JP5632009B2 - 溶接品質を監視する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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Description
本願は、米国仮特許出願番号第61/261,079号からのU.S.C.§119(e)に基づく優先権/利益を請求する非仮特許出願として出願されている。米国仮特許出願番号第61/261,079号の全ての開示は参照されることにより本願明細書に組み込まれる。
例示的な一実施形態では、是正措置の指示は、例えば溶接機に統合された又はその近くにあるディスプレイ装置で、オペレータに視覚的に提供される。例示的な一実施形態では、指示は、オペレータにより装着された保護バイザー又はヘッドギアに視覚的に表示される。例示的な一実施形態では、指示は、溶接機に統合された又はその近くにあるスピーカを通じて、オペレータに聴覚的に提供される。例示的な一実施形態では、指示は、オペレータにより装着された保護ヘッドギアで聴覚的に再生される。
12 電源
14 端子
16 端子
18 平滑インダクタ
20 溶接ワイヤ
22 リール
24 フィーダ
30 加工中製品
32 シャント
33 シャント
34 ブロック
34a ライン
36 ブロック
36a ライン
40 波形生成器
42 コマンド・ライン
44 コマンド・ライン
46 ワイヤ駆動制御
46a ライン
46b ライン
46c エンコーダ
70 コマンド・インタフェース
81 レベル段
81a 最小モニタ段
81b 最大モニタ段
81c フィルタ
81d フィルタ
82 レポート・ロジック
84 発振器
86 ブロック
90a フィルタ
91 安定性モニタ段
92 ロジック
94 発振器
100 パルス波形
102 ピーク電流
104 バックグラウンド電流
110 破線
152 ブロック
156 出力
158 パルス幅変調器
160 処理ブロック
162 ライン
170 ランプアップ部分の開始
172 ランプダウン部分の終了
180 閾
182 閾
184 過渡状態
186 過渡状態
200 分析プログラム
202a ライン
202b ライン
210 ブロック
210a ライン
212 合格分析ルーチン
214 ライン
216 ライン
220 カウンタ
220a 読み取りブロック
220a 読み取りブロック
222 カウンタ
224 ライン
226 ブロック
230 ブロック
234 読み取り段
236 ブロック
238 ブロック
250 レベル分析プログラム
252 プログラム・ステップ
254 ブロック
254a ライン
256 カウンタ
258 ライン
26 モータ
260 ブロック
262 サブルーチン
262a ブロック
264 プログラム・ステップ
266 プログラム・ルーチン
266a ブロック
266b ルーチン
270 プログラム
272 カウンタ
280 サブルーチン
282 ブロック
282a ブロック
284 ブロック
286a ブロック
286b ブロック
900 重み付け方法
902 開始段階
904 ステップ
906 ステップ
908 ステップ
910 ステップ
914 ステップ
916 ステップ
918 ステップ
920 ステップ
922 ステップ
1000 概念的生産ライン
1018 評価ステーション
1020 容認溶接コマンド
1022 拒否溶接コマンド
1100 指示
1102 ステップ
1104 ステップ
1106 ステップ
1108 ステップ
1110 ステップ
1112 ステップ
1114 ステップ
1116 ステップ
1118 ステップ
1200 システム
1202 指示
1204 ブース
1206 ブース
1208 ブース
1210 ブース
1212 ブース
1214 ブース
1218 ブース
1220 ブース
1252 講師
1254 生産監視システム
1256 ネットワーク
1258 ディスプレイ装置
1260 データ記憶
1300 方法
1302 ステップ
1306 ステップ
1308 ステップ
1310 ステップ
1400 データ
1402 溶接条件
1404 ワイヤ消費
1406 加工中製品消費
1408 遮蔽ガスの流速
1410 遮蔽ガスの組成
1412 加工中製品の予熱温度
1414 ステップ
1416 溶接スコア
1418 貨幣原価
1420 時間費用
1500 プリセット
1502 プリセット数
1504 溶接条件
1506 溶接機情報
1508 溶接行程情報
1510 貨幣原価
1512 時間費用
1514 溶接スコア
A 時間セグメント
B セグメント
Ia 出力信号
L1 電気入力
L2 電気入力
L3 電気入力
M モニタ
N 数
O 溶接行程
S1 1002 第1の溶接スコア
S1 1236 第1の学生
S2 1004 第2の溶接スコア
S2 1238 第2の学生
S3 1006 第3の溶接スコア
S3 1224 第3の溶接機
S3 1240 第3の学生
S4 1242 第4の学生
S5 1244 第5の学生
S6 1246 第6の学生
S7 1248 第7の学生
S8 1250 第8の学生
U 時間
Va 出力
W1 1220 第1の溶接機
W2 1222 第2の溶接機
W4 1226 第4の溶接機
W5 1228 第5の溶接機
W6 1230 第6の溶接機
W7 1232 第7の溶接機
W8 1234 第8の溶接機
WP1 1008 第1の加工中製品
WP2 1010 第2の加工中製品
WP3 1012 第3の加工中製品
a 値
b 値
c 値
d 値
e 値
t1 時間
t2 時間
t3 時間
Claims (38)
- 電気アーク溶接機が、前進するワイヤと加工中製品との間の実際の溶接パラメータを生成することにより、選択されたアーク溶接行程を実行するときに、該溶接機を監視することにより、溶接の品質を定量化する方法であって、
前記選択された行程は、前記溶接機の電源へのコマンド信号により制御され、当該方法は、
(a)一連の敏速に繰り返す波形を生成する段階であって、各波形はサイクル時間を備える溶接サイクルを構成する段階と、
(b)前記波形を一連の時間セグメント状態に分割する段階と、
(c)問い合わせレートで、時間期間にわたり、前記溶接行程中に繰り返し、1又は複数の前記状態で生じる複数の選択された溶接パラメータを測定する段階と、
(d)前記状態の各々について、前記溶接行程中の前記選択された溶接パラメータの前記測定に基づき、複数の品質パラメータを計算する段階と、
(e)各時間期間について計算された前記品質パラメータの各々の値を、対応する期待される品質パラメータの値と比較し、前記計算された品質パラメータの値と前記期待される品質パラメータの値との間の差が所定の閾を超えているかどうかを決定する段階と、
(f)前記差が前記閾を超えているならば、前記計算された品質パラメータの値を前記差に基づく大きさの重みで重み付けし、前記計算された品質パラメータの値を前記状態の実行時間に基づく時間的貢献の重みで重み付けする段階とを含み、
前記品質パラメータは、前記溶接の全体的な品質測定結果を表す、
方法。 - 前記問い合わせレートは120kHzであり、及び/又は前記時間期間は約250msである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記選択された溶接パラメータは、前記状態の全てについて測定される、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記選択された溶接パラメータは、前記状態の各々について、前記時間期間内に前記選択された溶接パラメータのそれぞれについて行われた前記測定の回数、前記時間期間内の平均電圧
、前記時間期間内の電圧の二乗平均平方根RMSV、前記時間期間内の電圧の分散Vvar、前記時間期間内の平均電流
、前記時間期間内の電流の二乗平均平方根RMSI、及び前記時間期間内の電流の分散Ivarを含み、
ここで、
=(前記時間期間内に測定された電圧の和)/(電圧測定回数)であり、
ここで、
であり、
であり、
=(前記時間期間内に測定された電流の和)/(電流測定回数)であり、
ここで、
であり、
であり、
ここで、Nは、前記時間期間内の溶接サイクルの総数であり、
voltageiは、前記時間期間内の溶接サイクルのうちの特定の1つについての電圧測定値を表し、
currentiは、前記時間期間内の溶接サイクルのうちの特定の1つについての電流測定値を表す、
請求項1乃至3のうちのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - (g)前記品質パラメータを後の溶接を評価するための測定基準において使用する段階を更に含む、請求項1乃至14のうちのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 電気アーク溶接機が、前進するワイヤと加工中製品との間の実際の溶接パラメータを生成することにより、アーク溶接行程に従って溶接を実行するときに、該溶接機を監視することにより、実質的に同一の条件下で実質的に同一のアーク溶接行程に従って実行される複数の溶接を評価する方法であって、
前記選択された行程は前記溶接機の電源へのコマンド信号により制御され、当該方法は、各溶接の間に、
(a)一連の敏速に繰り返す波形を生成する段階であって、各波形はサイクル時間を備える溶接サイクルを構成する段階と、
(b)前記波形を一連の時間セグメント状態に分割する段階と、
(c)選択された溶接パラメータについてのデータ・セットを得るために、問い合わせレートで、時間期間にわたり、前記状態のうちの1つで生じる該選択された溶接パラメータを測定する段階と、
(d)各時間期間について、前記選択された溶接パラメータの品質値を前記データ・セットから計算する段階と、
(e)前記品質値と期待される品質値との間の差が所定の閾を超えているかどうかを決定するために、各品質値を該期待される品質値と比較する段階と、
(f)前記差が前記閾を超えているならば、前記品質値を前記差に基づく大きさの重みで重み付けし、前記品質値を前記状態の実行時間に基づく時間的貢献の重みで重み付けする段階と、
(g)前記溶接の品質スコアを決定するために、前記溶接行程中に得られた、重み付けされた品質値を含む全ての前記品質値を用いる段階とを含む、
方法。 - (h)前記溶接の品質スコアが品質スコアの第1の所定の範囲内である場合、前記溶接を拒否する段階と、
(i)前記溶接の品質スコアが品質スコアの第2の所定の範囲内である場合、前記溶接を容認する段階とを更に含む、
請求項16に記載の方法。 - (h)各溶接を該溶接の対応する品質スコアと恒久的に関連付ける段階を更に含む、請求項16又は17に記載の方法。
- 前記問い合わせレートは120kHzであり、及び/又は前記時間期間は約250msである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記選択された溶接パラメータはアーク電流であり、及び/又は前記選択された溶接パラメータはアーク電圧である、請求項16乃至19のうちのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 電気アーク溶接機が、溶接を形成するために、前進するワイヤと加工中製品との間の実際の溶接パラメータを生成することにより、選択されたアーク溶接行程を実行するときに、該溶接機を監視するモニタであって、
前記行程は、アークに伴って生じ、前記パラメータについてのコマンド信号の一連の敏速に繰り返す波形により定められ、各波形はサイクル時間を備える溶接サイクルを構成し、当該モニタは、
前記波形の各々を一連の時間セグメント状態にセグメント化する論理状態制御部と、
特定の波形状態を選択する回路と、
選択された溶接パラメータについてのデータ・セットを得るために、問い合わせレートで、前記溶接行程中に繰り返される時間期間にわたり、1又は複数の前記状態で生じる複数の前記選択された溶接パラメータを読み取る読み取り装置と、
前記選択された溶接パラメータに基づき、前記状態の各々について、複数の品質パラメータを計算する回路と、
各時間期間について計算された前記品質パラメータの各々の値を、対応する期待される品質パラメータの値と比較し、前記計算された品質パラメータの値と前記期待される品質パラメータの値との間の差が所定の閾を超えているかどうかを決定する回路と、
前記差が前記閾を超えているならば、前記計算された品質パラメータの値を前記差に基づく大きさの重みで重み付けし、前記計算された品質パラメータの値を前記状態の実行時間に基づく時間的貢献の重みで重み付けする回路とを含み、
前記品質パラメータは、前記溶接の全体的な品質測定結果を表す、
モニタ。 - 前記問い合わせレートは120kHzであり、及び/又は前記時間期間は約250msである、請求項21に記載のモニタ。
- 前記選択された溶接パラメータは、前記状態の全てについて読み取られる、請求項21又は22に記載のモニタ。
- 前記選択された溶接パラメータは、前記状態の各々について、前記時間期間内に前記選択された溶接パラメータのそれぞれについて行われた前記測定の回数、前記時間期間内の平均電圧
、前記時間期間内の電圧の二乗平均平方根RMSV、前記時間期間内の電圧の分散Vvar、前記時間期間内の平均電流
、前記時間期間内の電流の二乗平均平方根RMSI、及び前記時間期間内の電流の分散Ivarを含み、
ここで、
=(前記時間期間内に測定された電圧の和)/(電圧測定回数)であり、
ここで、
であり、
であり、
=(前記時間期間内に測定された電流の和)/(電流測定回数)であり、
ここで、
であり、
であり、
ここで、Nは、前記時間期間内の溶接サイクルの総数であり、
voltageiは、前記時間期間内の溶接サイクルのうちの特定の1つについての前記電圧測定値を表し、
currentiは、前記時間期間内の溶接サイクルのうちの特定の1つについての前記電流測定値を表す、
請求項21乃至23のうちのいずれか1項に記載のモニタ。 - 前記品質パラメータは後の溶接を評価するための測定基準において使用される段階を更に含む、請求項21乃至34のうちのいずれか1項に記載のモニタ。
- 電気アーク溶接機の電源へのコマンド信号により制御されるアーク溶接行程に伴う前進するワイヤと加工中製品との間の実際の溶接パラメータを生成することにより該アーク溶接行程を実行するために各溶接機が該溶接機の個々のオペレータにより使用されるときに、該オペレータの各々と関連付けられた電気アーク溶接機を監視することにより、該アーク溶接行程を実行する複数の該オペレータを評価する方法であって、
当該方法は、各オペレータについて、
(a)所定の基準溶接に対する前記アーク溶接行程に従い形成された溶接の品質指標を示す数値スコアを生成する段階と、
(b)前記オペレータが前記アーク溶接行程を実行するのに費やした時間量を測定する段階と、
(c)前記数値スコア及び前記溶接時間を前記オペレータと関連付ける段階とを含み、
前記段階(a)は、
(a1)一連の敏速に繰り返す波形を生成する段階であって、各波形はサイクル時間を備える溶接サイクルを構成する段階と、
(a2)前記波形を一連の時間セグメント状態に分割する段階と、
(a3)選択された溶接パラメータについてのデータ・セットを得るために、問い合わせレートで、時間期間にわたり、前記状態のうちの1つで生じる該選択された溶接パラメータを測定する段階と、
(a4)各時間期間について、前記選択された溶接パラメータの品質値を前記データ・セットから計算する段階と、
(a5)前記品質値と期待される品質値との間の差が所定の閾を超えているかどうかを決定するために、各品質値を該期待される品質値と比較する段階と、
(a6)前記差が前記閾を超えているならば、前記品質値を前記差に基づく大きさの重みで重み付けし、前記品質値を前記状態の実行時間に基づく時間的貢献の重みで重み付けする段階と、
(a7)前記数値スコアを決定するために、前記アーク溶接行程中に得られた、重み付けされた品質値を含む全ての前記品質値を用いる段階とを更に含む、
方法。 - 前記段階(b)は、前記オペレータが前記アーク溶接行程を実行するのに費やした評価期間の割合を決定する段階を更に含む、請求項36に記載の方法。
- 前記オペレータの各々は、実質的に同一のアーク溶接行程を実質的に同一の条件下で実行する、請求項36又は37に記載の方法。
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| EP (1) | EP2498944B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5632009B2 (ja) |
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| BR (1) | BR112012006092A2 (ja) |
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| CN102596476A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
| CA2771241A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
| US9050679B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 |
| US9089921B2 (en) | 2015-07-28 |
| US20140027424A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
| JP2013510725A (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
| BR112012006092A2 (pt) | 2016-05-31 |
| CN102596476B (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
| US9050678B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 |
| US20140038144A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
| US20140034617A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
| US20140027425A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
| US8987628B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 |
| EP2498944B1 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
| US20140038143A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
| US20110114615A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
| WO2011058433A1 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
| US9012802B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 |
| US8569646B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 |
| EP2498944A1 (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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