JP2003257597A - Flat heater element - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flat heater element which can freely set the size or shape of the heating size, is cheap, has good waterproofing, dampproofing, and endurance, and also, is thin, flexible and can be used three dimensionally. <P>SOLUTION: A bare nichrome wire 10 processed in a shape of a user's desire, is placed on an adhesive layer 20 made of an insulation material. This adhesive layer 20 and the bare nichrome wire 10 are placed inside two multilayer complex films 30, 40 with their peripheral part heated and sealed. A conductive band 50 is set on the adhesive layer 20, an end part of a wire 70 connected to a power supply and an end part of the bare nichrome wire 10 are fixed at different places on the conductive band 50 with solder 60 respectively. 71 in the figure is an epoxy resin. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sheet heating element using a bare nichrome wire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the following two types of sheet heating elements are widely known as a sheet heating element which is attached to an object to be heated and used for keeping heat of the object to be heated.

On the other hand, it is used for preventing fog of mirrors in bathrooms, keeping the floor warm, etc., by connecting conductive bands to electrode parts arranged at both ends of a heating element such as a conductive film or carbon,
The sheet heating element has a structure in which the entire front and back surfaces of the heating element are covered with a synthetic resin film (sheet) or the like. The other is used for heat insulation of pipes, prevention of freezing, defrosting of freezing showcases, etc., and a structure in which a bare Nichrome wire is covered with a heat-resistant material such as silicon rubber is sandwiched between two aluminum foils. It is a sheet heating element.

Among these, the planar heating element using a conductive film or the like is restricted in the shape of the heating element to a square shape such as a square or a rectangle due to the structure of the electrode portion, and an elliptical or circular mirror or the like. The object to be heated cannot be heated along its shape, and therefore, it is not possible to meet the needs for preventing fogging over the entire surface of the mirror having such a shape.
Further, in such a planar heating element, the heating size is limited due to the restriction of the operating current due to the peculiar square ohm (Ω / □) such as a conductive film or the contact resistance between the heating element and the electrode portion. There was a problem. Furthermore, the planar heating element of this system has a problem that it cannot be used when the surface of the object to be heated is curved due to its structure. there were.

On the other hand, the planar heating element of the type using a cord coated with a bare nichrome wire can have its shape and heating size freely set, and also has a three-dimensional shape such as a curved state. It has a feature that it can be used even for an object to be heated which is changing dynamically. FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of a planar heating element of this type, and FIG. 15 shows a sectional view thereof.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, this sheet heating element is a bare nichrome wire 1 covered with a silicone rubber 2 and wired in a shape desired by the user. The wired cord is fixed by two upper and lower aluminum foils 3 and 4 which are attached to each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the sheet heating element is attached to a heating object 6 by an adhesive 5 such as a double-sided adhesive tape or a double-sided adhesive film, and heats the heating object 6. Here, in the planar heating element having the structure as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the cord including the bare nichrome wire 1 is processed into a shape desired by the user, and the molded cord having a fragile shape is The aluminum foil 3 is manufactured by adhering the aluminum foil 3 on the aluminum foil 4 in a state where the aluminum foil 4 is fixed with a tape or the like so as not to lose its shape.

[0007]

However, as shown in FIG.
In the sheet heating element shown in FIG. 15, the cord covered with the bare nichrome wire 1 with the silicon rubber 2 is fixed by the two aluminum foils 3 and 4, so that the cord has a circular cross section. The aluminum foils 3 and 4 cannot be completely adhered to each other, and as a result, a small space (space) is created near the cord, and water, moisture, etc., infiltrate during use, resulting in stable quality and performance, and product stability. There was a problem that the durability of was impaired.

If the waterproof and moisture-proof treatment of the tip of the cord is insufficient, water or moisture will infiltrate between the bare nichrome wire 1 and the silicone rubber 2 at the tip of the cord, causing water or moisture due to the capillary phenomenon. There is a problem in that moisture penetrates and the bare nichrome wire 1 itself corrodes.

Further, as a problem peculiar to the bare nichrome wire, as a method of connecting with another electric wire for a power source, since generally used simple soldering cannot be performed, caulking by a crimp terminal, screwing, etc. A mechanical connection method is used. Combined with the problem of thickness due to the thick cord due to the fact that the structure of the connection with other electric wires is covered with silicon rubber 2, it is difficult to meet the needs for thin planar heating elements. There was also a problem. In addition, the connection at the connection with other electric wires, waterproofing, moisture proofing, etc. usually have to be dealt with by processing outside the sheet heating element, which is a troublesome process in production and processing. There was also the problem of being there. Due to the above-mentioned problems, in the conventional planar heating element of this type, most of the troubles in the market currently occur at the connection part with other electric wires and the vicinity thereof. is there. Therefore, there is a strong demand for improvement of the conventional connection method for the conventional sheet heating element using the cord including the bare nichrome wire.

The first object of the present invention is that the size and shape of the heat generation size can be freely set, and it is inexpensive, excellent in waterproofness, moisture resistance and durability, thin, flexible and three-dimensionally. It is to provide a sheet heating element that can be used.

A second object of the present invention is the above-mentioned first object.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sheet heating element that can achieve the above object and can be easily connected to another electric wire by soldering.

[0012]

According to the present invention, a first
In the insulating material, two multilayer composite films having the same shape are disposed so as to overlap each other, and an insulating material having a peripheral dimension smaller than the peripheral dimension of the multilayer composite film inside the two multilayer composite films. And a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through electric wires is disposed on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. It is possible to provide a planar heating element in which the peripheral portion of the film is heat-sealed.

According to the present invention, secondly, two multi-layer composite films having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the substrates are fixed on both sides inside the two multi-layer composite films. A substrate having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and made of synthetic resin having a peripheral dimension smaller than that of the multilayer composite film, in which a groove or a through hole for accommodating a bare nichrome wire is formed. A bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through an electric wire is provided in the groove or through hole of the substrate, and the peripheral portions of the two multilayer composite films are heat-sealed. It is possible to provide a planar heating element characterized by the above.

According to the present invention, thirdly, the multilayer composite film and the insulating cover member having the same shape as the insulating cover member and having an insulating material disposed on at least one surface side are the same as the insulating cover member. The surface on which the insulating material is disposed is disposed so as to overlap with the multilayer composite film in a state of facing the multilayer composite film, and the peripheral dimension of the multilayer composite film is the same between the multilayer composite film and the insulating cover member. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having a peripheral dimension of is arranged, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through a wire is arranged on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. It is possible to provide a planar heating element characterized by the above.

According to the present invention, fourthly, a multilayer composite film and an insulating cover member having the same shape as the insulating cover member and at least one surface of which is provided with an insulating material are provided as the insulating cover member. The insulating material is disposed such that the surface on which the insulating material is disposed overlaps with the multilayer composite film in a state of facing the multilayer composite film, and a substrate fixing adhesive layer is provided on both surfaces between the multilayer composite film and the insulating cover member. And a substrate made of a synthetic resin having the same peripheral dimension as the peripheral dimension of the multilayer composite film, in which a substrate having a groove or a through hole for accommodating a bare nichrome wire is formed, It is possible to provide a planar heating element characterized in that a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source via an electric wire is provided in the groove or the through hole.

According to the present invention, fifthly, a metal plate (including an aluminum foil) and a cover member having the same shape as that of the metal plate are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the metal plate and the cover member are overlapped with each other. A first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer made of an insulating material having the same shape as the metal plate are disposed between them, and between the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. Can provide a sheet heating element characterized in that a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source via electric wires is provided.

According to the present invention, sixthly, two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the inside of the space between the two synthetic resin films or sheets is provided. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having a peripheral dimension smaller than that of the synthetic resin film or sheet is disposed, and both ends are connected to the external power source via an electric wire on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. Between the surface of the wiring fixing adhesive layer on the side opposite to the surface on which the bare nichrome wire is provided and the synthetic resin film or sheet facing the surface. Is a metal plate (including aluminum foil) that is fixed to the synthetic resin film or sheet by a fixing adhesive layer and has the same shape as the wiring fixing adhesive layer.
It is possible to provide a planar heating element characterized in that the peripheral portions of the two synthetic resin films or sheets are heat-sealed.

According to the present invention, seventhly, two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the inside of the space between the two synthetic resin films or sheets is provided. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having a peripheral dimension smaller than that of the synthetic resin film or sheet is disposed, and both ends are connected to the external power source via an electric wire on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. A bare nichrome wire is provided, the peripheral portions of the two synthetic resin films or sheets are heat-sealed, and a metal is provided on the outer surface of either one of the two synthetic resin films or sheets. It is possible to provide a planar heating element in which a plate (including an aluminum foil) is fixed by a fixing adhesive layer.

Eighth, according to the present invention, two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and the two synthetic resin films or sheets are placed between the two synthetic resin films or sheets. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having the same shape as the synthetic resin film or sheet is provided, and both ends of the wiring fixing adhesive layer are connected to an external power source via electric wires. A nichrome wire is provided, and between the surface of the wiring fixing adhesive layer opposite to the surface on which the bare nichrome wire is provided and the synthetic resin film or sheet facing the surface, A metal plate (including an aluminum foil) fixed to a synthetic resin film or sheet by a fixing adhesive layer and having a peripheral dimension smaller than that of the synthetic resin film or sheet is provided. It is possible to provide a planar heating element, characterized in that.

According to the present invention, ninthly, two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap with each other, and the two synthetic resin films or sheets are provided with a space between the two synthetic resin films or sheets. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having the same shape as the synthetic resin film or sheet is provided, and both ends of the wiring fixing adhesive layer are connected to an external power source via electric wires. A nichrome wire is provided, and a metal plate (including an aluminum foil) is fixed on an outer surface of either one of the two synthetic resin films or sheets by a fixing adhesive layer. It is possible to provide a planar heating element that does.

The sheet heating element according to the present invention described above can be processed into a free shape, which has been considered difficult to use for sheet heating elements, but the shape tends to collapse. Nichrome wire is fixed on a wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material that is placed adjacent to or close to an aluminum foil or metal plate with high thermal conductivity, and the insulating material is placed so as to cover it. The thickness (φ) that determines the Ω / m of the bare nichrome wire, the connection method of the bare nichrome wire (series or parallel), and the insulating material such as heat resistant polyester should be selected and combined. Thus, performance such as size, working voltage, and heat resistance can be set extremely freely.

In the above-described sheet heating element according to the present invention, a conductive band for connecting the end of the bare nichrome wire and the end of the wire is provided inside the sheet heating element.
If the respective end portions are soldered to different parts on the conductive band, it can be provided outside the planar heating element which is required in the conventional planar heating element using the nichrome wire cord. It is possible to omit troublesome connection work and troublesome processing such as waterproofing and moisture proofing.

Further, in the above-described sheet heating element according to the present invention, if the bare nichrome wire is arranged so as to extend along the peripheral portion of the sheet heating element, the heat can be efficiently transferred to this portion as well. Therefore, the temperature rise is averaged over the entire surface of the sheet heating element.

[0024]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1)

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the bare nichrome wire 10 molded into a shape desired by the user is disposed on the adhesive layer 20 made of an insulating material. 30, 40
Is a multilayer composite film having a peripheral dimension that is larger than the peripheral dimension of the adhesive layer 20, the peripheral portions of which are heat sealed to each other.

Reference numeral 50 is a conductive band (Cu tape), and 60 is a commonly used solder.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the multilayer composite film 30 is cut out to form a window 31 so that a part of the conductive band 50 is exposed to the outside.

The planar configuration of the first embodiment is rectangular as shown in FIG. 1, but the shape is not limited to the rectangle, and the shape of the object to be heated to which the first embodiment is attached is changed. In addition, it can be formed into any shape such as a circle.

In the multilayer composite films 30 and 40 used in the first embodiment, synthetic resin films are arranged in layers on both sides of an aluminum foil having a high thermal conductivity, or on the surface of the synthetic resin film. A film in which a synthetic resin film, which is an insulator, is arranged in layers on both surfaces of the aluminum layer by vapor-depositing aluminum to form an aluminum layer and disposing a synthetic resin film on the aluminum layer. Is. As the material of the synthetic resin film, in the first embodiment, a material having excellent heat resistance such as polyester is selected.

The adhesive layer 20 for fixing the wiring is made of an acrylic compound which is an insulating material having excellent heat resistance. Therefore, the heat generated in the bare nichrome wire 10 is efficiently absorbed and conducted by the adjacent aluminum foil, so that only the temperature in the vicinity of the bare nichrome wire 10 becomes abnormally high. It does not melt the existing material.

Further, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, since the bare nichrome wire 10 is arranged in a shape along the peripheral portion of the sheet heating element, heat is also applied to this peripheral portion. Is efficiently transmitted, the temperature rise is averaged over the entire surface of the sheet heating element.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, both ends of the bare nichrome wire 10 and the conductive band 50 are connected to each other by commonly used solder.

Generally, melted solder is difficult to adhere to the bare nichrome wire, and therefore, the bare nichrome wire and other conductors are not generally soldered, but under certain conditions, the present inventor It was discovered that the bare nichrome wire and other conductors can be easily soldered, and this finding led to the invention of the configuration of the first embodiment. The condition is that in the state as shown in FIG. 3A, that is, when the bare nichrome wire 10 is inserted into the lump of the solder 60 that is melting on the conductive band 50, it is melted. Solder 60
The condition is that the bare nichrome wire 10 does not have to be moved until it has cooled and solidified. 3 (b) is shown in FIG. 3 (a).
It is a BB sectional drawing of.

In the first embodiment, since the tip portion of the bare nichrome wire 10 fixed on the adhesive layer 20 is located on the conductive band fixed on the adhesive layer 20, The above-described conditions can be easily satisfied, and therefore, in the first embodiment, both ends of the bare nichrome wire 10 can be easily soldered to the conductive band 50. Solder 6
After 0 is cooled and solidified, the solder 60 and the bare nichrome wire 10
And are in close contact with each other, and there is no change in contact resistance as in normal soldering. Further, the conventional crimp terminal method has a problem that a thin bare nichrome wire is easily detached, but the method of the first embodiment can solve the problem and can be soldered regardless of the thickness. Becomes This makes it possible to provide a thin sheet heating element.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the first embodiment, a part of the conductive band 50 to which both ends of the bare nichrome wire 10 are soldered is exposed to the outside from the window 31 of the multilayer composite film 30. ing. Therefore, the electric wire 70 connected to the power source can be easily soldered to the exposed portion of the conductive band 50 as shown in FIG. 2 when soldering the electric wire 70 connected to this power source and the conductive band 50
If the two solders both come into contact with the edge portion of the window portion 31 and are connected to the aluminum layer of the multilayer composite film 30, a short circuit accident (short circuit) will occur. In order to prevent such a short circuit accident (short circuit), in the first embodiment, the position on the conductive band 50 where the electric wire 70 is connected and the window portion 31.
The shape of the window portion 31 is selected to have the shape shown in FIG. 1 in which there is a sufficient space so that the solder does not come into contact with the edge portion.

If the window portion 31 of the multilayer composite film 30 is coated with the epoxy resin 71 or the like after the electric wire 70 is soldered to the conductive band 50 as described above, external moisture will cause internal moisture of the planar heating element. Never infiltrate. The sheet heating element according to the first embodiment configured as described above is attached to the heating object 6 with the adhesive 5 such as the double-sided adhesive tape or the double-sided adhesive film as shown in FIG.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the peripheral portion of the sheet heating element is heat-sealed, external moisture does not enter inside.
Further, as described above, in the first embodiment, since the external electric wire 70 can be easily connected by soldering, the sheet heating element using the conventional nichrome wire cord shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 is used. The troublesome external connection of the sheet heating element, and the troublesome treatment such as waterproofing and moisture proofing are unnecessary.
It is possible to make a thin and flexible planar heating element.

In the first embodiment, the bare nichrome wire 10 is connected in series as shown in FIG.
This connection is not limited to series connection, and may be parallel connection as shown in FIG. Here, reference numeral 11 in FIG. 5 denotes an insulating member arranged between the two bare nichrome wires 10 crossing each other. In the first embodiment, a double-sided adhesive tape or double-sided adhesive film made of an insulating material is used as the insulating member 11.

As described above, in the sheet heating element according to the first embodiment, the thickness (φ) that determines Ω / m of the bare nichrome wire, the connection method of the bare nichrome wire (series or parallel),
By selecting and combining heat-resistant insulating materials such as polyester, the performance such as size, working voltage, heat resistance, etc. can be set extremely freely.

In the first embodiment, the adhesive layer 20 is provided on the multilayer composite film 40, and the bare nichrome wire 10 is provided on the adhesive layer 20, but further on the bare nichrome wire 10. If the adhesive layer 21 is arranged as shown in FIG. 6 and the multilayer composite film 30 is arranged on the adhesive layer 21, the internal adhesion of the planar heating element can be further enhanced.

In the first embodiment described above, the bare nichrome wire 10 and the conductive band 50 are disposed on the adhesive layer 20, but the conductive band 50 is a bare nichrome wire with respect to the adhesive layer 20. The side opposite to 10, that is, the adhesive layer 20
It may be arranged between and the multilayer composite film 40. In such a case, the window used when connecting to the external electric wire 70 is formed in the multilayer composite film 40.

Further, in order to increase the rigidity of the sheet heating element, as shown in FIG. 7, a substrate 80 made of synthetic resin such as polyester or polyimide is arranged on the multilayer composite film 40 by the adhesive layer 22. You may. In such a configuration, the conductive band 50 may be disposed between the multilayer composite film 30 and the adhesive layer 20 as shown in FIG. 7, or the adhesive layer 22 and the multilayer composite film 40.
You may arrange | position between and.

Further, in the structure in which the substrate 80 is interposed between the two multi-layer composite films 30 and 40 as shown in FIG. 7, a groove 81 having a shape as shown in FIG.
The bare nichrome wire 10 may be housed in the groove 81. The groove 81 has a width and a depth greater than the thickness of the bare nichrome wire 10 so that the bare nichrome wire 10 can be stored therein, and the groove 81 may be a through hole having the same size. . With this configuration, it is possible to provide a planar heating element that does not have surface irregularities that occur when the bare nichrome wire 10 is arranged. (Embodiment 2)

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.

The difference between the configuration of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and the second embodiment is that the peripheral dimension of the adhesive layer 20 on the multilayer composite film 40 is the same as the peripheral dimension of the multilayer composite film 40. That is, the insulating cover member 41 having the same peripheral dimension as that of the adhesive layer 20 is disposed on the adhesive layer 20. The insulating cover member 41 is formed with a window portion filled with an epoxy resin 71 having the same shape as the window portion 31 shown in FIG.

Here, the insulating cover member 41 can be constructed by providing an insulating material on at least the surface in contact with the adhesive layer 20, and specifically, a synthetic resin film (or sheet). Or a multilayer composite sheet or the like.

In the second embodiment having such a configuration, the peripheral portion of the sheet heating element can be brought into close contact without heat sealing.

In the second embodiment, the first embodiment is also used.
Similarly to the above, an adhesive layer may be further provided on the bare nichrome wire 10 (see FIG. 6), or the conductive band 50 may be provided between the adhesive layer 20 and the multilayer composite film 40. further,
A substrate 80 may be provided to increase rigidity (see FIG. 7).
Alternatively, the groove portion 81 may be formed in the substrate 80, and the bare nichrome wire 10 may be housed in the groove portion 81 (see FIG. 8).

As shown in FIG. 9, in the second embodiment, a part of the conductive band 50 to which both ends of the bare nichrome wire 10 are soldered is exposed to the outside from the window 31 of the insulating cover member 41. ing. Therefore, this exposed conductive band 5
The electric wire 70 connected to the power source can be easily soldered to the 0 portion as shown in FIG.

If the window of the insulating cover member 41 is coated with the epoxy resin 71 or the like after the electric wire 70 is soldered to the conductive band 50 as described above, external moisture will be absorbed inside the planar heating element. It does not infiltrate. The planar heating element according to the second exemplary embodiment thus configured is attached to the heating target 6 with the adhesive 5 as in the first exemplary embodiment (see FIG. 4).

As described above, according to the second embodiment, since the peripheral portion of the sheet heating element is in close contact with the adhesive layer 20, it is possible that external moisture does not enter the inside. Absent. Further, as described above, the external electric wire 70 can be easily connected by soldering, so that the planar heating element of the conventional planar heating element using the nichrome wire cord shown in FIGS. It eliminates the need for troublesome external connection and troublesome treatments such as waterproofing and moisture proofing, and enables a thin and flexible sheet heating element.

Here, in the second embodiment, the bare nichrome wire 10 is connected in series, but this connection is not limited to series connection, and may be parallel connection as shown in FIG. Here, reference numeral 11 in FIG. 5 denotes an insulating member arranged between the two bare nichrome wires 10 crossing each other. As described above, in the planar heating element according to the second embodiment, the thickness (φ) that determines Ω / m of the bare nichrome wire, the connection method of the bare nichrome wire (series or parallel), heat-resistant polyester, etc. By selecting and combining insulating materials, performance such as size, operating voltage, and heat resistance can be set extremely freely. (Embodiment 3)

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the structure of the third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 10, reference numeral 100 denotes a metal plate (including aluminum foil) such as an aluminum plate.
Reference numeral 1 is an adhesive layer having the same peripheral dimensions as the metal plate (including aluminum foil) 100. The bare nichrome wire 10 and the conductive band 50 are arranged between the adhesive layer 20 and the adhesive layer 21. 90 is a metal plate (including aluminum foil)
The cover member has the same peripheral dimensions as 100. The cover member 90 is formed with a window portion filled with an epoxy resin 71 having the same shape as the window portion 31 shown in FIG.

In the third embodiment, the bare nichrome wire 10 located above the metal plate (including aluminum foil) 100 is electrically insulated from the surroundings by the adhesive layer 20 and the adhesive layer 21. , This cover member 90
Can be made of not only a multilayer composite film or a synthetic resin film (or sheet) but also a sheet made of an insulating material such as a rubber sheet, or a conductive material having a high thermal conductivity such as a metal plate.

Further, in the third embodiment, the substrate 80 having the form as shown in FIG. 8 is arranged between the adhesive layer 20 and the adhesive layer 21, and the bare nichrome wire 1 is provided in the groove 81 of the substrate 80.
You may comprise so that 0 may be accommodated.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the third embodiment, a part of the conductive band 50 to which both ends of the bare nichrome wire 10 are soldered is exposed to the outside from the window of the cover member 90. . Therefore, the electric wire 70 connected to the power source can be easily soldered to the exposed portion of the conductive band 50 as shown in FIG.

If the window portion of the cover member 90 is coated with the epoxy resin 71 or the like after the electric wire 70 is soldered to the conductive band 50 as described above, external moisture will enter the planar heating element. There is nothing to do. The sheet heating element according to the third exemplary embodiment thus configured is attached to the heating target 6 by the adhesive 5 as in the first exemplary embodiment (see FIG. 4).

As described above, according to the third embodiment, since the adhesive layers 20 and 21 are in close contact with each other, external moisture does not enter inside.
Further, as described above, the external electric wire 70 can be easily connected by soldering, and therefore, as shown in FIGS.
In the conventional planar heating element using a nichrome wire cord shown in 5, there is no need for a troublesome external connection of the planar heating element or a troublesome treatment such as waterproofing and moisture proofing, and a thin and flexible planar heating element is obtained. It becomes possible.

Although the bare nichrome wire 10 is connected in series in the third embodiment, this connection is not limited to series connection, and parallel connection as shown in FIG. 5 is also possible. Here, reference numeral 11 in FIG. 5 denotes an insulating member arranged between the two bare nichrome wires 10 crossing each other. As described above, in the sheet heating element according to the third embodiment, the thickness (φ) that determines Ω / m of the bare nichrome wire, the connection method of the bare nichrome wire (series or parallel), heat-resistant polyester, etc. By selecting and combining insulating materials, performance such as size, operating voltage, and heat resistance can be set extremely freely. (Embodiment 4)

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 11, 91 and 92 are synthetic resin films (or sheets), and 100 is a metal plate (aluminum foil is a metal plate having a peripheral dimension smaller than that of the synthetic resin films (or sheets) 91 and 92). Including)
Is. This metal plate (including aluminum foil) 100
Is attached to the synthetic resin film (or sheet) 91 by the adhesive layer 22 having the same peripheral dimension as the peripheral dimensions of the synthetic resin films (or sheets) 91 and 92. An adhesive layer 20 has the same peripheral dimensions as the adhesive layer 22. Reference numeral 10 is a bare nichrome wire, 50 is a conductive band, 60 is solder, and 70 is an electric wire. Here, the synthetic resin film (or sheet) 92 is formed with a window portion filled with an epoxy resin 71 having the same shape as the window portion 31 shown in FIG.

In the fourth embodiment, the adhesive layers 20, 2
2 peripheral dimensions, metal plate (including aluminum foil) 10
The peripheral dimensions of the synthetic resin film (or sheet) 91, 92 may be the same as the peripheral dimension of 0, and may be heat-sealed to each other.

Further, in the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, a metal plate (including aluminum foil) 100 is made into a synthetic resin film (or sheet) by an adhesive layer 22.
It may be configured to be attached to the outside of 91. Also in this case, the peripheral dimension of the adhesive layer 20 is set to be smaller than the peripheral dimension of the synthetic resin films (or sheets) 91 and 92, and the synthetic resin film (or sheet) 9 is formed.
The peripheral portions of 1, 92 may be heat-sealed to each other.

Further, in the fourth embodiment, instead of the metal plate (including aluminum foil) 100, a multilayer composite film including a layer made of aluminum foil having the same peripheral dimension may be arranged.

As shown in FIG. 11, in the fourth embodiment, a part of the conductive band 50 to which both ends of the bare nichrome wire 10 are soldered is a synthetic resin film (or sheet).
It is exposed to the outside through the window portion of 92. Therefore, the electric wire 70 connected to the power source is connected to the exposed conductive band 50.
Can be easily soldered as shown in FIG.

After soldering the electric wire 70 to the conductive band 50 in this manner, a synthetic resin film (or sheet) is formed.
If the window portion of 92 is coated with the epoxy resin 71 or the like, external moisture does not enter the inside of the sheet heating element. The sheet heating element according to the fourth embodiment configured as described above is attached to the heating target 6 with the adhesive 5 as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 4).

As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the peripheral portion of the sheet heating element is brought into close contact with the heat-sealing or adhesive layers 20 and 22, the external moisture penetrates into the inside. There is nothing to do. Further, as described above, the external electric wire 70 can be easily connected by soldering, so that the planar heating element of the conventional planar heating element using the nichrome wire cord shown in FIGS. It eliminates the need for troublesome external connection and troublesome treatments such as waterproofing and moisture proofing, and enables a thin and flexible sheet heating element.

Here, in the fourth embodiment, the bare nichrome wire 10 is connected in series, but this connection is not limited to series connection, and may be parallel connection as shown in FIG. Here, reference numeral 11 in FIG. 5 denotes an insulating member arranged between the two bare nichrome wires 10 crossing each other. As described above, in the sheet heating element according to the fourth embodiment, the thickness (φ) that determines Ω / m of the bare nichrome wire, the connection method of the bare nichrome wire (series or parallel), heat-resistant polyester, etc. By selecting and combining insulating materials, performance such as size, operating voltage, and heat resistance can be set extremely freely.

In Embodiments 1 to 4 described above, a heat insulating material such as styrofoam having the same peripheral dimensions as the planar heating element and having a heat retaining effect is provided on the outside of the planar heating element by means of an adhesive layer. You may attach it.

Further, in the above-described first to fourth embodiments, when the conductive band 50 is provided, the structure shown in FIG.
The upper protective cover 51 and / or the lower protective cover 52 in the form shown in FIG. 3 may be configured to adhere to the conductive band 50 with an adhesive.

Both the upper protective cover 51 and the lower protective cover 52 are protective covers made of polyester or polyimide having heat resistance, low thermal conductivity and hardness.
On the upper protective cover 51, windows 51a and 51b are formed at positions where the conductive band 50 is soldered.

If the upper protective cover 51 is provided, the end of the bare nichrome wire 10 is firmly fixed and melted when the conductive band 50 and the bare nichrome wire 10 are soldered. Since the solder does not flow out of the window portion 51a, it is possible to obtain an effect that the work of soldering the bare nichrome wire 10 and the conductive band 50 can be easily performed.

Further, when the lower protective cover 52 is provided, the material located under the conductive band 50 can be protected from the heat at the time of soldering the conductive band 50. it can.

In the first to fourth embodiments described above, after the external electric wire 70 is soldered to the conductive band 50, the periphery of this electric wire is coated with the epoxy resin 71 or the like. But this external wire 7
If a terminal cover or the like having a conventionally known structure in which the entire surface of the epoxy resin 71 is covered with butyl rubber is provided at the connecting portion between 0 and the sheet heating element, the waterproofness and moistureproofness of this portion can be further enhanced. You can

The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in Embodiments 1 to 4 may be composed of only the pressure-sensitive adhesive material, or may be composed of a synthetic resin film on both surfaces of which the pressure-sensitive adhesive material is provided. In any case, as the function of this adhesive layer,
It suffices to have the function of immobilizing what is located on its surface so that it does not move, and thus the first embodiment
The term "adhesive layer" described in the description of Embodiment 4 is a term representing a broad concept including not only an adhesive layer made of an adhesive but also an adhesive layer made of an adhesive.

[0078]

As described above, according to the present invention,
First, the size and shape of the heat generation size can be freely set, and it is inexpensive, has excellent waterproofness, moisture resistance, and durability, is thin, flexible, and can be used three-dimensionally. The body can be provided. Also,
According to the present invention, secondly, it is possible to provide a planar heating element in which such a planar heating element can be easily connected to another electric wire by soldering.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a connection portion between a bare nichrome wire and a conductive band.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a usage example of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the configurations of an upper protective cover and a lower protective cover used in Embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a conventional sheet heating element.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the sheet heating element shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,10 bare nichrome wire 2 Silicon rubber 3,4 aluminum foil 5 Adhesives (double-sided adhesive film, etc.) 6 object to be heated 11 Insulation member 20,21,22 Adhesive layer 30,40 Multi-layer composite film 31 window 41 Insulation cover member 50 conductive band 51 Upper protective cover 51a, 51b windows 60 solder 70 electric wire 71 Epoxy resin 80 substrates 81 Groove (or through hole) 90 Cover member 91,92 Synthetic resin film (or sheet) 100 metal plate (including aluminum foil)

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F term (reference) 3K034 AA02 AA12 AA15 BA08 BA13                       BA17 BA18 BB08 BB13 BC02                       BC03 BC16 BC17 CA02 CA08                       CA17 CA26 CA32 FA20 JA01                       JA09                 3K092 PP20 QA05 QB02 QB26 QB43                       QB65 QB70 QC02 QC19 QC25                       QC38 QC42 QC43 QC44 QC46                       QC52 QC55 QC66 RF02 RF06                       RF13 RF19 RF26 RF27 SS17                       TT27 VV03 VV12 VV33

Claims (29)

[Claims] 1. Two multilayer composite films having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and a peripheral dimension smaller than a peripheral dimension of the multilayer composite film is provided inside the two multilayer composite films. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material is provided, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through electric wires is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. 2. A planar heating element, characterized in that the peripheral portion of the multilayer composite film is heat-sealed. 2. A conductive band for connecting the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire are connected to each other. The sheet heating element according to claim 1, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 3. An adhesive layer having the same peripheral dimension as that of the wiring fixing adhesive layer is further provided on the bare nichrome wire provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. The sheet heating element according to claim 1 or 2. 4. An adhesive layer for fixing a substrate to the multilayer composite film, between the surface of the adhesive layer for fixing wiring and the multilayer composite film opposite to the surface on which the bare nichrome wire is provided. The planar heating element according to claim 1, wherein a substrate having the same peripheral dimension as the wiring fixing adhesive layer made of synthetic resin fixed by is provided. 5. A conductive band for connecting the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire are connected to each other. The sheet heating element according to claim 4, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 6. The end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire are connected between the multilayer composite film to which the substrate fixing adhesive layer adheres and the substrate fixing adhesive layer. 5. The sheet according to claim 4, wherein a conductive band for the conductive band is provided, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire are soldered to different portions on the conductive band. Heating element. 7. Two multi-layer composite films having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and an adhesive layer for fixing a substrate is provided on both sides inside the two multi-layer composite films. A substrate made of a synthetic resin having a peripheral dimension smaller than that of the multilayer composite film, the substrate having a groove portion or a through hole for accommodating a bare nichrome wire is disposed, and the groove portion or the transparent portion of the substrate is provided. A bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through an electric wire is arranged in the hole, and the peripheral portion of the two multilayer composite films is heat-sealed. Heating element. 8. A conductive band for connecting the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire is provided on the substrate fixing adhesive layer, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire are connected to each other. The sheet heating element according to claim 7, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 9. A multilayer composite film, and an insulating cover member having the same shape as the insulating cover member and having an insulating material disposed on at least one surface side, wherein the insulating material of the insulating cover member is disposed. Is disposed so as to overlap the surface of the multilayer composite film facing the multilayer composite film, and between the multilayer composite film and the insulating cover member, an insulating material having the same peripheral dimension as the peripheral dimension of the multilayer composite film. And a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source via electric wires is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. Heating element. 10. A conductive band for connecting the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire is disposed on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire is connected to the end portion of the bare nichrome wire. The sheet heating element according to claim 9, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 11. An adhesive layer having the same peripheral dimension as that of the wiring fixing adhesive layer is further provided on the bare nichrome wire provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. The sheet heating element according to claim 9 or 10. 12. Between the surface of the wiring fixing adhesive layer opposite to the surface on which the bare nichrome wire is provided and the multilayer composite film or the insulating cover member facing the surface, A substrate having the same peripheral dimension as the wiring fixing adhesive layer made of a synthetic resin fixed by a substrate fixing adhesive layer is disposed on the multilayer composite film or the insulating cover member. Item 9
2. The sheet heating element described in. 13. A conductive band for connecting the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire is connected to the end portion of the bare nichrome wire. The sheet heating element according to claim 12, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 14. An end portion of the bare nichrome wire and an end portion of the electric wire are provided between the multilayer composite film or the insulating cover member to which the substrate fixing adhesive layer adheres and the substrate fixing adhesive layer. 13. A conductive band for connecting to and is provided, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire are soldered to different portions on the conductive band. The sheet heating element described. 15. A multilayer composite film, and an insulating cover member having the same shape as the insulating cover member and having an insulating material provided on at least one surface side, wherein the insulating material of the insulating cover member is provided. The multilayer composite film is disposed so as to overlap with the multilayer composite film in a state of facing the multilayer composite film, and a board fixing adhesive layer is provided on both surfaces between the multilayer composite film and the insulating cover member and the periphery of the multilayer composite film. A substrate made of a synthetic resin having the same peripheral dimensions as the dimensions, in which a substrate having a groove or a through hole for accommodating a bare nichrome wire is provided, and the groove or the through hole of the substrate, A sheet heating element, in which a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through electric wires is provided. 16. A conductive band for connecting the end of the bare nichrome wire and the end of the electric wire is disposed on the substrate fixing adhesive layer, and the end of the bare nichrome wire and the end of the bare nichrome wire are connected to each other. The planar heating element according to claim 15, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 17. A metal plate (including aluminum foil),
A cover member having the same shape as this is disposed so as to overlap each other, and a first adhesive layer made of an insulating material having the same shape as the metal plate is provided between the metal plate and the cover member. A second adhesive layer is provided, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through an electric wire is provided between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer. A sheet heating element characterized by being formed. 18. A conductive band for connecting an end of the bare nichrome wire and an end of the electric wire is provided between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer, The planar heating element according to claim 17, wherein the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire are soldered to different portions on the conductive band. 19. A substrate made of a synthetic resin having the same shape as the two adhesive layers, between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer, and containing a bare nichrome wire. A substrate on which a groove or a through hole is formed is provided, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through an electric wire is provided in the groove or the through hole of the substrate. The planar heating element according to claim 17, wherein 20. A conductive band for connecting an end of the bare nichrome wire and an end of the electric wire is provided on the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer, and 20. The end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire are soldered to different portions on the conductive band.
2. The sheet heating element described in. 21. Two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and a peripheral dimension of the synthetic resin film or sheet is provided inside the two synthetic resin films or sheets. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having a peripheral size smaller than that of the wiring fixing adhesive layer is arranged, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through a wire is arranged on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. The synthetic resin film or sheet is provided between the surface of the wiring fixing adhesive layer on the side opposite to the surface on which the bare nichrome wire is disposed and the synthetic resin film or sheet facing the surface. A metal plate (including an aluminum foil) fixed to the sheet with a fixing adhesive layer and having the same shape as the wiring fixing adhesive layer is disposed, and the two synthetic resin films A sheet-like heating element characterized in that the peripheral portion of the film or sheet is heat-sealed. 22. A conductive band for connecting an end portion of the bare nichrome wire and an end portion of the electric wire is arranged on a surface of the wiring fixing adhesive layer on which the bare nichrome wire is provided. 22. The planar heating element according to claim 21, wherein the sheet-shaped heating element is provided, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire are soldered to different portions on the conductive band. 23. Two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap each other, and a peripheral dimension of the synthetic resin film or sheet is provided inside the two synthetic resin films or sheets. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having a peripheral size smaller than that of the wiring fixing adhesive layer is arranged, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source through a wire is arranged on the wiring fixing adhesive layer. A peripheral portion of the two synthetic resin films or sheets is heat-sealed, and a metal plate (including aluminum foil) is provided on the outer surface of either one of the two synthetic resin films or sheets. A planar heating element characterized by being fixed by an adhesive layer for fixing. 24. A conductive band for connecting the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire are connected to each other. The planar heating element according to claim 23, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 25. Two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap with each other, and a space between the two synthetic resin films or sheets is the same as the synthetic resin film or sheet. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having a shape is provided, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source via electric wires is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, Between the surface of the wiring fixing adhesive layer on the side opposite to the surface on which the bare nichrome wire is provided and the synthetic resin film or sheet facing the surface, for fixing to the synthetic resin film or sheet. A metal plate (including an aluminum foil) fixed by an adhesive layer and having a peripheral dimension smaller than that of the synthetic resin film or sheet is provided. Sheet heating element to be. 26. A conductive band for connecting an end portion of the bare nichrome wire and an end portion of the electric wire is arranged on a surface of the wiring fixing adhesive layer on which the bare nichrome wire is provided. 26. The planar heating element according to claim 25, wherein the sheet-shaped heating element is provided, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire are soldered to different portions on the conductive band. 27. Two synthetic resin films or sheets having the same shape are arranged so as to overlap with each other, and a space between the two synthetic resin films or sheets is the same as the synthetic resin film or sheet. A wiring fixing adhesive layer made of an insulating material having a shape is provided, and a bare nichrome wire whose both ends are connected to an external power source via electric wires is provided on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, A sheet heating element, wherein a metal plate (including an aluminum foil) is fixed by an adhesive layer for fixing on the outer surface of either one of the two synthetic resin films or sheets. 28. A conductive band for connecting the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the electric wire is disposed on the wiring fixing adhesive layer, and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire and the end portion of the bare nichrome wire are connected to each other. The planar heating element according to claim 27, wherein the end portion of the electric wire is soldered to a different portion on the conductive band. 29. The sheet heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the bare nichrome wire is wired along the shape of the peripheral portion of the sheet heating element. .