JP4818609B2 - 外部車両照明の自動制御のための画像取得及び処理方法 - Google Patents
外部車両照明の自動制御のための画像取得及び処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119(e)条の下で、2002年8月21日出願のJoseph S. Stam他の米国仮特許出願60/404,879「車両用照明制御のための画像取得及び処理方法」に対して優先権を主張する。その開示内容は引用によって本明細書に組み込まれている。
運転安全性の改善及び運転者への便宜のために、車両照明の自動制御を行うことが長い間望まれてきた。そのような自動照明制御は、被制御車両のハイビームヘッドライトの走行条件に応じた自動的な点灯及び消灯を含むであろう。この機能は、周囲照明の条件、対向車のヘッドライト、及び先行車のテールランプを検出するための種々の形式の光学センサを使用して幅広く試みられてきた。最近、電子イメージセンサを利用したセンサが提案されている。そのようなシステムは、本出願人に譲渡された米国特許第5,837,994号「車両のヘッドライトを自動的に滅光する制御システム」及び米国特許第6,049,171号「連続可変ヘッドライト制御」、並びに本出願人に譲渡された米国特許出願番号09/799,310「車両ヘッドライト又は他の車両機器を制御するための画像処理システム」、米国特許出願番号09/528,389「改良型車両用ランプ制御」、及び米国特許出願番号09/800,460「外部車両照明を制御するためのシステム」に開示されている。これらの開示内容は引用によって本明細書に組み込まれている。画像検出による光源の検出には多くの課題がある。例えば、対向車のヘッドライトと、被制御車両のヘッドライトの標識又は他の物体からの反射とを区別するのは難しい場合がある。更に、例えば頭上の街路灯等の他の光源の近くで遠く離れたテールランプを検出することは、これらの光源が画像中に滲み込んでテールランプの赤色を弱めるので難しい場合がある。
(1)RIrb(O(i))=100*(LInv(O(i+1))−LInv(O(i)))/LInv(O(i))
(2)RIrb(O)=100*(exp(log(2)/n)−1)
ここでexp(x)は自然数eのx乗であり、log(x)はxの自然対数である。
(3)O(i)=i
(4)RIrb(i)=100/i
ge[a、in9s[8:0]]でありge[b、in9s[8:0]]ではない。
exp(((x/48)+9)*log(2))
ここで、exp(y)は自然数eのy乗である指数関数であり、log(z)はzの自然対数である。前述の値は512からxが48に等しいであろう1024の1ステップ前の値までの範囲である。この関数値は、所望のオクターブ(連続するオクターブの間で、次のオクターブでのx=0の値としてxが48に等しい値が含まれる)をもたらす。最上位の1ビットはブロック908の列3及び6では省略されている。
所望の条件を満たした状態で、1404によって示すように、制御は消灯状態1401から遷移状態1402に進む。図15は不連続切り換えランプに関する遷移状態1402の挙動を示す。ランプが消灯状態で説明を始めると、制御はポイント1501で遷移状態1402に入る。他の車両の照明が識別されない各々の連続するサイクルに関して、遷移状態におけるレベルは高くなる。レベルが点灯に切り換わるポイント1503に達するとハイビームが点灯して、制御状態は遷移1405を通って点灯状態1403に設定される。ポイント1501から1503への過渡時に他の車両の照明が識別されると、遷移状態のレベルは高くならず方向を変えて低下し始める。
エレクトロクロミック媒体は、小規模の非均質領域を含み更に溶相デバイスを含むことができる材料の単層であり、材料は、イオン導通の電解液の溶液に含まれ、電子的に酸化又は還元されたときに電解液の溶液中に残る。米国特許出願番号09/034,531「近赤外線吸収エレクトロクロミック化合物と同じ構成の素子」、米国特許出願番号09/377,455「色が安定しているエレクトロクロミック素子」、米国特許出願番号09/454,043「可溶性部分を有する陽極エレクトロクロミック材料」、米国特許出願番号09/302,866「エレクトロクロミック素子に配合して使用するための、安定化プロセスが強化された濃度のエレクトロクロミック媒体」、米国特許出願番号09/366,115「紫外線安定性が強化されたエレクトロクロミック材料」、米国特許出願番号09/677,689「陽極エレクトロクロミック材料、エレクトロクロミック媒体、及び同一物を有する素子として使用するための置換メタロセン」、及び米国特許出願番号09/350,879「光安定性ジカチ酸化状態の結合型エレクトロクロミック化合物」は、単層のエレクトロクロミック媒体で使用することができる陽極及び陰極の材料を開示しており、その開示内容はその開示内容は引用によって本明細書に組み込まれている。米国特許第5,928,572号「改良エレクトロクロミック層及びそれを有する装置」、又は国際特許出願番号PCT/US98/05570「エレクトロクロミックポリマーの固形フィルム、そのようなフィルムを使用したエレクトロクロミック素子の製法、及びそのような固形フィルムと素子の製造プロセス」の教示によって、架橋リンクポリマーマトリックスの連続溶液相に溶液相電気活性材料を含むことができ、その開示内容はその開示内容は引用によって本明細書に組み込まれている。
媒体は複数の層に形成され、電子的に導通する電極に直接付着された少なくとも1つの材料を含むか又はその近傍に閉じこめられ、電気化学的に酸化又は還元されると付着されるか又は閉じ込められたままである。この種のエレクトロクロミック媒体の例は、酸化タングステン、酸化インジウム、酸化ニッケル、酸化バナジウム等の金属酸化膜である。また、電極に付着されたポリチオフェン、ポリアニリン、ポリピロール等の1つ又はそれ以上の有機エレクトロクロミック層を含む媒体も積層媒体と見なすことができる。
Claims (13)
- 少なくとも1つの確率関数に基づいて少なくとも1つの外部照明信号を生成するように構成されたコントローラを備える車両用自動外部照明制御装置であって、
前記少なくとも1つの確率関数は、被制御車両の前方シーンの少なくとも1つの画像内の個々の光源を分類するのに用いられるものであり、複数の変数を含み、少なくとも3つの状態に前記外部照明を制御するために、所定の光源を正確に分類する確率を表す実質的に連続する、出力値を有し、
前記変数は、車両速度、周囲照明レベル、車両旋回速度、車線追跡、車両ピッチング、車両ヨーイング、地理的位置、及び道路の種類からなる被制御車両関連運転パラメータのグループから選択されることを特徴とする車両用自動外部照明制御装置。 - 少なくとも1つの確率関数に基づいて少なくとも1つの外部照明信号を生成するように構成されたコントローラを備える車両用自動外部照明制御装置であって、
前記少なくとも1つの確率関数は、被制御車両の前方シーンの少なくとも1つの画像内の個々の光源を分類するのに用いられるものであり、複数の変数、複数の重み係数、及び出力を含み、少なくとも3つの状態に前記外部照明を制御するために、該出力は所定の光源を正確に分類する確率を表すものであり、
前記変数は、車両速度、周囲照明レベル、車両旋回速度、車線追跡、車両ピッチング、車両ヨーイング、地理的位置、及び道路の種類からなる被制御車両関連運転パラメータのグループから選択されることを特徴とする車両用自動外部照明制御装置。 - 前記変数は、ピーク輝度、全輝度、重心位置、傾斜、幅、高さ、色、x方向の動き、y方向の動き、輝度変化、世代、平均x方向の動き、平均y方向の動き、運動ジッタ、被制御車両の外部照明の輝度変化と相関関係がある輝度変化、及び平均輝度変化からなる光源特性のグループから選択されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記車両旋回速度は、ハンドル角度、方位、車輪速度、GPS、及び画像解析結果からなるグループから選択された、少なくとも1つの項目によって判定されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記コントローラは、少なくとも1つの光源が対向車のヘッドライトであるか、先行車のテールランプであるか、又は非車両の光源であるかを、前記確率関数の関数として判定するように更に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は4に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記判定は、更に光源の輝度の関数であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記判定は、更に光源の輝度の関数であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記の判定は、更に光源に存在する場合がある任意のAC点滅の関数であることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つの出力は、ブール真偽値、及び確率を表すことができる実質的に連続する値からなるグループから選択されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記重み係数は、少なくとも1つの既知の光源を含む少なくとも1つの画像を調べることによって実験的に判定されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記重み係数は、統計データを調べることによって判定されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記統計データは、既知の光源を含む複数の画像から導き出されることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
- 前記確率関数は、一次方程式、二次方程式、三次方程式、及び四次方程式からなるグループから選択されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の車両用自動外部照明制御装置。
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| PCT/US2003/026407 WO2004034183A2 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2003-08-20 | Image acquisition and processing methods for automatic vehicular exterior lighting control |
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2003
- 2003-08-20 JP JP2004543250A patent/JP4818609B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-20 EP EP03796308.9A patent/EP1573479B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-20 WO PCT/US2003/026407 patent/WO2004034183A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-20 CN CNA038197855A patent/CN101023407A/zh active Pending
- 2003-08-20 AU AU2003298558A patent/AU2003298558A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-08-20 US US10/645,801 patent/US7565006B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-20 CA CA2494723A patent/CA2494723C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-08-20 KR KR1020057002960A patent/KR20050037582A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2003-08-20 MX MXPA05001880A patent/MXPA05001880A/es active IP Right Grant
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11042764B2 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2021-06-22 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Device and a method for detecting vehicle lights in an image |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20050037582A (ko) | 2005-04-22 |
| MXPA05001880A (es) | 2005-06-03 |
| WO2004034183A3 (en) | 2007-03-22 |
| US7565006B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
| EP1573479A4 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
| AU2003298558A8 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
| WO2004034183A2 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
| US20040143380A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
| EP1573479A2 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| EP1573479B1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
| CA2494723A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
| JP2006511383A (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
| CA2494723C (en) | 2011-11-08 |
| AU2003298558A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
| CN101023407A (zh) | 2007-08-22 |
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