JP2004019041A - Slippery synthetic fiber - Google Patents
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- JP2004019041A JP2004019041A JP2002175434A JP2002175434A JP2004019041A JP 2004019041 A JP2004019041 A JP 2004019041A JP 2002175434 A JP2002175434 A JP 2002175434A JP 2002175434 A JP2002175434 A JP 2002175434A JP 2004019041 A JP2004019041 A JP 2004019041A
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Abstract
【課題】易滑性繊維であるにもかかわらず、紡績性に優れた合成繊維を提供すること。
【解決手段】繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.16以上であり、沸騰水中で10分間洗浄を行った後の繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.14以下であることを特徴とする。さらには、繊維表面にSiが付着していることが好ましい。シリコン系高分子皮膜等を形成した易滑性合成繊維に、増摩剤を付着させることにより実現される。
【選択図】 なしAn object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic fiber excellent in spinnability despite being a slippery fiber.
The fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient is 0.16 or more, and the fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient after washing in boiling water for 10 minutes is 0.14 or less. Further, it is preferable that Si is attached to the fiber surface. It is realized by attaching a lubricant to a slippery synthetic fiber on which a silicon-based polymer film or the like is formed.
[Selection diagram] None
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、易滑性合成繊維に関する。特には、紡績性に優れる易滑性合成繊維に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
合成繊維は機械的特性、電気的特性、耐熱性、寸法安定性等に優れているため、衣料分野、詰綿分野、産業資材分野等、非常に多くの分野で使用されている。
そして、合成繊維に特殊な機能を付与したものとして、易滑性の合成繊維がある。例えば、繊維表面にシリコン系の高分子皮膜を形成させた易滑性風合いの詰綿用ポリエステル繊維は、羽毛調を付加価値としてより高価格で取引されている。
【0003】
しかしながら、このような易滑性合成繊維からは、不織布は生産できるものの、繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が非常に低いために紡績糸とすることが難しく、紡績糸の生産が困難であるとの問題があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記従来技術を背景になされたもので、その目的は、易滑性繊維であるにもかかわらず、紡績性に優れた合成繊維を提供することにある。さらには獣毛調の布帛に適した、紡績性に優れる易滑性合成繊維を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は鋭意検討を重ねた結果、上記課題は「繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.16以上であり、沸騰水中で10分間洗浄を行った後の繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.14以下であることを特徴とする易滑性合成繊維」により達成されることを見出した。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。
本発明の合成繊維としては、ポリエステル繊維、ポリアミド繊維等であるが、その物性からポリエステル繊維であることが最も好ましい。特にポリエステル繊維を構成するポリエステルが、主たる繰り返し単位としてエチレンテレフタレートが85モル%以上、好ましくは95モル%以上からなるポリエステルであることが最適である。また、テレフタル酸成分およびエチレングリコール成分以外の成分を少量(通常は、テレフタル酸成分に対して15モル%以下)共重合したものであっても良い。最も好適なポリエステルとしては5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸が3〜6モル%、より好ましくは3.5〜5モル%、共重合されたポリエチレンテレフタレート系ポリエステルが挙げられる。このような共重合ポリエチレンテレフタレート系ポリエステルはカチオン系染料によって常圧沸水染色が可能であり、繊維表面に形成されたシリコン系高分子皮膜の破壊脱落を少なくすることができる。なお、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸の共重合割合が3モル%より少なくなると、大気圧下での染色が難しくなる。逆に、6モル%を超えると、ポリエステルの溶融粘度が非常に高くなって溶融紡糸が難しくなり、且つコスト面からも不利となる。また、これらのポリエステルは、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、公知の添加剤、例えば艶消し剤、蛍光増白剤、抗菌剤、消臭剤等を含んでいてもよい。
【0007】
本発明の合成繊維は、通常の紡績糸として使用される範囲の繊維長にカットされ、捲縮が施された短繊維である。用途にもよるが、好ましい繊維長は、35〜110mmである。捲縮としては10〜20山/25mmの範囲が好ましい。また、好ましい単繊維太さは2〜10dtexである。繊維断面は円形、多葉形、中空などいずれであっても良いが、生産性、品質安定性の面で円形が好ましい。
【0008】
本発明の合成繊維の繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数は0.16以上であり、沸騰水中で10分間洗浄を行った後の繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数は0.14以下であることが必要である。なお、本発明で用いる繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数は、JIS L−1015(1999)8.13の方法で測定した。
【0009】
また、本発明の易滑性合成繊維は、繊維表面にSiが付着していることが好ましい。これは例えば、シリコン系の樹脂を付着させることで得ることができ、沸騰水中で洗浄を行った後の繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数を、低くすることができる。
【0010】
本発明の易滑性合成繊維は、繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数を0.16以上であるので、カードのドッファーから出てくるウェブを構成する繊維同士の滑り抜けが少なく、該合成繊維のカード通過が可能である。繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.16未満の場合は、カードのドッファーから出てくるウェブが切れ、安定したカード処理ができなくなる。なお、繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.16より大幅に高くても、カード通過性に問題は起こらないが、通常得られる繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数は高々0.5であり、それ以上高くする必要は無い。
【0011】
このような本発明の易滑性合成繊維を得る方法は、例えばシリコン系樹脂による高分子皮膜が繊維表面に付着した易滑性合成繊維表面に、増摩剤を付与する方法である。易滑性合成繊維表面に付与する増摩剤としては、比較的粘度の高い水溶性非イオン系液状物から適宜選ぶことができる。例えば、5〜15モルのアルキレンオキサイドを付加した脂肪酸エステルおよび脂肪族エーテル等の非イオン系活性剤、ロジンエステルなどを好ましく用いることができる。より具体的には例えば、これら増摩剤を水溶液とし、シリコン系高分子皮膜が形成され、捲縮が施されたポリエステル繊維からなるトウに、スプレーなどを用いて散布し、付着させる。付着量は繊維重量基準で0.05〜0.3重量%が好ましい。
【0012】
次に、本発明の易滑性合成繊維は、沸騰水中で10分間洗浄することによって、シリコン系高分子皮膜の上などに付与されている増摩剤が容易に脱落し、繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.14以下の表面となり、易滑性繊維となる。繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.14を超える合成繊維からなる紡績糸布帛では、カシミヤに代表される獣毛調の風合いが発現しない。なお、繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数が0.13以下になるとさらに易滑性風合いが強くなるので、より好ましい。しかしシリコン系高分子皮膜による繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数があまり低くなると、付与する増摩剤の量を増やす必要があり、染色時の汚染が増えることもあるので、低くても0.07程度にすることが好ましい。
【0013】
該シリコン系高分子皮膜は、特開昭50−48293号公報で開示されているようなオルガノシロキサンなどを処理剤として水エマルジョンとなし、合成繊維を走行させつつディップし、ローラーで適量となるように絞り付着させ、130〜180℃程度の温度で熱処理を行う方法によって形成することができる。該処理剤の付着量は繊維重量基準で0.1〜0.3重量%が好ましい。付着量が0.1重量%未満の場合は、繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数の変動が大きくなり、好ましくない傾向にある。付着量が0.3重量%を超える場合は、シリコン系高分子皮膜の上に付与する増摩剤の量を増やす必要があり、染色時の汚染が増えることもあるので、好ましくない傾向にある。
【0014】
このような本発明の易滑性合成繊維は、容易に紡績糸となすことが可能であり、かつ染色工程等の熱水処理を行い、易滑性風合いの優れたカシミア調の獣毛風の布帛とすることができる。
【0015】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により、本発明を更に具体的に説明する。なお、実施例における各項目は次の方法で測定した。
(1)固有粘度
オルソクロロフェノールを溶媒として使用し35℃で測定した。
(2)繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数
JIS L−1015(1999)8.13に示される方法で測定した。
(3)繊維の洗浄方法
1Lのビーカーに500mlの純水を入れ、沸騰状態とする。この沸騰水中に10gのポリエステル短繊維を投入し、ピンセットまたはガラス棒で10分間かき混ぜ、洗浄する。次いでビーカーの中に常温の純水を流入させながら冷却する。冷却後、ビーカーからポリエステル短繊維を取出し、水切りを行い、110〜120℃の赤外線乾燥機の中で30分間乾燥し、カード処理用洗浄サンプルとした。
(4)カード通過性
ローラーカードを使い、15m/分のドッファー速度下で、幅が約55cm、目付が約30g/m2のウェブを10分間紡出し、ドッファー出口でのウェブの状態を次の基準で判定した。
極めて良好:ウェブの切断が全くなく、ウェブの張り具合も良い状態。
良好:ウェブのたれ下がりはあるが、切断は起こらない状態。
不良:ウェブのたれ下がりが激しく、数回のウェブ切れが起こる状態。
【0016】
[実施例1〜3]
5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸を3.5モル%共重合した、固有粘度が0.50のポリエチレンテレフタレート系ポリエステルチップを150℃で乾燥し、295℃で溶融後、紡糸温度285℃、紡糸速度1150m/分で紡糸した。得られた未延伸糸の固有粘度は0.48、単繊維繊度は8.7デシテックスであった。該未延伸糸を引き揃えて90万デシテックスのトウとなし、70℃の温水中で1.55の倍率で延伸し、引続いて90℃の温水中で3%の制限収縮処理を行い、引続き加熱ローラーにて乾燥した。
【0017】
別途、下記化合物A、B、C、Dを各々27重量部、20重量部、40重量部、13重量%の割合で混合した濃度が5重量%の水エマルジョンを処理槽に準備した。
【0018】
[化合物A](化1)で表されるアミノ基含有トリメチルシラン。
【0019】
【化1】
【0020】
[化合物B](化2)で表されるアミノ基含有オルガノシロキサン。ただし、m=100、n1=2〜3。
【0021】
【化2】
【0022】
[化合物C](化3)で表されるオルガノシロキサン。ただし、n2=100〜8000。
【0023】
【化3】
【0024】
[化合物D](化4)で表されるアルキルアミドアンモニウム塩。
【0025】
【化4】
【0026】
乾燥したトウを該化合物A、B、C、Dの混合水エマルジョン中を通過させ、混合液をトウに付着させた後、クリンパーへ導入し、14山/25mmの巻縮を付与した。巻縮が付与されたトウへ付着している化合物A、B、C、D混合物の付着量は繊維重量に対して0.25重量%であり、水分率は7重量%であった。次に、この巻縮付与トウを150℃の熱風循環式の熱処理機へ通し、30分間の弛緩熱処理を行い、繊維表面にシリコン系高分子皮膜を形成させた。
【0027】
次に、熱処理されたトウにスプレー方式で各々表1に示す仕上げ処理剤(増摩剤)を付与し、ドラム式カッターで76mmに切断しポリエステル捲縮短繊維とした。得られたポリエステル捲縮短繊維の各々の例におけるカード通過性および洗浄前後の繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数をまとめて表1に示す。
【0028】
得られた繊維からなる紡績糸を布帛にしたところ、カシミア調の獣毛風の風合が得られた。
【0029】
[比較例1〜3]
仕上げ処理剤(増摩剤)を、表1にそれぞれ示したものに変更する以外は、実施例と同様にして繊維を得た。得られたポリエステル捲縮短繊維の各々の例におけるカード通過性および洗浄前後の繊維対繊維の静摩擦係数をまとめて表1に示す。得られた繊維のカード通過性は不良であった。
【0030】
【表1】
【0031】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、易滑性繊維であるにもかかわらず、紡績性に優れた合成繊維を提供する。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to slippery synthetic fibers. In particular, it relates to a slippery synthetic fiber having excellent spinnability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Synthetic fibers are excellent in mechanical properties, electrical properties, heat resistance, dimensional stability, and the like, and are therefore used in a great number of fields, such as clothing, cotton, and industrial materials.
As a synthetic fiber having a special function, a synthetic fiber having lubricity is used. For example, polyester fibers for cotton filling having a smooth texture with a silicon-based polymer film formed on the fiber surface are traded at a higher price with the added value of feather tone.
[0003]
However, from such slippery synthetic fibers, although nonwoven fabrics can be produced, it is difficult to produce spun yarns because the coefficient of static friction between fibers is very low, and it is difficult to produce spun yarns. was there.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made on the background of the above-mentioned conventional technology, and an object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic fiber excellent in spinnability despite being a slippery fiber. Another object of the present invention is to provide a slippery synthetic fiber excellent in spinnability and suitable for animal hair-like fabric.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventor has found that the above-mentioned problem is that the fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient is 0.16 or more, and the fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient after washing in boiling water for 10 minutes is 0.14. It has been found that this is achieved by a "slippery synthetic fiber characterized by the following."
[0006]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The synthetic fiber of the present invention is a polyester fiber, a polyamide fiber or the like, and is most preferably a polyester fiber in view of its physical properties. In particular, it is optimal that the polyester constituting the polyester fiber is a polyester comprising ethylene terephthalate as a main repeating unit in an amount of 85 mol% or more, preferably 95 mol% or more. Further, a small amount (usually, 15 mol% or less based on the terephthalic acid component) of a component other than the terephthalic acid component and the ethylene glycol component may be copolymerized. The most preferred polyester is a polyethylene terephthalate-based polyester copolymerized with 3 to 6 mol%, more preferably 3.5 to 5 mol%, of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid. Such a copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate-based polyester can be subjected to normal-pressure boiling water dyeing with a cationic dye, and the destruction and detachment of the silicon-based polymer film formed on the fiber surface can be reduced. In addition, if the copolymerization ratio of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid is less than 3 mol%, it becomes difficult to dye under atmospheric pressure. Conversely, if it exceeds 6 mol%, the melt viscosity of the polyester becomes extremely high, making melt spinning difficult and disadvantageous in terms of cost. In addition, these polyesters may contain known additives such as a matting agent, a fluorescent whitening agent, an antibacterial agent, and a deodorant, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
[0007]
The synthetic fiber of the present invention is a short fiber cut to a fiber length in a range used as a normal spun yarn and crimped. The preferred fiber length is 35 to 110 mm, depending on the use. The crimp is preferably in the range of 10 to 20 peaks / 25 mm. The preferred single fiber thickness is 2 to 10 dtex. The fiber cross section may be any of a circle, a multilobe, and a hollow, but a circle is preferable in terms of productivity and quality stability.
[0008]
The fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient of the synthetic fiber of the present invention is 0.16 or more, and the fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient after washing in boiling water for 10 minutes must be 0.14 or less. In addition, the coefficient of static friction between fibers used in the present invention was measured by the method of JIS L-1015 (1999) 8.13.
[0009]
In addition, the slippery synthetic fiber of the present invention preferably has Si attached to the fiber surface. This can be obtained, for example, by adhering a silicon-based resin, and can reduce the coefficient of static friction between fibers after washing in boiling water.
[0010]
Since the slippery synthetic fiber of the present invention has a fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient of 0.16 or more, the fibers constituting the web coming out of the card doffer are less likely to slip through each other, and the synthetic fiber passes through the card. Is possible. If the fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient is less than 0.16, the web coming out of the card doffer breaks, and stable card processing cannot be performed. If the static friction coefficient of the fiber to the fiber is much higher than 0.16, there is no problem in the card passing property, but the static friction coefficient of the usually obtained fiber to the fiber is at most 0.5, and is set higher than that. No need.
[0011]
The method of obtaining such a slippery synthetic fiber of the present invention is, for example, a method of applying a lubricant to the surface of the slippery synthetic fiber having a polymer film made of a silicone resin adhered to the fiber surface. The lubricant applied to the surface of the slippery synthetic fiber can be appropriately selected from water-soluble nonionic liquids having relatively high viscosity. For example, nonionic activators such as fatty acid esters and aliphatic ethers to which 5 to 15 mol of alkylene oxides are added, rosin esters and the like can be preferably used. More specifically, for example, these lubricants are made into an aqueous solution, and sprayed and adhered to a tow made of a polyester fiber on which a silicon-based polymer film is formed and crimped by using a spray or the like. The amount of adhesion is preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by weight based on the weight of the fiber.
[0012]
Next, the lubricating agent provided on the silicon-based polymer film or the like easily falls off by washing the lubricating synthetic fiber of the present invention in boiling water for 10 minutes, and the static friction between the fiber and the fiber is reduced. The surface has a coefficient of 0.14 or less, and becomes a slippery fiber. A spun yarn fabric composed of synthetic fibers having a fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient of more than 0.14 does not exhibit animal hair texture represented by cashmere. The fiber-to-fiber static friction coefficient of 0.13 or less is more preferable because the lubricity is further increased. However, if the coefficient of static friction between fibers by the silicon-based polymer film is too low, it is necessary to increase the amount of the lubricant to be applied, and the contamination at the time of dyeing may increase. Is preferred.
[0013]
The silicon-based polymer film is formed into a water emulsion using an organosiloxane or the like as disclosed in JP-A-50-48293 as a treating agent, dipped while running synthetic fibers, and adjusted to an appropriate amount with a roller. And heat-treated at a temperature of about 130 to 180 ° C. The amount of the treatment agent is preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by weight based on the weight of the fiber. If the amount of adhesion is less than 0.1% by weight, the variation in the coefficient of static friction between fibers becomes large, which tends to be undesirable. When the amount exceeds 0.3% by weight, it is necessary to increase the amount of the lubricant to be applied on the silicon-based polymer film, and the stain at the time of dyeing may increase. .
[0014]
Such a slippery synthetic fiber of the present invention can be easily formed into a spun yarn, and is subjected to a hot water treatment such as a dyeing step, and is made of a cashmere-like animal hair with an excellent slippery texture. It can be a fabric.
[0015]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. Each item in the examples was measured by the following method.
(1) Intrinsic viscosity Orthochlorophenol was used as a solvent and measured at 35 ° C.
(2) Coefficient of static friction between fiber and fiber Measured by the method shown in JIS L-1015 (1999) 8.13.
(3) Fiber washing method 500 ml of pure water is put into a 1 L beaker and brought into a boiling state. 10 g of polyester short fiber is put into the boiling water, stirred for 10 minutes with tweezers or a glass rod, and washed. Then, cooling is performed while flowing normal temperature pure water into the beaker. After cooling, the polyester short fiber was taken out from the beaker, drained, and dried in an infrared dryer at 110 to 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a cleaning sample for card processing.
(4) Using a card-passing roller card, a web having a width of about 55 cm and a basis weight of about 30 g / m 2 was spun for 10 minutes at a doffer speed of 15 m / min, and the state of the web at the outlet of the doffer was as follows. The judgment was made based on the standard.
Very good: There is no cutting of the web, and the tension of the web is good.
Good: There is sagging of the web, but no cutting occurs.
Bad: The web droops drastically and the web breaks several times.
[0016]
[Examples 1 to 3]
A polyethylene terephthalate-based polyester chip having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.50, copolymerized with 3.5 mol% of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, dried at 150 ° C, melted at 295 ° C, and then spun at a temperature of 285 ° C and a spinning speed of 1150 m / Spun in minutes. The obtained undrawn yarn had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.48 and a single fiber fineness of 8.7 dtex. The unstretched yarns are aligned to make a 900,000 decitex tow, stretched at a magnification of 1.55 in 70 ° C hot water, and subsequently subjected to a 3% restriction shrinkage treatment in 90 ° C warm water. It dried with a heating roller.
[0017]
Separately, each of the following compounds A, B, C, and D was mixed in a proportion of 27 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, and 13% by weight, and a 5% by weight water emulsion was prepared in the treatment tank.
[0018]
[Compound A] An amino group-containing trimethylsilane represented by the following chemical formula (1).
[0019]
Embedded image
[0020]
[Compound B] An amino group-containing organosiloxane represented by the following chemical formula (2). However, m = 100, n1 = 2-3.
[0021]
Embedded image
[0022]
[Compound C] An organosiloxane represented by the following chemical formula (3). However, n2 = 100-8000.
[0023]
Embedded image
[0024]
[Compound D] An alkylamidoammonium salt represented by Chemical Formula 4.
[0025]
Embedded image
[0026]
The dried tow was passed through a mixed water emulsion of the compounds A, B, C, and D, and the mixed solution was attached to the tow, and then introduced into a crimper to give a crimp of 14 peaks / 25 mm. The amount of the mixture of the compounds A, B, C, and D adhering to the crimped tow was 0.25% by weight based on the fiber weight, and the water content was 7% by weight. Next, the crimped tow was passed through a heat treatment machine of a hot air circulation type at 150 ° C., and subjected to relaxation heat treatment for 30 minutes to form a silicon-based polymer film on the fiber surface.
[0027]
Next, each of the heat-treated tows was applied with a finishing agent (lubricant) shown in Table 1 by a spray method, and cut into 76 mm with a drum-type cutter to obtain polyester crimp short fibers. Table 1 summarizes the card permeability and the coefficient of static friction between fibers before and after washing in each of the obtained polyester crimped short fibers.
[0028]
When a spun yarn made of the obtained fiber was used as a fabric, a cashmere-like animal hair-like feeling was obtained.
[0029]
[Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
Fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example, except that the finishing agent (lubricant) was changed to those shown in Table 1. Table 1 summarizes the card permeability and the coefficient of static friction between fibers before and after washing in each of the obtained polyester crimped short fibers. The cardability of the obtained fiber was poor.
[0030]
[Table 1]
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, although it is a slippery fiber, the synthetic fiber excellent in spinnability is provided.
Claims (2)
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| JP2002175434A JP3911205B2 (en) | 2002-06-17 | 2002-06-17 | Slippery polyester fiber |
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| JP2002175434A JP3911205B2 (en) | 2002-06-17 | 2002-06-17 | Slippery polyester fiber |
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