JP2009046830A - Load-bearing floor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a load-bearing floor having a suitable daylighting property, sufficient strength, simple structure, and suitable as a flooring material for a building.
A load-bearing floor is composed of a panel material and a top plate. The panel material 12 is made of light-transmitting FRP and has a lattice-shaped rib structure. The top plate is a plate made of polycarbonate. The panel material 12 is composed of ribs constituting an outer frame and a lattice shape, and a through hole 20 is formed in each lattice. Both side surfaces of the through hole 20 of the panel material 12 are formed in a tapered shape in which the lower side gradually widens. A block-shaped engagement tool 26 having a predetermined thickness is inserted into the through hole 20. Since the side surface of the engagement tool 26 is formed in the same tapered shape as the both side surfaces of the through hole 20, the contact area between the engagement tools 26 is increased and the friction holding force of the engagement tool 26 in the lattice is improved. It is possible to prevent the tool 26 from coming down from the panel material 12. A coach bolt 28 is inserted into the engaging tool 26 and fixed to the receiving member 24.
[Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a load-bearing floor that resists horizontal loads applied to buildings such as earthquakes and winds, and more particularly to a load-bearing floor having daylighting properties.

  In conventional framing houses, the load-bearing wall is a very important load-bearing element, but the floor material that forms the horizontal structure is also an important load-bearing element in order to make the load-bearing wall work effectively. The floor structure is also regarded as very important in terms of increasing the degree of design freedom such as building with unevenly arranged bearing walls and creating a large open space.

  Conventionally, as a flooring material for a building, Patent Document 1 discloses a flooring material in which tiles are attached to a resin mat assembled in a lattice shape. However, since this floor material has a structure in which tiles are attached between the lattices of the resin mat, the number of parts is large and the assembly work of the floor material is troublesome.

On the other hand, as a conventional method of attaching a grid-like panel material, a mounting bracket having a concave cross section is inserted into the grid, and the mounting bracket is connected to a panel mounting portion by a fastening means such as a bolt to fix the panel. An attachment method is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2). This mounting method allows the panel to be fixed without the mounting bracket being exposed on the panel and impairing the appearance. However, the structural plywood (thickness 24 mm) with the maximum floor magnification in the accuracy method is used. A load bearing floor having a floor magnification of about 3.0 or higher cannot be obtained.
JP-A-8-135148 JP 11-229505 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has an object of providing a load-bearing floor suitable for use as a flooring of a building, having a suitable daylighting property and having sufficient strength and a simple structure. To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 includes a light-transmitting synthetic resin panel material in which a plurality of grid-like ribs are formed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction as a flooring of a building. A block-shaped engagement tool is inserted into a through-hole formed in the lattice of the panel material, and the engagement tool is fixed to a receiving material of a building through a coupling means.

  A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect, a top plate is attached to the flooring material, and the top plate is made of polycarbonate having a light transmitting property and a light diffusing property.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the engagement tool is made of resin or metal.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the panel material for the load-bearing floor is manufactured from a synthetic resin, and a plurality of grid ribs are formed in the vertical and horizontal directions. A load-bearing floor having performance can be provided. In the load-bearing floor according to claim 1, since the panel material is light-transmitting, it is possible to reduce sunlight taken into the downstairs and a feeling of pressure of the view to the upstairs. Moreover, it can have the strength of a horizontal construction surface. In addition, in an existing house with a low horizontal structural rigidity, if the seismic reinforcement is performed as a new horizontal structural reinforcement (creating a new floor surface in a space such as a building atrium) in the space part, the lattice part Since the floor is formed from the air, it has air permeability and can be daylighted, so that it can have a structure close to a blow-through.

  According to the invention described in claim 2, since the top plate attached to the panel material is made of polycarbonate, the structure is simple and the assembling work is facilitated, the strength per unit thickness is improved, and the load-bearing floor is reduced in weight. Can be planned. Compared to glass, which is another transparent material, the strength per unit thickness is strong, so the thickness of the top plate can be reduced. Moreover, since the density is lower than that of glass, the weight can be reduced, so that assembly work is easy even if the load-bearing floor is enlarged. Other transparent resin materials include acrylic resin and transparent vinyl chloride resin, but acrylic resin has low strength per unit thickness and is a flammable resin, and transparent vinyl chloride resin also has strength per unit thickness. Is small and unsuitable for building materials. Moreover, since the top plate has light transmittance and light diffusibility, it is possible to obtain a load-bearing floor having appropriate daylighting and blinding.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the engagement tool that is fitted into the lattice of the panel material and is attached to the receiving material by a coupling means such as a bolt is not a simple plate shape such as a sheet metal but a block having a predetermined thickness. Due to the shape, the engagement tool is difficult to come off from the grid, and if viewed from above, the grid has a substantially square opening. It becomes simple. Further, since the processing work such as a bending process required in the case of a sheet metal engaging tool is not required, the formability of the engaging tool is improved. If the four side surfaces of the engagement tool that forms the block shape are in contact with the lattice wall surface, the frictional holding force against the panel material is increased, and it can be firmly fixed. In addition, a mechanism for preventing the engagement tool from being detached becomes unnecessary, the number of parts is reduced, and attachment work is facilitated. Further, when the engaging tool is made of resin, the weight of the engaging tool can be reduced, and there is no fear of corrosion such as rust. In addition, if the engagement tool is made of hard natural rubber or synthetic rubber, the shape of the engagement tool changes according to the taper shape when a taper surface is formed on the rib. Therefore, it is not necessary to taper the engagement tool itself to increase the amount, and an engagement tool with good workability can be obtained. Furthermore, if the engagement tool is made of metal, sufficient strength can be obtained even if the thickness is small. Therefore, the engagement tool can be formed into a thin block shape, which can be easily formed and the production cost can be reduced. Of course, depending on the application, a block shape close to the shape of a cube made of metal may be used.

  By adopting the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to improve the seismic resistance, the daylighting property, and the air permeability of the conventional timber-framed construction method of the wooden house, in particular, the house having the atrium space therein. In addition, since a conventional load-bearing wall can be added to the load-bearing floor of the present invention, it is possible to further increase the earthquake resistance, so that the degree of freedom in the construction of the wall of the house (for example, the interior wall in the room can be reduced to create a wide space) However, it is also possible to incorporate a larger space such as a colonnade than before.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a load-bearing floor according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of a load bearing floor 10 having lighting performance. The load-bearing floor 10 shown in the figure is composed of a panel material 12 and a top plate 14. The panel material 12 is made of light-transmitting FRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic (made of synthetic resin)) and has a lattice-shaped rib structure. The top plate 14 is a plate material made of polycarbonate. As shown in FIG. 2, the panel material 12 includes an outer frame 16 and ribs 18 constituting a lattice shape, and through holes 20 are formed in each lattice. Thereby, the panel material 12 which has sufficient intensity | strength and is lightweight can be obtained.

  The load-bearing floor 10 of the embodiment is configured with a simple structure including only the panel material 12 and the top plate 14 (only the panel material 12 may be used), and the operator can use the surface of the rib 18 of the panel material 12 and the bottom surface of the top plate 14. Can be produced by bonding them with an adhesive or the like, so that the assembling work is facilitated. Moreover, since the panel material 12 is lightweight, even if the panel material 12 enlarges, it does not become heavy and an assembly operation becomes easy. The panel material 12 and the top plate 14 can be joined using a fixing means such as a screw. Further, the panel material 12 may have a rib structure having rhomboid through holes, or a rib structure formed in parallel between a plurality of outer frames 16 on one side facing each other. The rib structure provided in a part may be sufficient. Moreover, the top plate 14 may be attached to both surfaces (front and back surfaces) of the panel material 12 depending on the intended use of the panel material 12.

  Since the panel material 12 and the top plate 14 have transparency and light diffusibility, and the visibility from the through hole 20 of the panel material 12 also exhibits a blinding effect due to the light diffusibility of the top plate 14, the load bearing floor 10 as a whole. Appropriate lighting and blinding can be obtained. Therefore, even if the load-bearing floor 10 is used as a ceiling material for a building, wiring on the back of the ceiling is not seen, and the appearance does not deteriorate.

  The light diffusibility of the top plate 14 may be expressed by roughening the surface of the top plate 14, or the light diffusibility may be expressed inside the plate material of the top plate 14. This light diffusibility is defined by a haze value (cloudiness value), and in a measurement method based on JIS K7361-1 (1997), the haze value is preferably 20% to 100%, more preferably 35% to 100%. Here, “haze” generally means “unclear hazy appearance inside or on the surface of a transparent plastic”, and “haze value” refers to the value when irradiated with visible light. It is the ratio of diffuse transmitted light to total transmitted light, and it is recognized that the larger the haze value, the better the light diffusibility.

  In the load-bearing floor 10 of the embodiment, it is preferable that the floor surface side of the top plate 14 is roughened in order to improve blindfolding and provide a function of preventing slipping. This anti-slip performance is evaluated by the slip resistance coefficient (CRS value) of the measurement result of the wet state according to JIS A1454 (1998) according to the test method 6.12. The CRS value of the polycarbonate used for the top plate 14 is preferably 0.4 to 1.0, more preferably 0.6 to 1.0, and still more preferably 0.8 to 1.0. Surface roughing is performed.

  The rough surface processing method of the plate material surface of the top plate 14 may be formed with a mold having an uneven surface at the time of forming, or may be processed after forming a smooth plate material. The roughened surface shape of the surface of the plate material may be sand, spherical, rectangular, or a combination of these asperities. Further, when the surface is scratched by the rough surface processing, the generation of the scratch can be made inconspicuous because the surface is roughened in advance.

  By the way, when the panel member 12 is attached to the building, the peripheral portion of the panel member 12 is placed on a receiving member 24 such as a beam provided on the wall surface 22 of the building as shown in FIG. A block-shaped engagement tool 26 is inserted, and the receiving member 24 and the engagement tool 26 are fixed via a coupling means such as a coach bolt 28. At this time, since the engaging tool 26 is engaged with the friction holding force in the lattice as will be described later, the panel material 12 is effectively attached to the receiving material 24 by fixing the engaging tool 26 to the receiving material 24. Fixed to. Therefore, even if a large number of people come and go, the panel material 12 does not shift, and the end of the panel material 12 does not come off from the engagement tool 26 due to a reaction force when a person gets on. In addition, a mechanism for preventing the engagement tool 26 from coming off becomes unnecessary, the number of parts is reduced, and attachment work is facilitated.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the engaging tool 26.

  Both side surfaces of the through hole 20 of the panel material 12 are formed in a tapered shape in which the lower side gradually narrows in FIG. A block-shaped engagement tool 26 having a predetermined thickness is inserted into the through hole 20. Even when the engaging tool 26 is a rectangular parallelepiped (when it is not a tapered side surface to be described later), the corner of the lower side of the engaging tool 26 is caught by the tapered surface of the through hole 20, so that the engaging tool 26 is a panel. It is possible to prevent the material 12 from coming out downward. On the other hand, when the side surface of the engagement tool 26 is formed in a tapered shape that engages with both side surfaces of the through hole 20, the contact area between the engagement tools 26 increases and the friction holding force of the engagement tool 26 in the lattice is improved. It is possible to further prevent the engagement tool 26 from coming out of the panel material 12 downward.

  A sheet 30 such as rubber is interposed between the panel material 12 and the receiving material 24 as necessary. In FIG. 4, the engaging tool 26 and the sheet 30 are in contact with each other. However, when the engaging tool 26 is inserted into the through hole 20, the lower corner of the engaging tool 26 is engaged with the side surface of the through hole 20. For example, there may be a space between the engagement tool 26 and the seat 30.

  The engagement tool 26 shown in FIG. 5 is formed of a resin material in consideration of weight reduction and prevention of corrosion such as rust. This resin material preferably has moderately strong strength. For example, PA (polyamide), BMC (a kind of FRP, a black resin mainly composed of unsaturated polyester), ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), PC ( Polycarbonate), PP (polypropylene), PS (polystyrene) and the like can be used. If the engaging tool 26 is formed of a transparent resin material, the engaging tool 26 becomes transparent when the panel material 12 made of a transparent material is attached, so that the panel material 12 attached to the receiving material 24 looks good. As this transparent resin material, acrylic, transparent vinyl chloride, transparent PC, transparent PP, or the like can be used. When the engaging tool 26 is formed of a transparent resin material, the panel member 12 can be mounted with better appearance if the coach bolt 28 is also formed of a transparent resin such as PC or PP.

  The engagement tool 26 may be affixed with rubber or the like around it, or the engagement tool 26 itself may be formed of hard natural rubber or synthetic rubber. In this way, the rubber and the grid come into contact with each other, so that the friction retention force in the grid is improved. Further, since the shape of the engagement tool 26 changes in accordance with the taper shape in the lattice, the accuracy of the block size can be low. For this reason, the engaging tool 26 with good workability can be obtained. These rubbers include CR (chloroprene rubber), EPDM (ethylene / propylene / diene terpolymer), NBR (nitrile / butadiene rubber), IIR (butyl rubber), NR (natural rubber), and SBR (styrene / butadiene). Rubber), silicon resin, urethane rubber and the like.

  When the engagement tool 26 is fitted into the through hole 20, if the four side surfaces of the engagement tool 26 are in contact with both side surfaces of the through hole 20, the friction holding force of the engagement tool 26 can be further increased. Moreover, since there is no directionality of the engaging tool 26 when inserting, attachment work becomes easy. In addition, even if all four side surfaces do not contact the side surface of the through-hole 20, the engagement tool 26 should just be a shape which at least 2 opposing side surfaces engage.

  A through-hole 32 through which the coach bolt 28 is inserted is formed in the engaging tool 26 at substantially the center. The coach bolt 28 is inserted here, and screwed into the receiving member 24 shown in FIG. Since the engagement tool 26 has a block shape having a predetermined thickness, a “sink” is likely to occur, in which the surface after molding by the mold is partially recessed. The engagement tool 26 is formed with notches 34 for preventing sink marks at the four corners, which also serves as a weight reduction.

Measuring the strength of the floor of a light-transmitting synthetic resin panel with a plurality of grid-like ribs formed in the vertical and horizontal directions. went.
An in-plane shear test was performed on a horizontal construction surface in which three panel members (size of 3 × 6 plates) were fastened to a frame set of 2P × 3P (width 1820 mm × height 2730 mm) as a framework. The size of the panel material 3 × 6 plate is 1820 mm × 910 mm, the thickness is 30 mm, and the lattice spacing is 30 mm. The material of the panel material is FRP. The rib is tapered, and its shape is 3 mm wide at the narrow side and 7 mm wide at the wide side. The fastening method was fastened with a coach bolt using engagement tools of different shapes and blocks. The material of the engagement tool was made of plastic or metal, and the test object A using a plastic engagement tool was used as test specimen A, and the test specimen B using a metal engagement tool was used. As common specifications, the type of coach bolt (φ8, L = 75 mm), beam material 105 × 105 mm cedar, and hole-downs were used for the stigma and pedestal joints.

  The test method is the allowable stress level design of wooden framed construction method house. According to the test method and evaluation method in Chapter 2, the positive and negative alternating force is applied, and 1/15 rad. In the above, it was carried out as a monotonically increasing load in the positive force direction.

  In the test bodies A and B, displacement of the three panel materials was observed according to the applied force. Moreover, the crack of the beam in the coach bolt part was also seen. With respect to each destructive property, in the test body A, the plastic engaging tool was broken, and penetration of the engaging tool from the panel material was observed. Further, in the test body B, the penetration of the metal engagement tool from the panel material was also observed.

  FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show the load displacement relationship between the test bodies A and B obtained from the test. In addition, as a result of comparison with the engagement tool using the envelope obtained from the load displacement relationship between the test bodies A and B, the metal engagement tool of the test body B is high in terms of rigidity, and the test body A is in terms of deformation capability. It has been found that the plastic engagement tool is expensive. This is considered to be because the screw hole of the plastic engaging tool is deformed in the plastic engaging tool along with the deformation of the coach bolt according to the applied force, but is not deformed in the metal engaging tool.

  FIG. 8 shows the result of calculating the floor magnification value from the above test. The floor magnification is 3.3 times for the specimen A and 3.1 times for the specimen B, and the floor magnification of the structural plywood (thickness 24 mm) having the highest floor magnification in the accuracy method is about 3.0, or It was a load-bearing floor with a higher floor magnification. In addition, the table of FIG. 8 shows each numerical value and floor magnification in the floor magnification calculation.

  According to the present invention, it has a floor magnification equal to or greater than that of a structural plywood having a thickness of 24 mm, and can be made lighter than the structural plywood floor. Further, the structural plywood is opaque, but the load-bearing floor of the present invention has the light transmission property of the panel material itself, the lighting of the lattice portion (light transmission property), and the air permeability.

The principal part perspective view of the load-bearing floor of 1st Embodiment Assembly perspective view of the load-bearing floor shown in FIG. Sectional drawing including a partially broken part of the load-bearing floor shown in FIG. The principal part enlarged view of sectional drawing shown in FIG. The perspective view which showed an example of the engagement tool Graph showing the load-displacement relationship of specimen A Graph showing the load displacement relationship of specimen B Table showing each figure and floor magnification in floor magnification calculation

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Load-bearing floor, 12 ... Panel material, 14 ... Top plate, 16 ... Outer frame, 18 ... Rib, 20 ... Through-hole, 22 ... Wall surface, 24 ... Receiving material, 26 ... Engagement tool, 28 ... Coach bolt, 30 ... sheet, 32 ... through hole, 34 ... notch

Claims (3)

A panel material made of a light-transmitting synthetic resin in which a plurality of grid-like ribs are formed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is provided as a flooring of a building
A load-bearing floor, wherein a block-shaped engagement tool is fitted into a through-hole formed in a lattice of the panel material, and the engagement tool is fixed to a receiving material of a building through a coupling means.   The load-bearing floor according to claim 1, wherein a top plate is attached to the floor material, and the top plate is made of polycarbonate having light transmission properties and light diffusion properties.   The load-bearing floor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the engagement tool is made of resin or metal.

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