JP2000516372A - 弾性要素を有するバルブ - Google Patents
弾性要素を有するバルブInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000516372A JP2000516372A JP51090698A JP51090698A JP2000516372A JP 2000516372 A JP2000516372 A JP 2000516372A JP 51090698 A JP51090698 A JP 51090698A JP 51090698 A JP51090698 A JP 51090698A JP 2000516372 A JP2000516372 A JP 2000516372A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- diaphragm
- cage
- flow
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002449 FKM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
- G05D16/06—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
- G05D16/06—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule
- G05D16/063—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane
- G05D16/0638—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane characterised by the form of the obturator
- G05D16/0641—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane characterised by the form of the obturator the obturator is a membrane
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/02—Modifications to reduce the effects of instability, e.g. due to vibrations, friction, abnormal temperature, overloading or imbalance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
- G05D16/06—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule
- G05D16/063—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane
- G05D16/0633—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane characterised by the properties of the membrane
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/14—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power
- G05D16/16—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power derived from the controlled fluid
- G05D16/163—Control of fluid pressure with auxiliary non-electric power derived from the controlled fluid using membranes within the main valve
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
- Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
- Y10T137/7904—Reciprocating valves
- Y10T137/7922—Spring biased
- Y10T137/7929—Spring coaxial with valve
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8158—With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means
- Y10T137/8225—Position or extent of motion indicator
- Y10T137/8275—Indicator element rigidly carried by the movable element whose position is indicated
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
- Indication Of The Valve Opening Or Closing Status (AREA)
- Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. 流体制御バルブであって、 流体入口、流体出口、および該流体入口と流体出口との間の流体通路を有する 弁箱と、 流体を一方のケージ端部から受け入れるケージ内部、および、他方のケージ端 部において該ケージ内部と連通するキャップ開口を有するキャップ部を備えたケ ージ部材と、 上記弁箱内に組み込まれ、キャップ開口の近接位置からキャップ開口を離れた 位置に柔軟に動いて流体入口と流体出口との間の流体流れを制御する柔軟なダイ アフラムと を備えており、 上記ケージ部材が、流体を上記流体入口から上記ケージ内部を通して上記キャ ップ開口を連続的に通過せしめて上記流体出口に至らしめる流体通路の内部に組 み込まれており、 上記柔軟なダイアフラムがその周縁部に成型された屈曲部を有しており、柔軟 なダイアフラムが上記キャップ開口から離れて、上記バルブの流量キャパシティ ーを増加するように、実質的にドーム状となる全開位置に曲がりつつ動いたとき に上記屈曲部が延ばされるてなる流体制御バルブ。 2. 上記ケージ部材が上記キャップ部に形成された環状の弁座をさらに有して おり、上記柔軟なダイアフラムがキャップ開口に近接したときに上記弁座をシー ルし、キャップ開口から離れたときにシールが開放されてなる請求項1記載の流 体制御バルブ。 3. ダイアフラム中央取付部を有しており、上記ダイアフラムが該ダイアフラ ム中央取付部内に取り付けられるダイアフラム中央部を有しており、上記ダイア フラム中央取付部が、ダイアフラム板と上記ダイアフラムを上記環状弁座に着座 させるためにダイアフラム板を付勢するばね手段とを有してなる請求項2記載の 流体制御バルブ。 4. 上記成型屈曲部が、ダイアフラムを全開位置に曲げるために延び且つ凸状 となりうる成型凹状部を有してなる請求項1記載の流体制御バルブ。 5. 上記成型屈曲部が、ダイアフラムを全開位置に曲げるために延びる隆起し た屈曲部を有してなる請求項1記載の流体制御バルブ。 6. 流体制御バルブであって、 流体入口、流体出口、および該流体入口と流体出口との間の流体通路を有する 弁箱と、 流体を一方のケージ端部から受け入れるケージ内部、および、他方のケージ端 部において該ケージ内部と連通するキャップ開口を有するキャップ部を備えたケ ージ部材と、 上記弁箱内に組み込まれ、キャップ開口の近接位置からキャップ開口を離れた 位置に柔軟に動いて流体入口と流体出口との間の流体流れを制御する柔軟なダイ アフラムと、 上記ケージ内部に、上記他方のケージ端部およびキャップ開口を通過する流体 の剥離を低減し、流体が他方のケージ端部から出てキャップ開口に入るときの流 れ回復の所要領域を低減するための流れそらせ手段と を備えており、 上記ケージ部材が、流体を上記流体入口から上記ケージ内部を通して上記キャ ップ開口を連続的に通過せしめて上記流体出口に至らしめる流体通路の内部に組 み込まれてなる流体制御バルブ。 7. 上記流れそらせ手段が、上記一方のケージ端部から他方のケージ端部にか けてのケージ内部容積減少部分と、上記他方のケージ端部から連続して続くケー ジ内部容積実質的コンスタント部分とを有してなる請求項6記載の流体制御バル ブ。 8. 上記流れそらせ手段が、上記一方のケージ端部から他方のケージ端部にか けてのケージ内部容積減少部分と、上記他方のケージ端部から連続して続く、ケ ージ内部の内方へ突出した段を有する段部とを有してなる請求項6記載の流体制 御バルブ。 9. 上記段部がケージ内部容積実質的コンスタント部分を有してなる請求項8 記載の流体制御バルブ。 10. 他方のケージ端部とキャップ開口との間のキャップ部上に、流体入口か ら流体出口への流体流れを信頼性を持って阻止するために上記ダイアフラムが流 体をシールするように着座するための隆起弁座を有してなる請求項6記載の流体 制御バルブ。 11. ダイアフラム中央取付部を有しており、上記ダイアフラムが該ダイアフ ラム中央取付部内に取り付けられるダイアフラム中央部を有しており、上記ダイ アフラム中央取付部が、ダイアフラム板と、ダイアフラムの一方側に配設された 、上記ダイアフラムを上記隆起弁座に着座させるためにダイアフラム板を付勢す るためのばね手段とを有してなる請求項10記載の流体制御バルブ。 12. 上記ダイアフラム中央取付部が、上記ダイアフラムの他方側にダイアフ ラムヘッドを有しており、該ダイアフラムヘッドが、上記ケージ内部を通過する 流体をそらせるための突出鼻部を有してなる請求項11記載の流体制御バルブ。 13. 上記ケージを弁箱に取り付けるための、上記キャップ部に係止された保 持リングを備えており、該保持リングが、上記キャップ開口と協働して流体制御 バルブの流量キャパシティーを好ましく減少させるための流体阻止指部を有して なる請求項10記載の流体制御バルブ。 14. 上記ケージの周囲であり、且つ、キャップ開口から流体出口への流体流 れの中に位置して上記流体流れの騒音を減衰するための有孔部材を備えてなる請 求項10記載の流体制御バルブ。 15. 上記ダイアフラムの中央部に連結された、上記ダイアフラムを上記キャ ップ開口に向けてまたそこから離れるように動かすための弁棒と、弁箱内部に配 設された、弁棒の移動を案内するためのガイド手段とを有してなる請求項10記 載の流体制御バルブ。 16. 上記弁箱側に取り付けられた、上記弁棒と協働して流体制御バルブの開 度を示すストローク指示器を有してなる請求項15記載の流体制御バルブ。 17. 上記弁棒を駆動するために、該弁棒に連結されたアクチエータを備えて なる請求項15記載の流体制御バルブ。 18. 上記ダイアフラムの両側を相互に連通する吸引通路を備えてなる請求項 6記載の流体制御バルブ。 19. 上記ダイアフラムの一方側に負荷室を画するようにダイアフラムを弁箱 に取り付けるためのダイアフラム取付手段と、上記負荷室をダイアフラムの反対 側に連通する該ダイアフラム取付手段を貫通して延びる吸引通路とを備えてなる 請求項6記載の流体制御バルブ。 20. 上記ダイアフラムヘッドに取り付けられた弾力性を有するシール部材を 備えており、該シール部材が、流体入口から流体出口への流体流れを阻止するた めの一次閉止を提供するために上記ケージの他方のケージ端部に係合しうるよう にされてなる請求項12記載の流体制御バルブ。 21. 上記隆起弁座が、上記キャップ部における緩慢流の領域に位置してなる 請求項10記載の流体制御バルブ。 22. 上記隆起弁座が、上記ダイアフラムが着座するための鋭利な着座用端縁 を有してなる請求項21記載の流体制御バルブ。 23. その中を貫通する流体通路が形成された制御器本体と、流体流れの圧力 制御のために上記流体通路内に圧力絞り領域とを有する流体圧制御器であって、 その改良点が、上記圧力絞り領域の付近における流体流れの剥離を減少させる ために、流体通路内における圧力絞り領域の上流側に配設された流れそらせ手段 を備えていることである流体圧制御器。 24. 隆起弁座の上の異物の蓄積を低減するために、該隆起弁座が、上記流れ そらせ手段と圧力絞り領域との中間部であって緩慢流の領域内に備えられてなる 請求項23記載の流体圧制御器。 25. 上記隆起弁座が鋭利な弁座端縁に形成されてなる請求項24記載の流体 圧制御器。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2441596P | 1996-08-21 | 1996-08-21 | |
| US60/024,415 | 1996-08-21 | ||
| PCT/US1997/014605 WO1998008150A1 (en) | 1996-08-21 | 1997-08-19 | Elastomeric element valve |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006306802A Division JP4690293B2 (ja) | 1996-08-21 | 2006-11-13 | 流体制御バルブ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000516372A true JP2000516372A (ja) | 2000-12-05 |
| JP3919230B2 JP3919230B2 (ja) | 2007-05-23 |
Family
ID=21820479
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51090698A Expired - Lifetime JP3919230B2 (ja) | 1996-08-21 | 1997-08-19 | 弾性要素を有するバルブ |
| JP2006306802A Expired - Lifetime JP4690293B2 (ja) | 1996-08-21 | 2006-11-13 | 流体制御バルブ |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006306802A Expired - Lifetime JP4690293B2 (ja) | 1996-08-21 | 2006-11-13 | 流体制御バルブ |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5964446A (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP1020779B1 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP3919230B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100442786B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1133909C (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU734902B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2263687C (ja) |
| DE (2) | DE69717118T2 (ja) |
| ID (1) | ID18065A (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY125472A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW360760B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1998008150A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021515143A (ja) * | 2019-01-23 | 2021-06-17 | ソン リ,サン | プラスチックバルブ |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7013916B1 (en) | 1997-11-14 | 2006-03-21 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Sub-atmospheric gas delivery method and apparatus |
| JP2000193007A (ja) * | 1998-12-22 | 2000-07-14 | Fukoku Co Ltd | 板バネ一体型コアおよびその製造方法 |
| JP2000193006A (ja) | 1998-12-22 | 2000-07-14 | Fukoku Co Ltd | 板バネ一体型コアおよびその製造方法 |
| WO2000039489A1 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-07-06 | Goyen Controls Co Pty Limited | Air flow control valve |
| AU769597B2 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2004-01-29 | Goyen Controls Co Pty Limited | Air flow control valve |
| US6305836B1 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2001-10-23 | Apv North America, Inc. | Force absorbing homogenization valve |
| US6250330B1 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-06-26 | Welker Engineering Company | Diaphragm regulator with removable diffuser |
| US6508266B2 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2003-01-21 | Toyo Stainless Steel Industries Co., Ltd. | Diaphragm valve |
| US6666433B1 (en) * | 2000-06-27 | 2003-12-23 | Dresser-Rand Company | Grooved valve seat with inlay |
| US6536467B2 (en) * | 2000-12-05 | 2003-03-25 | National-Oilwell, L.P. | Valve with increased inlet flow |
| USD460526S1 (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2002-07-16 | Bermad Limited Partnership | Control valve |
| US6830061B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2004-12-14 | Fisher Controls International Llc | Intelligent regulator with input/output capabilities |
| ITSV20020032A1 (it) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-01-09 | Alberto Lodolo | Valvola a membrana ed otturatore per detta valvola |
| TWI294792B (en) | 2002-07-19 | 2008-03-21 | Mykrolis Corp | Liquid flow controller and precision dispense apparatus and system |
| US20080173084A1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2008-07-24 | Michael Wiesinger | Method and device for continuous measuring of dynamic fluid consumption, including pressure regulator |
| US7080656B2 (en) * | 2003-09-11 | 2006-07-25 | Fisher Controls International Llc. | Variable vent diffuser |
| US7150299B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2006-12-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Assembly and method for containing, receiving and storing fluids and for dispensing gas from a fluid control and gas delivery assembly having an integrated fluid flow restrictor |
| US20050101882A1 (en) * | 2003-11-12 | 2005-05-12 | Leira Enrique C. | Safety pressure device for body fluid extraction |
| US7288323B2 (en) * | 2003-11-13 | 2007-10-30 | Fisher Controls International, Llc | Vulcanized rubber composition and articles manufactured therefrom |
| JP3808071B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-01 | 2006-08-09 | シーケーディ株式会社 | 薬液制御弁 |
| JP3861206B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-08 | 2006-12-20 | 株式会社フジキン | 流体制御器 |
| DE502005003985D1 (de) * | 2004-03-12 | 2008-06-19 | Hengst Gmbh & Co Kg | Pneumatisches druckregelventil |
| US20050205824A1 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2005-09-22 | Osborne Charles A | Segmented ball control valve with universal end connections |
| CN1985117A (zh) * | 2004-07-23 | 2007-06-20 | 费希尔控制产品国际有限公司 | 致动器壳体 |
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- 1997-08-19 JP JP51090698A patent/JP3919230B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 KR KR10-1999-7001411A patent/KR100442786B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 US US08/914,555 patent/US5964446A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 WO PCT/US1997/014605 patent/WO1998008150A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-08-19 CN CNB971983186A patent/CN1133909C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 EP EP00107409A patent/EP1020779B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 EP EP97939459A patent/EP0920657B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 CA CA002263687A patent/CA2263687C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 DE DE1997638224 patent/DE69738224T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-21 MY MYPI97003857A patent/MY125472A/en unknown
- 1997-08-21 ID ID972922A patent/ID18065A/id unknown
- 1997-08-21 TW TW086112026A patent/TW360760B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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1999
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2021515143A (ja) * | 2019-01-23 | 2021-06-17 | ソン リ,サン | プラスチックバルブ |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69738224D1 (de) | 2007-11-29 |
| US6102071A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
| MY125472A (en) | 2006-08-30 |
| DE69717118D1 (de) | 2002-12-19 |
| KR20000068273A (ko) | 2000-11-25 |
| JP2007078190A (ja) | 2007-03-29 |
| EP0920657B1 (en) | 2002-11-13 |
| ID18065A (id) | 1998-02-26 |
| JP4690293B2 (ja) | 2011-06-01 |
| EP0920657A1 (en) | 1999-06-09 |
| CA2263687A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
| WO1998008150A1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
| KR100442786B1 (ko) | 2004-08-04 |
| DE69717118T2 (de) | 2003-07-17 |
| TW360760B (en) | 1999-06-11 |
| JP3919230B2 (ja) | 2007-05-23 |
| EP1020779A2 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
| DE69738224T2 (de) | 2008-07-17 |
| CN1231735A (zh) | 1999-10-13 |
| AU734902B2 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
| EP1020779B1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
| EP1020779A3 (en) | 2000-08-09 |
| CN1133909C (zh) | 2004-01-07 |
| US5964446A (en) | 1999-10-12 |
| AU4154297A (en) | 1998-03-06 |
| CA2263687C (en) | 2006-03-21 |
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