JP4147260B2 - アンテナ - Google Patents
アンテナ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4147260B2 JP4147260B2 JP2006304311A JP2006304311A JP4147260B2 JP 4147260 B2 JP4147260 B2 JP 4147260B2 JP 2006304311 A JP2006304311 A JP 2006304311A JP 2006304311 A JP2006304311 A JP 2006304311A JP 4147260 B2 JP4147260 B2 JP 4147260B2
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- Prior art keywords
- core
- antenna
- conductor
- spiral
- feeder
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
- H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Parts Printed On Printed Circuit Boards (AREA)
Description
金属導体のトラックからなっている。
構造の導体へ接続している、コア末端の端面上に設けられた対応する半径方向のエレメントとを有するアンテナエレメント構造を有している。
階とを有する。この金属被覆は、コアの外側表面を金属材料でコーティングし、次にコーティングの一部を取り除いて予め決められたパターンを残すか、あるいはこれとは違って、予め決められたパターンのネガを有するマスクを形成し、次にコアの一部を遮蔽するマスクを使用してコアの外側表面上に金属材料を蒸着することによってパターンに従って金属材料を付着させる。必要な形の導電性パターンを蒸着する他の方法を使用することもできる。
0年12月号、49−54ページに記載のキルガス(Kilgus)の”レゾナント・クワドリフィラ・ヘリックス・デザイン(Resonant Quadrifilar Helix Design)”に述べられている円偏波信号に対する4線巻螺旋アンテナに対して必要な位相シフト条件が得られる。二つのエレメントの対10C、10CR、10D、10DR(すなわち、長いエレメントの一対と、短いエレメントの一対)は、半径方向のエレメント10CR、10DRの内側端部において、コア12の末端におけるフィーダ構造の内側導体18へ接続されている。一方、他の二つのエレメントの対10A、10AR、10B、10BRの半径方向エレメントは、金属のライニング16によって形成されたフィーダの遮蔽部材へ接続されている。フィーダ構造の末端において、内側導体18とライニング16の上に存在する信号はほぼ平衡がとれており、アンテナエレメントは以下で説明するように、ほぼ平衡がとれた源あるいは負荷へ接続されている。
における信号は少なくともほぼ平衡がとれている。(半硬質ケーブル中の絶縁体の誘電率は一般に上述したセラミックコア材料のそれよりもずっと小さい。例えば、PTFEの比誘電率εrは約2.2である。)
このアンテナは500MHzあるいはそれ以上の主共振周波数を有している。共振周波数はアンテナエレメントの実効電気長によって、また程度は小さいがその幅によって決まる。所定の共振周波数についてのエレメントの長さはコア材料の比誘電率にも依存する。アンテナの寸法は、空気のコアからなる同じような構造のアンテナに対してかなり小さくなる。
浸食させることによって、共振周波数の調節を行うことができる。ここでは、スリーブ20を浸食させてアンテナエレメント10Aとの接合部の両側にノッチ28を形成してエレメントを長くし、その共振周波数を下げる。これとは違って、例えばエッチングされる材料に合わせた開口部を有するレジストコーティングを利用して、金属材料をエッチングして化学的に取り除くこともできる。そのかわりにショットブラスト浸食を用いてもよい。研磨材料の小さな粒子を、浸食させる金属部分へ細かいノズルで投射する。周囲の材料を保護するために、開口部を備えたマスクを使用してもよい。
、特にスリーブ20(図1及び図2の参照番号を使用)から離れたところのコアの円筒状外側表面上にメッキされたアンテナエレメント10A〜10Dの軸長を調節することができる。このようなバッチごとの比誘電率の変動に対する補償は、テスト共振器から得られた共振周波数の関数としてコアの全長を調節することによって行うことができる。
に、エレメントとフィーダ構造へのその接続部とを有するアンテナエレメント構造が全体として三次元構造を有していて、垂直偏波信号と水平偏波信号の両方に対して感度を有しているだけで十分である。例えば、アンテナエレメント構造が二つあるいはそれより多くのアンテナエレメントを有し、このアンテナエレメントのそれぞれが先に説明した実施の形態におけるような上側の半径方向の接続部だけでなく、同じような下側の半径方向の接続部と、これらの半径方向部分を接続する中心軸に平行な直線部も有しているようなものでもよい。その他の構造も可能である。この簡単な構造は特にセル式移動電話に利用できる。携帯式の移動電話用途のこのようなアンテナの顕著な利点は、アンテナをユーザの頭の近くに持ってきたときに誘電体コアの同調を外すことがかなり避けられることである。これは小型であることと、頑丈であること以外の別の利点である。
本発明は、一実施の形態において、次に示す論理の構成を採ることができる。
項記載のアンテナ。
このバッチから少なくとも一つのテストアンテナコアを作る段階と、
バラン構造の共振周波数に影響する所定の呼び寸法を有するスリーブをコア上に金属被覆することによってバラン構造を形成する段階と、
共振周波数を測定することによって、要求されるバラン構造の共振周波数を得るためのスリーブ寸法の調節値を導き出し、要求されるアンテナエレメント周波数特性を与えるアンテナエレメントの少なくとも一つの寸法を導き出す段階と、
導き出された寸法を有するスリーブとアンテナエレメントとを備えた複数のアンテナを、同じ材料バッチから製造する段階と、
を有する上記17、18、及び25〜29のいずれか1項記載の複数のアンテナを製造する方法。
Claims (8)
- 5以上の比誘電率を有する中実材料から形成され、中心軸を有し、軸方向の長さが少なくとも直径と同じで、容積を限定する円筒状外側表面、第1端面部、及び第2端面部を有し、前記中実材料が前記容積の大部分を占めている円筒状電気絶縁性コアと;
前記中心軸上配置のフィーダ構造と;
前記コアの前記円筒状外側表面上に配置されていて、前記コアの前記第1端面部から前記第2端面部の方向へ実質的に延びている複数の螺旋状導体トラックとして構成された少なくとも二対の螺旋状アンテナエレメントと、前記コアの前記第1端面部上で放射状に延びていて、前記螺旋状導体トラックの各一方の端部を前記フィーダ構造に連結させている複数のフィーダ接続導体トラックと、前記螺旋状導体トラックの他方の端部を相互に連結させ、前記コアの前記第2端面部に隣接する前記円筒状外側表面上で前記コアの一部分を取り囲んでいる相互連結導体とを含む3次元アンテナエレメント構造とを備え;
前記フィーダ構造は、前記フィーダ接続導体トラックに接続されている
螺旋アンテナ。 - 前記相互連結導体を前記フィーダ構造と連結することにより構成されるバランを含む請求項1記載の螺旋アンテナ。
- 前記コアの材料がセラミックであり、比誘電率が少なくとも10である請求項1記載の螺旋アンテナ。
- 前記フィーダ接続導体トラックが、前記コアの前記第1端面部と同一平面上にあり、かつ前記第1端面部に直接接合された請求項1記載の螺旋アンテナ。
- 前記フィーダ構造が内側導体及び外側導体を含む同軸ケーブルを備え、
前記相互連結導体が前記コアの前記第2端面部上に形成された導体層を有し、この導体層が前記各螺旋状導体トラックを前記第2端面部において前記フィーダ構造の前記外側導体に接続する請求項1、2、3または4に記載の螺旋アンテナ。 - 前記螺旋状導体トラックは4つあり、各一対の前記螺旋状導体トラックは前記コアの中心軸に平行な軸方向に同じだけ延びていてかつ前記コアの直径方向に対向している請求項
1記載の螺旋アンテナ。 - 前記相互連結導体が環状である請求項1記載の螺旋アンテナ。
- 少なくとも10の比誘電率を有する中実セラミック材料から形成され、中心軸を限定する円筒状外側表面を有し、前記円筒状外側表面が第1端面部から第2端面部へ延びていて、前記第1端面部及び前記第2端面部が前記中心軸にほぼ垂直であり、前記中実セラミック材料が前記円筒状外側表面、前記第1端面部、及び前記第2端面部によって限定される容積の大部分を占めている円筒状電気絶縁性コアと;
前記中心軸上配置のフィーダ構造と;
前記コアの前記円筒状外側表面上で前記第1端面部から前記第2端面部の方向へ実質的に延びていて、かつ前記中心軸に中心を持つ、前記コアの直径方向に対向する2つの螺旋状導体トラックを各一対が有する少なくとも二対の螺旋状アンテナエレメントと、前記コアの前記第1端面部上で放射状に延びていて、前記螺旋状導体トラックの各第1の端部を前記フィーダ構造に連結させている複数のフィーダ接続導体トラックとを含む3次元アンテナエレメント構造とを備え;
前記螺旋状導体トラックの各第2の端部は、前記コアの前記円筒状外側表面上で相互に連結され;
前記一つの対の螺旋状アンテナエレメントの前記螺旋状導体トラックは、前記フィーダ接続導体トラックとの組み合わせによって第1の電気長の導体を構成し、前記他の対の螺旋状アンテナエレメントの前記螺旋状導体トラックは、前記フィーダ接続導体トラックとの組み合わせによって第2の電気長の導体を構成する
螺旋アンテナ。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9417450A GB9417450D0 (en) | 1994-08-25 | 1994-08-25 | An antenna |
| GB9424150A GB9424150D0 (en) | 1994-08-25 | 1994-11-30 | An antenna |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005368706A Division JP4057612B2 (ja) | 1994-08-25 | 2005-12-21 | アンテナ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007068222A JP2007068222A (ja) | 2007-03-15 |
| JP4147260B2 true JP4147260B2 (ja) | 2008-09-10 |
Family
ID=10760577
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50787796A Expired - Lifetime JP4188412B2 (ja) | 1994-08-25 | 1995-08-21 | アンテナ |
| JP2005368706A Expired - Lifetime JP4057612B2 (ja) | 1994-08-25 | 2005-12-21 | アンテナ |
| JP2006304311A Expired - Lifetime JP4147260B2 (ja) | 1994-08-25 | 2006-11-09 | アンテナ |
Family Applications Before (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50787796A Expired - Lifetime JP4188412B2 (ja) | 1994-08-25 | 1995-08-21 | アンテナ |
| JP2005368706A Expired - Lifetime JP4057612B2 (ja) | 1994-08-25 | 2005-12-21 | アンテナ |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US5854608A (ja) |
| EP (3) | EP1811601B1 (ja) |
| JP (3) | JP4188412B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100366071B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN1090829C (ja) |
| AT (2) | ATE201284T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU707488B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BR9508769A (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2198375C (ja) |
| DE (3) | DE69535993D1 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0777922T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2158123T3 (ja) |
| FI (2) | FI121038B (ja) |
| GB (3) | GB9417450D0 (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO970832L (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ291852A (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL180221B1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1996006468A1 (ja) |
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-
1994
- 1994-08-25 GB GB9417450A patent/GB9417450D0/en active Pending
- 1994-11-30 GB GB9424150A patent/GB9424150D0/en active Pending
- 1994-12-06 US US08/351,631 patent/US5854608A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-08-21 NZ NZ291852A patent/NZ291852A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-21 EP EP07005353A patent/EP1811601B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 BR BR9508769A patent/BR9508769A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-21 EP EP95929938A patent/EP0777922B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 AT AT95929938T patent/ATE201284T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-21 KR KR1019970701191A patent/KR100366071B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 AT AT00123015T patent/ATE357751T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-21 EP EP00123015A patent/EP1081787B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 DE DE69535993T patent/DE69535993D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 JP JP50787796A patent/JP4188412B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 DE DE69520948T patent/DE69520948T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 GB GB9517086A patent/GB2292638B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 DE DE69535431T patent/DE69535431T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 CN CN95195772A patent/CN1090829C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 WO PCT/GB1995/001982 patent/WO1996006468A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-21 DK DK95929938T patent/DK0777922T3/da active
- 1995-08-21 ES ES95929938T patent/ES2158123T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-21 PL PL95319017A patent/PL180221B1/pl unknown
- 1995-08-21 AU AU33498/95A patent/AU707488B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-21 CA CA002198375A patent/CA2198375C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-02-24 NO NO970832A patent/NO970832L/no unknown
- 1997-02-24 FI FI970759A patent/FI121038B/fi active IP Right Grant
-
1998
- 1998-12-03 US US09/204,863 patent/US6181297B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2000
- 2000-10-06 US US09/684,280 patent/US6424316B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2005
- 2005-12-21 JP JP2005368706A patent/JP4057612B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2006
- 2006-11-09 JP JP2006304311A patent/JP4147260B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2007
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