JP2003199429A - Method for culturing pleurotus erygii mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for culturing pleurotus erygii mushroom, by which the number of the germinated mushroom can be kept constant and the mushroom is cultured without scattering its spores. <P>SOLUTION: This method for culturing the pleurotus erygii mushroom comprises inoculating and culturing the spawns 6 of the pleurotus erygii mushroom in a culture medium 3 packed in a culture bottle 1 to spread the mycelia 7 in the culture medium 3, giving prescribed stimulation to the surface of the culture medium 3 (mushroom bed 31) via the died mycelium layer 8 in the opening 2 of the culture bottle, while maintaining the died mycelium layer 8 as such, germinating, growing and culturing the carpophores in the state, and covering the culture bottle 1 with an air-permeable case 14 on the growth and culture of the carpophores 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating edulis mushrooms.

[0002]

[Prior Art and Problems] Conventionally, artificial cultivation of general mushrooms is
A culture bottle is filled with a water-adjusted culture medium, a hole is made in the culture medium, the culture medium is placed in a sterilization kettle to sterilize the culture medium in the bottle, and the inoculum is planted in the culture medium, which is then cultured in the culture room. The hyphae are spread in a culture bottle, and after the spread, the dead sterilization layer in the bottle mouth is removed, that is, the shoots are scratched to germinate the fruiting bodies and grown in a growing room for cultivation. Then, although the edible mushrooms are also cultivated by the method described above, the probability of harvesting good quality edible mushrooms is extremely low.

[0003] The fruiting bodies of Eringi mushrooms also germinate properly from the surface of the culture medium on which the shoots have been scraped, but with the conventional method of scraping, even if it is intended to carry out the same shoots on each culture bottle, each culture is carried out. The number of sprouting from the bottle is small and large. The number of germinated seeds determines whether or not good quality mushrooms can be harvested. In other words, the ergot mushrooms that are harvested in a culture bottle with a small number of germinated fruiting bodies are large and fine, whereas the mushrooms harvested in a culture bottle that have a large number of germinated fruiting bodies are small and poor.

[0004] Then, it is a feature that the edulis mushrooms near the harvest time release a large amount of spores from the folds under the umbrella, and the released spores are diffused and accumulated in the room,
Furthermore, it absorbs the humidity in the room, that is, moisture to rot. The rotten spores serve as a nutrient source for bacteria, the bacteria propagate, pollute the inside of the room, attach to the fruiting bodies of the mushrooms, and stop the growth of the mushrooms just before harvesting. For this reason, after harvesting the mushrooms, it is not possible to grow new mushrooms without cleaning the room and disinfecting with chemicals.

[0005]

[Object] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides an artificial cultivation method for Eringi mushrooms that can keep the germination number constant, and an artificial cultivation method for Eringi mushrooms that can be grown without diffusing spores. That is the purpose.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problem The gist of the present invention is to artificially cultivate Eringi mushrooms in an incubator, inoculate the culture medium packed in the incubator with the inoculum of Eringi mushrooms, and culture the mycelia. Spread it in the culture medium, then leave the dead sterilized thread layer in the opening as it is, pierce it and apply a predetermined stimulus to the culture medium surface, germinate the fruiting body in that state and grow and cultivate A characteristic method of artificially cultivating Eringi mushrooms

The artificial cultivation method of the present invention will be described in detail. The incubator is a container used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms, and is usually a bottle-shaped container having an opening at the top, that is,
It is called a culture bottle. However, as long as it is a container capable of cultivating mushrooms such as Eringi, the shape and material thereof are not particularly limited, and an appropriate container may be used.

The culture medium is the soil used for cultivating mushrooms packed in the above-mentioned incubator, which is prepared by adding water to rice bran, sawdust, etc. The raw materials and the like are not particularly limited, and those suitable for culturing Eringi mushrooms may be appropriately used. And
To inoculate the seedlings of Eringi mushrooms, so that the hyphae of the seeds spread widely in the culture medium, after filling the culture medium, make a hole in approximately the center of the incubator and inoculate the seed cultures of Eringi mushrooms. ,
The culture may be appropriately performed in a culture room where the temperature and humidity are controlled.

[0009] With the culture, mycelium spreads in the culture medium, and along with that, dead mycelia appear in layers on the culture medium surface in the opening of the culture vessel, that is, the fungal bed surface. The dead hyphae layer, so-called dead sterilization thread layer, is left in the opening as it is, and the dead sterilization thread layer is pierced by a member having a predetermined shape, and
Appropriate stimulus may be applied to the surface of the culture medium to allow the fruiting bodies to germinate and grow as they are. The member for penetrating the dead sterilization thread layer is not particularly limited in its shape, material and the like as long as it can penetrate the dead sterilization thread layer.

The stimulation applied to the surface of the culture medium means that the member penetrating the dead sterilized thread layer exerts some action for appropriately suppressing the germination of the fruit body on the surface of the culture medium. Any action can be used as long as it can appropriately suppress germination. Further, the member may be anything as long as it can penetrate the dead sterilization thread layer, and may be a rod-shaped body or the like. As a specific method of applying the stimulus, a member penetrating the dead sterilization thread layer may be brought into contact with the surface of the culture medium. At that time, the dead sterilizing thread attached to the tip of the member when the dead sterilizing thread layer is penetrated may be in contact with the surface of the culturing surface without directly contacting the vicinity of the tip of the member with the culturing surface.

Further, the tip of the member penetrating the dead sterilization thread layer may be pressed (pressed) against the surface of the culture medium with an appropriate pressure. The pressing force may be adjusted so as to be a suitable pressing force in accordance with the fold base used for cultivation, such as a force that leaves a trace of being pressed on the surface of the culture medium or a slight depression. Further, it may be a point pressure in which the pressing range to the surface of the culture medium is narrowed. Further, the tip of the member penetrating the dead sterilization thread layer may be inserted into the medium to make a hole (open hole).

Then, the range of applying the stimulus by contact, pressing, point pressure, and opening may be set appropriately according to the number of fruiting bodies to be germinated from those places.
Therefore, one germination is preferable. Further, the number of sites on the culture medium surface to which the stimulus is applied varies depending on the number of fruiting bodies that germinate from the site to which the stimulus is applied, for example, if the number of sprouting from the site to which the stimulus is applied is 1, The number of sites to be stimulated on the surface of the culture medium should be about 3 sites.

In the artificial cultivation of Eringiella edulis in the incubator, it is desirable to cover the incubator with a breathable covering member when cultivating the fruit body. Fostering fruiting bodies means growing the germinated fruiting bodies from the surface of the culture medium to a size that allows harvesting. Then, from the beginning of this period to the time of harvest, or at least the culture vessel or the opening of the culture vessel in which fruit bodies near the harvest time when the spores fly are generated, a method of culturing by covering with a suitable covering member in a sealed state Is. The covering member must be larger than the fruiting body at the time of harvesting the fruiting body, but before that, it may be configured to be appropriately reduced in size. .

The covering member may be any one as long as it is made of a material having an appropriate air permeability, and may be, for example, a bag-shaped one or a case-shaped one. The material is not particularly limited, and a suitable material such as paper, synthetic paper or resin may be used. Of course, other materials may be used. Further, even if the material of the covering member does not have air permeability, it may be any one as long as it is configured so that the appropriately formed covering member itself can ventilate the spores without being exposed to the outside. Further, the method of attaching the covering member to the incubator or the opening of the incubator is not particularly limited, and may be attached by a suitable method.

[0015]

Since the method for artificially cultivating the edulis mushrooms of the present invention is the method as described above, the dead sterilized thread layer is not removed without removing the dead sterilized thread layer in the opening of the incubator which is generated together with the spread of mycelia in the culture medium. The fruiting bodies can be germinated from the surface of the culture medium under the through holes penetrating the layer, and the number of the fruiting bodies to be germinated is adjusted to a fixed number. Furthermore, the spores that fly from the fruit bodies at the time of harvest are restricted by the covering member within the covering member.

[0016]

EXAMPLE An artificial cultivation method for Eringi mushrooms of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the artificial cultivation method for Eringi mushrooms according to the present invention, and particularly relates to germination of fruiting bodies. (A) The figure shows the step of filling the culture bottle 1 with the culture medium 3. (B) The figure shows the culture medium 3 and the inoculum 5 of the inoculum 6
Forming the hole with the punching rod 4. (C) The figure shows the step of inoculating (planting) the seed bacteria 6 into the planting holes 5 of the sterilized culture medium 3. (D) The figure shows the step of culturing the inoculum 6. Reference numeral 7 is a mycelium that has spread by culturing, and 8 is a dead sterilized thread generated in the opening 2. (E) The figure shows the step of suppressing germination of the fruiting body 12 (sprouting step). Reference numeral 9 is a sprouting stick that penetrates 8 layers of dead sterilization thread. (F) The figure shows the step of growing the fruit body 12. Reference numeral 10 is a through hole opened in the layer of dead sterilization thread 8
The fruit body 12 germinates and grows from 1 (culture base surface).

Then, the results of cultivating Eringi mushrooms by the artificial cultivation method according to the present invention and the conventional artificial cultivation method are shown below. That is, the method of the present invention and the conventional method differ in the method of scratching. Eringi 200 pieces Average value Scratching method Harvesting day Germination number Effective factor Harvesting volume Scratch August 2000 10 5 120g 21-25 days Flat scratch August 2000 9 8 100g 20-23 days Hydraulic scratch 2000 August 11 pieces 8 pieces 80g 22 to 28 days 3 points point scratch August 2000 3 pieces 3 pieces 150g (invention) 21 to 22 days

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the state of sprouts, 1 is a culture bottle for cultivating Eringi mushrooms, 2 is an opening of the culture bottle 1, and 3 is a culture medium packed in the culture bottle 1. On the basis of
31 is a fungal bed. Reference numeral 8 is a dead sterilized thread generated in the opening 2 during the culture of the inoculum, and 9 is a sprout stick, which suppresses the number of germinated fruiting bodies 12 germinated from the fungal bed 31. The shoot scraping rod 9 penetrates the layer of dead sterilization thread 8 and reaches the bacterial bed 31 of the culture medium 3. Further, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the surface of the culture medium after the sprouting, and 11 is the sprouting with the sprouting bar 9 (3 point squeezing).
It is the sprout part after the end.

FIG. 4 is a perspective side view of the inside of a culture bottle covered with a covering member, and shows a state in which a culture bottle is covered with a breathable covering member and cultivated when growing fruit bodies. 1 is a culture bottle for cultivating Eringi mushrooms, 12 is a fruiting body, 121 is an umbrella part, 13 is a spore released from a fold under the umbrella part 121, and 14 is aeration for preventing scattering of the spores 13. It is a case having the property. Although the case 14 is covered from the shoulder of the culture bottle 1 in this figure, it may be of course configured to cover the mouth of the culture bottle 1.

Cultivation of Eringi mushrooms under the conditions of "condition A: culture bottle covered with covering member", "condition B: cultivation without covering covering member on culture bottle", and "condition C: intermittent cultivation in one room". The results are shown below. Conditions Number of cultivation times 1 time 2 times 3 times 4 times 5 times A Number of collected 200 200 200 200 200 200 Average weight per 1 150 g 160 g 160 g 150 g 160 g B 200 200 180 100 0 Average weight per 0 piece 120g 90g 50g 0g 0g C Number of recovered 200 200 200 190 182 Average weight per piece 120g 120g 100g 100g 90g

[0021]

[Effect] Since the method for artificially cultivating the edulis mushrooms of the present invention is as described above, the fruiting body germinates only from the surface of the culture medium under the through hole that penetrates the dead sterilized thread layer, that is, the germination number is Since it is suppressed, it is possible to harvest good-quality eryngii mushrooms. Further, since the covering member is covered on the incubator during the growth of fruiting bodies, the spores released from the Eringi mushrooms do not come out from the inside of the covering member, and therefore, do not diffuse into the growing chamber, so that the Eringi mushrooms There is no need to clean the room and disinfect with chemicals after harvest.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a method for artificially cultivating Eringi mushrooms according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing a state of sprouts.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the surface of the culture medium after scraping.

FIG. 4 is a perspective side view of a culture bottle covered with a covering member.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-culture bottle, 2-opening, 3-culture medium, 31-bacterial bed, 4-drilling hole, 5-planting hole, 6-inoculum, 7-mycelium, 8-dead sterilizing yarn, 9-sprouting rod, 10 -Through hole, 11-Sprout part,
12-fruit body, 121-umbrella, 13-spore, 14-case

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. In the artificial cultivation of Eringi mushrooms in an incubator, the culture medium packed in the incubator is inoculated with the inoculum of Eringi mushrooms and cultured to spread hyphae in the culture medium.
A method for artificially cultivating Eringi mushrooms characterized by leaving the dead sterilized thread layer in the opening as it is, piercing it and applying a predetermined stimulus to the surface of the culture medium to germinate and cultivate fruiting bodies in that state 2. The method for artificially cultivating Eringi mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the stimulus is caused by pressing. 3. The method for artificially cultivating Eringi mushrooms according to claim 2, wherein the pressing is a point pressure for pressing a narrow range. 4. The method for artificially cultivating Eringi mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the stimulus is an open hole. 5. A method for artificially cultivating an edible mushroom, which is characterized in that, in the artificial cultivation of an edible mushroom using an incubator, when the fruiting body is grown, the incubator is covered with an air-permeable covering member.