JP2017190927A - Condenser, and turbo refrigerator equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

In a turbo refrigeration apparatus using a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG, non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant can be effectively extracted at a high concentration, and a decrease in condensation efficiency is suppressed. A condenser 3 includes a shell container 21 into which a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG is introduced, a refrigerant inlet 22 provided in an upper part of the shell container 21, and a lower part of the shell container 21. The refrigerant outlet 23 provided and a large number of heat transfer tubes 25a through which the coolant flows are bundled, and the heat transfer tube bundle 25 extending inside the shell container 21 is disposed in the bundle radial direction central region of the heat transfer tube bundle 25. In addition, the heat transfer tube bundle 25 is formed in a tube parallel to the axial direction of the heat transfer tube bundle 25, and the lower surface thereof is formed with a non-condensable gas extraction hole 31a for extracting non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant. A trachea 31 and a bleeder 33 that is connected to the bleeder pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle and bleeds non-condensable gas are provided. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a condenser for vaporizing a low-pressure refrigerant and a turbo refrigeration apparatus including the same.

  For example, a turbo refrigeration system used as a heat source for district heating and cooling is, as is well known, a turbo compressor that compresses refrigerant, a condenser that condenses the compressed refrigerant, and an expansion valve that expands the condensed refrigerant. And an evaporator for evaporating the expanded refrigerant.

  The condenser generally includes a cylindrical shell-shaped shell container extending in the horizontal direction, and a heat transfer tube bundle is disposed so as to penetrate the shell container in the longitudinal axis direction. The heat transfer tube bundle is made up of a large number of heat transfer tubes that circulate a coolant such as water inside with a narrow space, and is laid out so as to pass through the inside of the shell container in the horizontal direction and in the longitudinal axis direction. Has been.

  The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas compressed by the turbo compressor flows into the inside from the refrigerant inlet provided in the upper part of the shell container, and is cooled and condensed by touching the heat transfer tube bundle with a large surface area and exchanging heat. Then, the refrigerant liquid is fed to the evaporator side from the refrigerant outlet provided in the lower part of the shell container.

  Low-pressure refrigerants such as R1233zd used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG are expected as next-generation refrigerants because they can increase the efficiency of turbo refrigeration equipment and have a low global warming potential. However, due to the characteristics of this low-pressure refrigerant, when the suction force of the turbo compressor acts, the inside of the refrigerant path may partially become negative pressure, and external noncondensable gas (air Etc.) may be mixed in the refrigerant path. Thus, the non-condensable gas mixed in the refrigerant path stays in the condenser, lowers the condensation efficiency, and impairs the performance as a cooling device.

  Therefore, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a condenser in which a non-condensable gas staying in the condenser is separated and removed from the refrigerant gas by an extraction device. As the separation method, the non-condensable gas is extracted together with the refrigerant gas by the extraction device, and this is cooled inside the extraction device to condense the refrigerant gas, thereby separating only the non-condensable gas. Since non-condensable gas such as air has a specific gravity smaller than that of the refrigerant and tends to be distributed in the upper part of the condenser, in the conventional bleeder, from the bleed port provided at the uppermost part of the shell container, The non-condensable gas distributed inside and above was extracted.

JP-A-2-254271

  As described above, the non-condensable gas has a specific gravity smaller than that of the refrigerant, and therefore tends to be distributed in the upper space of the condenser when the operation of the turbo refrigeration apparatus is stopped. Therefore, when the operation is stopped, the non-condensable gas can be efficiently extracted from the extraction port provided in the upper part of the shell container as in the conventional case.

  However, during the operation of the turbo refrigeration system, the compressed refrigerant compressed by the turbo compressor is blown down into the shell container from the refrigerant inlet provided at the upper part of the shell container. Under the influence, the non-condensable gas is distributed more in the heat transfer tube bundle in which the compressed refrigerant is condensed and liquefied than in the upper space of the shell container.

  For this reason, the density | concentration of the non-condensable gas of shell container upper space at the time of operation | movement of a turbo refrigeration apparatus becomes low compared with the density | concentration inside a heat exchanger tube bundle. Therefore, extracting the non-condensable gas from the upper space of the shell container during operation results in extracting the non-condensable gas as well as the high-purity refrigerant gas, and the non-condensable gas can be extracted efficiently. In addition, there is a concern that the condensation efficiency is reduced due to the loss of the refrigerant gas.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. In a turbo refrigeration apparatus using a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG, the non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant is effective at a high concentration. It is an object of the present invention to provide a condenser that can extract air and suppress a decrease in condensation efficiency, and a turbo refrigeration apparatus including the condenser.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
The condenser according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a shell container into which a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG is introduced, a refrigerant inlet provided at an upper part of the shell container, and a lower part of the shell container. A refrigerant outlet provided and a large number of heat transfer tubes through which the coolant flows are bundled, and are arranged in a heat transfer tube bundle extending inside the shell container, and a bundle radial direction central region of the heat transfer tube bundle. The heat transfer tube bundle is formed in a tube parallel to the axial direction of the heat transfer tube bundle, and the lower surface thereof has a non-condensable gas extraction hole for extracting non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant, And a bleeder connected to a bleed pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle and bleed-out the non-condensable gas.

  According to the condenser of this configuration, the extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle is arranged inside the heat transfer tube bundle in which the most non-condensable gas is distributed and becomes high concentration when the turbo refrigeration apparatus is operated. By operating, the non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant can be extracted efficiently at a high concentration. Thereby, the fall of the condensation efficiency by mixing of noncondensable gas can be suppressed.

  Refrigerant gas containing non-condensable gas is extracted from the non-condensable gas extraction holes into the extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle, but the non-condensation gas extraction holes are condensed on the lower surface of the extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle. The liquid refrigerant is less likely to flow into the non-condensable gas extraction holes. For this reason, the fall of the condensing efficiency by extracting the condensed liquid refrigerant can be suppressed.

  The condenser having the above configuration further includes an extraction pipe outside the heat transfer tube bundle, which is disposed in the upper space in the shell container, has the non-condensable gas extraction holes formed in the lower surface thereof, and is connected to the extraction device. The extraction device may extract the non-condensable gas independently from the extraction tube in the heat transfer tube bundle and the extraction tube outside the heat transfer tube bundle.

  According to the condenser of this configuration, the extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle is arranged inside the heat transfer tube bundle in which the most non-condensable gas is distributed during the operation of the turbo refrigeration apparatus, and when the turbo refrigeration apparatus is stopped. The extraction pipe outside the heat transfer tube bundle is arranged in the upper space in the shell container in which the most non-condensable gas is distributed. The bleeder can bleed the non-condensed gas independently from the bleed pipe inside the heat transfer pipe bundle and the bleed pipe outside the heat transfer pipe bundle.

  For this reason, when the operation of the turbo refrigeration apparatus is stopped, the extraction is performed from the extraction pipe outside the heat transfer tube bundle located in the upper space in the shell container, and when the turbo refrigeration apparatus is operated, the extraction pipe inside the heat transfer tube bundle is located inside the heat transfer tube bundle. In this way, the non-condensable gas is always effectively extracted at a high concentration regardless of the operation state of the turbo refrigeration apparatus, and the reduction of the condensation efficiency due to the mixing of the non-condensable gas can be suppressed. Of course, you may extract simultaneously from both the extraction pipe in a heat exchanger tube bundle, and the extraction pipe outside a heat exchanger tube bundle.

  In the condenser having the above-described configuration, the shell container has a cylindrical shape extending in a horizontal direction, and the heat transfer tube bundle includes an outward tube bundle extending from one end to the other end in the longitudinal axis inside the shell container; A return pipe bundle communicating with the forward pipe bundle at the other longitudinal end in the shell container and returning from the other longitudinal end to the one end in the shell container, and the forward pipe bundle inside the shell container. The return pipe bundle may be arranged on the lower side, and the extraction pipe bundle extraction pipe may be arranged in the bundle radial direction center region of the return pipe bundle.

  In this configuration, the extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle is arranged inside the return tube bundle that is located above the forward tube bundle and is downstream of the forward tube bundle and has a small amount of condensation of the gas refrigerant. For this reason, the probability that the extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle is immersed in the liquid refrigerant is reduced, and the liquid refrigerant is prevented from being extracted from the non-condensable gas extraction holes into the extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle, A decrease in condensation efficiency due to extraction of the liquid refrigerant can be suppressed.

  The turbo refrigeration apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention is a turbo compressor that compresses a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG, and condenses the compressed low-pressure refrigerant. And the expansion valve that expands the condensed low-pressure refrigerant, and the evaporator that evaporates the expanded low-pressure refrigerant. Thereby, each said effect | action and effect can be show | played.

  As described above, according to the condenser according to the present invention and the turbo refrigeration apparatus including the condenser, in the turbo refrigeration apparatus using the low-pressure refrigerant used at the maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG, the non-condensation mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant. The gas can be extracted efficiently at a high concentration, and a decrease in condensation efficiency can be suppressed.

1 is an overall view of a turbo refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective perspective view of the condenser shown in FIG. 1, and is a figure which shows one Embodiment of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a turbo refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The turbo refrigeration apparatus 1 includes a turbo compressor 2 that compresses refrigerant, a condenser 3, a high-pressure expansion valve 4, an intermediate cooler 5, a low-pressure expansion valve 6, an evaporator 7, and a lubricating oil tank 8. The circuit box 9, the inverter unit 10, the operation panel 11 and the like are provided in a unit shape. The lubricating oil tank 8 is a tank that stores lubricating oil to be supplied to the bearings, the speed increaser, and the like of the turbo compressor 2.

  The condenser 3 and the evaporator 7 are formed in a cylindrical shell shape with high pressure resistance, and are arranged in parallel so as to be adjacent to each other with their axes extending in a substantially horizontal direction. The condenser 3 is disposed at a relatively higher position than the evaporator 7, and a circuit box 9 is installed below the condenser 3. The intercooler 5 and the lubricating oil tank 8 are installed between the condenser 3 and the evaporator 7. The inverter unit 10 is installed on the top of the condenser 3, and the operation panel 11 is arranged above the evaporator 7.

  The turbo compressor 2 is of a known centrifugal turbine type that is rotationally driven by an electric motor 13, and is disposed above the evaporator 7 in a posture in which the axis thereof extends in a substantially horizontal direction. The electric motor 13 is driven by the inverter unit 10. As will be described later, the turbo compressor 2 compresses the gas-phase refrigerant supplied from the evaporator 7 via the suction pipe 14. As the refrigerant, for example, a low-pressure refrigerant such as R1233zd used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG is used.

  The discharge port 15 connects the discharge port of the turbo compressor 2 and the refrigerant inlet 22 provided at the top of the condenser 3, and the refrigerant outlet 23 provided at the bottom of the condenser 3 and the bottom of the intercooler 5. Are connected by a refrigerant pipe 16. Further, the bottom of the intermediate cooler 5 and the evaporator 7 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 17, and the upper part of the intermediate cooler 5 and the middle stage of the turbo compressor 2 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 18. The refrigerant pipe 16 is provided with the high-pressure expansion valve 4, and the refrigerant pipe 17 is provided with the low-pressure expansion valve 6.

  In the turbo refrigeration apparatus 1 configured as described above, the turbo compressor 2 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 13, compresses the gas-phase low-pressure refrigerant supplied from the evaporator 7 through the suction pipe 14, and is compressed. The low-pressure refrigerant is fed from the discharge pipe 15 to the condenser 3.

  Inside the condenser 3, the high-temperature low-pressure refrigerant compressed by the turbo compressor 2 is heat-exchanged with a coolant such as water, thereby cooling the condensation heat and condensing it. The coolant heated here is used as a heating medium or the like for heating. The low-pressure refrigerant that has become a liquid phase in the condenser 3 expands by passing through the high-pressure expansion valve 4 provided in the refrigerant pipe 16 that extends from the condenser 3, and becomes a gas-liquid mixed state. 5 and is temporarily stored here.

  Inside the intercooler 5, the gas-liquid mixed low-pressure refrigerant expanded by the high-pressure expansion valve 4 is separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase. The liquid phase component of the low-pressure refrigerant separated here is further expanded by a low-pressure expansion valve 6 provided in the refrigerant pipe 17 extending from the bottom of the intermediate cooler 5 to become a gas-liquid two-phase flow, and the evaporator 7. To be sent to. Further, the gas phase component of the low-pressure refrigerant separated by the intermediate cooler 5 is fed to the middle stage of the turbo compressor 2 via the refrigerant pipe 18 extending from the upper part of the intermediate cooler 5 and is compressed again.

  Inside the evaporator 7, the low-temperature liquid refrigerant after adiabatic expansion in the low-pressure expansion valve 6 is heat-exchanged with a liquid to be cooled such as water, and the liquid to be cooled here is a cooling medium for air conditioning or industrial use. Used as a coolant. The refrigerant evaporated by heat exchange with the liquid to be cooled is again sucked into the turbo compressor 2 through the suction pipe 14 and compressed, and this cycle is repeated thereafter.

FIG. 2 is a perspective perspective view of the condenser 3 showing an embodiment of the present invention.
The condenser 3 has a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction as described above, and is provided on a shell container 21 into which a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG is introduced, and an upper part of the shell container 21. The refrigerant inlet 22, the refrigerant outlet 23 provided at the lower part of the shell container 21, the heat transfer tube bundle 25 extending horizontally along the longitudinal axis direction inside the shell container 21, and the main part of the present invention. And a bleed system 30.

  The refrigerant inlet 22 and the refrigerant outlet 23 are respectively arranged in the middle portion in the longitudinal axis direction of the shell container 21. As shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerant inlet 22 is connected to the outlet of the turbo compressor 2 via the discharge pipe 15, and the refrigerant outlet 23 is connected to the intermediate cooler 5 via the refrigerant pipe 16.

  The heat transfer tube bundle 25 includes a forward tube bundle 25A extending horizontally from one longitudinal end (left end in FIG. 2) to the other end (right end in FIG. 2) inside the shell container 21 and the other longitudinal end in the shell container 21. , A return pipe bundle 25B that communicates with the forward pipe bundle 25A and returns horizontally from the other end in the longitudinal axis inside the shell container 21 to one end. Each of the outward tube bundle 25A and the return tube bundle 25B is a known tube bundle structure in which a large number of heat transfer tubes 25a through which a coolant such as water is circulated are inserted and bundled through a plurality of porous heat transfer tube support plates (not shown). It is what has.

  In the shell container 21, the forward tube bundle 25 </ b> A is disposed below and the return tube bundle 25 </ b> B is disposed above. A U-turn chamber (not shown) is provided at the other end (right end in FIG. 2) of the shell container 21, and the end portions of the outward tube bundle 25A and the return tube bundle 25B are connected to each other by being connected to the U-turn chamber. . Further, one end (left end in FIG. 2) of the shell container 21 is connected to one end of the return pipe bundle 25B, which is positioned above the cooling water inlet and a nozzle-like cooling water inlet (not shown) connected to one end of the forward pipe bundle 25A. A nozzle-shaped cooling water outlet (not shown) is provided.

  After the coolant flowing into the heat transfer tube bundle 25 flows from one end (left end in FIG. 2) of the forward tube bundle 25A from the cooling water inlet and flows to the other end (right end in FIG. 2), after making a U-turn in the U-turn chamber The return pipe bundle 25B flows from the other end (right end in FIG. 2) to one end (left end in FIG. 2), and is discharged through the cooling water outlet. On the other hand, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the turbo compressor 2 enters the shell container 21 from the refrigerant inlet 22 and is dispersed in the longitudinal axis direction of the shell container 21 by the distribution plate 27, and the return pipe bundle 25B → the forward pipe bundle. By contacting in the order of 25A, heat is exchanged and condensed to become liquid refrigerant and discharged from the refrigerant outlet 23.

  The extraction system 30 that is a main part of the present invention is a system that extracts non-condensable gas such as air that is likely to be mixed into a low-pressure refrigerant, and includes an extraction tube 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle, an extraction tube 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle, A device 33 and gate valves 34 and 35 are provided.

  The bleed pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is disposed in the center area in the bundle radial direction of the return pipe bundle 25B in the heat transfer pipe bundle 25, and has a horizontal tubular shape parallel to the axial direction of the return pipe bundle 25B. Hole-shaped non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a are formed. The length of the bleed pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is, for example, the length over the substantially entire length of the return pipe bundle 25B, but may be shorter. A non-condensable gas discharge pipe 37 extending upward is connected to one end or an intermediate portion of the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer pipe bundle. In the present embodiment, one end of the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is bent or bent upward to be used as the non-condensable gas discharge pipe 37 as it is. The other end of the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is closed. The non-condensable gas discharge pipe 37 penetrates the peripheral surface of the shell container 21 upward, and is connected to a non-condensable gas collecting pipe 40 extending from the bleeder 33 via a gate valve 34.

  The tube diameter of the extraction tube 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is, for example, about 15 mm to 20 mm. The non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a are formed, for example, at intervals of about 20 cm along the axial direction, and the hole diameter is, for example, about 5 to 10 mm. If the diameter of the non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a is too small, the liquid refrigerant may be sealed by the surface tension of the liquid refrigerant when immersed in the liquid refrigerant. On the other hand, when the hole diameter is too large, the liquid refrigerant easily flows into the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle from the non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a. The hole shape of the non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a may not necessarily be a round hole shape, for example, a square hole shape, or a long hole shape inclined with respect to the axial direction of the extraction tube 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle, or a heat transfer tube bundle. It is also conceivable to form a slit or the like along the axial direction of the inner bleed pipe 31.

  Further, the diameter of the non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a may be sequentially increased from the outlet side (non-condensable gas discharge pipe 37 side) to the inlet side (tip side) of the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle. In this way, by reducing the hole diameter on the outlet side where the suction force is strong (small pressure loss) and increasing the hole diameter on the inlet side where the suction force is weak (large pressure loss), Non-condensable gas can be extracted uniformly over the entire length.

  On the other hand, the bleed pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle is a tubular member that is disposed above the upper space in the shell container 21, that is, above the forward pipe bundle 25 </ b> A and extends horizontally along the longitudinal axis direction of the shell container 21. The tube diameter of the extraction tube 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle is, for example, the same diameter as the extraction tube 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle, and the lower surface thereof has the same noncondensable gas as the noncondensable gas extraction hole 31a of the extraction tube 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle. A bleed hole 32a is formed. A non-condensable gas discharge pipe 38 extending upward is also connected to the extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer pipe bundle. The non-condensable gas discharge pipe 38 penetrates the peripheral surface of the shell container 21 upward and is connected to a non-condensable gas collecting pipe 40 extending from the extraction device 33 via a gate valve 35.

  The extraction device 33 extracts a non-condensable gas such as air mixed in the refrigerant in the shell container 21 together with a part of the refrigerant gas, and cools it to condense and liquefy only the refrigerant gas to be non-condensable. It is a well-known thing comprised so that it may isolate | separate from gas. When the bleeder 33 is activated, a predetermined negative pressure is applied to the bleed pipe 31 inside the heat transfer pipe bundle and the bleed pipe 32 outside the heat transfer pipe bundle via the non-condensable gas collecting pipe 40 and the non-condensable gas discharge pipes 37 and 38. The noncondensable gas mixed in the refrigerant in the shell container 21 is partially refrigerant from the noncondensable gas extraction holes 31a, 32a formed in the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle and the extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle. It is extracted with gas.

  As described above, the non-condensable gas discharge pipe 37 extending from the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer pipe bundle and the non-condensation gas discharge pipe 38 extending from the extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer pipe bundle are extracted through the partition valves 34 and 35, respectively. The non-condensable gas collecting pipe 40 extending from the device 33 is connected. The extraction device 33 can extract the non-condensable gas independently from the extraction tube 31 inside the heat transfer tube bundle and the extraction tube 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle by opening the gate valve 34 or the gate valve 35. Further, by opening both the gate valves 34 and 35, it is possible to extract non-condensable gas from both the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle and the extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle. Furthermore, the ratio of the extraction of the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle and the extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle can be made different by changing the degree of opening of the gate valves 34 and 35.

The condenser 3 is configured as described above.
In the condenser 3, an extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle that is connected to the extraction device 33 and extracts non-condensable gas such as air mixed in the refrigerant in the shell container 21 is connected to the heat transfer tube bundle 25 (return path). The tube bundle 25 </ b> B) is disposed in the center area in the bundle radial direction and is provided so as to be parallel to the axial direction of the heat transfer tube bundle 25. According to this configuration, since the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is arranged inside the heat transfer tube bundle 25 in which the most non-condensable gas is distributed and has a high concentration during the operation of the turbo refrigeration apparatus 1, the extraction apparatus 33. By operating the non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant, it can be extracted effectively at a high concentration. Thereby, the fall of the condensation efficiency by mixing of noncondensable gas can be suppressed.

  Refrigerant gas containing non-condensable gas is extracted from the plurality of non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a into the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle. The non-condensation gas extraction holes 31a are formed on the lower surface of the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle. Therefore, it is difficult for the condensed liquid refrigerant to flow into the non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a. For this reason, the fall of the condensing efficiency by extracting the condensed liquid refrigerant can be suppressed.

  The extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is located above the forward tube bundle 25A and downstream of the forward tube bundle 25A among the forward tube bundle 25A and the return tube bundle 25B constituting the heat transfer tube bundle 25. Therefore, it is arranged in the central area in the bundle radial direction of the return pipe bundle 25B with a small amount of condensation of the gas refrigerant. For this reason, the probability that the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle is immersed in the liquid refrigerant is reduced, and the liquid refrigerant enters the extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle from the non-condensable gas extraction holes 31a and is extracted. It is possible to prevent the decrease in the condensation efficiency due to the extraction of the liquid refrigerant.

  The condenser 3 further includes an extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle arranged outside the heat transfer tube bundle 25 (25B) and in an upper space inside the shell container 21. The extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle is connected to an extraction device 33, and a non-condensable gas extraction hole 32a is formed on the lower surface thereof. And the bleeder 33 can bleed the non-condensable gas independently from the bleed pipe 31 in the heat transfer pipe bundle and the bleed pipe 32 outside the heat transfer pipe bundle.

  According to this configuration, in addition to the arrangement of the heat transfer tube bundle extraction pipe 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle 25 (25B) in which the most non-condensable gas is distributed during operation of the turbo refrigeration apparatus 1, the turbo refrigeration apparatus In the upper space in the shell container 21 in which the most non-condensable gas is distributed when 1 is stopped, the extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle is arranged. And the bleeder 33 can bleed the non-condensable gas independently from the bleed pipe 31 in the heat transfer pipe bundle and the bleed pipe 32 outside the heat transfer pipe bundle.

  For this reason, when the operation of the turbo refrigeration apparatus 1 is stopped, the air is extracted from the extraction pipe 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle located in the upper space in the shell container 21, and when the turbo refrigeration apparatus 1 is operated, the extraction is performed inside the heat transfer tube bundle 25 (25B). Extraction can be performed from the extraction tube 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle. As a result, regardless of the operating state of the turbo refrigeration apparatus 1, it is possible to always effectively extract non-condensable gas at a high concentration and suppress a decrease in condensation efficiency due to mixing of non-condensable gas. Of course, the extraction may be performed simultaneously from both the extraction tube 31 in the heat transfer tube bundle and the extraction tube 32 outside the heat transfer tube bundle.

  As described above, according to the condenser 3 according to the present embodiment and the turbo refrigeration apparatus 1 including the condenser 3, the turbo refrigeration apparatus using the low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG. 1, the non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant can be effectively extracted at a high concentration, and a decrease in condensation efficiency can be suppressed.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed or improved. Embodiments with such changes and improvements are also included in the scope of the right of the present invention. And

For example, in the above-described embodiment, one heat transfer tube bundle extraction tube 31 and one heat transfer tube bundle extraction tube 32 are provided, but two or more may be provided. Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the extraction pipe | tube 31 in a heat exchanger tube bundle is arrange | positioned inside the return pipe bundle 25B which comprises the upper part of the heat exchanger tube bundle 25, the outward pipe bundle 25A which comprises the lower part of the heat exchanger tube bundle 25 is provided. It is also possible to arrange it inside.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Turbo refrigeration apparatus 2 Turbo compressor 3 Condensers 4, 6 Expansion valve 7 Evaporator 21 Shell container 22 Refrigerant inlet 23 Refrigerant outlet 25 Heat transfer tube bundle 25A Outbound tube bundle 25B Return tube bundle 25a Heat transfer tube 31 Extraction pipe 31a in heat transfer tube bundle, 32a Non-condensable gas extraction hole 32 Extraction pipe 33 outside heat transfer tube bundle Extraction device

Claims (4)

A shell container into which a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG is introduced;
A refrigerant inlet provided at an upper portion of the shell container;
A refrigerant outlet provided at a lower portion of the shell container;
A number of heat transfer tubes that circulate the coolant inside are bundled, and the heat transfer tube bundle extending inside the shell container;
A non-condensable gas that is arranged in the central region in the bundle radial direction of the heat transfer tube bundle, forms a tube parallel to the axial direction of the heat transfer tube bundle, and extracts the non-condensable gas mixed in the low-pressure refrigerant on the lower surface thereof An extraction pipe in the heat transfer tube bundle in which extraction holes are formed;
An extraction device connected to the extraction tube in the heat transfer tube bundle and extracting the non-condensable gas;
With condenser. And further comprising an extraction pipe outside the heat transfer tube bundle, which is disposed in the upper space in the shell container, the non-condensable gas extraction holes are formed on the lower surface thereof, and connected to the extraction device,
The condenser according to claim 1, wherein the extraction device is capable of extracting the non-condensable gas independently from the extraction tube in the heat transfer tube bundle and the extraction tube outside the heat transfer tube bundle. The shell container has a cylindrical shape extending in a horizontal direction,
The heat transfer tube bundle communicates with the forward tube bundle extending from one end to the other end in the longitudinal axis inside the shell container, and the forward tube bundle at the other longitudinal end in the shell container, and inside the shell container A return pipe bundle returning from one end to the other in the longitudinal axis direction,
Inside the shell container, the forward tube bundle is disposed below, and the return tube bundle is disposed above,
The condenser according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the extraction pipe in the heat transfer pipe bundle is disposed in a bundle radial direction central region of the return pipe bundle. A turbo compressor that compresses a low-pressure refrigerant used at a maximum pressure of less than 0.2 MPaG;
The condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the compressed low-pressure refrigerant is condensed.
An expansion valve for expanding the condensed low-pressure refrigerant;
And an evaporator for evaporating the expanded low-pressure refrigerant.

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