JP2006336830A - Brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a brake device capable of releasing brake braking with a small electromagnetic force even in a brake device having a large brake braking force.
SOLUTION: A field 4a, an armature 4b provided opposite to the field 4a, a brake shoe 4d provided to be interlocked with the armature 4b and facing a braking surface 3 to be braked, and between the field 4a and the armature 4b Provided with a brake spring 4c that displaces the armature 4b in the direction away from the field 4a when the brake is dropped and presses the brake shoe 4d against the braking surface 3 as a braking force, and at the time of brake suction in which the field 4a is magnetized, In a brake device that releases the braking force by attracting the armature 4b to the field 4a against the spring force of the braking spring 4c, the compression length of the braking spring 4c when the brake is dropped is extended immediately before the brake is sucked. An expansion / contraction mechanism 5-10 is provided to weaken the force and return to the original compression length when the brake is dropped to increase the spring force.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a brake device using an electromagnetic force and a braking spring.

  A brake device using a conventional electromagnetic force and a braking spring is roughly composed of a field (fixed iron core) and an armature (movable iron core). A coil is wound around the field, and an electromagnetic force is generated by passing an electric current through the coil. This electromagnetic force compresses the compressed spring between the field and the armature to attract the armature and the field, thereby controlling the brake. It will be the power to release power. When the electromagnetic force is interrupted, the compressed spring force is released and becomes the braking force of the brake. (For example, Patent Document 1)

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-294385 (paragraph 2, Fig. 4)

In a conventional brake device using an electromagnetic force and a braking spring, the attractive force that the field attracts the armature is proportional to the magnitude of the current flowing through the coil wound around the field, and the gap (distance) between the field and the armature and It is inversely proportional to the spring force of the brake spring compressed between the field and the armature. Here, the spring force of the brake spring is a necessary brake brake force, and the gap between the field and the armature becomes a stroke of the brake operation, and it is necessary to secure a large amount in consideration of the possibility that the brake target is bent or moved. .
As a result, in order to ensure a large clearance as described above and to obtain the required braking force (spring force) of the brake, it is necessary to expect an increase in the attractive force that the field attracts the armature, that is, a significant increase in current to the coil. Arise. Conventionally, this has led to problems such as an increase in the size of the field and an increase in the size of the brake device, and has also been a problem for power saving.
Moreover, in the elevator hoisting machine of the disc type brake, the width of the elevator hoisting machine (the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis) is determined by the size of the brake device. This has led to an increase in the outer dimensions of the upper machine, which has been a problem for saving space in the machine room in which the elevator hoist is arranged.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a brake device capable of releasing a brake with a small electromagnetic force even in a brake device having a large brake braking force.

  In the brake device according to the present invention, a field, an armature provided opposite to the field, a brake shoe provided so as to interlock with the armature, and opposed to a braking surface to be braked, and between the field and the armature. And a braking spring that displaces the armature in the direction away from the field when the brake is dropped and presses the brake shoe against the braking surface to make a braking force, and resists the spring force of the braking spring when the brake is attracted when the field is magnetized. In the brake device configured to suck the armature into the field and release the braking force, the compression length of the braking spring when the brake is dropped is extended just before the brake is sucked to weaken the spring force, and the original compression is applied when the brake is dropped It is equipped with an expansion / contraction mechanism that returns the length to strengthen the spring force.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the braking force of the conventional brake when the brake is dropped and to reduce the electric power required when the brake is sucked.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an outline of an elevator hoisting machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The elevator hoisting machine 1 is installed in a machine room via a vibration isolating rubber 1c on a machine base 1d. The main shaft 1a is supported on the bearing stand 1b of the hoisting machine 1. The driving sheave of the hoisting machine 1 is pivotally supported by the main shaft 1a, and the main rope 2 is wound around and driven to rotate, and a car (not shown) and a counterweight (Fig. (Not shown). The car side of the main rope 2 wound around the hoisting machine 1 is further wound around the solar car 1a and suspends the car. The rotating body connected to the driving sheave of the hoist 1 is provided with a disk 3 having a braking surface, and the bearing stand 1b is provided with a brake device 4 corresponding to the disk 3.

FIG. 2 is a plan view and a front view showing the main part of the brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The brake device 4 includes a field (fixed iron core) 4a and a pair of brake springs 4c connected to each side of an armature (movable iron core) 4b opposed to the field (fixed iron core) 4a, and a brake shoe 4d. The field 4a is an electromagnetic magnet around which a coil is wound, and ON / OFF of the electromagnetic force is interlocked with an elevator power source. The armature 4b faces the front of the field 4a, compresses the braking spring 4c when the electromagnetic force of the field 4a is ON, and attracts it to the field 4a. This phenomenon is called "suction" state of the brake. When the electromagnetic force of the field 4a is OFF, the compression force of the braking spring 4c is released. This phenomenon is called “braking” state of the brake. The brake shoe 4d is detachable from the disc braking surface 3 in conjunction with the armature 4b, is released from the disc braking surface 3 in the suction state, releases the brake braking, and is pressed in the fall state to brake the brake. is there.
Reference numeral 5 denotes a disk-like rotationally movable fixed portion provided to face the back surface of the field 4a, and supports the end of the brake spring 4c on the field side. Reference numeral 6 denotes a pair of hemispherical protrusions provided on a portion of the rotationally movable fixed portion 5 that supports the braking spring 4c. 7 is a hemispherical seat provided at the end of the braking spring 4c on the field 4a side, and the hemispherical projection 6 of the rotationally movable fixed part 5 is in contact with the spherical surface, and the sliding is smooth with less friction. Is possible. 5a is a rotating mechanism such as a bearing or a sliding bearing provided at the center of the rotationally movable fixed part 5, receives a shaft 5b standing on the back of the field 4a, and fixes the rotationally movable fixed part 5 and the field 4a. The shaft 5b is movable in the rotational direction about the central axis. Reference numeral 5c denotes a support member that is integrally attached so as to extend in the circumferential direction of the rotary movable fixing portion 5. Reference numeral 8 denotes an electromagnetic actuator that is turned on and off in conjunction with the elevator power source, thereby energizing and deactivating the rotation of the support member 5c and the rotationally movable fixed portion 5. Reference numeral 9 denotes an urging spring having one end attached to the bearing stand 1b and the other end attached to the tip of the support member 5c, which rotates the support member 5c and the movable fixed portion 5. Here, by lengthening the support member 5c, the rotationally movable fixed portion 5 can be rotated with a small force, and the electromagnetic actuator 8 and the biasing spring 9 can be reduced in size. Reference numeral 10 denotes a pair of stoppers of the support member 5c provided on the bearing stand 1b, and regulates the rotation range of the support member 5c and the rotatable movable fixed portion 5.

The operation of the brake device configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a plan view and a front view showing a state of the brake device of FIG. 2 during brake suction.
When the brake that does not use the elevator is dropped, as shown in FIG. 2, the power of the electromagnetic actuator 8 is OFF, and the spring force by the biasing spring 7 acts on the support member 5c. Is under the stopper 10. The hemispherical protrusion 6 of the movable fixed part 5 and the hemispherical seat 7 of the braking spring 4c contact each other at the head part, and the seat 7 is located away from the rotationally movable fixed part 5, so The compression length of the spring 4c is a normal length, and the force that separates the field 4a and the armature 4b is energized, which is the original spring force.
Here, when the power is turned on when the elevator is used, the electromagnetic actuator 8 is first turned on and acts on the support member 5c immediately before the brake 4 is first sucked, as shown in FIG. As a result, the support member 5c and the rotationally movable fixing portion 5 rotate via the rotation mechanism 5a to compress and compress the biasing spring 9. The support member 5c rotates until it hits above the pair of stoppers 10, and does not rotate more than necessary. Then, when the rotary movable fixing part 5 rotates, the contact between the hemispherical seat 7 of the braking spring 4c and the hemispherical protrusion 6 of the rotary movable fixing part 5 is released, and the seat 7 is movable. Move to the fixed part 5 and move until it comes into contact. As the seat 7 moves, the compression length of the brake spring 4c is extended more than the normal length, so that the force that separates the field 4a and the armature 4b is smaller than the original spring force. In this state, the electromagnetic magnet in the field 4a is turned on to attract the armature 4b and bring the brake 4 into the suction state.
Further, when the brake using the elevator is attracted, the compression length of the braking spring 4c is always in the extended state, so that the electromagnetic force can be small.
Next, when the power is turned off at the end of use of the elevator or in an emergency such as a power failure, the power of the electromagnetic actuator 8 is turned off immediately before the brake 4 is dropped, and the spring force by the biasing spring 9 is applied to the support member 5c. Works. The support member 5c and the rotationally movable fixing portion 5 rotate until the support member 5c hits below the pair of stoppers 10 and do not rotate more than necessary. Then, as the rotationally movable fixing part 5 rotates, the hemispherical seat 7 of the braking spring 4c and the hemispherical protrusion 6 of the rotationally movable fixing part 5 come into contact with each other, and the seat 7 is rotationally movable. Move away from the fixed portion 5. As the seat 7 moves, the compression length of the braking spring 4c is returned to the normal length, so that the force that separates the field 4a and the armature 4b is the original spring force. In this state, the electromagnetic magnet of the field 4a is turned off, the armature 4b is pulled away from the field 4a, and the brake is dropped.

  This ensures the necessary brake stroke between the field 4a and the armature 4b, and when the brake is dropped, the necessary spring force, which is the braking force of the brake, is generated as before, and more when the brake is sucked. The field 4a and the armature 4b can be attracted by a small electromagnetic force (current amount).

  This avoids an increase in the size of the field 4a and an increase in the size of the brake device.

  Further, by using this brake device, the elevator hoisting machine can be avoided in size and the space in the machine room can be saved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view and a front view showing the main part of the brake device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
In the present embodiment, instead of the hemispherical projection 6 provided on the rotationally movable fixing portion 5 in the first embodiment, a freely rotating ball 6a is provided, and a seat provided at the end of the braking spring 4c. Reference numeral 7a denotes a cross section of a portion in contact with the ball 6a having an arcuate spherical cross section.

  As a result, the same effect as in the first embodiment is achieved, and the spherical seat that abuts on the freely moving ball has an arc shape, the ball rotates, and the contact angle between the ball and the spherical seat is small. At this time, the rotary movable fixed portion can operate smoothly, and the biasing spring 7 and the electromagnetic actuator 8 for biasing and deactivating the movable fixed portion can be further downsized.

1 is a front view showing an overview of an elevator hoisting machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view and a front view showing a main part of a brake device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2, showing a state of the brake device during suction of the brake. FIG. 6 is a plan view and a front view showing a main part of a brake device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Elevator hoisting machine, 2 main rope, 3 disc braking surface, 4 brake device, 4a field, 4b armature, 4c braking spring, 4d brake shoe, 5, 5d rotating movable fixed part, 5a rotating mechanism, 5c support member , 6 protrusions, 6a ball, 7, 7a seat, 8 biasing spring, 9 electromagnetic actuator, 10 stopper,

Claims (6)

Field and
Armature provided opposite to this,
A brake shoe provided in conjunction with the armature and facing the braking surface to be braked;
A brake spring provided between the field and the armature, displacing the armature away from the field when the brake is dropped, and pressing the brake shoe against the braking surface to make a braking force;
In the brake device configured to attract the armature to the field and release the braking force against the spring force of the braking spring at the time of brake suction in which the field is magnetized,
Brake comprising a telescopic mechanism that extends the compression length of the braking spring when the brake is dropped just before sucking the brake to weaken the spring force and returns to the original compression length when the brake is dropped to increase the spring force apparatus.   The telescopic mechanism includes a rotary movable part connected to the field, a protrusion provided on the rotary movable part, and a seat that contacts the protrusion and is provided at the field side end of the brake spring. The movable portion and the protrusion are rotationally displaced to disengage the contact between the seat and the protrusion, and the seat is displaced in the expansion and contraction direction of the brake spring, thereby changing the compression length of the brake spring. The brake device according to claim 1.   3. The brake device according to claim 2, wherein the projection and the seat of the telescopic mechanism are hemispherical, and both contact with each other on the spherical surfaces.   The protrusion of the telescopic mechanism is a ball rotatably provided on the rotary movable part, the seat has a spherical surface having a circular cross section, and the protrusion and the seat are in contact with each other. Item 3. The brake device according to item 2.   5. The rotary movable unit includes an electromagnetic actuator and an urging spring that applies a force opposite to the electromagnetic actuator, and is rotationally displaced by an ON / OFF operation of the electromagnetic actuator. The brake device in any one. The spindle,
A driving sheave pivoted on the main shaft and wound with a main rope;
A rotating body connected to the drive sheave and having a disc braking surface;
A disc brake device provided corresponding to the disc braking surface,
The disc brake device includes a field and an armature provided to face the field,
The brake shoe is provided in conjunction with the armature and is opposed to the disc braking surface of the rotating body, and is provided between the field and the armature. When the brake is dropped, the armature is displaced in a direction away from the field, and the brake A brake spring that presses the shoe against the disk braking surface of the rotating body and applies a braking force, and attracts the armature to the field against the spring force of the braking spring when the brake is attracted to magnetize the field. In the elevator hoisting brake system that releases power,
Elevator equipped with a telescopic mechanism that extends the compression length of the braking spring when the brake is dropped just before sucking the brake to weaken the spring force, and returns to the original compression length when the brake is dropped to increase the spring force Brake device for hoisting machine.

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