° C

[0009]

[Table 2]

Note 1) Floating ratio: 100 EP feeds are placed in a 2 liter beaker containing water. When the ups and downs of the EP were determined, the ratio of the floating EP was measured. Note 2) Bulk specific gravity (g / cc): Measured by an ordinary method. Note 3) Long / short variations: Long / short variations are relatively evaluated, and evaluation points are shown from 5 points (less variation) to 1 point (large variation).

In addition to the feed having the composition shown in Table 1, a feed to which the fatty acid calcium shown in Table 3 was added was prepared, and each property was measured by the methods shown above. Table 3 shows the results.
The replacement of fatty acid calcium was carried out with fish oil and fish meal, and the crude fat content in each section was almost the same.

[0012]

[Table 3]

On the basis of the mixing ratio shown in Table 1, the operating conditions of the twin-screw extruder were adjusted to a feed amount of 50 kg.
/ Hour, water addition rate 32%, screw rotation speed 180 rpm,
It was prepared under the operating condition of a barrel temperature of 70-140 ° C., which was relatively easy to settle, and the properties shown above were measured. Table 4 shows the results
Shown in

[0014]

[Table 4]

As described above, in the present invention, the fatty acid metal salt is contained in the mixture of various raw materials of fish feed for 0.3 to 15%, so that the bulk specific gravity is high, the sedimentation is good, and the long and short variation is obtained. In addition, it is possible to obtain a feed for fish farming which is extremely low in moldability. Further, based on the blending ratio shown in Table 1, the EP feed was prepared in the same manner as above instead of the various binders shown in Table 5, and the floating ratio,
The specific gravity of the bulk and the variation in length were measured. Table 5 shows the results.

[0016]

[Table 5]

When the fatty acid metal salt is used in an amount of 0.3 to 15% in the feed, a good feed can be obtained with a small sedimentation property and a short and long variation. , Yellowtail, amberjack, gibberfish, horse mackerel, red sea bream, puffer fish and the like give good growth results. The upper limit of the amount of the fatty acid metal salt used is not particularly limited in terms of bulk specific gravity and variation, but is preferably about 15% from the hardness of the feed and the appropriate amount of fat used.

There are no particular restrictions on the feed material used,
Animal raw materials such as fish meal, krill meal, flour, powder,
Grains such as potato starch, rice bran and bran such as bran, soybean oil lees, vegetable oil lees such as corn gluten meal, sugars, vegetable oils and fats such as soybean oil, and other vitamins, minerals, bile powder, and yeast. Raw materials used as feed for fish farming are used. The above fatty acid salts are added to these raw materials,
Mix and extrude.

Extruder treatment may be carried out in a conventional manner, and it is not necessary to reduce the amount of raw materials or semi-finished products to be fed into the extruder. It is easier to obtain preferable results. As the fatty acid salts, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of fatty acids prepared from natural lipids such as fish oil, soybean oil and refined palm oil are used, and fatty acid calcium salts are particularly preferably used.

The feed for fish farming obtained according to the present invention is mainly salmon trouts such as rainbow trout, gin salmon, char, yamame, amago, etc., horse mackerel such as yellowtail, amberjack, hiramasa, horse mackerel, etc .; It is suitable as a feed for puffer fish, etc. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.

[0021]

Example 1 69 parts of fish meal, 25 parts of flour, and 2 parts of a vitamin and mineral mixture were mixed with 4 parts of fatty acid calcium, and mixed using a twin-screw extruder TEM-5013 manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd. to 3.0 mm. EP feeds of different diameters were prepared. The operating condition of the twin-screw extruder is such that the EP feed is most likely to float, and the feed rate is 50 kg / hour, the water content is 32%, the screw speed is 300 rpm, and the barrel temperature is 70-140 ° C.

The obtained EP feed had a large floating rate of 2%, a bulk specific gravity of 0.507 g / cc, was free from long and short variations, and had a beautiful columnar shape. A control feed in which fish meal was mixed in place of the fatty acid calcium of this EP feed was prepared under the same conditions as above, and the physical properties were measured. As a result, the floating ratio was 100% and the bulk specific gravity was 0.391. FIGS. 1 to 3 show stereomicrographs (about 7 times) of the EP feed and the control group product.

The EP feed and the control product obtained above were used as feed and 1.3 m while injecting 10 tons / hour of groundwater from each of two 2 × 10 × 1.8 m running ponds. A four-sided net pond cage (5 mm stitch) is set in the center of the pond,
0 g of rainbow trout were reared by 10 fish. In each pond, 5 g of the EP feed and the control product of the present invention was administered to the center of the cage using an automatic feeder according to the feed rate table for 2 minutes, and the feed was continuously performed for 5 days. At that time, the ratio of the amount of rainbow trout that could be eaten without flowing out of the net cage out of the total dose was calculated as the rainbow trout eating ratio and is shown in Table 6.

[0024]

[Table 6]

Example 2 40 kg of EP feed having the compounding ratio shown in Table 7 was prepared by the method of Example 1. An EP feed containing 6 parts of fish oil in place of the fatty acid calcium was prepared in the same manner for the control.

[0026]

[Table 7]

A rainbow trout having an average body weight of 30 g was placed in a 1-ton circulating water tank made of FRP set at 10 ° C. for 50 tanks per water tank.
The animals were housed one by one and subjected to a breeding test. The EP feed-fed section of the present invention, the control section, the product-fed section were assigned 3 repetitions each,
The animals were bred for 28 days while feeding a fixed amount twice a day based on the feed rate table. Table 8 shows the breeding test results. From Table 8, it is clear that the product of the present invention has much better growth performance.

[0028]

[Table 8]

[0029]

According to the present invention, an ordinary fish feed is added with a fatty acid metal salt, for example, fatty acid calcium in an amount of 0.3 to 15% in terms of a product weight ratio, and is subjected to an extruder treatment, so that the sedimentation is good and the length is short and long. Thus, a feed for fish farming which is excellent in moldability without variation of the fish can be obtained. In addition, since the sedimentation is good, there is no variation in length and shortness, and the moldability is excellent, the feed is less likely to be flown into running water, so that the effect of preventing environmental pollution is also high.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a stereomicrograph (× 7) of an EP feed of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a stereoscopic microscope photograph (7
Times).

FIG. 3 is a stereomicrograph (approximately 7 times) of an EP feed of the present invention and a control group product side by side.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2B005 GA01 GA02 JA04 KA01 MB07 2B150 AA08 AB20 AE01 AE29 DA32 DH01 DH04

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An extruder-processed fish feed material containing 0.3 to 15% (product weight ratio) of a fatty acid metal salt has good sedimentation properties, has no long and short variations, and has good moldability. Excellent feed for fish farming. 2. The fish feed according to claim 1, wherein the fatty acid metal salt is a fatty acid calcium, which has good sedimentation, has no variation in length and shortness, and has excellent moldability.