JP2005296595A - Production method and deodorization method of microbial deodorizer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method and a deodorization method of a microbial deodorizer which removes a bad smell and prevents the bad smell from generating when added to such a bad-smelling source as excreta of animals, compost and sludge. <P>SOLUTION: After searching various kinds of excreta compost for any bacteria capable of changing bad-smelling elements into odorless ones, making the deodorant effect last, and preventing the bad smell from generating, when added to such the bad-smelling source as the excreta, the compost and the sludge, Bacillus fusiformis, one of the subspecies of Bacillus bacteria, was found to fulfill those requirements above. Therefore, a deodorizer containing this bacteria as the main component can remove a bad smell from excreta and prevent the bad smell from generating. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to malodor deodorization. More specifically, it relates to deodorization of manure, compost, sludge, etc., and prevention of malodors from them.

  Although human and animal excrement is inherently valuable as an organic fertilizer, it has hygiene problems, and its unique odor is an obstacle, rather than using it. It is desired to treat it quickly, and in urban areas, a large-scale publicly invested facility such as water washing and sewage treatment is used, and measures are taken at high cost. In rural areas where there is no sewerage system, human waste has been treated with a simple water septic tank. In particular, chicken dung and horse dung, which are highly valuable as fertilizers, are dried to reduce odor and are put into circulation as fertilizers. However, in recent years, it has been desired to use organic matter as a valuable material instead of a treatment method that puts such expense and energy, and a technology for composting by the action of microorganisms has been developed. However, even in such a case, it is necessary to remove the malodor of excrement such as manure. The following types of deodorizers and deodorization methods have been developed for that purpose, but each has drawbacks.

  B) Inorganic porous materials such as activated carbon, zeolite, and silica gel and ion exchange resins are said to be effective as adsorbents for removing malodors, but when the amount of adsorbed material exceeds a certain level, it loses its adsorption capacity. The odor removal effect is lost.

  B) Since most offensive odor substances are highly reactive compounds such as amines, mercaptans, and carboxylic acids, organic compounds having unsaturated bonds that react with these to form covalent bonds are used as deodorants. However, in this case, if the reaction amount exceeds a certain level, the malodor removal effect is lost.

  C) Oxygen derived from plants that changes malodorous substances to odorless substances is also known, but since this oxygen acts only on certain substances, it is less effective for those containing miscellaneous odorous substances such as manure. However, the effect is not sustained due to denaturation by various substances and microorganisms contained in manure.

D) It is conceivable to use microorganisms as a deodorizing method to overcome the problems of (i) to (d), and several reports have been made, but all of the miscellaneous malodorous components are effective even for removal of specific malodorous substances. No effective one has been reported.
Filamentous fungi “Journal of Fermentation Engineering” Vol. Yeast “Journal of Fermentation Engineering” Vol. 55, p. 134, 1977 Bacteria "Science and Industry" 63, 374, 1989

  In the present invention, malodorous substances (ammonia, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, disulfurized methyl, lower aliphatic carboxylic acid, lower aliphatic aldehyde, etc.) generated from manure, compost, sludge, etc. are used as odorless substances. The present invention relates to a microbial deodorizing agent that deodorizes by changing and a deodorizing method using the same.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has the effect of 1) being added to odor generating sources such as manure, compost, sludge, etc., 2) changing the odorous component to an odorless component, and 3) Furthermore, in order to obtain bacteria having the ability to suppress the generation of malodor from manure, compost, sludge, etc. by bacteria, searches were conducted using compost from various feces as a separation source. As a result, when the Bacillus bacterium belonging to the subspecies of Bacillus fusiformis satisfies the above-mentioned conditions and uses a deodorizing preparation containing this kind of bacterium as a main component, the odor removal of feces and urine is generated. The present invention has been completed by finding that it can be suppressed.
That is, the present invention relates to a deodorizing microbial preparation characterized by comprising, as a main component, a Bacillus bacterium that is located in a subspecies of Bacillus fushiformis in removing malodor from manure and suppressing the generation of malodor.

  In the present invention, any bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus (hereinafter referred to as the bacterium of the present invention) located in a subspecies of Bacillus fushiformis can be used. Specific examples thereof include Bacillus species MKH-01 strain (hereinafter simply referred to as MKH-01 strain) isolated from chicken manure compost by the present inventor. This MKH-01 strain is a novel strain described at the end of the literature, and was deposited as an independent administrative agency, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Microorganism Deposit Center-FERM P-19736. The mycological properties of this strain are shown in Table 1 below.

上記の菌学的性質からＭＫＨ−０１株は，バチルス属細菌であると見いだされる。このＭＫＨ−０１株の１６ＳｒＤＮＡの塩基配列は表２の通りである。

From the above mycological properties, the MKH-01 strain is found to be a Bacillus bacterium. The base sequence of 16S rDNA of this MKH-01 strain is shown in Table 2.

  Further, Table 3 shows the difference in comparison of the 1547 nucleotide sequences of 16S rDNA between the same strain and the related standard strain.

表３の結果から，バチルス属ＭＫＨ−０１株は，バチルス・フシホルミスとバチルス・スファエリカスの近縁の新しい種で，バチルス・フシホルミスの亜種であると見いだされれる。

From the results in Table 3, the Bacillus genus MKH-01 strain is a new species closely related to Bacillus fusiformis and Bacillus sphaericus, and is found to be a subspecies of Bacillus fusiformis.

  The MKH-01 strain may be cultured in the same manner as known bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus. In producing a deodorizing microbial preparation mainly composed of the bacterium of the present invention, the bacterium may be in any state such as a suspension, paste, dry powder, granule, etc., and an additive may be used. It does not have to be. Any known additive can be used as the additive. For example, carbohydrates, proteins, salts, etc. are used as water-soluble substances, and those that are insoluble in water include starches, sawdust, bacus, etc. Inorganic materials such as organic materials, activated carbon, zeolite, silica gel, white sand, diatomaceous earth, and glass, and synthetic polymer materials such as polyacrylamide, vinyl chloride, nylon, urethane, and polyester are used.

The object of using the deodorizing microorganism preparation of the present invention is not only manure of animals such as humans, chickens, cattle, horses, sheep, but also odors from natural products such as garbage, food factory waste, sludge, etc. Everything is mentioned. The amount of bacteria added varies depending on the subject, but about 10 ⁵ -10 ⁶ per gram of the object for those with relatively low odor generation, and 10 ⁷ -10 for those with significant odor generation. It is effective to add about ^eight .

  According to the present invention, the following effects are achieved in order to remove malodor and suppress the occurrence of malodor.

  (1) By using the product of the present invention, special equipment for removing malodor is not required, and generation of new malodor can be prevented.

  (2) The bacterium of the present invention is effective for removing and suppressing the generation of malodorous components in a wide range, and can target various malodorous products.

  (3) The fungus of the present invention does not require special nutrients for growth and can grow in various malodorous products, so that the effect of the action is sustained.

  (4) The bacterium of the present invention can further prevent malodors from being caused by the propagation of miscellaneous bacteria in addition to removing malodors.

The MKH-01 strain was cultured with shaking at 37 ° C. for 2 days in a liquid medium (pH 7.0) containing 1% meat extract, 1% peptone, 0.2% yeast extract, and 0.1% glucose.
The obtained bacterial cells were collected by centrifugation, and a protective agent (pH 7.0) containing 3% skim milk, 5% glucose, and 1% sodium glutamate was added and lyophilized to prepare a powdered fungus agent. In the following examples, this powder was used to deodorize various urine and compost and prevent the generation of malodors using a fungicide (the number of viable bacteria per gram was 10 ¹¹ ). .

  A household septic tank (1999L) was used continuously for 6 months by 4 family members, and 15 g of dry fungus was poured from the toilet together with water into a tank where the drainage was stinking. After that, the generation of malodor was suppressed for more than three months.

  Specific malodorous substance measurement method (Showa 47 Environment Agency Notification No. 9) to determine the concentration of odorous components generated from the treatment tank before and after adding the dry fungal agent of the present invention to the household combined treatment septic tank of the same scale as Example 1. As a result, the measurement was as shown in Table 4.

  Spread 4.3 kg of chicken manure into a polyethylene plastic bag so that the thickness is about 1 cm, add 43 g of dry fungi, turn it back, tie the mouth of the bag and leave it at 30 ° C. for 2 days. The bad odor disappeared.

  When 20 g of dry fungicide was dissolved in about 100 ml of water and poured into a filth tank (300 L) of a simple toilet at the construction site, the tank became full and no odor was generated until the time of replacement.

  When sprayed by dissolving 1 g of dry fungicide in about 100 ml of water on the surface of about 100 kg of raw garbage that had been put into a drum can and became odorous after several days, the peculiar odor disappeared.

When 300 kg of dry fungicide was dissolved in about 30 L of water and sprayed on a sludge pile (surface area of about 100 m ² ) at a sewage treatment plant, the generation of malodor was suppressed after one day.

  When 2 g of dry fungus was dissolved in 200 ml of water in a room with 5 cats and sprayed with a household sprayer, the odor in the room disappeared.

  It can be used to remove any odors from animals and plants.

Claims (3)

  A method for producing a deodorizing preparation mainly comprising a microorganism belonging to a subspecies of Bacillus fushiformis.   A method for deodorizing manure, compost, sludge and the like using the microorganism preparation according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism belonging to the subspecies of Bacillus fushiformis is Bacillus bacterium MKH-01.   A malodor generation inhibitor and a malodor generation suppression method comprising the microorganism according to item 2 as a main component.