JP2007149357A - 燃料電池用導電性多孔体、それを備えた燃料電池およびそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池用導電性多孔体、それを備えた燃料電池およびそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007149357A JP2007149357A JP2005338181A JP2005338181A JP2007149357A JP 2007149357 A JP2007149357 A JP 2007149357A JP 2005338181 A JP2005338181 A JP 2005338181A JP 2005338181 A JP2005338181 A JP 2005338181A JP 2007149357 A JP2007149357 A JP 2007149357A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- porous body
- fuel cell
- conductive
- cell according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0232—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
- H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 燃料電池用導電性多孔体は、金属多孔体(40)と、金属多孔体(40)の一面側に配置されガス透過性を有する導電性層(20)とを備え、金属多孔体(40)の一面側の少なくとも一部は、導電性層(20)の他面に埋め込まれ、導電性層(20)の一面側の平面度は、金属多孔体(40)の一面側の平面度よりも高いことを特徴とする。金属多孔体(40)に圧力をかけなくても、膜電極接合体(10)との間に十分な接触面積が得られる。したがって、金属多孔体(40)の内部性状を変化させることなく、膜電極接合体(10)との接触抵抗を低減させることができる。
【選択図】 図1
Description
11 電解質膜
12,13 触媒層
14,15 ガス拡散層
20,30 撥水層
40,50 多孔体層
60,70 セパレータ
21,31,80,90 親水層
100,100a,100b 燃料電池
201 撥水剤
203 親水剤
Claims (16)
- 金属多孔体と、
前記金属多孔体の一面側に配置され、ガス透過性を有する導電性層とを備え、
前記金属多孔体の一面側の少なくとも一部は、前記導電性層の他面に埋め込まれ、
前記導電性層の一面側の平面度は、前記金属多孔体の一面側の平面度よりも高いことを特徴とする燃料電池用導電性多孔体。 - 前記金属多孔体は、前記導電性層との間に隙間がない程度に前記導電性層に埋め込まれていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体。
- 前記導電性層の一面側の平面度は、10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体。
- 前記金属多孔体は、発泡焼結金属体であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体と、
電解質膜の両面に触媒層が形成され、少なくとも一方の前記触媒層と前記燃料電池用導電性多孔体の一面とが対向するように配置されたMEAとを備えることを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記導電性層は、撥水性を有することを特徴とする請求項5記載の燃料電池。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体と、
電解質膜の両面に触媒層およびガス拡散層が順に形成され、少なくとも一方の前記ガス拡散層と前記燃料電池用導電性多孔体の一面とが対向するように配置されたMEAとを備えることを特徴とする燃料電池。 - 前記導電性層は、親水性を有することを特徴とする請求項7記載の燃料電池。
- 平面プレート上に導電性スラリーを、所定厚となるように配置する工程と、
前記導電性スラリー上に導電性多孔体を積層する工程と、
前記導電性スラリーを乾燥させてガス透過性を有する導電性層を形成する工程と、
前記導電性層と前記平面プレートとを分離する工程とを含むことを特徴とする燃料電池用導電性多孔体の製造方法。 - 前記平面プレートの上面の平面度は、10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項9記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体の製造方法。
- 前記導電性多孔体は、金属多孔体であることを特徴とする請求項9または10記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体の製造方法。
- 前記金属多孔体は、発泡焼結金属体であることを特徴とする請求項9〜11のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体の製造方法。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体を、プロトン導電性電解質膜の両面に触媒層が形成されたMEA上に、前記導電性層と少なくとも一方の前記触媒層とが対向するように積層する工程を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記導電性層は、撥水性を有することを特徴とする請求項13記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
- 請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載の燃料電池用導電性多孔体を、プロトン導電性電解質膜の両面に触媒層およびガス拡散層が順に形成されたMEA上に、少なくともいずれか一方の前記導電性層と前記ガス拡散層とが対向するように積層する工程を含むことを特徴とする燃料電池の製造方法。
- 前記導電性層は、親水性を有することを特徴とする請求項15記載の燃料電池の製造方法。
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005338181A JP5061454B2 (ja) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | 燃料電池 |
| KR1020087012302A KR100968237B1 (ko) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-23 | 연료 전지용 전기 도전성 다공체, 그것을 구비한 연료전지, 및 그것의 제조 방법 |
| CN2006800441741A CN101317292B (zh) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-23 | 燃料电池用导电多孔体、具有其的燃料电池及其制造方法 |
| EP06820957A EP1961062B1 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-23 | Electrically conductive porous body for a fuel cell, fuel cell having same, and method of manufacturing same |
| PCT/IB2006/003323 WO2007060527A2 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-23 | Electrically conductive porous body for a fuel cell having same, and method of manufacturing same |
| DE602006016329T DE602006016329D1 (de) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-23 | Elektrisch leitfähiger poröser körper für eine brennstoffzelle damit und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
| CA2625617A CA2625617C (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-23 | Electrically conductive porous body for a fuel cell, fuel cell having same, and method of manufacturing same |
| US12/083,243 US7811715B2 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-23 | Electrically conductive porous body for a fuel cell, fuel cell having same, and method of manufacturing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005338181A JP5061454B2 (ja) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | 燃料電池 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007149357A true JP2007149357A (ja) | 2007-06-14 |
| JP5061454B2 JP5061454B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 |
Family
ID=37969598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005338181A Expired - Fee Related JP5061454B2 (ja) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | 燃料電池 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7811715B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1961062B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5061454B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100968237B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101317292B (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2625617C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE602006016329D1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007060527A2 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008108456A (ja) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-05-08 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極、燃料電池のセル及び燃料電池のスタック |
| JP2009021235A (ja) * | 2007-06-15 | 2009-01-29 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 膜−電極−ガス拡散層接合体及びこれを備える燃料電池 |
| JP2009277503A (ja) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-11-26 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池および燃料電池スタック |
| JP2010244910A (ja) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池 |
| WO2015004969A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用単セル |
| KR20160140731A (ko) | 2014-03-31 | 2016-12-07 | 스미토모덴키고교가부시키가이샤 | 연료 전지용 집전체 및 연료 전지 |
| WO2020045618A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | Tdk株式会社 | 酸素還元電極、金属空気電池、アルカリ燃料電池及び酸素還元電極の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8617759B2 (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-12-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Selectively coated bipolar plates for water management and freeze start in PEM fuel cells |
| EP2834870B1 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2015-09-16 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Membrane electrode assembly, fuel cell, fuel cell stack, and method for manufacturing membrane electrode assembly |
| KR101321463B1 (ko) | 2012-06-28 | 2013-10-28 | 주식회사 셀모티브 | 연료전지 및 연료전지의 제조방법 |
| CN114725399B (zh) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-10-17 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | 一种低温冷启动适应性气体扩散层及其制备方法与燃料电池 |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3948684A (en) * | 1972-11-01 | 1976-04-06 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence | Oxygen electrode and process for making the same |
| JPH11241196A (ja) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-07 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質−触媒複合電極 |
| JP2003282068A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 金属多孔体及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| JP2004169165A (ja) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-17 | Choichi Furuya | ガス拡散電極の製造方法 |
| JP2005158324A (ja) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
| WO2005081339A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-23 | 2005-09-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | ガス拡散層およびこれを用いた燃料電池 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5120158A (en) * | 1974-08-09 | 1976-02-18 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co | Kongobutsuno shoriho |
| US5266177A (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1993-11-30 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. | Process for preparing reaction layer of gas permeable electrode |
| US5350643A (en) * | 1992-06-02 | 1994-09-27 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell |
| JPH07220734A (ja) * | 1994-01-31 | 1995-08-18 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ガス拡散電極の製造方法 |
| US6183898B1 (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 2001-02-06 | Hoescht Research & Technology Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gas diffusion electrode for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells |
| JP2000328279A (ja) | 1999-05-25 | 2000-11-28 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 電気化学セル用給電体の製造方法 |
| US7273673B2 (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2007-09-25 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Solid electrolyte type fuel cell and air electrode current collector for used therein |
| US6743543B2 (en) | 2001-10-31 | 2004-06-01 | Motorola, Inc. | Fuel cell using variable porosity gas diffusion material |
| JP4346874B2 (ja) | 2002-08-08 | 2009-10-21 | 株式会社大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ | 多孔質導電板 |
| US7846591B2 (en) | 2004-02-17 | 2010-12-07 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Water management layer on flowfield in PEM fuel cell |
| JP4696545B2 (ja) | 2004-12-08 | 2011-06-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池 |
-
2005
- 2005-11-24 JP JP2005338181A patent/JP5061454B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-11-23 CA CA2625617A patent/CA2625617C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-23 DE DE602006016329T patent/DE602006016329D1/de active Active
- 2006-11-23 CN CN2006800441741A patent/CN101317292B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-23 KR KR1020087012302A patent/KR100968237B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-23 EP EP06820957A patent/EP1961062B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-11-23 US US12/083,243 patent/US7811715B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-23 WO PCT/IB2006/003323 patent/WO2007060527A2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3948684A (en) * | 1972-11-01 | 1976-04-06 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence | Oxygen electrode and process for making the same |
| JPH11241196A (ja) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-09-07 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 固体高分子電解質−触媒複合電極 |
| JP2003282068A (ja) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-10-03 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 金属多孔体及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
| JP2004169165A (ja) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-17 | Choichi Furuya | ガス拡散電極の製造方法 |
| JP2005158324A (ja) * | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池 |
| WO2005081339A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-23 | 2005-09-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | ガス拡散層およびこれを用いた燃料電池 |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008108456A (ja) * | 2006-10-23 | 2008-05-08 | Equos Research Co Ltd | 燃料電池用電極、燃料電池のセル及び燃料電池のスタック |
| JP2009021235A (ja) * | 2007-06-15 | 2009-01-29 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 膜−電極−ガス拡散層接合体及びこれを備える燃料電池 |
| JP2009277503A (ja) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-11-26 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池および燃料電池スタック |
| JP2010244910A (ja) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池 |
| WO2015004969A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用単セル |
| JP6066150B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-10 | 2017-01-25 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用単セル |
| US9837676B2 (en) | 2013-07-10 | 2017-12-05 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell single cell |
| KR20160140731A (ko) | 2014-03-31 | 2016-12-07 | 스미토모덴키고교가부시키가이샤 | 연료 전지용 집전체 및 연료 전지 |
| US10797323B2 (en) | 2014-03-31 | 2020-10-06 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Current collector for fuel cell, and fuel cell |
| WO2020045618A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-05 | Tdk株式会社 | 酸素還元電極、金属空気電池、アルカリ燃料電池及び酸素還元電極の製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE602006016329D1 (de) | 2010-09-30 |
| CA2625617A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| WO2007060527A3 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
| CN101317292A (zh) | 2008-12-03 |
| EP1961062B1 (en) | 2010-08-18 |
| US7811715B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 |
| CA2625617C (en) | 2011-07-19 |
| KR20080056024A (ko) | 2008-06-19 |
| CN101317292B (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
| JP5061454B2 (ja) | 2012-10-31 |
| US20090111001A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
| EP1961062A2 (en) | 2008-08-27 |
| WO2007060527A2 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| KR100968237B1 (ko) | 2010-07-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2862221B1 (en) | Flow structures for use with an electrochemical cell | |
| US9123962B2 (en) | Flow battery having electrodes with a plurality of different pore sizes and or different layers | |
| KR101747456B1 (ko) | 고체 고분자형 연료 전지용 가스 확산층 부재 및 고체 고분자형 연료 전지 | |
| JP2008218411A (ja) | 作用面積における拡散性が制御されたガス拡散層 | |
| WO2015145128A1 (en) | Process of manufacturing a catalyst-coated membrane-seal assembly | |
| JP5061454B2 (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
| CN115699373A (zh) | 制造膜电极组件的方法 | |
| MX2012007565A (es) | Capas para mejorar el rendimiento de celdas de combustible. | |
| JP2009199877A (ja) | 燃料電池および燃料電池の製造方法 | |
| JP5364980B2 (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
| JP5838570B2 (ja) | 固体高分子形燃料電池における膜電極接合体 | |
| JP2009277370A (ja) | 膜電極接合体 | |
| CN106463746A (zh) | 膜密封组件 | |
| JP4959945B2 (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池 | |
| JP5245440B2 (ja) | 燃料電池用膜−電極接合体の製造方法 | |
| CN106256039A (zh) | 方法 | |
| JP2008041348A (ja) | 固体高分子型燃料電池及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2008226601A (ja) | 膜−膜補強部材接合体、膜−触媒層接合体、膜−電極接合体、高分子電解質形燃料電池、及び膜−膜補強部材接合体の製造方法 | |
| JP2003142110A (ja) | 燃料電池用電極および燃料電池 | |
| JP2006040631A (ja) | 高分子電解質膜および高分子電解質形燃料電池 | |
| JP2018077980A (ja) | 膜電極接合体の製造方法 | |
| JP2008300325A (ja) | 燃料電池 | |
| JP2006004808A (ja) | 燃料電池素材の加圧方法 | |
| JP2007328936A (ja) | 燃料電池、燃料電池用触媒電極層、および、燃料電池の製造方法 | |
| JP2005116180A (ja) | セパレータの機能を併せ持つ拡散層を備えた燃料電池と拡散層用の材料 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20081003 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20110415 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110426 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20110621 |
|
| A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20120207 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120426 |
|
| A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20120507 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20120605 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120618 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120710 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120723 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150817 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |