JP2000297793A - Reversible pump - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To simplify a piping system by reversibly changing the suction and discharge directions of a pump itself and to obviate a complicated operation for changing a moving direction of water. SOLUTION: The pump casing has a double structure of an outer casing 1 having openings 6 and 7 for liquid inflow and an inner casing 2 having openings 14 and 15 for suction and discharge, and the inner casing 2 is rotated. To change the suction / discharge direction. In addition, a recess 16 is provided on the outer periphery of the inner casing 2 so as to overlap the openings 6 and 7 of the outer casing 1 when the liquid is shut off, and a communication hole 17 communicating with the inside is provided at the bottom thereof. Then, a seal member 18 having a laminated structure of an elastic seal member 18a and a rigid plate member 18b is loaded into the recess 16, and when shut off, high-pressure-side pressure water flows from the peripheral edge of one seal member 18 and passes through the communication hole 17. The other sealing member 18 is pressed to enhance the sealing effect.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid rotary pump suitable for use as, for example, a healing pump, a backwashing pump, or a ballast pump for ships.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a healing pump for moving water between healing tanks arranged on the starboard and port sides to prevent the ship from tilting due to single stacking, etc., and a ballast for injecting and discharging ballast water for maintaining the stability of the ship As a pump,
For example, a centrifugal pump for pumping a liquid by using centrifugal force generated by rotation of an impeller has been conventionally used.

[0003] A centrifugal pump generally comprises a casing, a shaft and an impeller. Then, a suction port and a discharge port are provided in the casing, and in the case of a vertical pump, a suction chamber is provided inside the casing at a lower side,
In addition, a vortex chamber is formed on the upper side, the shaft is disposed vertically at the center of the vortex chamber, the lower end is screwed to the impeller, and the upper end of the shaft is connected to a driving device (motor) via a joint. .

The centrifugal pump is installed, for example, as a healing pump between the healing tanks on the starboard and port sides of a container ship or a ferry boat, and the pump suction port and the discharge port are connected to each tank by piping. In addition, since the suction and discharge directions of the centrifugal pump itself are fixed, multiple valves are arranged in the piping system to change the flow direction of water, and each time the ship tilts, the valves are opened and closed. The direction of water movement is changed, and the healing pump is driven to move water between the tanks.

[0005]

The fact that the suction direction and the discharge direction of the pump are constant does not pose a problem in the case of a pump used for the purpose of moving water only in one direction. When this is used as a ballast pump, since the pump itself can only flow water in one direction, complicated piping and a large number of valves for changing the direction of water movement are required, and the piping is large in a short time. In order to transfer a large volume of water, it is necessary to use a large-diameter pipe, and such a complicated and large-diameter pipe and a large number of valves and a complicated apparatus for opening and closing the valve are complicated in a limited space in the ship. And complicated operation for opening and closing the valve.

Accordingly, the suction direction and the discharge direction of the pump itself can be reversibly changed to simplify the piping system when used as a healing pump or a ballast pump.
Another object is to eliminate the need for a complicated operation for changing the moving direction of water.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention reversibly establishes a communication relationship between each opening of the outer casing by rotating a casing of the centrifugal pump with an outer casing having a pair of openings for liquid inflow and outflow. By adopting a double structure with an inner casing having suction and discharge openings that can be changed to a reversible pump, the pump itself can be reversibly changed in a suction direction and a discharge direction.

More specifically, the reversible pump is, for example, a casing having a cylindrical inner chamber and a liquid inlet / outlet opening the inner chamber radially outward at a position substantially symmetric with respect to a central axis. An outer casing having a pair of openings, a hollow rotor, having an outer peripheral surface that is substantially in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer casing, and the inside is bisected into one side and the other side in the axial direction by a partition wall. A suction chamber is formed on one side, and a vortex chamber is formed on the other side. The suction chamber and the vortex chamber are connected to each other by a flow port in the center of the partition wall, and suction is performed at a position substantially symmetrical with respect to the central axis. A suction opening for radially opening the chamber and a discharge opening for radially opening the vortex chamber; and an inner casing rotatably inserted into the inner chamber of the outer casing. It has a double structure.

Then, an impeller is disposed in the center of the vortex chamber of the inner casing, an impeller driving shaft connected to the impeller is disposed coaxially with the center axis of the inner casing, and the shaft is connected to the driving device by a connecting device. Connect to Then, a rotation operation device such as a lever for operating the rotation position of the inner casing is provided, and the inner casing is rotated by the rotation operation device, so that the suction opening and the discharge opening of the inner casing and the outer casing are formed. The communication relationship with the pair of openings can be reversibly changed.

In addition, at two outer circumferential positions on the opposite side of the inner casing with respect to the suction and discharge openings and separated circumferentially from the openings, the respective openings of the outer casing at predetermined rotation positions of the inner casing are provided. In addition to providing a pair of recesses having a size exceeding the peripheral edge of the openings, a pair of communication holes penetrating the bottom of each of the recesses and communicating with each other inside the inner casing are provided, and these recesses on the outer periphery of the inner casing are provided. A seal member, which has a laminated structure of an elastic seal material and a rigid plate material and closes the opening of the outer casing at a predetermined rotation position of the inner casing, is loaded in a free state.

The seal member to be loaded into the depression on the outer periphery of the inner casing has, for example, a laminated structure of rubber and stainless steel, and is loaded with stainless steel inside.

In this reversible pump, by operating a lever or the like to rotate the inner casing, a suction opening and a discharge opening of the inner casing are communicated with a pair of openings of the outer casing at predetermined rotation positions. The liquid introduced into the suction chamber from one opening of the outer casing through the suction port of the inner casing is pumped to the vortex chamber by centrifugal force due to the rotation of the impeller, and is discharged from the other opening of the outer casing through the discharge port. By discharging by approximately 180 degrees from that position, the communication relationship between the opening of the inner casing and the opening of the outer casing can be reversed so that the suction direction and the discharge direction can be reversed.

Further, by adjusting the rotation position so as to reduce the communication area between the opening of the inner casing and the opening of the outer casing, the flow rate can be adjusted, and by rotating to the non-communication position, Since the flow can be shut off, it can be made to function as a flow control valve, and it can also be made to function as a shutoff valve.

In the reversible pump, when the opening of the inner casing and the opening of the outer casing are not communicated with each other to shut off the flow of water, the rotating position of the inner casing is determined by the sealing member for moving the liquid into and out of the outer casing. By adjusting the pair of openings to a position where they are closed from the inside, on the side where high water pressure is applied through the opening of the outer casing, the pressure water wraps around the periphery of the seal member,
The pressure water enters the inside of the inner casing through the communication hole, and the pressure water acts on the back surface of the opposite seal member at the position closing the opening of the outer casing having the lower water pressure through the other communication hole. As a result, the elastic sealing material of the sealing member located at the lower water pressure is pushed outward through the rigid plate, and seals the opening of the outer casing on the lower water pressure side. The sealing effect increases as the pressure difference increases. Therefore, the flow of water can be completely shut off as a shut-off valve.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a reversible pump according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the outer casing of the reversible pump alone, and FIG. 3 is an inner casing and a reversible pump of the reversible pump. FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the reversible pump in a suction / discharge state, FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the reversible pump in a shut-off state, and FIG. 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the reversible pump in a shut-off state. It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of a sealing member.

The pump of this embodiment is used, for example, as a healing pump, and has a pump casing having a double structure of a fixed outer casing 1 and a rotatable inner casing 2, an impeller 3, and
A basic portion is constituted by the shaft 4 for driving the impeller.

The outer casing 1 has a cylindrical inner chamber 5 and a pair of liquid inlet / outlets 6, 7 for opening the inner chamber 5 radially outward at a position substantially symmetrical with respect to the central axis. Having. The pair of openings 6 and 7 are, for example,
It is connected to a pipe between healing tanks (not shown).

The inner casing 2 is rotatably fitted into the inner chamber 5 of the outer casing 1.

The inner casing 2 has a hollow rotor shape as a whole, and has an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer casing 1. The interior of the inner casing 2 is vertically divided (axially) by a partition wall 8, and a space below the partition wall 8 is surrounded by a guide wall 9 concentrically surrounding the center axis of the inner casing 2. A suction chamber 10 is defined on the central axis side, and a double-structure volute wall 11 eccentrically surrounding the central axis of the inner casing 2 is provided in a space above the partition wall 8 so as to be doubled on the central axis side. A vortex chamber 12 having a volute structure is formed, and the suction chamber 10 and the vortex chamber 12 are connected to each other by a flow port 13 provided at the center of the partition wall 8. It is a publicly known technique to form the pump vortex chamber into a double volute structure so as to prevent the run-out while maintaining the pressure balance.

The inner casing 2 has a suction opening 14 for opening the suction chamber 10 radially outward and a discharge for opening the vortex chamber 12 radially outward at positions substantially symmetrical with respect to the central axis. Opening 15 is provided.

A predetermined rotational position of the inner casing 2 is provided at two outer circumferential positions of the inner casing 2 which are substantially symmetrical with respect to the central axis and are circumferentially separated from the suction and discharge openings 14 and 15. Outer casing 1
The recesses 16 are provided so as to overlap the openings 6 and 7 and to exceed the periphery of the openings 6 and 7 by a predetermined size, and that the bottoms of the recesses 16 communicate with each other inside the inner casing 2 so as to communicate with each other. A communication hole 17 is provided at a position below the partition wall 8. In this case, the communication holes 17 communicate with each other through a space outside the guide wall 9 below the partition wall 8.

Each of the recesses 16 is provided with a seal member 18 in a free state (free-fitting state). The sealing member 18 is formed of a rigid plate material 1 such as a stainless steel thin plate on the back side of an elastic sealing material 18a such as rubber.
8b, and has a curved shape conforming to the outer peripheral surface of the inner casing 2 and the bottom surface of the recess 16. The openings 6 and 7 of the outer casing 1 are closed by the seal members 18 at the predetermined rotation position of the inner casing 2.

A rod 19 having a lever attachment portion 19a for attaching a lever for rotating the inner frame to the lower end is connected to the center of the lower surface of the inner casing 2. The rod 19 penetrates the center of the bottom surface of the outer casing 1, and the lever mounting portion 19 a projects below the lower surface of the outer casing 1.

The impeller 3 has a plurality of guide blades 20 having a predetermined curvature arranged at an equal pitch. The impeller 3 draws water from the suction chamber 10 through the circulation port 13 by centrifugal force due to rotation, and the vortex chamber 12 Is disposed at the center of the vortex chamber 12 inside the inner casing 2 so as to discharge the water. Further, the shaft 4 is disposed coaxially with the center axis of the inner casing 2 through the casing cover 21.
Is coupled to the center of the impeller 3, and the upper end of the shaft 4 is coupled to a coupling device 22 for coupling the shaft 4 to a motor for driving a pump (not shown). The casing cover 21 is provided with a packing device 23 above a boss portion through which the shaft 4 passes.

The pump according to the present embodiment is a type in which a driving motor is put up and suspended from a hole in a deck of a boat, and is mounted on the deck and fixed with bolts having an outer shape of approximately rectangular. Upper flange 24a for connection, lower end flange 24b for connection having a substantially rectangular outer shape large enough to enter through a hole in the deck, and four connections for holding and connecting the upper end flange 24a and the lower end flange 24b at predetermined intervals. An outer frame 24 including a rod 24c is bolt-connected to the connection flange 1a on the upper surface of the outer casing 1 at the lower end flange 24b.

An inner frame 25 for supporting a motor is disposed inside the outer frame 24. The inner frame 25 has an outer circular shape and an upper end flange 25a whose outer peripheral portion is mounted on the upper end flange 24a of the outer frame 24. The inner frame 25 has an outer circular shape and enters the inside of the outer frame 24 and fits inside the lower end flange 24b. A lower end flange 25b having a size, and four connecting walls 25c which are circumferentially spaced and connect the upper end flange 25a and the lower end flange 25b, are formed on the casing cover 21 at the lower end flange 25b. Bolt is fixed.

The pump according to the present embodiment is composed of the above-mentioned components. Among them, the impeller 3, the shaft 4, the coupling device 22, the casing cover 21, the packing device 23, and the inner frame 25 are integrally assembled as a unit in advance. . Further, the inner casing 2 is mounted on the outer casing 1 in advance. And
The outer frame 24 is inserted into the hole of the deck of the ship from above, the upper end flange 24a is placed on the deck and fixed with bolts, and the lower end flange 20b is bolted to the flange 1a on the upper surface of the outer casing 1. Then, from above the outer frame 24, the impeller 3, shaft 4, coupling device 22, casing cover 2
1, the integrated unit of the packing device 23 and the inner frame 25 is inserted, the lower end flange 25b of the inner frame 25 is bolted to the casing cover 21, and the upper end flange 25a is bolted to the upper end flange 24a of the outer frame 24. . Then, piping is installed such that one opening 6 for liquid inflow and outflow of the outer casing 1 is connected to one of the healing tanks on the starboard and port side of the ship, and the other opening 7 is connected to the other healing tank.

In this pump, a lever (not shown) attached to a lever attachment portion 19a of a rod 19 protruding from a lower surface of the outer casing 1 is operated by a driving device (not shown) to rotate the inner casing 2 in a rotational position. Is adjusted, the suction direction and the discharge direction of the pump itself can be reversibly changed. That is, in the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the suction opening 14 of the inner casing 2 communicates with the left opening 6 in the drawing of the outer casing 1, and the discharge opening 15 of the inner casing 2.
Communicates with the right opening 7 of the outer casing 1. When the pump is driven in this state and the impeller 3 rotates, water introduced into the suction chamber 10 from the left opening 6 of the outer casing through the suction opening 14 of the inner casing 2 is centrifuged by the rotation of the impeller 3. Vortex chamber 1 by force
2 and is discharged from the right opening 7 of the outer casing 1 through the discharge port 15, whereby water moves in one direction between the healing tanks via the pipe.
The inner casing 2 is moved from the position shown in FIGS.
Is rotated 180 degrees, the opening 1 of the inner casing is
The communication relationship between the outer casings 4 and 15 and the openings 6 and 7 of the outer casing is reversed, the suction direction and the discharge direction are reversed, and the direction of movement of water between the healing tanks is reversed.

Further, the rotational position of the inner casing 2 can be adjusted to a position where the area of communication between the openings 14 and 15 of the inner casing 2 and the openings 6 and 7 of the outer casing 1 is reduced. Flow rate adjustment is possible.

The pump has openings 14 and 15 of the inner casing 2 and openings 6 and 6 of the outer casing 1.
By adjusting the rotational position of the inner casing 2 so that the inner casing 7 is not communicated with the inner casing 7, the inner casing 2 can function as a shutoff valve and shut off the flow of water between the healing tanks. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotation position of the inner casing 2 is adjusted so that the seal member 18 closes the pair of openings 6 and 7 for liquid inflow and outflow of the outer casing 1 from the inside. By doing so, when a high water pressure is applied to one opening 6 of the outer casing 1 due to a pressure difference (head difference) between the healing tanks, as shown in FIG. Of the suction chamber 10 through the communication hole 17 at the bottom of the recess 16 and into the interior of the inner casing 2.
The sealing member 1 on the opposite side (right side) from the other communication hole 17 communicating through the space outside the guide wall 9 defining
8, the elastic member 18a of the seal member 18 is pressed outwardly through the rigid plate member 18b to seal the opening 7 of the outer casing 1 on the lower water pressure side. If the pressure difference between the healing tanks is reversed, the sealing direction will be reversed. The sealing effect increases as the pressure difference increases, and completely blocks the flow of water.

In this pump, an inner frame 25 for supporting the motor is fixed to the casing cover 21 by bolts.
By simply removing from the outer frame 24, the impeller 3,
Shaft 4, coupling device 22, casing cover 21, packing device 23, and inner frame 25
Can be pulled out of the upper part of the deck as an integral body, so that maintenance of the impeller 3 and the like is easy. Also,
After the integrated material is extracted in this manner, the inner casing 2
Can also be pulled out upward, so that maintenance of the inner casing 2 and the seal member 18 is also easy. And this pump has a frame (inner frame 25) supporting the drive motor inside,
Since the outer frame 24 is disposed outside and the outer casing 1 is connected to the outer frame 24 and installed by suspending from the deck, and the pump is not installed on the floor inside the ship, the piping on the floor is free. The degree of maintenance is large, and since maintenance can be performed by pulling out onto the deck without removing the pipe as described above, no maintenance space is required on the floor.
Moreover, since this pump can reversibly change the suction direction and the discharge direction of the pump itself, it does not require complicated piping and a complicated device for changing the moving direction of water,
The piping system can be simplified, the piping is easy, and the space inside the ship can be further increased.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the case where the present invention is applied to a healing pump, the reversible pump according to the present invention can also be applied to a ballast pump. It can be applied to a pump for use.

[0034]

The reversible pump of the present invention is capable of reversibly changing the suction direction and the discharge direction of the pump by rotating the inner casing.
This reversible pump is required to move liquid such as water in both directions, for example, as a healing pump for moving water between healing tanks, and as a ballast pump for filling and discharging ballast water By using it, it is possible to simplify the piping system, eliminate the need for a valve for changing the direction of movement of water, eliminate the need for a complicated device for opening and closing the valve, and save space on the ship. In addition, a complicated operation for changing the moving direction of water can be eliminated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a reversible pump according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a single perspective view of an outer casing of the reversible pump.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an inner casing and a seal member of the reversible pump.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the suction / discharge state of the reversible pump.

FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the reversible pump in a shut-off state.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an operation of a seal member in a shut-off state of the reversible pump.

[Description of Signs] 1 Outer casing 2 Inner casing 3 Impeller 4 Shaft 6, 7 Opening (for liquid in / out) 8 Partition wall 9 Guide wall 10 Suction chamber 11 Volute wall 12 Vortex chamber 13 Flow port 14 Opening (for suction) 15 Opening (For discharge) 16 recess 17 communication hole 18 sealing member 18a elastic sealing material 18b rigid plate material 19 rod 19a lever mounting portion 21 casing cover 24 outer frame 25 inner frame

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A suction pump and a discharge pump, wherein a communication relationship between each of the outer casings having a pair of openings for liquid inflow and outflow can be reversibly changed by rotating a casing of the centrifugal pump. A reversible pump having a dual structure with an inner casing having an opening for use, whereby the suction direction and the discharge direction of the pump itself can be reversibly changed. At two outer circumferential positions opposite to each other in the circumferential direction on the opposite side with respect to each of the openings, at a predetermined rotation position of the inner casing, overlapping with each of the openings of the outer casing, and having a size exceeding the peripheral edge of the openings. A pair of recesses are provided, and penetrate the bottom of each of the recesses and are mutually connected inside the inner casing. A seal member for providing a pair of communication holes through which the inner casing has a laminated structure of an elastic seal material and a rigid plate material in each recess on the outer periphery of the inner casing, and closing an opening of the outer casing at a predetermined rotation position of the inner casing; Is mounted in a free state with the rigid plate material inside. 2. An outer casing having a cylindrical inner chamber and having a pair of openings for liquid inflow and outflow opening the inner chamber radially outward at a position substantially symmetrical with respect to a central axis; The outer casing has an outer peripheral surface that is substantially in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer casing, and the interior is divided into two sides by a partition wall into one side and the other side in the axial direction, and a suction chamber is formed on one side, and the other side is formed. The suction chamber and the vortex chamber are communicated with each other through a flow port at the center of the partition wall, and the suction chamber is opened radially outward at a position substantially symmetrical with respect to a central axis. And an opening for discharging the vortex chamber outward in the radial direction is provided, and an inner casing rotatably inserted into the inner chamber of the outer casing; and a center of the vortex chamber of the inner casing. With the impeller arranged A shaft for driving the impeller, which is arranged coaxially with the center axis of the inner casing and connected to the impeller; a connecting device for connecting the shaft to a driving device; and a rotating operation for operating a rotating position of the inner casing. A reversible pump capable of reversibly changing the communication relationship between each of the suction and discharge openings of the inner casing and the pair of openings of the outer casing by rotating the inner casing. The inner casing has two outer circumferential positions spaced circumferentially from the openings on opposite sides of the suction and discharge openings, and the outer casing at a predetermined rotation position of the inner casing. A pair of recesses having a size overlapping with the openings and exceeding the periphery of the openings is provided. A pair of communication holes that penetrate through the bottom of each of the depressions and communicate with each other inside the inner casing. Each depression on the outer periphery of the inner casing has a laminated structure of an elastic seal material and a rigid plate material. A reversible pump, wherein a seal member for closing an opening of the outer casing at a predetermined rotation position of the inner casing is mounted in a free state with the rigid plate material inside. 3. The reversible pump according to claim 1, wherein the seal member has a laminated structure of rubber and stainless steel, and is loaded in the recess with stainless steel inside.