JP2000514184A - 電子ピペッタおよび電気泳動バイアスのための補償手段 - Google Patents
電子ピペッタおよび電気泳動バイアスのための補償手段Info
- Publication number
- JP2000514184A JP2000514184A JP10504249A JP50424998A JP2000514184A JP 2000514184 A JP2000514184 A JP 2000514184A JP 10504249 A JP10504249 A JP 10504249A JP 50424998 A JP50424998 A JP 50424998A JP 2000514184 A JP2000514184 A JP 2000514184A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- fluid
- source
- microfluidic system
- capillary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
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- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
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- G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.電気泳動バイアスを補償する微小流体システムであって、 側部と、第1の端部と、第2の端部とを有し、第1および第2の部分にさらに 分割され、該第1および第2の部分の該側部が、反対極性の表面電荷を有するキ ャピラリーチャネルと、 該第1の端部にある第1の電極と、 該キャピラリーのチャネルの該第1の部分と該第2の部分との間の第2の電極 と、 該第2の端部にある第3の電極であって、該第1、第2、および第3の電極が 、流体が該第1および第2の部分を通って該第1の端部から該第2の端部に電気 浸透によってポンプされ、該第2の部分における電気泳動移動が、該第1の部分 における電気泳動移動と反対になるような電圧に設定される、微小流体システム 。 2.前記キャピラリーチャネルの前記第1および第2の部分が、それぞれ、ほぼ 等しい表面電荷密度を有する、請求項1に記載の微小流体システム。 3.前記キャピラリーチャネルの前記第1および第2の部分が、それぞれ、ほぼ 等しい体積を有する、請求項2に記載の微小流体システム。 4.前記キャピラリーチャネルの少なくとも1つの前記部分の前記側部が、フィ ルムによって規定され、該フィルムが、前記1つの部分の前記表面電荷を有する 、請求項1に記載の微小流体システム。 5.電気泳動バイアスを補償する微小流体システムであって、 第1のキャピラリーチャネルと、 該第1のキャピラリーチャネルと交差する第2のキャピラリーチャネルと、 該第1のキャピラリーチャネルから該第2のキャピラリーチャネルに移動する 対象物質を含む領域が混合され、該第1のキャピラリーチャネルに沿って移動す る際に電気泳動バイアスを補償するような形状を有する該第1および第2のキャ ピラリーチャネルの該交差部にあるチャンバと、 を有する微小流体システム。 6.前記チャンバが、前記第2のキャピラリーチャネルに向かって幅が狭くなっ ている第1のキャピラリーチャネルの長さに沿った側部によって規定される、請 求項5に記載の微小流体システム。 7.前記チャンバの側部が直線である、請求項6に記載の微小流体システム。 8.前記第2のキャピラリーチャネルの幅が、前記対象物質領域の長さとほぼ等 しい、請求項6に記載の微小流体システム。 9.前記対象物質が拡散定数を有し、前記第2のキャピラリーチャネルが、前記 対象物質が前記第2のチャネルからそれる前に、該第2のチャネル幅にわたって 拡散するような幅を有する、請求項5に記載の微小流体システム。 10.前記対象物質が、約1×10-5cm2/sec.の拡散定数を有し、前記 第2のチャネルの幅が、約10μmである、請求項9に記載の微小流体システム 。 11.微小流体システムに流体連通された、物質を該微小流体システムに導入す るための電子ピペッタであって、 該物質の少なくとも1つのソースに接触するための端部を有するキャピラリー チャネルと、 該キャピラリーチャネルの端部が該物質の該1つのソースに接触するとき、該 1つのソースからの物質が該微小流体システムに向かって該電子ピペッタに動電 学的に導入されるように、該物質の該1つのソースと該微小流体システムにおけ る第2の電極との間に電圧を印加するための電圧ソースと、 を有する電子ピペッタ。 12.前記キャピラリーチャネルは、約10から100(μm)2の断面積を有 する、請求項11に記載の電子ピペッタ。 13.前記電圧ソースが、前記第2の電極に対して負電圧を前記第1の電極に印 加する、請求項11に記載の電子ピペッタ。 14.前記キャピラリーチャネルが、基板においておよび該基板上のカバー要素 によって規定される、請求項11に記載の電子ピペッタ。 15.微小流体システムに流体連通された、対象物質を微小流体システムに導入 するための電子ピペッタであって、 該対象物質の少なくとも1つのソースと接触するための第1の端部および該微 小流体システムにおいて終結する第2の端部を有する第1のキャピラリーチャネ ルと、 該第1のキャピラリーチャネルの該第1の端部付近で終結する第1の端部およ び第1のスペーサ物質のソースにおいて終結する第2の端部を有する第2のキャ ピラリーチャネルと、 該1つの対象物質のソースからの対象物質および該第1のスペーサ物質のソー スからのスペーサ物質が、該微小流体システムに向かって該電子ピペッタに動電 学的に導入されるように、該少なくとも1つの対象物質のソースと該微小流体シ ステムとの間、および該第1のスペーサ物質のソースと該微小流体システムとの 間に電圧を印加する電圧ソースと、 を有する電子ピペッタ。 16.前記第1のキャピラリーチャネルの前記第1の端部付近で終結する第1の 端部および第2のスペーサ物質のソースで終結する第2の端部を有する第3のキ ャピラリーチャネルをさらに有し、 該第2のスペーサ物質のソースからの対象物質が、前記微小流体システムに向 かって前記電子ピペッタに動電学的に導入されるように、該電圧ソースが、該第 2のスペーサ物質のソースおよび該微小流体システムに電圧を印加する、請求項 15に記載の電子ピペッタ。 17.前記第1のスペーサ物質のソースが、前記第2のスペーサ物質のソースの イオン濃度よりも数桁大きいイオン濃度のスペーサ物質を保持する、請求項16 に記載の電子ピペッタ。 18.前記第1のキャピラリーチャネルの端部が、前記対象物質の少なくとも1 つのソースに配置されるとき、前記電極が、前記対象物質のソースに接触し、前 記電圧ソースが、該電極に接続され、該少なくとも1つの対象物質のソースと、 前記微小流体システムとの間に電圧を印加するように、該第1のキャピラリーチ ャネルに沿って配置された電極をさらに有する、請求項15に記載の電子ピペッ タ。 19.前記第1および第2のキャピラリーチャネルが、前記基板内において、お よび基板上のカバー部材によって規定される、請求項15に記載の電子ピペッタ 。 20.複数のソースから微小流体(microfluidic)システムに物質を導入する方 法であって、該微小流体システムは、端部を有するキャピラリーチャネルと、電 圧電位を該微小流体システムの電極に印加するための電圧ソースとを有し、該方 法は、 該キャピラリーチャネルの端部を対象物質ソースに接触させる工程と、 該ソースからの該対象物質が、該微小流体システムに向かって該キャピラリー チャネル内に動電学的に導入されるように、該電極に関して該対象物質ソースに 電圧を印加する工程と、 所定のイオン濃度を有するスペーサ物質のソースを選択する工程と、 該スペーサ物質が、該対象物質の次に、該キャピラリーチャネル内に動電学的 に導入されるように、該電極に関して該スペーサ物質ソースに電圧を印加する工 程と、 スペーサ物質によって分離される複数の異なる物質が、該異なる物質間で混合 することなく、該キャピラリーチャネル内に動電学的に導入され、該微小流体シ ステムに向かって輸送されるように、異なる物質ソースを用いて上記工程を繰り 返す工程とを包含する、方法。 21.前記スペーサ物質が、高イオン強度の溶液を含む、請求項20に記載の方 法。 22.前記スペーサ物質が、実質的に混合不可能な流体を含む、請求項20に記 載の方法。 23.前記スペーサ物質が、イオン透過孔を含む、請求項20に記載の方法。 24.前記キャピラリーチャネルが、約10〜1000(μm)2の断面積を有 する、請求項20に記載の方法。 25.前記キャピラリーチャネルの端部を前記対象物質ソースに接触させる前記 工程と、前記スペーサ物質が該キャピラリーチャネル内に動電学的に導入される ように、前記第1の電極に関して前記スペーサ物質ソースに電圧を印加する前記 工程とが、 該キャピラリーチャネルの端部を第1のスペーサ物質のソースに配置する工程 と、 該第1のスペーサ物質が、該キャピラリーチャネル内に動電学的に導入される ように、該電極に関して該第1のスペーサ物質のソースに電圧を印加する工程と 、 該キャピラリーチャネルの端部を第2のスペーサ物質のソースに配置する工 程と、 該第2のスペーサ物質が、該キャピラリーチャネル内に動電学的に導入される ように、該電極に関して該第2のスペーサ物質のソースに電圧を印加する工程と 、 複数の異なる対象物質が該第1、第2および第1のスペーサ物質の領域によっ て分離されるように、上記工程のうちの最初の2工程を繰り返す工程とをさらに 包含する、請求項20に記載の方法。 26.前記第1のスペーサ物質が、高イオン強度の溶液を含み、前記第2のスペ ーサ物質が、低イオン強度の溶液を含む、請求項25に記載の方法。 27.前記キャピラリーチャネルの端部が前記物質またはスペーサソースに接す るときに前記第2の電極がソースに接するように、該第2の電極を該キャピラリ ーチャネルから該キャピラリーチャネルの端部に沿って配置する工程をさらに包 含し、前記電圧印加工程が、前記微小流体システムの電極と、前記第2の電極と の間に電圧差を作り出す工程を包含する、請求項20に記載の方法。 28.前記電圧印加工程が、前記微小流体システムの電極に関して、前記対象物 質またはスペーサソースに負の電圧を印加する工程を包含する、請求項20に記 載の方法。 29.複数の対象物質を、チャネルに沿って第1の場所から第2の場所に移動さ せるための微小流体システムであって、該微小流体システムが、 該第1の位置および該第2の位置に電圧差を作り出すためのソースと、 該チャネルにある複数の対象物質領域であって、高イオン強度の第1のスペー サ領域と、低イオン濃度の少なくとも1つの第2のスペーサ領域とによって分離 される複数の対象物質領域とを含む、システム。 30.複数の対象物質領域を、チャネル上の第1の点から第2の点に輸送するた めの微小流体システムであって、該微小流体システムが、 各対象物質領域の両側にある一対の第1のスペーサ領域であって、高イオン濃 度を有する第1のスペーサ領域と、 少なくとも1つの第2のスペーサ領域であって、低イオン濃度を有する第2の スペーサ領域とを含む、システム。 31.前記第2のスペーサ領域が、前記第1のスペーサ領域よりも少なくとも2 桁(two orders)小さい大きさのイオン濃度を有する、請求項30に記載のシス テム。 32.前記第2のスペーサ領域が、1〜10mMの範囲のイオン濃度を有し、前 記第1のスペーサ領域が、100〜1000mMの範囲のイオン濃度を有する、 請求項31に記載の微小流体システム。 33.該基板に配置される少なくとも第1のチャネルおよび少なくとも第2のチ ャネルを有する基板であって、該少なくとも第2のチャネルは該第1のチャネル と交差しており、該第1のチャネルは、該第2のチャネルよりも深い基板と、 電気浸透流体方向付けシステムとを含む、微小流体システム。 34.前記少なくとも第1のチャネルが、前記第2のチャネルよりも少なくとも 2倍深い、請求項33に記載の微小流体システム。 35.前記少なくとも第1のチャネルが、前記第2のチャネルよりも少なくとも 5倍深い、請求項33に記載の微小流体システム。 36.前記少なくとも第1のチャネルが、前記第2のチャネルよりも少なくとも 約10倍深い、請求項33に記載の微小流体システム。 37.電気浸透流体方向付けシステムにおいて、流体ストリームを第1のチャネ ルに沿って制御可能に送達する方法であって、前記第1のチャネルが、少なくと も第2のチャネルと交差し、該流体ストリームが、異なるイオン強度を有する少 なくとも2つの流体領域を含み、該方法が、該第1のチャネルに、該第2のチャ ネルよりも大きい深さを与える工程を包含する、方法。 38.微小流体チャネル内で流体サンプルを輸送する方法であって、 少なくとも、第1のイオン強度を有する第1の流体物質のプラグを、該チャネ ルに導入する工程と、 少なくとも第1のサンプル流体プラグを該チャネルに導入する工程と、 少なくとも、該第1のイオン強度を有する第2の流体物質プラグを、該チャネ ルに導入する工程と、 少なくとも、第2のイオン強度を有する第3の流体物質プラグを導入する工程 とを包含し、該第2のイオン強度は、該第1のイオン強度よりも低く、 該チャネルに電圧を印加する工程をさらに包含する、方法。 39.前記少なくとも第1の流体物質プラグ、前記少なくともサンプル流体プラ グ、前記少なくとも第2の流体物質プラグ、および前記少なくとも第3の流体物 質プラグを導入する前記工程が、 前記チャネルの端部を、該少なくとも第1の流体物質のソースと接触させて、 該少なくとも第1の流体物質のソースから該チャネルに電圧を印加し、それによ り、該第1の流体物質が、該チャネルに導入される工程と、 該チャネルの端部を、該少なくとも第1のサンプル流体のソースと接触させて 、該少なくとも第1のサンプル流体の該ソースから該チャネルに電圧を印加し、 それにより、該第1のサンプル流体が、該チャネルに導入される工程と、 該チャネルの端部を、該少なくとも第2の流体物質のソースと接触させて、該 少なくとも第2の流体物質の該ソースから該チャネルに電圧を印加し、それによ り、該第2の流体物質が、該チャネルに導入される工程と、 該チャネルの端部を、該少なくとも第3の流体物質のソースと接触させて、該 少なくとも第3の流体物質の該ソースから該チャネルに電圧を印加し、それによ り、該第3の流体物質が、該チャネルに導入される工程とを包含する、請求項3 8に記載の方法。 40.請求項16に記載の電子ピペッタと、 複数の異なるサンプルが固定されるサンプル基板と、 該電子ピペッタを該サンプル基板に対して移動させるための並進システムとを 含む、サンプル抽出システム。 41.前記第1のキャピラリーチャネルの前記第1の端部と、前記第2のキャピ ラリーチャネルの前記第1の端部とが、前記電子ピペッタの先端の流体保持壁で 終結する、請求項40に記載のサンプル抽出システム。 42.前記複数の異なるサンプルが、前記サンプル基板の表面上で乾燥され、前 記電子ピペッタが、前記サンプル基板上の前記サンプルを再溶解させるための流 体量を放出することができる、請求項40に記載のサンプル抽出システム。 43.前記サンプルが、流体の形態で前記サンプル基板表面に塗布され、該基板 表面が、複数の流体局在領域を含む、請求項42に記載のサンプル抽出システム 。 44.前記流体局在領域が、比較的疎水性の領域によって囲まれる比較的親水性 の領域を含む、請求項43に記載のサンプル抽出システム。 45.前記流体局在領域が、比較的親水性の領域によって囲まれる比較的疎水性 の領域を含む、請求項43に記載のサンプル抽出システム。 46.前記流体局在領域が、前記サンプル基板の前記表面上に窪みを含む、請求 項43に記載のサンプル抽出システム。 47.チャネルを有する基板の使用であって、少なくとも第1の対象物質を、該 チャネルに沿って少なくとも第1の場所から第2の場所に輸送する際に、印加電 圧のために該チャネルに沿って輸送される少なくとも1つの低イオン濃度領域を 用いる、使用。 48.前記1つの領域のイオン濃度が、前記対象物質のイオン濃度よりも低い、 請求項47に記載の使用。 49.高イオン濃度のスペーサ領域によって分離される複数の対象物質が輸送さ れる、請求項47または48に記載の使用。 50.電気泳動バイアス補償における基板の使用であって、該基板がチャネルを 有し、少なくとも第1の対象物質が、該チャネルに沿って輸送され得、該チャネ ルが、第1および第2の部分に分割され、該チャネルの1つまたは複数の壁が、 反対の極性に帯電され、該第1の部分での輸送のために生じる該少なくとも第1 の対象物質についての電気泳動バイアスが、該第2の部分での輸送のために生じ る電気泳動バイアスによって実質的に補償される、使用。 51.第1の電極が、前記第1の部分の遠隔端に配置され、第2の電極が、該部 分の交差部に配置され、第3の電極が、前記第2の部分の遠隔端に配置される、 請求項50に記載の使用。 52.前記基板が、微小流体システムである、請求項47から51のいずれかに 記載の使用。 53.前記基板が、電子ピペッタである、請求項47から51のいずれかに記載 の使用。 54.前記電子ピペッタが、前記対象物質の輸送のための主チャネルと、該主チ ャネルに流体連通される少なくとも1つの別のチャネルとを有し、該別のチャネ ルから、該主チャネルに沿って輸送される別の物質が得られる、請求項53に記 載の使用。 55.前記別の物質が、複数の別個の対象物質の各々の間の緩衝領域として、前 記主チャネルに引き込まれる、請求項54に記載の使用。 56.流れ状態を最適にする際の微小流体システムの使用であって、該微小流体 システムが、少なくとも第1および第2の流体チャネルを有し、該チャネルが、 異なる深さを有する、使用。 57.一方のチャネルが、他方のチャネルよりも2倍〜10倍深い、請求項56 に記載の使用。 58.電気泳動補償における微小流体システムの使用であって、該微小流体シス テムが、第1のチャネルと、該第1のチャネルと交差する第2のチャネルとを有 し、該チャネルの交差部が、該第1のチャネルに沿って該第2のチャネルの方に 輸送される流体が該交差部で混合されて、該流体中のすべての電気泳動バイアス が分散されるような形状にされる、使用。 59.チャネルを有する基板を含む微小流体システムであって、印加電圧のため に該チャネルに沿って輸送される少なくとも1つの低イオン濃度領域を用いて、 少なくとも第1の対象物質が該チャネルに沿って少なくとも第1の場所から第2 の場所に輸送される、微小流体システム。 60.前記1つの領域のイオン濃度が、前記対象物質のイオン濃度よりも実質的 に低い、請求項59に記載のシステム。 61.高イオン濃度のスペーサ領域によって分離される複数の対象物質が輸送さ れる、請求項59または60に記載のシステム。 62.電気泳動バイアス補償における基板であって、該基板がチャネルを有し、 少なくとも第1の対象物質が、該チャネルに沿って輸送され得、該チャネルが、 第1および第2の部分に分割され、該チャネルの1つまたは複数の壁が、反対の 極性に帯電され、該第1の部分での輸送のために生じる該少なくとも第1の対象 物質についての電気泳動バイアスが、該第2の部分での輸送のために生じる電気 泳動バイアスによって実質的に補償される、基板。 63.第1の電極が、前記第1の部分の遠隔端に配置され、第2の電極が、該部 分の交差点に配置され、第3の電極が、前記第2の部分の遠隔端に配置される、 請求項62に記載の基板。 64.請求項59〜61のいずれかに記載のシステム、または請求項62もしく は63に記載の基板を含む電子ピペッタ。 65.前記対象物質の輸送のための主チャネルと、該主チャネルに流体連通され る少なくとも1つの別のチャネルとを有し、該別のチャネルから、該主チャネル に沿って輸送される別の物質が得られる、請求項64に記載の電子ピペッタ。 66.前記別の物質が、複数の別個の対象物質の各々の間の緩衝領域として、前 記主チャネルに引き込まれる、請求項65に記載の電子ピペッタ。 67.流れ状態を最適にするために、互いに交差する少なくとも第1および第2 の流体チャネルを有し、該チャネルが、異なる深さを有する、微小流体システム 。 68.一方のチャネルが、他方のチャネルよりも2倍〜10倍深い、請求項67 に記載のシステム。 69.第1のチャネルと、該第1のチャネルと交差する第2のチャネルとを有す る微小流体システムであって、該チャネルの交差部が、該第1のチャネルに沿っ て該第2のチャネルの方に輸送される流体が該交差部で混合されて、該流体中の すべての電気泳動バイアスが分散されるような形状にされる、システム。
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| US08/671,986 | 1996-06-28 | ||
| US08/671,986 US5779868A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1996-06-28 | Electropipettor and compensation means for electrophoretic bias |
| US08/760,446 US5880071A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1996-12-06 | Electropipettor and compensation means for electrophoretic bias |
| US08/760,446 | 1996-12-06 | ||
| PCT/US1997/010963 WO1998000705A1 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-06-25 | Electropipettor and compensation means for electrophoretic bias |
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| AU (1) | AU726987B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9710052A (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69732935T2 (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ333345A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW394843B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1998000705A1 (ja) |
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- 1998-03-20 US US09/045,339 patent/US6080295A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1998-11-24 US US09/199,225 patent/US6042709A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-01-21 US US09/488,801 patent/US6287520B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-05-03 US US09/848,717 patent/US6482364B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-04-04 JP JP2002102296A patent/JP3795823B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-12-18 US US10/323,320 patent/US7001496B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-10-12 JP JP2006278450A patent/JP2007108181A/ja active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004500241A (ja) * | 2000-03-31 | 2004-01-08 | マイクロニックス、インコーポレーテッド | タンパク質の結晶化のマイクロ流動体装置 |
| JP2003530549A (ja) * | 2000-04-10 | 2003-10-14 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | バイオポリマーアレイ用の極少量の液体を微量計量するための方法および装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3501297A (en) | 1998-01-21 |
| JP3795823B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 |
| WO1998000705A1 (en) | 1998-01-08 |
| NZ333345A (en) | 2000-09-29 |
| US5972187A (en) | 1999-10-26 |
| EP0815940B1 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
| JP2007108181A (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
| BR9710052A (pt) | 2000-01-11 |
| EP0815940A3 (en) | 1998-04-01 |
| US6042709A (en) | 2000-03-28 |
| DE69732935D1 (de) | 2005-05-12 |
| EP0909385A4 (en) | 2005-01-19 |
| US6287520B1 (en) | 2001-09-11 |
| US6547942B1 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
| JP3361530B2 (ja) | 2003-01-07 |
| DE69732935T2 (de) | 2006-02-02 |
| CN1228841A (zh) | 1999-09-15 |
| US20020017464A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 |
| AU726987B2 (en) | 2000-11-30 |
| TW394843B (en) | 2000-06-21 |
| EP0909385A1 (en) | 1999-04-21 |
| EP0909385B1 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
| US6080295A (en) | 2000-06-27 |
| US20030085126A1 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
| EP0815940A2 (en) | 1998-01-07 |
| US6482364B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 |
| US7001496B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 |
| US5958203A (en) | 1999-09-28 |
| JP2003075407A (ja) | 2003-03-12 |
| CN1329729C (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
| ATE292519T1 (de) | 2005-04-15 |
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