JP2000330031A - Stereo microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stereoscopic microscope, particularly a surgical microscope, capable of changing a display area of another image and its display magnification within an observation field of a microscope image and changing a center position of the microscope image. . SOLUTION: A wavelength limiting filter 7 provided near the image forming position of a microscope image I so as to be insertable into and removable from an optical path, an image display element 12, and a light beam from the image display element 12 are combined into a microscope optical path. An optical path synthesizing means 4, an imaging lens 5 for imaging light from the image element 12 at the position of the microscope image I, and the microscope image I and other images displayed on the image display element 12 via the wavelength limiting filter 7. And an eyepiece lens 8 for observing the magnification. The projection optical system for projecting the light beam from the image display element 12 to the optical path synthesizing means 4 includes a zoom optical system 19, and the zoom optical system 19 is operated in connection with insertion / removal of the wavelength limiting filter 7. ing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereoscopic microscope, and more particularly, to a method for simultaneously displaying other images such as an endoscopic image, a preoperative MRI / CT image and a nerve monitor waveform signal which are used at the same time in the same visual field. The present invention relates to a surgical microscope that is suitable for:

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, surgical microscopes have been used for neurosurgery,
It is used in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, and other surgical operations, and provides an observer with an enlarged observation image of the operative site, and plays an important role in improving the efficiency of the operation. In recent years, in order to make surgery less invasive, endoscopic observation has been combined with surgery that was conventionally performed only under surgical microscope observation, and surgical microscope observation images and endoscopic observation images It is desired to be able to observe at the same time. In addition, there is a demand for observing images such as preoperative MRI / CT images at the same time as a microscope image, and there is also a demand for enabling a nerve monitor signal and the like to be confirmed in the same visual field.

[0003] Conventionally, for example, a device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-333047 is known as a device that meets these requirements. FIG. 30 shows a configuration of a main part of the example. In this conventional example, image display means D such as a small LCD is used.
The endoscope image displayed above and transmitted through the projection optical system PO and the prism P inserted into the field of view of the microscope, and the optical image of the microscope can be simultaneously observed through the eyepiece IP of the microscope. It has become. in this case,
A part of the microscope image is missing, and an endoscope image is displayed at the missing position. Hereinafter, this display state is referred to as “picture-in display”. FIG. 31 shows a main configuration of another example. In this conventional example, the endoscope images RI ₁ and MR
The preoperative image RI ₂ and the nerve monitor waveform RI ₃ such as I are displayed side by side on the image display means D, and these are displayed on the prism P
Into the microscope field of view via the projection optical system PO containing
This is a picture-in display. FIG. 32 shows a configuration of a main part of still another example.
In this conventional example, the endoscope image R displayed on the display device D
I ₁ and the nerve monitor waveform RI ₃ are displayed on the image display device D together with a picture-in display which can be observed through the eyepiece IP of the microscope simultaneously with the microscope image via the projection optical system PO and the mirror M inserted in the microscope field of view. the nerve monitoring waveform RI ₃ which is through the half mirror HM shows a state that Omozo the microscope image. Nerve monitor waveform R
I ₃ is synthesized using a half mirror HM so that even if the image is superimposed on the microscope image, image information of the microscope is hardly lost. Hereinafter, this multiple image display is referred to as “overlay display”.

[0004]

When an operation is performed using a microscope and an endoscope together, the image desired by the operator changes as the operation proceeds. In other words, in a situation where surgery using an endoscope is mainly performed instead of surgery under a microscope, it is desirable to enlarge the display area of the endoscope and to enlarge and view the endoscope image. In such a case, if the display area is enlarged, the center of the visual field of the microscope becomes invisible, so that it is impossible to enlarge the endoscope image while securing the central image of the visual field of the microscope.
In addition, it is desirable to proceed with the operation while confirming the CT / MR image of the preoperative image in addition to the microscope image in the same visual field. That is, since the CT / MR image is a tomographic image, it is necessary to display a plurality of images to recognize the position of the tumor or to display one image to secure the field of view of the microscope. It is necessary to use differently depending on the scene, and it is therefore desired to be able to change the size of the display area of another image such as a CT / MR image. However, in the above-described conventional display method, it is only possible to select whether or not another image is included in the observation field of the microscope image, and it is not possible to change the size of the display area of the other image.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to appropriately change the display area of another image within the observation field of a microscope image. It is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic microscope suitable as an operation microscope, which can change the display magnification as well as the center position of a microscope image.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a stereoscopic microscope according to the present invention is a stereoscopic microscope in which an optical image of the microscope and other images are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope. And the other image is displayed by blocking a part of the area, and the area of the blocked area is changed.

A stereo microscope according to the present invention is a stereo microscope in which an optical image of the microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope. In addition to the display, the size of another image to be displayed in the blocked area is changed.

A stereo microscope according to the present invention is a stereo microscope in which an optical image of the microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope. In the stereo microscope, a display for displaying the other image separately from the optical system of the microscope is provided. An element and a projection optical system, provided with another image insertion member for inserting another image of the projection optical system into the field of view of the microscope optical system, and moving the other image insertion member in the optical path of the microscope optical system. It is characterized by having a moving mechanism.

A stereo microscope according to the present invention is a stereo microscope in which an optical image of the microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, and the display for displaying the other image separately from the optical system of the microscope. An element and a projection optical system are provided, an optical path combining member for coupling an optical path of the projection optical system to an optical path of the microscope optical system is provided, and the projection optical system is provided with a variable power optical system.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. In each embodiment, substantially the same members and portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a basic configuration of an optical system of an optical surgical microscope according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view showing a modification of the optical system shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the first embodiment, which corresponds to a left side view of a portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 1. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an objective lens, 2 denotes a zoom lens, 3 denotes a diaphragm (not necessarily disposed), 4 denotes an optical path synthesizing member, 5 denotes an imaging lens, and 6 erects an image direction. Is an image rotator, 7 is a wavelength limiting filter as another image insertion member disposed at a position substantially coincident with the microscope image I so as to be detachable from the optical path, 8 is an eyepiece, and S is an observation object. 3, reference numeral 9 denotes a light source, 10 denotes a light diffusing plate, 11 denotes a collimator lens, and 12 denotes a DMD (Digital Micromirror Dev) as an image display element.
ice-an element which can modulate brightness by arranging micro micromirrors (several tens of microns) in a matrix and controlling the tilt angle of each micromirror; 13 is a projection lens; 14 is a mirror It is.

The optical path combining member 4 is a combining mirror having three kinds of transmission bands having narrow bands as shown in FIG. The wavelength limiting filter 7 has only a portion 7a (see FIG. 5) corresponding to a portion where another image (an image other than a microscope image) is to be picture-in displayed when inserted into the optical path, as shown in FIG.
The portion 7b has a transmittance characteristic as shown in FIG. 6A and the other portion 7b has a transmittance of 100% as shown in FIG. 6B. The light source 9 is composed of three light-emitting diodes that emit three types of light having a narrow wavelength band as shown in FIG. 7, that is, red light, green light and blue light, and constitutes an image display means together with the DMD 12. I do.

Since the present embodiment is constructed as described above, light from the observation object S illuminated by a known illuminating device (not shown) passes through the objective lens 1, the zoom lens 2, the optical path combining member 4, and the image forming device. When the lens 5, the image rotator 6, and the wavelength limiting filter 7 are inserted in the optical path, the erecting microscope image I is formed through the wavelength limiting filter 7, and the microscope image I is formed by an eyepiece. 8 is observed through magnification. In this case, since the light from the observation object S has a wide wavelength band, even if the light passes through the optical path combining member 4 and is attenuated in a narrow band, the transmitted light amount as a whole hardly decreases. On the other hand, each color light emitted from the light source 9 is uniformly mixed by the light diffusion plate 10, converted into parallel light by the collimator lens 11, and made incident on the DMD 12. The light source light reflected from the micro mirror of the DMD 12 controlled corresponding to another image to be picture-in displayed passes through the projection lens 13, is reflected by the mirror 14, and is combined with the microscope optical path by the optical path combining member 4. The image is formed as another image at the position of the microscope image I via the imaging lens 5 and the image rotator 6, and is enlarged and observed together with the microscope image I via the eyepiece 8.

In this case, since the optical path combining member 4 has the transmission characteristics as described above, the reflected light from the DMD 12 can be efficiently reflected and combined with the microscope optical path. In addition, in a part 7a of the wavelength limiting filter 7, DMD
Since only the light from the lens 12 is transmitted and the light in the other wavelength regions is blocked, a picture-in display of another image which is bright and has a sharp boundary with the microscope image can be obtained (see FIG. 8). In addition, since the wavelength limiting filter 7 is selected to have a size that covers the entire visual field of the microscope, it is difficult to see out of focus in the visual field and to see the visual field at the edge when it is inserted into only a necessary part of the visual field. Can be eliminated. Further, since the wavelength limiting filter 7 is configured so as to be able to be inserted into and removed from the optical path, the size of the other image displayed by the DMD 12 and the insertion amount of the wavelength limiting filter 7 into the optical path are placed in conjunction. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, it is possible to always obtain an optimal in-view display simply by selecting a display pattern of another image. With this configuration, it is possible to display a plurality of images side by side like a CT / MR image or to enlarge and display one of them, and to display a display area like an endoscope image. And the magnification when the displayed image is observed through the eyepiece 8 is converted in a proportional relationship, so that other images can be observed as by optical zoom. In the embodiment, although the number of the image display element is one,
The same effect can be obtained even if a plurality of the filters are arranged in parallel and linked with the insertion amount of the wavelength limiting filter 7, respectively. Although three light emitting diodes are used in this embodiment, a single light emitting diode may be used for monochromatic illumination. At this time, the spectral transmittance characteristics of the optical path combining member 4 and the wavelength limiting filter may be adjusted to the wavelength of the light emitting diode.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a main part of a second embodiment of the present invention. The first embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a reflection type liquid crystal is used as an image display element and a light beam from the image display element is combined with a microscope light beam transmitted through the image rotator 6. And different. In the figure, 15 is a condenser lens, 16 is a polarizing mirror, 17 is a reflective liquid crystal, 18 is a reflected light beam from the reflective liquid crystal 17 reflected by the polarizing mirror 16 and the optical path synthesizing member 4 to form a microscope image I. This is an imaging lens whose focal length is adjusted so that an image is formed at a position substantially coincident with the surface.

According to this embodiment, the three colors of light emitted from the light source 9 are made uniform by the light diffusing plate 10 and then collected by the condenser lens 15.
And the polarizing mirror 16, and illuminates the surface of the reflective liquid crystal 17. Thus, the reflected light from the other image displayed on the reflective liquid crystal 17 is reflected by the polarizing mirror 16, passes through the imaging lens 18, and is combined with the microscope optical path by the optical path combining member 4 to form the microscope image I. An image is formed at a position substantially coincident with the image plane. Therefore, the other image displayed on the reflective liquid crystal 17 is displayed in a picture-in manner in the same manner as described in the first embodiment, and is enlarged and observed through the eyepiece 8 together with the microscope image. The operation and effect in this case are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The transmittance characteristic of the optical path combining member 4 is the first.
As described in the embodiment, if the characteristics of the valley portion can be set to a transmittance of 0% and a reflectance of 100%, the reflected light from the reflective liquid crystal 17 can be synthesized most efficiently. . However, in practice, the transmittance is preferably set to about 20% to 80% from the viewpoint that the color reproducibility of the microscope is not degraded and the loss of light amount is further reduced. Further, the wavelength width is preferably 50 nm or less in half width, and preferably 20 nm or less if possible.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a main part of a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the display magnification of the other image can be changed in conjunction with the change of the display size of the other image displayed in the picture-in mode. That is, reference numeral 19 denotes a zoom optical system as a projection optical system disposed between the DMD 12 as an image display element and the optical path synthesizing member 4. The zoom optical system 19 changes the magnification and moves the wavelength limiting filter 7. And are configured to be synchronized. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the magnification and the display area of other images displayed in the microscope field of view can be changed. The other operation and effects of the present embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and thus the description will be omitted.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a main part of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the zoom optical system 19 is arranged so that the optical axis thereof intersects the optical axis of the microscope at an angle Δθ in the third embodiment, and another image is formed at a position deviated from the center of the visual field. The image display element 12 (17) is also arranged such that its center position is located off the optical axis of the zoom optical system 19. Therefore, when a magnification operation is performed in this configuration, the other image displayed on the image display element 12 (17) is moved from the outside (X) into the microscope image as shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b). It can be displayed as a bite (starting from a mark). This is particularly useful in a situation where the display magnification needs to be increased in accordance with the increase in the display size, such as when the other image is an endoscope image.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a main part showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the center position of the microscope image can be changed in conjunction with the change of the display size of the other image displayed in the picture-in display. In the figure, 2
Reference numeral 0 denotes a movable deflector prism movably arranged on the microscope optical path to move the microscope optical axis with respect to the optical axis of the eyepiece 8, 21 denotes a driving unit for moving the wavelength limiting filter 7, and 22 denotes a drive. The movement of the wavelength limiting filter 7 is controlled via the means 21 and the variable deflection prism 20 is controlled.
Drive control means capable of controlling the movement of the motor. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 15A and 15B, the microscope image is moved by operating the drive control means 22 in conjunction with the enlargement of the display area of the other image. Can be done. In this case, the center is configured to move in a direction in which the microscopic image is not vignetting with respect to the direction in which the other image enters the microscopic image. As a result, the display area of other images can be enlarged without losing the amount of information of the microscope as much as possible, and workability can be improved. In particular, when applied to a surgical microscope, the visual field required for surgery can be improved. This is convenient because it is possible to obtain information on other images while securing the information.

Embodiment 6 FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing a main part of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment is different from the conventional embodiment in that the display size of another image which can be displayed in an overlay or picture-in display without using the wavelength limiting filter 7 can be changed and the center position of the microscope image can be changed. This is different from the embodiment described above. In the figure, 23 is a prism, 24 is a mirror, and the microscope image is a variable deflection prism 20 optical path combining member 4, an imaging lens 5, an image rotator 6, a prism 2
An image is formed on the DMD 12 via the mirror 3 and the mirror 24, while the light of the three colors emitted from the light source 9 is made uniform by the diffusion plate 10, and then is passed through the collimator lens 11, the mirror 14 and the optical path combining member 4. Synthesized in the microscope optical path, DMD12
It is configured to be irradiated.

Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, if the DMD 12 is observed with the light source 9 not turned on and the DMD 12 is in a state of total reflection (on state), as shown in FIG. Only the image appears in the field of view. In this state, the light source 9 is turned on, and at the same time, only the micro mirror of the DMD 12 corresponding to the other image to be displayed is left and all other parts are not reflected (off state). Only the other image as shown in FIG. 17 (b) appears. Therefore, if the switching of the ON / OFF state of the DMD 12 and the blinking of the light source 9 are repeated at high speed in synchronization with each other, an overlay display can be provided to the observer due to the afterimage effect of the eyes. If the prism 20 is moved in the direction of the arrow, the center position of the microscope image can be appropriately moved, and if the DMD 12 is appropriately controlled in connection with this, the display size and the display position of another image can be appropriately changed. Can be done. In the display of the other image, contrary to the above-described method, only the micro mirror of the DMD 12 corresponding to the other image to be displayed is left so that all other portions are reflected (ON state). Is also good.

FIGS. 18A, 18B and 18C are diagrams for explaining an example of picture-in display according to the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, the DMD 1 is turned on without turning on the light source 9.
2 is turned off, and the other portions are turned on, so that the image shown in FIG.
A microscope with a part missing as shown in FIG. 8 (a) appears. On the other hand, if the light source 9 is turned on and the part of the DMD 12 to be displayed in picture-in is turned on and the other parts are turned off, the other image as shown in FIG. Only the picture-in display is displayed. Therefore,
If the state shown in FIG. 18 (a) and the state shown in FIG. 18 (b) are repeated at high speed, the effect of FIG.
A picture-in display as shown in (c) can be provided. At this time, if the variable deflection prism 20 is appropriately moved in the direction of the arrow, as shown in FIGS. 19 (a) and (b), The center position of the microscope image can be moved appropriately,
In addition, by appropriately controlling the DMD 12 in connection with this, the display position and display size of another image can be appropriately changed.

Embodiment 7 FIG. 20 is a sectional view showing a main part of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the reflection type liquid crystal 17 is used as an image display element instead of the DMD, and the light combined by the optical path combining member 4 is applied to the reflection type liquid crystal 17 via the polarization beam splitter 25, and the reflection type liquid crystal 17 is used. The sixth embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that the reflected light from the lens is guided to the eyepiece 8 via the polarizing beam splitter 25, but the operation and effect are the same as in the sixth embodiment. Omitted.

Embodiment 8 FIG. 21 is an optical configuration diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment employs an eccentric variable magnification optical system in which the magnification of another image is increased according to the degree of penetration of the other image into the field of view of the microscope, and the other image can be concentrically superimposed on the microscope image. This is different from any of the embodiments described above. In the figure, the reference numeral L attached to the numeral code indicates the optical member for the left eye, and R indicates the optical member for the right eye, but the optical systems for the left and right eyes are configured except for the direction of reflection of the light beam. Since the operation and the operation are the same, only the configuration and operation of the optical system for the left eye will be described below, and only the reference sign will be displayed for the optical system for the right eye, and the description will be omitted. 26L is a collimator lens, 27L and 28L are reflection members, 29L is an eccentric variable magnification optical system, and 30L is a prism as another image insertion member. The eccentric variable magnification optical system 29L is configured such that when the magnification is changed, the size of the image is changed and at the same time the center position of the image is changed, and the magnification is changed in conjunction with the movement of the image insertion prism 30L in the arrow direction. Have been. That is, the eccentric variable power optical system 2
The optical axis OL of 9L is within the moving plane of the optical axis of the microscope image plane, and the distance between the optical axis OL and the optical axis of the other image observation system at the minimum magnification is d1, and the other image at the minimum magnification is d1. When the projection magnification is β1, the distance between the optical axis OL and the optical axis of the other image observation system at the maximum magnification is d2, and the other image projection magnification at the maximum magnification is β2,
It is configured to satisfy the condition of β2 / β1 = d2 / d1.

In this embodiment, the light beam emitted from the image display device comprising the DMD 12L or the reflection type liquid crystal 17 is reflected by the mirror 14L, converted into an afocal light beam by the collimator lens 26L, and reflected. The eccentric variable power optical system 2 reflected by the members 27L and 28L
It is incident on 9L. The eccentric variable magnification optical system 29L changes the projection magnification of the other image as the image insertion prism 30L moves into the microscope image, and projects the other image displayed on the image display element on the same plane as the microscope. In this case, as shown by the broken line, when the other image insertion prism 30L is only partially in the field of view of the microscope, the projection magnification of the other image is reduced so that the entire other image can be seen in the microscope observation. As shown, other image insertion prism 30L
Is fully inserted so as to coincide with the optical axis of the microscope image, the eccentric variable magnification optical system 29L changes the magnification so that the other image spreads over the entire other image insertion prism 30L.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, whether working mainly using a microscope image and viewing another image for reference or wanting to see another image in detail, it is necessary to keep an eye on the microscope in any case. Since efficient image information can be obtained, work efficiency can be increased. Since the microscopic image becomes almost invisible near the maximum of the other image, in this case, it is good to take the microscopic image to reduce the microscopic image and display it in the other image. An endoscope image is captured and processed using the endoscope image. This is effective when a microscope image is used to confirm the position of the endoscope. Also,
Since the left and right separate images can be displayed, stereoscopic observation is possible by displaying a stereoscopically photographed microscope image. Similarly, stereoscopic CT images and endoscopic images displayed on the image display device are also stereoscopically observed. You can do it.

Embodiment 9 FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing a main part of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment is different from the eighth embodiment in that one image display element 31 and one reflection member 32 guide the other images for the left and right eyes to the collimator lenses 26L and 26R for the left and right eyes, respectively. . This embodiment has an advantage that the apparatus can be downsized, but other functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the eighth embodiment, and therefore, description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, it is necessary to determine the display orientation of another image to be displayed on the image display element 31 in advance in consideration of the rotation of the image due to the reflection direction of the reflection member 32.

Embodiment 10 FIG. 23 is an optical configuration diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, one other image displayed on the image display element 31 is reflected by one reflecting member 32 for right and left eyes, and reflected by one collimator lens 33 for left and right eyes. The ninth embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that the components are guided to the members 27L and 27R, respectively. According to this embodiment, there is a feature that the structure for observing the same other image on the left and right is simplified. However, the other operation and effects are substantially the same as those of the eighth embodiment, and therefore, description thereof is omitted. I do.
FIG. 24 shows an example of a stereoscopic image display element 34 that can be used in place of the image element 31 in this embodiment. The stereoscopic image display element 34 includes an alternate image display surface 34a having a portion for displaying the other image for the right eye (hatched portion) and a portion for displaying the other image for the left eye (white portion) alternately. And a lenticular lens 34b disposed on the front side, so that different images can be observed on the left and right sides of a plane perpendicular to the other image display surface 34a on a plane including a direction having no curvature of the lenticular lens 34b. I have. Therefore, if this stereoscopic image display device 34 is used, stereoscopic observation of another image becomes possible.

Embodiment 11 FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a relationship between a microscope image and other images in a microscope visual field displayed according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
(A) shows a state in which the other image insertion prism 30L is slightly inserted into the field of view of the microscope, and (b) shows a state in which the prism 30L is fully inserted into the field of view of the microscope so that another image is displayed at the center of the field of view of the microscope. Each state is shown. This embodiment is different from any of the eighth to tenth embodiments in that another image is electrically enlarged and reduced in accordance with insertion and removal of the other image insertion prism 30L in the direction of the arrow. That is,
This embodiment is characterized in that an electronic zoom is used for enlarging or reducing another image. In this case, if the other image insertion prism 30L is arranged and placed such that the center of the field of view of the microscope is on the line on which the center of enlargement / reduction of the other image by the electronic zoom moves,
The user can easily select a microscope image and other images. Also,
If the magnification of the electronic zoom changes from β3 to β4, and if the area of the other image observable by the microscope changes from S3 to S4, the necessary other image magnification if the relationship β4 / β3 = √S4 / S3 holds. And the visual field of the microscope can be adjusted well.

Although only the left eye has been described above, the right eye can be similarly constructed as required, so that the above-described microscope image and other images can be stereoscopically viewed. Absent. In addition, when it is made possible to observe another image formed within the light beam common to the left and right,
Even if there are a plurality of observers, all observers can see the same image. In this case, if the stereoscopic image display element 34 shown in FIG. 24 is used, it is possible to perform stereoscopic observation while changing the other images on the left and right. However, since it is possible to observe a stereoscopic other image in a specific direction, it is practical to use an image element capable of displaying different other images in four directions. For this purpose, two vertical and two horizontal pixels are formed into one set, and a microlens is arranged on the central axis of the four pixels, the pixel is aligned with the focal plane of the microlens, and the position differs depending on the position of each set of pixels. If another image is displayed, different other images can be seen in four directions. Therefore, if this other image display element is used, a plurality of observers can observe a stereoscopic other image with one other image display element. To make other images easy to see, the eyepiece 8
It is good to make the optical axis of the other image coincide with the center of the other image, but in that state, the microscope becomes almost invisible. In that case, if the microscope image taken in the microscope is reduced and displayed on the peripheral part in the observation field of view, the situation of the microscope observation surface can be understood even during other image confirmation, and if a problem occurs, it will be dealt with promptly It becomes possible.

Embodiment 12 FIG. 26 is an optical configuration diagram of a main portion showing a twelfth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 27 is a left side view of FIG. This example is
In any of the above-described embodiments, the microscope light beam and the light beam from the image display device are directly incident on the same DMD through separate optical systems so that a microscope image and other images can be observed. different. In the figure, 35L and 35R are reflecting members for left and right eyes, 36L and 37L; 36R and 37R are image rotators for left and right eyes, 38L and 38R are three-time reflecting prisms for left and right eyes, and 39L and 39R are left and right eyes. DM
D, 40L, 40R are imaging points for the left and right eyes, 41L, 41
R; 42L, 42R are reflecting members for the left and right eyes, 43L, 4
3R is a left and right eye other image forming lens, and 44L and 44R are left and right eye reflecting members. Also in this embodiment, the configuration and operation of the optical systems for the left and right eyes are the same except that the light flux from the object transmitted through the imaging lenses 5L and 5R is reflected in opposite directions by the reflection members 35L and 35R. Therefore, only the operation of the optical system for the left eye will be described below, and the operation of the optical system for the right eye will not be described.

In this embodiment, the light that has passed through the imaging lens 5L is reflected at a right angle by the reflecting member 35L, enters the image rotators 36L and 37L, and changes the image by 180.
Rotate the image upright to erect the image. Image rotator 37
The light exiting L is reflected three times in the prism 38L, exits, enters the DMD 39L, is reflected there, and forms an image (microscope image) of the object at the imaging point 40L. This image is magnified and observed through the eyepiece 8L. On the other hand, the light beam emitted from the image display element 31L is converted into an afocal light beam by the collimator lens 26L.
The light is reflected by the reflecting members 41L and 42L, respectively, is reflected by the DMD 39L by the other image forming lens 43L, and then forms an image at the image forming point 40L. The other image thus obtained can be magnified and observed through the eyepiece 8L together with the microscope image.

In this case, by controlling the reflection direction of the DMD 39L, the display state of the microscope image and other images can be changed as illustrated in FIG. That is,
As shown in FIGS. 28A and 28B, the other image reflection range 45L can be changed within the reflection control range 46L of the DMD 39L, and the display magnification of the other image can be changed according to the change in this range. The relationship between the magnification and the display range is expressed by the above-mentioned relational expression β4.
/ Β3 = √S4 / S3 is preferably established.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the display state of the microscope image and the other image can be changed without moving the lens or the prism, and thus there is an advantage that the structure is simplified. The relationship between the optical axes of the optical system in the DMD 39L is as shown in FIG. That is, the optical axis 4 of the microscope image
Reference numeral 7 indicates that when the voltage applied to the DMD 39L is positive, the line of symmetry of reflection is a line 48, which coincides with the optical axis 49 of the eyepiece 8L. When the voltage applied to the DMD 39L is made negative, the reflection symmetry line becomes a line 50, and the optical axis 51 of the other image coincides with the optical axis 49 of the eyepiece 8L. The displayed portion is changed by the switching of the voltage.

For stereoscopic viewing, it is necessary to observe with both eyes. In that case, adjustment of the interpupillary distance is required. In this case, the interpupillary adjustment is performed by integrating the DMD 39L, the eyepiece 8L, the reflecting members 42L and 44L, and the other image forming lens 43L (portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 26) with the exit optical axis of the reflecting member 38L. In the direction of. In this case, since the imaging point 40L of the microscope moves, it is necessary to move the reflecting member 38L in the direction of the emission optical axis by half of the moving amount of the integral part in order to correct this. Since the space between the collimator lens 26L and the other image forming lens 43L is an afocal light beam, the focal position does not move due to the interpupillary distance adjustment. Furthermore,
According to the present embodiment, the tilt angle can be made variable to enable the observer to take a comfortable posture. For this purpose, the image rotators 36L and 37L are integrated and transferred to the image rotator 36L. And the prism 38 can be rotated about the incident optical axis of
L to 8L and the other image optical system are integrated so that they can be rotated with the optical axis incident on the prism 38L as the axis of rotation.
What is necessary is just to comprise so that it can rotate at the ratio of two.

In the above-described embodiments, the description has been made on the assumption that one reflective image display device such as a DMD or a reflective liquid crystal is used. However, the same effect can be obtained even when a plurality of reflective image display devices are used in parallel. Needless to say, by controlling these reflection-type image display elements, it is possible to simultaneously and easily control the brightness of the entire microscope and the change of the brightness distribution in the visual field. In the above description, the stereomicroscope, particularly the operating microscope, is assumed, but this is merely an example, and therefore, the present invention is also applicable to binoculars and other microscopes and monocular visual observation optical systems. Needless to say.

As described above, the stereo microscope of the present invention has the following features in addition to the features described in the claims. (1) In a stereoscopic microscope in which a microscope and other images are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, a partial region of a microscope image is blocked to display the other image, and the area of the blocked region is changed. Further, the size of another image displayed in the blocked area is changed.

(2) In a stereoscopic microscope in which a microscope and other images are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, a part of the microscope image is cut off and the other images are displayed.
A stereo microscope wherein a distance between a center of another image displayed in the blocked area and a center of the microscope image can be changed.

(3) The stereo microscope according to (2), wherein the center of the microscope image is movable.

(4) In a stereoscopic microscope for observing a microscope image and another image through an eyepiece of the same microscope, a display element for displaying the other image and a projection optical system are provided separately from the microscope optical system. Another image insertion member for inserting another image of the system into the field of view of the microscope optical system, moving means for moving the other image insertion member in the optical path of the microscope optical system, and provided in the projection optical system. A stereo microscope comprising a variable power optical system.

(5) The stereoscopic microscope according to the above (4), wherein an optical member for moving the optical axis of the optical system is arranged in the optical path of the microscope optical system.

(6) The optical axis of the projection optical system coupled by the optical path coupling means is parallel to the optical axis of the microscope optical system, and is separated from the optical axis of the microscope optical system by a distance. The stereomicroscope according to the above (4), wherein the light is incident on the microscope.

(7) The stereomicroscope according to (4), wherein the position where the optical axis of the projection optical system intersects the display element is different from the center of the display element.

(8) The stereo microscope according to the above (4), wherein the optical path synthesizing member has a light deflecting function.

(9) In a stereo microscope in which an optical image of a microscope and other images are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, an illumination optical system provided separately from the optical system of the microscope and illumination of the illumination optical system A stereo microscope comprising: an optical path combining member that guides light to an optical path of the microscope optical system; and a display element that displays the optical image and other images arranged in the optical path of the microscope optical system.

(10) In a stereomicroscope in which an optical image of a microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, a display element for displaying the other image and a projection optical system are provided separately from the optical system of the microscope. A stereoscopic microscope provided with an optical path combining member for coupling an optical path of the projection optical system to an optical path of the microscope optical system, wherein the optical path combining member has a light deflecting function.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to satisfy the display needs of a microscope image and other images which change as the operation progresses, and to operate other image information without losing the microscope image necessary for the operation. It is possible to provide a surgical microscope that can be provided to a person. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an in-view display device which can provide another image which is easy to view by a display method suitable for the characteristics of the other image.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a basic configuration of an optical system of an optical surgical microscope according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a modification of the optical system shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing transmission characteristics of an optical path combining member used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a wavelength limiting filter used in the first embodiment.

6A and 6B are diagrams showing transmittance characteristics of a wavelength limiting filter, wherein FIG. 6A is a transmittance characteristic of another image display portion, and FIG. 6B is a transmittance characteristic of a microscope image portion.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating light emission characteristics of a light source used in the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of display of a microscope image and other images according to the first embodiment.

FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C are explanatory diagrams showing different display examples of other images according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a main part of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a main part of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 12A and 12B are explanatory diagrams showing a state of a change of another image due to a scaling operation in the third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a main part of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a main part of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 15 (a) and (b) are explanatory views showing the movement of a microscope image and other images in the fifth embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing a main part of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 17A and 17B are explanatory diagrams illustrating an example of a change in the display state of a microscope image and another image according to the sixth embodiment.

FIGS. 18A, 18B, and 18C are explanatory diagrams showing another example of a change in the display state of a microscope image and another image according to the sixth embodiment.

FIGS. 19A and 19B are explanatory diagrams showing how the center position of a microscope image moves with the movement of another image according to the sixth embodiment.

FIG. 20 is a sectional view of a main part of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view of a main part of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a main part of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing a main part of a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a stereoscopic image display element.

FIGS. 25 (a) and 25 (b) are explanatory diagrams showing the movement of a microscope image and other images displayed according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing a main part of a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a left side view of FIG. 26.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement of a microscope image and other images according to the twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the reflection angle of each optical axis of a microscopic image by DMD and another image in the twelfth embodiment.

30A and 30B are views showing a binocular tube portion in a conventional optical surgical microscope, wherein FIG. 30A is an external perspective view, and FIG.

FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of display of a microscope image and various other images by a conventional surgical microscope system.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of display of a microscope image and various other images by a conventional surgical microscope system.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Objective lens 2 Zoom lens 3 Aperture 4 Optical path synthesis member 5, 5L, 5R, 18 Imaging lens 6, 36L, 36R, 37L, 37R Image rotator 7 Wavelength limiting filter 8 Eyepiece 9 Light source 10 Light diffusing plate 11, 26L, 26R, 33 Collimator lens 12, 39L, 39R DMD (Image display element) 13 Projection lens 14, 24 Mirror 15 Condenser lens 16 Polarizing mirror 17 Reflective liquid crystal (Image display element) 19 Zoom optical system 20 Variable deflection prism 21 Drive Means 22 Drive control means 23, 38L, 38R Prism 25 Polarization beam splitter 27L, 27R, 28L, 28R, 32, 35L, 35
R, 41L, 41R, 42L, 42R, 44L, 44R
Reflecting member 29L, 29R Eccentric variable magnification optical system 30L, 30R Other image insertion prism 31 Image display element 34 Stereoscopic image display element 40L, 40R Image formation point 43L, 43R Other image imaging lens 45L, 45R Other image reflection range 46L, 46R Reflection control range 47,49,51, OL, OR Optical axis 48,50 Line corresponding to mirror normal S Observation object I Microscope image

Claims (4)

[Claims] In a stereoscopic microscope in which an optical image of a microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, a partial area of the microscope image is blocked to display the other image, and the blocked image is displayed. A stereomicroscope characterized in that the area of the region is changed. 2. In a stereo microscope in which an optical image of a microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, a partial region of the microscope image is cut off to display the other image, and the other image is displayed. A stereomicroscope characterized in that the size of another image displayed in an area is changed. 3. A stereo microscope in which an optical image of a microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, wherein a display element for displaying the other image and a projection optical system are provided separately from the optical system of the microscope. And a moving mechanism for moving the other image inserting member in the optical path of the microscope optical system, comprising: a different image inserting member for inserting the other image of the projection optical system into the field of view of the microscope optical system. Characteristic stereo microscope. 4. A stereo microscope in which an optical image of a microscope and another image are observed through an eyepiece of the same microscope, wherein a display element and a projection optical system for displaying the other image are provided separately from the optical system of the microscope. A stereoscopic microscope comprising: an optical path combining member for coupling an optical path of the projection optical system to an optical path of the microscope optical system; and the projection optical system includes a variable power optical system.