JP2010077289A - Method and apparatus for controlling operation of gas purification apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control the lifetime of a catalyst in a chemical product manufacturing process by controlling the operation of a gas purification apparatus based on the concentration of poisoning components in a gasification gas. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus comprises: a raw material composition analyzing means 40 to obtain the poisoning component concentration 41 in a raw material 2 by analyzing the composition of the raw material 2 supplied to a gasification apparatus 5; a gasification operating condition detecting means 42 to detect the operating condition 43 of the gasification apparatus 5; and an outlet composition analyzing means 46 to obtain the poisoning component concentration 47 at an outlet of a gas purification apparatus 6 by analyzing the composition of a gasification gas 3 at the outlet. The poisoning component concentration at an inlet of the gas purification apparatus 6 is predicted from the poisoning component concentration 41 in the raw material and the operating condition 43 of the gasification apparatus 5, performance regulating elements 10a, 10b, 10c of the gas purification apparatus 6 are preliminarily controlled so that the predicted poisoning component concentration is reduced to a set concentration, and the predicted poisoning component concentration is corrected according to the poisoning component concentration 47 at the outlet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention controls the life of a catalyst in a chemical product manufacturing process by controlling the operation of the gas purification device based on the concentration of poisoning components in the gasification gas supplied from the gasification device to the gas purification device. The present invention relates to an operation control method and apparatus for a gas purification apparatus.

  In recent years, due to the problem of oil depletion, chemical product manufacturing processes from resources that do not depend on oil such as coal and biomass, or from petroleum-based unused resources such as oil sand and petro coke, have attracted attention.

As one of the chemical product manufacturing processes, coal and biomass are gasified in a gasifier and, if necessary, gasified gas (mixed of H ₂ and CO) by a gasifier that reforms the gas in a reformer. Research and commercialization of producing various chemical products by supplying the gasified gas to a chemical product manufacturing process equipped with a catalyst is underway.

  For example, FT synthesis (Fischer-Tropsch synthesis), which is one of the liquid fuel processes using gasified gas, is a reaction that mainly synthesizes straight-chain hydrocarbons from gasified gas, without relying on petroleum. Liquid fuel (light oil, kerosene, gasoline) can be generated.

FT synthesis 2nH ₂ + nCO → (—CH ₂ −) + nH ₂ O
_(-CH 2 -): liquid fuel (light oil, kerosene, gasoline, etc.)

  As other chemical product manufacturing processes using gasified gas, various processes such as methanol and DME (dimethyl ether) synthesis, hydrogen production, and ammonia production have been studied and put into practical use.

In the gasified gas produced by the gasifier, a chemical product manufacturing process such as tar content (aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.), sulfur content (H ₂ S, COS, etc.), nitrogen content (NH ₃ , HCN, etc.) Therefore, it is necessary to install a gas refining device for removing these poisoning components before the chemical product manufacturing process.

  In gas purification equipment, poisoning components are removed and reduced to such a concentration (allowable concentration) that the influence on the catalyst can be ignored by adsorption and reaction.

  However, it is conceivable that the concentration and composition of poisoning components in the gasified gas produced vary greatly depending on the operating conditions of the gasifier that produces the gasified gas and the composition of the raw material to be gasified. When the gas purifier is operated under certain operating conditions, the poisoned components cannot be processed completely, and the poisoned components may shift to the subsequent chemical product manufacturing process, leading to unexpected catalyst deterioration. In some cases, the life of the catalyst is significantly shortened. In particular, in recent years, gasification of resources that are rich in impurities and poisonous components such as poor quality coal (inferior coal), biomass, waste, etc. and whose composition is not constant has been studied. Poison components can fluctuate more than expected.

  Therefore, in order to avoid mixing poisonous components into the chemical production process at the subsequent stage, measures such as setting the removal performance of poisonous components in the gas purifier high to increase safety are necessary. Treated water and chemicals for treating gasified gas when poisoning components are low when the poisoning component removal performance by the gas purifier is set to a certain high value in consideration of fluctuations in poisoning components As a result, the running cost increases.

Note that there is Patent Document 1 as prior art information that discloses a technique for controlling the temperature of a process gas flowing into a converter of a sulfuric acid plant.
JP 2002-012413 A

  However, in Patent Document 1, the temperature of the process gas flowing into the catalyst layer of the converter is determined based on the sulfur dioxide concentration and flow rate of the raw material gas containing sulfur dioxide and oxygen supplied to the converter of the sulfuric acid plant. When the concentration of poisoning components in the gasification gas produced by the gasifier varies, the operation of the gas purification device is performed based on the concentration of poisoning components in the gasification gas. There is no disclosure of a technique for controlling the life of the catalyst in the chemical product manufacturing process by controlling the above.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by controlling the operation of the gas purification device based on the concentration of poisoning components in the gasification gas supplied from the gasification device to the gas purification device, An object of the present invention is to provide an operation control method and apparatus for a gas purifier that controls the life of a catalyst in a product manufacturing process.

The present invention supplies gasified gas from the gasifier to a gas purifier when supplying the gasified gas from the gasifier to a chemical product manufacturing process equipped with a catalyst to manufacture a chemical product. An operation control method for a gas purifier that adjusts a performance adjusting unit provided in the gas purifier to reduce the concentration of poisoning components that reduce the activity of the catalyst,
Raw material composition analysis means for analyzing the composition of the raw material supplied to the gasifier and obtaining the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material, gasification operation condition detection means for detecting the operating state of the gasifier, and gas at the gas purifier outlet An outlet composition analyzing means for analyzing the composition of the gasified gas to obtain the outlet poisoning component concentration,
From the raw material poisoning component concentration obtained by the raw material composition analysis means and the operation state of the gasifier detected by the gasification operation condition detection means, the poisoning component concentration at the gas purification device inlet is predicted,
The performance adjustment unit is controlled in advance so that the predicted poisoning component concentration is reduced to a set concentration, and the predicted poisoning component concentration is corrected by the outlet poisoning component concentration obtained by the outlet composition analysis means. The present invention relates to an operation control method for a gas purifier.

  In the operation control method of the above gas purification apparatus, an inlet composition analyzing means is provided for analyzing the composition of the gasified gas at the gas purification apparatus inlet to obtain the inlet poison component concentration, and the inlet poison component obtained by the inlet composition analysis means. It is preferable to correct the predicted poisoning component concentration by the concentration.

  Further, in the operation control method of the gas purification apparatus, the life of the catalyst in the chemical product manufacturing process is evaluated from the concentration of the poisoned component at the outlet obtained by the outlet composition analyzing means, and the target life of the catalyst is determined based on the evaluation value of the life. It is preferable to calculate a life achievement concentration necessary to achieve and set the life achievement concentration as the set concentration.

  In the operation control method for the gas purification apparatus, the chemical product manufacturing process is preferably at least one of a liquid fuel manufacturing apparatus, a methanol manufacturing apparatus, a DME synthesis apparatus, a hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, and an ammonia manufacturing apparatus.

The present invention supplies gasified gas from the gasifier to a gas purifier when supplying the gasified gas from the gasifier to a chemical product manufacturing process equipped with a catalyst to manufacture a chemical product. An operation control device for a gas purification device that adjusts a performance adjusting unit provided in the gas purification device to reduce a concentration of a poisoning component that reduces the activity of the catalyst,
Raw material composition analysis means for analyzing the composition of the raw material supplied to the gasifier and obtaining the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material;
Gasification operation condition detection means for detecting an operation state in the gasifier,
An outlet composition analyzing means for analyzing the composition of the gasification gas at the outlet of the gas purifier and obtaining the concentration of the outlet poisoning component;
An on-line prediction unit for predicting the concentration of poisoning components at the gas purifier inlet from the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material obtained by the raw material composition analysis means and the operating state of the gasifier detected by the gasification operation condition detection means; The predicted poisoning component concentration from the prediction unit is input, an operation variable is set so that the predicted poisoning component concentration is reduced to a set concentration, and the performance adjusting unit is controlled in advance, and obtained by the outlet composition analysis means. And a controller comprising an operation command unit configured to correct the predicted poisoned component concentration based on the outlet poisoned component concentration.

  In the operation control device of the gas purification device, the composition of the gasification gas at the gas purification device inlet is analyzed to obtain an inlet poison component concentration, and the predicted poison component concentration is corrected by the obtained inlet poison component concentration. It is preferable to have an inlet composition analysis means.

  Further, in the operation control device of the gas purification apparatus, the controller includes a life evaluation unit for evaluating the life of the catalyst in the chemical product manufacturing process from the concentration of the exit poison component obtained by the exit composition analysis means, and the life evaluation unit. A life achievement concentration necessary for achieving the target life of the catalyst is calculated from the obtained life evaluation value, and a life achievement concentration calculation unit that inputs the calculated life achievement concentration to the operation command unit as the set concentration It is preferable to have it.

  In the operation control device of the gas purification device, it is preferable that the gas purification device is a tar removing device, and the performance adjusting unit is a feed water pump for supplying cooling water to a spray nozzle of the tar removing device.

  In the operation control apparatus of the gas purification apparatus, it is preferable that the gas purification apparatus is a desulfurization apparatus and the performance adjusting unit is an absorbent supply means for supplying a sulfur absorbent to the desulfurization apparatus.

  In the operation control device of the gas purification device, it is preferable that the gas purification device is a denitration device, and the performance adjusting unit is an ammonia supply pump that supplies ammonia to a catalyst of the denitration device.

  In the operation control device of the gas purification device, it is preferable that the gas purification device is a deammonification device, and the performance adjusting unit is a pump for supplying an ammonia absorbent to the deammonification device.

  In the operation control apparatus of the gas purification apparatus, it is preferable that the gas purification apparatus is a debenzene apparatus, and the performance adjusting unit is a pump that supplies a benzene absorbent to the debenzene apparatus.

  According to the operation control method and apparatus of the gas purification apparatus of the present invention, the gas purification apparatus is based on the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material obtained by the raw material composition analyzing means and the operating state of the gasifier detected by the gasification operating condition detecting means The poisoning component concentration at the entrance is predicted, the performance adjusting unit is controlled in advance so that the predicted poisoning component concentration is reduced to the set concentration, and the predicted poisoning component concentration is obtained from the exit poisoning component concentration obtained by the outlet composition analysis means. Since the poison component concentration was corrected, the poison component in the gasified gas supplied to the chemical product manufacturing process can be maintained at the set concentration with the minimum operation of the gas purification device. There is an effect that the running cost of the apparatus can be minimized.

  In addition, the life of the catalyst in the chemical product manufacturing process is evaluated from the concentration of the exit poison component obtained by the exit composition analysis means, and the life achievement concentration necessary to achieve the target life of the catalyst is determined based on the estimated value of the life. By calculating and controlling the life achievement concentration as the set concentration, there is an effect that the catalyst of the chemical product manufacturing process can be stably operated to the target life.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of an embodiment for carrying out the present invention, wherein 1 is a gasification furnace for producing a gasification gas 3 by gasifying a raw material 2 such as coal or biomass, and 4 is the gasification gas. 3 is a reforming furnace provided as necessary for reforming and gasifying the tar in 3, and the gasification apparatus 5 is constituted by the gasification furnace 1 and the reforming furnace 4.

  The gasified gas 3 produced by the gasifier 5 is supplied to the gas purifier 6, which removes poisonous components that reduce the activity of the catalyst provided in the chemical product manufacturing process described later. Yes. A gas purification device 6 in FIG. 1 includes a tar removal device 7 that removes a tar content in the gasification gas 3, a desulfurization device 8 that removes a sulfur content in the gasification gas 3, and a nitrogen content in the gasification gas 3. 3 shows a case where a denitration device 9 for removing NO, a deammonia device 58 for removing ammonia in the gasification gas 3, and a debenzene device 59 for removing benzene in the gasification gas 3 are shown.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the tar removing device 7 sprays the cooling water 12 from the feed water pump 11 from the spray nozzle 14 provided in the spray tower 13 and brings it into contact with the gasified gas 3. The tar content is removed. Here, since the tar removal performance can be adjusted by adjusting the supply of the cooling water 12 in the tar removal device 7, the water supply pump 11 acts as the performance adjustment unit 10a. In FIG. 2, the tar mixed water 15 in the spray tower 13 is taken out and separated into a tar content 17 and water 18 by a separation device 16, and the water 18 separated by the separation device 16 is one of the cooling water 12. I reuse it as a part.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the desulfurization apparatus 8 is provided with an absorption liquid 21 (sulfur absorbent) in which limestone 19 and air 20 are mixed with water in an absorption tower 23 by an absorption liquid supply pump 22 (absorbent supply means). The case where the sulfur content in the gasification gas 3 is removed by wet desulfurization by spraying from the spray nozzle 24 and bringing it into contact with the gasification gas 3 is shown. Here, in this desulfurization apparatus 8, since desulfurization performance can be adjusted by adjusting supply of the absorption liquid 21, the said absorption liquid supply pump 22 is functioning as the performance adjustment part 10b. In FIG. 3, a part of the absorbing liquid 21 from the absorbing liquid supply pump 22 is taken out and the gypsum is recovered.

Further, FIG. 4 shows another example of the desulfurizer 8, absorbent powder 26, such as stored in the absorbent powder silo 25 calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂₎ and (sulfur absorbent), The sulfur content in the gasification gas 3 is dried by supplying it to the absorption tower 29 by means of an absorption powder conveyance pump 28 (absorbent supply means) adapted to carry air through the measuring device 27 and bringing it into contact with the gasification gas 3. The case of removing by desulfurization is shown. Here, since the desulfurization performance can be adjusted by adjusting the supply of the absorbent powder 26 in the desulfurization apparatus 8, the absorbent powder conveyance pump 28 functions as the performance adjusting unit 10b.

As shown in FIG. 5, the denitration device 9 injects ammonia (NH ₃ ) 34 from an ammonia supply pump 33 into an inlet 32 of the gasification gas 3 in a denitration tower 31 in which a denitration catalyst 30 is loaded. By passing the denitration catalyst 30, the nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the gasification gas 3 is decomposed into nitrogen (H ₂ ) and water (H ₂ O). Here, in this denitration device 9, the denitration performance can be adjusted by adjusting the supply of ammonia 34, so the ammonia supply pump 33 acts as the performance adjustment unit 10c.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the deammonia device 58 supplies water as an ammonia absorbent 58a by a pump 61 to the upper part of a packed tower 60 filled with Raschig rings and the like, and the gasified gas introduced from this water and the lower part. The ammonia in the gasification gas 3 is absorbed and removed. 62 is a mist separator. Here, in the deammonia device 58, the deammonia performance can be adjusted by adjusting the supply of the ammonia absorbent 58a. Therefore, the pump 61 functions as the performance adjustment unit 10d.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the debenzene apparatus 59 supplies an organic solvent such as methylnaphthalene as a benzene absorbent 59a by a pump 63 to the upper part of a packed tower 60 configured in the same manner as in FIG. And the gasified gas 3 introduced from below are brought into contact with each other to absorb and remove benzene in the gasified gas 3. Here, in this debenzene apparatus 59, since the debenzene performance can be adjusted by adjusting the supply of the benzene absorbent 59a, the pump 63 functions as the performance adjusting unit 10e.

  The gasified gas 3 from which poisoning components have been removed by the gas purification apparatus 6 of FIG. 1 is supplied to a chemical product manufacturing process 35 to manufacture a chemical product.

  1 includes a liquid fuel production device 36a, a methanol production device 36b, a DME (dimethyl ether) synthesis device 36c, a hydrogen production device 36d, an ammonia production device 36e, and the like. , 36b, 36c, 36d, and 36e are provided with catalysts 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, and 37e corresponding to the chemical products to be produced, such as liquid fuel, methanol, DME, hydrogen, and ammonia, respectively. In addition, a switching valve 38 is provided in the flow path for guiding the gasified gas 3 from the gas purifier 6 to each of the manufacturing apparatuses 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, and 36e, and the gasified gas 3 from the gas purifier 6 is supplied to the flow path. One type of chemical product is manufactured by guiding it to one manufacturing device, or a plurality of types of chemical products can be manufactured simultaneously by guiding it to a plurality of manufacturing devices. 1 illustrates the case where the manufacturing apparatuses 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, and 36e are provided, the manufacturing apparatus may include only one or a plurality of the above-described manufacturing apparatuses.

  In FIG. 1, 39 is a controller that controls the operation of the gas purification device 6. 40 is a raw material composition analyzing means for analyzing the composition of the raw material 2 supplied to the gasification furnace 1 of the gasifier 5 to obtain the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material, and is obtained by the raw material composition analyzing means 40. The raw material poisoning component concentration 41 is input to the controller 39.

  Reference numeral 42 denotes gasification operation condition detection means for detecting an operation state such as a supply amount of the raw material 2 to the gasification furnace 1, a gasification temperature, a pressure, and the like, obtained by the gasification operation condition detection means 42. The operating state 43 is input to the controller 39. Here, the gasification operation condition detection means 42 may simultaneously detect the operation state such as the reforming temperature and pressure of the reforming furnace 4 and input it to the controller 39.

  44 is an inlet composition analysis means for analyzing the composition of the gasification gas 3 at the inlet of the gas purification device 6 to obtain the inlet poison component concentration. The inlet poison component concentration obtained by the inlet composition analysis means 44 45 is input to the controller 39.

  46 is an outlet composition analyzing means for analyzing the composition of the gasified gas 3 at the outlet of the gas purification device 6 to obtain the outlet poisoning component concentration. The outlet poisoning component concentration obtained by the outlet composition analyzing means 46 47 is input to the controller 39.

  For the raw material composition analyzing means 40, the inlet composition analyzing means 44, and the outlet composition analyzing means 46, a gas chromatograph apparatus such as GC-TCD, GC-FID, or GC-MS, a gas analyzing apparatus using electrodes, or the like is used. Can do.

  Further, in this embodiment, in order to simplify the description, the concentration of poisoning components when the flow rate of the gasification gas 3 is constant will be described. However, the flow rate of the gasification gas 3 varies and is supplied to the gas purification device 6. Since the activity of the catalysts 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, and 37e is affected even when the amount of the poisoning component to be changed fluctuates, gasification is performed in addition to the control based on the concentration of the poisoning component. It is preferable to perform control in consideration of the flow rate of the gas 3.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the controller 39. The controller 39 has an online predicting unit 48, and the online predicting unit 48 includes the raw material cover obtained by the raw material composition analyzing means 40. The poison component concentration 41 and the operation state 43 of the gasifier 5 detected by the gasification operation condition detection means 42 are input, and a predicted poison component concentration 49 predicting the poison component concentration at the inlet of the gas purification device 6 is output. It is like that. At this time, the predicted poisoning component concentration 49 can be corrected by inputting the inlet poisoning component concentration 45 at the inlet of the gas purification device 6 obtained by the inlet composition analyzing means 44 to the online prediction unit 48. .

  Further, the controller 39 has an operation command unit 51 to which the predicted poisoned component concentration 49 from the online prediction unit 48 is input and the set concentration 50 is input. The operation command unit 51 outputs a control signal 52 in which an operation variable is set so that the poisoned component concentration at the outlet of the gas purifier 6 is maintained at the set concentration 50 based on the predicted poisoned component concentration 49. The performance control units 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, and 10e of the gas purification device 6 are controlled in advance by the signal 52. Further, the outlet poisoning component concentration 47 obtained by the outlet composition analyzing means 46 is input to the operation command unit 51 to perform feedback control for correcting the predicted poisoning component concentration 49.

  Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.

  1 and 6, the composition of the raw material 2 such as coal and biomass supplied to the gasification furnace 1 of the gasifier 5 is analyzed by the raw material composition analysis means 40 to obtain the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material. The intermediate poisoning component concentration 41 is input to the online prediction unit 48 of the controller 39, and the operation of the raw material supply amount, gasification temperature, pressure, etc. detected by the gasification operation condition detection means 42 provided in the gasifier 5 is performed. The state 43 is input to the online prediction unit 48. The online prediction unit 48 obtains a predicted poisoning component concentration 49 indicating the poisoning component concentration at the inlet of the gas purification device 6 from the poisoning component concentration 41 in the raw material and the operating state 43.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the concentration of the trace components a, b, c contained in the raw material 2 and the concentration of the trace components a, b, c contained in the gasified gas 3 after gasification Is obtained in advance, the concentration of each poisoning component in the gasification gas 3 can be predicted from the concentration of each poisoning component obtained by analyzing the raw material 2.

  The predicted poisoned component concentration 49 at the outlet of the gas purifier 6 obtained by the online predicting unit 48 is input to the operation command unit 51 to which the set concentration 50 is input, and the operation command unit 51 is as shown in FIG. The control signal 52 in which the operation variable is set so that the poisoned component concentration at the outlet of the gas purifying device 6 is maintained at the set concentration 50 based on the predicted poisoned component concentration 49 is sent to each performance adjusting unit 10a of the gas purifying device 6. , 10b, 10c to control in advance.

  That is, the tar removal device 7 in FIG. 2 sends a control signal 52 to the feed water pump 11 to adjust the tar removal performance. In the desulfurization device 8 in FIG. 3, the control signal 52 is sent to the absorbing liquid supply pump 22 (absorbent supply means). 4 to adjust the desulfurization performance. In the desulfurization apparatus 8 of FIG. 4, the control signal 52 is sent to the absorbent powder conveyance pump 28 (absorbent supply means) to adjust the desulfurization performance. In the denitration apparatus 9 of FIG. The control signal 52 is sent to the pump 33 to adjust the denitration performance, the deammonia device 58 in FIG. 6 sends the control signal 52 to the pump 61 to adjust the deammonia performance, and the debenzene device 59 in FIG. A control signal 52 is sent to adjust the debenzene performance.

  Thereby, even when the type or property of the raw material 2 changes or the concentration of the poisoning component in the gasification gas 3 changes due to the change of the operation state of the gasifier 5, the operation command is issued. Since the unit 51 controls the performance adjusting units 10a, 10b, and 10c in advance based on the predicted poisoned component concentration 49 from the online predicting unit 48, the gasified gas 3 introduced from the gas purifying device 6 to the chemical product manufacturing process 35. The poisoning component concentration of is stably maintained at the set concentration 50.

  Further, since the outlet poisoning component concentration 47 obtained by the outlet composition analyzing means 46 is input to the operation command unit 51 to correct the predicted poisoning component concentration 49, the feedback control controls the gas. The concentration of poisoning components of the gasification gas 3 led from the refining device 6 to the chemical product manufacturing process 35 is kept constant with higher accuracy. In this way, the life of the catalysts 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, and 37e can be extended by keeping the concentration of poisoning components of the gasified gas 3 introduced to the chemical product manufacturing process 35 constant.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing another configuration of the controller. The controller 39 ′ is a catalyst 37a in the chemical product manufacturing process 35 based on the outlet poisoning component concentration 47 obtained by the outlet composition analyzing means 46. , 37b, 37c, 37d, and 37e, a life evaluation unit 53 that evaluates the life due to the decrease in activity, and the life evaluation value 54 obtained by the life evaluation unit 53 and the catalysts 37a, 37b, 37c, A life attainment concentration calculation unit 56 to which the target life 55 of 37d and 37e is input is provided. The life achievement concentration calculating unit 56 calculates a life achievement concentration 57 necessary to achieve the target life 55, and uses the calculated life achievement concentration 57 as a set concentration in place of the set concentration 50 in FIG. It inputs to the part 51.

ｒ：反応速度（ｍｏｌ／ｈ）
ａ_１：初期反応速度（ｍｏｌ／ｈ）
ｋ_ｐ：被毒反応の速度定数 （ｈ／ｍ^３）
ｑ_０：反応開始時の触媒表面の全活性サイト数（Ｈ_２もしくはＣＯ吸着法により測定）（ｍｏｌ）
Ｃ_ｐ：被毒物質濃度（ｍｏｌ／ｍ^３）
ｔ：時間（ｈ）
参考文献：J. M. Smith, Chemical Engineering Kinetics, McGRAW-HILL 1981, p381-383 The decrease in the activity of the catalyst due to the adsorption of poisoning components on the catalyst is mainly represented by the following formula.

r: Reaction rate (mol / h)
a ₁ : Initial reaction rate (mol / h)
k _p : Rate constant of poisoning reaction (h / m ³ )
q ₀ : total number of active sites on the catalyst surface at the start of the reaction (measured by H ₂ or CO adsorption method) (mol)
C _p: poisoning substance concentration (mol ^{/ m} 3)
t: Time (h)
References: JM Smith, Chemical Engineering Kinetics, McGRAW-HILL 1981, p381-383

For example, as a preliminary test, a known substance (poisoned component) contained in the gasification gas 3 is added to the gasification gas 3 by a predetermined concentration (C _p ), and an activity measurement test is performed. By calculating a ₁ and k _p from the activity deterioration behavior, the permissible concentration at the set time by the poisoning component for each substance is calculated. If possible, the impact on all substances should be calculated, but for substances with similar structures, the allowable concentration can be determined by correcting from the approximate expression based on the amount of each substance (heat of adsorption and heat of vaporization). it can.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12 showing the relationship between the poisoning component concentration in the poisoning component A and the poisoning component B and the catalyst life, the activity of the catalyst is drastically lowered when the poisoning component concentration is increased. Therefore, by setting the required target life of the catalyst, it is possible to calculate the life achievement concentration necessary to achieve the target life of the catalyst.

  Accordingly, when the target life 55 is input to the life achievement concentration calculation unit 56 in FIG. 11, the life achievement concentration calculation unit 56 is obtained by the life evaluation unit 53 from the exit poison component concentration 47 obtained by the exit composition analysis means 46. Based on the obtained life evaluation value 54, a life achievement concentration 57 required to achieve the target life 55 is calculated, and the calculated life achievement concentration 57 is set as a set concentration in place of the set concentration 50 in FIG. 51, whereby the concentration of poisoning components at the outlet of the gas purifier 6 is maintained at the life achievement concentration 57, and thus the life of the catalysts 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, and 37e of the chemical product manufacturing process 35 is increased. The target life 55 is controlled.

  As described above, the poisoning components at the inlet of the gas purification device 6 from the poisoning component concentration 41 in the raw material obtained by the raw material composition analysis means 40 and the operating state 43 of the gasification device 5 detected by the gasification operation condition detection means 42. The concentration was predicted, and the performance adjusting units 10a, 10b, and 10c of the gas purification apparatus 6 were controlled in advance so that the predicted poisoned component concentration 49 was reduced to the set concentration 50, and obtained by the outlet composition analysis means 46. Since the predicted poisoning component concentration 49 is corrected by the outlet poisoning component concentration 47, the poisoning in the gasified gas 3 supplied to the chemical product manufacturing process 35 by the minimum operation of the gas purification device 6 is performed. The components can be maintained at the set concentration 50, and therefore the running cost of the gas purification device 6 can be minimized.

  Further, the life of the catalysts 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, and 37e in the chemical product manufacturing process 35 is evaluated from the concentration 47 of the poisoned component obtained by the outlet composition analysis means 46, and the catalyst By calculating a life achievement concentration 57 necessary to achieve the target life 55 and controlling the performance adjusting units 10a, 10b, and 10c using the life achievement concentration 57 as a set concentration, the catalyst 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, and 37e can be stably acted up to the target life 55.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the control based on the poisoning component concentration is described, but the control may be performed based on the supply amount of the poisoning component per unit time in consideration of the flow rate of the gasification gas. Of course, various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

It is a block diagram which shows an example of the form which implements this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of a tar removal apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of a wet desulfurization apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of a dry-type desulfurization apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of a denitration apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of a deammonia device. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of a debenzene apparatus. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the controller in this invention. It is a diagram which shows the relationship between the density | concentration of the trace component contained in a raw material, and the density | concentration of the said trace component contained in gasification gas after gasification. It is a diagram which shows an example of the control signal which controls a performance adjustment part based on prediction poisoning component density | concentration. It is a block diagram which shows the other example of a structure of the controller in this invention. It is a diagram which shows an example of the relationship between poisoning component density | concentration and a catalyst lifetime.

Explanation of symbols

2 Raw material 3 Gasification gas 5 Gasification device 6 Gas purification device 7 Tar removal device 8 Desulfurization device 9 Denitration device 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e Performance adjustment unit 11 Water supply pump (performance adjustment unit 10a)
14 Spray nozzle 21 Absorbing liquid (sulfur absorbent)
22 Absorption liquid supply pump (absorbent supply means) (performance adjusting unit 10b)
26 Absorbent powder (sulfur absorbent)
28 Absorbent Powder Conveyance Pump (Absorbent Supply Unit) (Performance Control Unit 10b)
33 Ammonia supply pump (performance adjusting unit 10c)
34 Ammonia 35 Chemical product production process 36a Liquid fuel production device 36b Methanol production device 36c DME synthesis device 36d Hydrogen production device 36e Ammonia production device 37a, 37b, 37c, 37d, 37e Catalyst 39 Controller 39 'Controller 40 Raw material composition analysis means 41 Concentration of poisoning components in raw material 42 Gasification operation condition detection means 43 Operating state 44 Inlet composition analysis means 45 Inlet poisoning component concentration 46 Outlet composition analysis means 47 Outlet poisoning component concentration 48 Online prediction unit 49 Predicted poisoning component concentration 50 Set concentration 51 Operation command section 53 Life evaluation section 54 Evaluation value 55 Target life 56 Life achievement concentration calculation section 57 Life achievement concentration 58 Deammonizer 59 Debenzene apparatus 61 Pump 62 Pump

Claims (12)

When producing a chemical product by supplying the gasification gas from the gasification device to a chemical product production process equipped with a catalyst, the gasification gas from the gasification device is supplied to the gas purification device, and the gas purification An operation control method for a gas purifier that adjusts a performance adjustment unit provided in the apparatus to reduce the concentration of poisoning components that reduce the activity of the catalyst,
Raw material composition analysis means for analyzing the composition of the raw material supplied to the gasifier and obtaining the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material, gasification operation condition detection means for detecting the operating state of the gasifier, and gas at the gas purifier outlet An outlet composition analyzing means for analyzing the composition of the gasified gas to obtain the outlet poisoning component concentration,
From the raw material poisoning component concentration obtained by the raw material composition analysis means and the operation state of the gasifier detected by the gasification operation condition detection means, the poisoning component concentration at the gas purification device inlet is predicted,
The performance adjustment unit is controlled in advance so that the predicted poisoning component concentration is reduced to a set concentration, and the predicted poisoning component concentration is corrected by the outlet poisoning component concentration obtained by the outlet composition analysis means. The operation control method of the gas purification apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   An inlet composition analysis means is provided for analyzing the composition of the gasification gas at the inlet of the gas purification device to obtain the inlet poison component concentration, and the predicted poison component concentration is corrected by the inlet poison component concentration obtained by the inlet composition analysis means. The operation control method of the gas purification apparatus according to claim 1.   The life of the catalyst in the chemical product manufacturing process is evaluated from the concentration of the exit poison component obtained by the outlet composition analysis means, and the life achievement concentration necessary to achieve the target life of the catalyst is calculated based on the evaluation value of the life. The operation control method for a gas purifier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the life achievement concentration is the set concentration.   The operation of the gas purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the chemical product production process is at least one of a liquid fuel production apparatus, a methanol production apparatus, a DME synthesis apparatus, a hydrogen production apparatus, and an ammonia production apparatus. Control method. When producing a chemical product by supplying the gasification gas from the gasification device to a chemical product production process equipped with a catalyst, the gasification gas from the gasification device is supplied to the gas purification device, and the gas purification An operation control device for a gas purification device that adjusts a performance adjusting unit provided in the device to reduce the concentration of poisoning components that reduce the activity of the catalyst,
Raw material composition analysis means for analyzing the composition of the raw material supplied to the gasifier and obtaining the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material;
Gasification operation condition detection means for detecting an operation state in the gasifier,
An outlet composition analyzing means for analyzing the composition of the gasification gas at the outlet of the gas purifier and obtaining the concentration of the outlet poisoning component;
An on-line prediction unit for predicting the concentration of poisoning components at the gas purifier inlet from the concentration of poisoning components in the raw material obtained by the raw material composition analysis means and the operating state of the gasifier detected by the gasification operation condition detection means; The predicted poisoning component concentration from the prediction unit is input, an operation variable is set so that the predicted poisoning component concentration is reduced to a set concentration, and the performance adjusting unit is controlled in advance, and obtained by the outlet composition analysis means. And a controller comprising an operation command unit configured to correct the predicted poisoning component concentration based on the outlet poisoning component concentration.   6. The apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising an inlet composition analysis means for analyzing the composition of the gasification gas at the gas purification apparatus inlet to obtain an inlet poison component concentration and correcting the predicted poison component concentration based on the obtained inlet poison component concentration. The operation control apparatus of the gas purification apparatus as described.   The controller includes a life evaluation unit that evaluates the life of the catalyst in the chemical product manufacturing process from the concentration of the exit poison component obtained by the exit composition analysis means, and a target life of the catalyst from the life evaluation value obtained by the life evaluation unit. A gas purifying apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, further comprising: a life achievement concentration calculating unit that calculates a life achievement concentration necessary to achieve the above and inputs the calculated life achievement concentration to the operation command unit as the set concentration. Operation control device.   The gas purification device operation control device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the gas purification device is a tar removal device, and the performance adjusting unit is a water supply pump that supplies cooling water to a spray nozzle of the tar removal device. .   The operation control device of the gas purification device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the gas purification device is a desulfurization device, and the performance adjusting unit is an absorbent supply means for supplying a sulfur absorbent to the desulfurization device.   The operation control apparatus of the gas purification apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the gas purification apparatus is a denitration apparatus, and the performance adjusting unit is an ammonia supply pump that supplies ammonia to a catalyst of the denitration apparatus.   The operation control device of the gas purification device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the gas purification device is a deammonia device, and the performance adjusting unit is a pump for supplying an ammonia absorbent to the deammonia device.   The operation control device of the gas purification device according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the gas purification device is a debenzene device, and the performance adjusting unit is a pump that supplies a benzene absorbent to the debenzene device.

Images