JP2010077394A - 廃棄物質を熱処理する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
廃棄物質を熱処理する方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
- C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
- F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
- C10J2300/1606—Combustion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1671—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity
- C10J2300/1675—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with the production of electricity making use of a steam turbine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1687—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with steam generation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】合成ガスを、非冷却及び非清浄化状態にて高温度反応炉1から除去し、且つその後、酸化する。これにより形成される廃ガスの熱エネルギは熱的に更に使用される。
【選択図】図1
Description
● 約1000℃の高温度反応炉のガス出口におけるガス相の温度は、全体として800℃以下である廃棄物焼却炉プラントの排ガス温度よりも著しく高く、このため、ガス相の比熱エネルギは、実質的に大きい。
● 均質な合成ガスの燃焼は、僅かに化学量論値以上にて実行される一方、従来の廃棄物焼却プラントは、極めて異質の廃棄物を可能な限り完全に焼却することができるようにするため、実質的に大きい余剰空気量にて運転しなければならない。このため、廃棄物焼却プラントの比排ガス量(Nm3/t)は、本発明の比廃ガス量を実質的に上回る。これに対応して、ガス清浄化の必要な構成要素はより小型の設計としなければならない。
● 更に、異質な廃棄物を焼却させる間、特定の汚染物の装荷量は、均質な合成ガスが燃焼する間の特定の汚染物の装荷量よりも実質的に多い。
● 冷水を噴霧することによるガス相の衝撃冷却及びこの目的のために必要とされるすべての装置は不要となる。
● プロセス水の処理及びこの目的のために必要とされるすべての装置は、不要となる。
● 清浄化したプロセス水の蒸発は不要となる。
● 塩基性及び酸性の洗浄剤、COS触媒変換器、硫黄の洗浄剤等を含む、合成ガスの清浄化は同様に不要となる。
− 蒸気ボイラー/蒸気タービン:1.1MW(=2.8%)、
− ガスタービン:2.2MW(=5.6%)、
− ガスエンジン:3.1MW(=7.9%)。
Claims (13)
- あらゆるタイプの廃棄物を熱処理する方法において、
前記廃棄物に対し、1000℃以上の温度にて酸素及び(又は)酸素付与した空気により高温度処理が行われ、
有機性廃棄物成分は、ガス化され、
無機性廃棄物成分は、溶融され、
非冷却で非清浄化の合成ガスは酸化され、
これにより得られた廃ガスは熱的に使用されることを特徴とする、廃棄物を熱処理する方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
前記高温度処理は高温度反応炉にて実行されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項2に記載の方法において、
非冷却で非清浄化の合成ガスは、前記高温度反応器から排出され、且つ、少なくとも1つの別個の燃焼室内にて酸化されることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1から3の何れか1つの項に記載の方法において、
熱エネルギは、蒸気を生成するため廃熱ボイラー内にて使用されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項4に記載の方法において、
得られた蒸気は、電流を得るため使用されることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項4に記載の方法において、
蒸気は、例えば、長距離熱のような、熱キャリアとして使用されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項4から6の何れか1つの項に記載の方法において、
前記廃熱ボイラー内にて冷却された廃ガスに対して清浄化が行われることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項2から7の何れか1つの項に記載の方法において、
前記高温度反応炉から排出された熱エネルギは、前記廃熱ボイラー内にてエネルギとして更に使用されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項2から8の何れか1つの項に記載の方法において、
前記高温度反応炉から除去された非冷却で非清浄化の合成ガスの部分的流れに対し、衝撃冷却(急冷)が行われ、その後、該部分的流れは清浄化されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項9に記載の方法において、
このようにして得られた清浄な合成ガスは、廃棄物の前記熱処理のため再利用されることを特徴とする、方法。 - あらゆるタイプの廃棄物を熱処理する装置において、
少なくとも1つの低温度段と、少なくとも1つの高温度段とを備え、
前記低温度段は、高温度反応炉(1)内へ、そして、当該高温度反応炉(1)のガス出口に接続された少なくとも1つの燃焼室(10)と、少なくとも1段の後続の廃熱ボイラー(12)の少なくとも1つとに連続的に排出する水平な通路(2)の形態にて構成される、廃棄物を熱処理する装置。 - 請求項11に記載の装置において、
前記廃熱ボイラー(12)は、少なくとも1つの蒸気タービン(13)及び後続の発電装置(G)に接続されることを特徴とする、装置。 - 請求項11又は12に記載の装置において、
前記高温度反応炉(1)の前記ガス出口と前記燃焼室(10)との間に、ガス枝管が設けられ、
前記ガス枝管は、後続の衝撃冷却(急冷)及びガス清浄化システムに接続されることを特徴とする、装置。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| EP08013434.9A EP2148135B1 (de) | 2008-07-25 | 2008-07-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfallgütern |
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| US (1) | US20100064687A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2148135B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2010077394A (ja) |
| CH (1) | CH697876B1 (ja) |
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| JP2006284106A (ja) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-19 | Jfe Engineering Kk | ガス化溶融炉を用いた高効率発電方法及び装置 |
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| US4624684A (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1986-11-25 | Texaco Inc. | Process for feeding and gasifying solid carbonaceous fuel |
| US4906447A (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1990-03-06 | Schwarzenbek Eugene F | Synthetic ammonia process |
| FI80781C (fi) * | 1988-02-29 | 1991-11-06 | Ahlstroem Oy | Saett foer aotervinning av vaerme ur heta processgaser. |
| US5042730A (en) * | 1990-05-17 | 1991-08-27 | Hundt Vincent G | Multi-purpose rotating disc shredding device |
| DE4308551A1 (de) | 1993-03-17 | 1994-01-05 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Entsorgen von Abfall |
| FR2704047B1 (fr) * | 1993-04-16 | 1995-07-13 | Electricite De France | Dispositif de traitement et de vitrification de déchets. |
| UA41263C2 (uk) | 1993-06-18 | 2001-09-17 | Термоселект АГ | Пристрій для первинної обробки , перетворення , остаточної переробки відходів будь-якого виду та спосіб знищення і утилізації відходів будь-якого виду |
| DE4325689B4 (de) * | 1993-07-30 | 2004-01-29 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zur Müllverarbeitung |
| DE4327320C2 (de) | 1993-08-13 | 2003-11-06 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zur thermischen Entsorgung von Abfall |
| US5527147A (en) * | 1994-10-31 | 1996-06-18 | Altamont, Inc. | Waste handling method and apparatus for transferring waste from collection vehicles to transfer trailers |
| DE19937188C1 (de) | 1999-08-06 | 2000-12-14 | Thermoselect Ag Vaduz | Verfahren zur Verwertung von Gasen aus dem Absetzbecken |
| JP3961795B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-22 | 2007-08-22 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 可燃性廃棄物の燃焼処理方法およびその装置 |
| US6694900B2 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2004-02-24 | General Electric Company | Integration of direct combustion with gasification for reduction of NOx emissions |
| KR100637340B1 (ko) * | 2004-04-09 | 2006-10-23 | 김현영 | 고온 개질기 |
| US7658155B2 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2010-02-09 | Advanced Plasma Power Limited | Waste treatment process and apparatus |
| US7665291B2 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2010-02-23 | General Electric Company | Method and system for heat recovery from dirty gaseous fuel in gasification power plants |
-
2008
- 2008-07-25 EP EP08013434.9A patent/EP2148135B1/de active Active
- 2008-07-25 PT PT80134349T patent/PT2148135E/pt unknown
- 2008-07-25 DK DK08013434.9T patent/DK2148135T3/da active
- 2008-07-30 CH CH01197/08A patent/CH697876B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-07-07 JP JP2009160418A patent/JP2010077394A/ja active Pending
- 2009-07-14 US US12/502,323 patent/US20100064687A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0679252A (ja) * | 1991-09-10 | 1994-03-22 | Thermoselect Ag | 有用な廃棄物処理生成物を与える方法 |
| JPH11270824A (ja) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-10-05 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 廃棄物処理方法および廃棄物処理設備 |
| JP2006194516A (ja) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-27 | Jfe Engineering Kk | 廃棄物ガス化溶融炉の二次燃焼制御装置 |
| JP2006284106A (ja) * | 2005-04-01 | 2006-10-19 | Jfe Engineering Kk | ガス化溶融炉を用いた高効率発電方法及び装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH697876B1 (de) | 2009-03-13 |
| DK2148135T3 (da) | 2013-07-29 |
| EP2148135B1 (de) | 2013-05-01 |
| PT2148135E (pt) | 2013-07-30 |
| US20100064687A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
| EP2148135A1 (de) | 2010-01-27 |
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