JP5778316B2 - 偏波保持光ファイバ - Google Patents
偏波保持光ファイバ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5778316B2 JP5778316B2 JP2014114391A JP2014114391A JP5778316B2 JP 5778316 B2 JP5778316 B2 JP 5778316B2 JP 2014114391 A JP2014114391 A JP 2014114391A JP 2014114391 A JP2014114391 A JP 2014114391A JP 5778316 B2 JP5778316 B2 JP 5778316B2
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- optical fiber
- maintaining optical
- core
- refractive index
- polarization maintaining
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/024—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with polarisation maintaining properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/01466—Means for changing or stabilising the diameter or form of tubes or rods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/12—Non-circular or non-elliptical cross-section, e.g. planar core
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/10—Internal structure or shape details
- C03B2203/22—Radial profile of refractive index, composition or softening point
- C03B2203/29—Segmented core fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2203/00—Fibre product details, e.g. structure, shape
- C03B2203/30—Polarisation maintaining [PM], i.e. birefringent products, e.g. with elliptical core, by use of stress rods, "PANDA" type fibres
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る偏波保持光ファイバの断面概略図である。図1に示すように、この偏波保持光ファイバ10は、コア部11と、コア部11の外周に形成され、コア部11よりも屈折率が低いクラッド部12とを備える。なお、コア部11はゲルマニウムが添加されたシリカガラスからなり、クラッド部12は屈折率調整用のドーパントが添加されていない純シリカガラスからなる。また、クラッド部12は、コア部11を挟んで対向する位置に2つの空孔13を有する。この空孔13は、いずれもコア部11との最短距離がほぼゼロになるように形成されている。なお、この最短距離については後述する。
ここで、nc1はコア部11の最大屈折率、ncはクラッド部12の屈折率である。
一方、空孔をコア部に大きく食い込ませるようにすると、漏れ損失が大きくなるので好ましくない。また、Wが−0.1〜0.2μmの範囲で変動した場合を想定すると、Wが0.2μmの場合の漏れ損失は、Wが0μmの場合の約1/10と十分に小さい。さらに、Wが−0.1μmの場合の漏れ損失は、Wが0μmの場合の2倍程度となり、伝送損失に影響を与えない許容範囲内と考えられる0.01dB/kmよりも小さい差であるので、問題とはならない。すなわち、Wが−0.1〜0.2μmの範囲であれば、十分大きなモード複屈折が得られるとともに、漏れ損失も十分小さい。
n2(r)=ncore 2×{1−2×(Δ/100)×(r/a)^α}
(但し、0<r<a) ・・・ (2)
ただし、rはコア部の中心からの半径方向の位置を示し、n(r)は位置rにおける屈折率、ncoreはコア部のr=0における屈折率、Δは(1)式におけるΔ11、aはコア部の半径を表している。また、記号「^」はべき乗を表す記号である。
つぎに、本発明の実施例1として、実施の形態1と同様の構造を有する偏波保持光ファイバを製造した。以下、その製造方法を説明する。はじめに、VAD法を用いてゲルマニウムが添加された多孔質シリカ母材を作製し、これをガラス化してシリカガラスからなるコア母材を作製した。このコア母材の純シリカガラスに対する比屈折率差は半径方向にほぼ一様に0.8%であった。さらに、このコア母材の屈折率分布形状をより理想的なステップ型とするために、コア母材の外周部を所定の厚さだけエッチングで除去した。その後、このコア母材の屈折率分布形状を測定したところ、外周部の位置から比屈折率差が0.7%の位置までほぼ垂直の立ち上がりを示していた。また、このコア母材の屈折率分布形状をα型形状で近似すると、α値は実質的に10以上となっていた。
つぎに、本発明の実施例2〜14に係る偏波保持光ファイバとして、実施例1に係る偏波保持光ファイバと同様の構造を有するが、コア部の比屈折率差、α値、コア径、および空孔の空孔径を変えた偏波保持光ファイバを製造した。なお、いずれの偏波保持光ファイバにおいてもコア部と空孔との最短距離はゼロとしている。
つぎに、本発明の実施の形態2に係る偏波保持光ファイバについて説明する。図11は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る偏波保持光ファイバの断面概略図である。図11に示すように、この偏波保持光ファイバ20は、実施の形態1に係る偏波保持光ファイバ10と同様に、ゲルマニウムが添加されたシリカガラスからなるコア部21と、コア部21の外周に形成され、純シリカガラスからなるクラッド部22とを備え、クラッド部22は、コア部21を挟んで対向する位置に、コア部21との最短距離がほぼゼロになるように形成され2つの空孔23を有する。しかしながら、偏波保持光ファイバ10とは異なり、偏波保持光ファイバ20は、コア部21が中心コア部211と、中心コア部211の外周に形成された、中心コア部211よりも屈折率が高い外側コア部212とを備える。
なお、このとき式(2)におけるncoreはコア部の最大屈折率、ΔはΔ22とする。また、r=0の屈折率がncore(コア部の最大屈折率)であるとして、比屈折率差が最大値の3/4となる位置までの形状をα型の屈折率分布形状で近似する。
つぎに、本発明の実施例15〜20に係る偏波保持光ファイバとして、実施の形態2と同様の構造を有し、中心コア部および外側コア部の比屈折率差、中心コア部の直径、コア部のコア径およびα値、および空孔の空孔径を変えた偏波保持光ファイバを製造した。
つぎに、本発明の実施の形態3に係る偏波保持光ファイバ接続体の製造方法について説明する。本実施の形態3に係る偏波保持光ファイバ接続体の製造方法は、実施の形態1に係る偏波保持光ファイバと、応力付与型偏波保持光ファイバとを融着接続し、偏波保持光ファイバ接続体を製造するものである。
つぎに、本発明の実施の形態4に係る偏波保持光ファイバ接続体の製造方法について説明する。本実施の形態4に係る偏波保持光ファイバ接続体の製造方法は、実施の形態3とは異なり、実施の形態1に係る偏波保持光ファイバと応力付与型偏波保持光ファイバとの偏波軸を一致させ、偏波保持光ファイバの端部において空孔が潰れないように融着接続を行ない、その後融着接続した偏波保持光ファイバの端部を、空孔を潰すように加熱して、コア部を楕円形状にする。
11、21、41 コア部
12、22、32、42 クラッド部
13、23 空孔
30 楕円コア型偏波保持光ファイバ部
31 楕円コア部
40 応力付与型偏波保持光ファイバ
43 応力付与材
100、200 偏波保持光ファイバ接続体
211 中心コア部
212 外側コア部
C1、C2 データ点
D1、D2 方向
F 融着接続部
L1〜L6 線
P11〜P13、P211、P212、P22 屈折率形状
Claims (5)
- コア部と、
前記コア部の外周に形成され該コア部よりも屈折率が低いクラッド部と、
を備え、前記コア部の屈折率分布形状は、ステップ型あるいは凹型を成すとともに、該コア部と前記クラッド部との境界において、該クラッド部に対する比屈折率差がゼロの位置から比屈折率差の最大値の3/4となる位置までの形状をα型の屈折率分布形状で近似した場合に、α値が3.5以上の値となる形状を有し、前記クラッド部は、前記コア部を挟んで対向する位置に、該コア部との最短距離がほぼゼロになるように形成された2つの空孔を有し、
前記コア部のコア径をa(μm)、前記空孔の直径をb(μm)、前記コア部と前記空孔の中心間距離をL(μm)とした場合、W=L−(a+b)/2で表される前記コア部と前記空孔との最短距離W(μm)が、−0.1〜0.2μmであり、
前記コア部のクラッド部に対する最大比屈折率差をΔ(%)とした場合に、a≧−24.221×Δ3+51.718×Δ2−40.786×Δ+16.878を満たすとともに、Δが0.32%以上0.85%以下であり、
前記aは5.5μm以上8μm以下であり、
前記bは10μm以上30μm以下であり、
前記コア部の非円率が10%より小さく、
モード複屈折が1.0×10−4以上であり、
カットオフ波長が1300nm以下であり、
波長1550nmにおける直交する2つの偏波軸における電界基底モードの漏れ損失がいずれも0.01dB/km以下である
ことを特徴とする偏波保持光ファイバ。 - 前記コア部はゲルマニウムが添加されたシリカガラスからなり、前記クラッド部は純シリカガラスからなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の偏波保持光ファイバ。
- 前記Δが0.47%以上であり、
モード複屈折が2.0×10−4以上であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の偏波保持光ファイバ。 - 1500nm以上の波長においてシングルモード動作することを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の偏波保持光ファイバ。
- 前記Δおよび前記aは、a≧−25.065×Δ3+63.802×Δ2−58.165×Δ+23.858を満たし、
曲率半径10mmで曲げた場合の波長1550nmにおけるマクロベンディングロスが0.1dB/m以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の偏波保持光ファイバ。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US83009906P | 2006-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | |
| US83009806P | 2006-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | |
| US60/830,099 | 2006-07-12 | ||
| US60/830,098 | 2006-07-12 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008524841A Division JPWO2008007743A1 (ja) | 2006-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | 偏波保持光ファイバおよび偏波保持光ファイバ接続体の製造方法ならびに偏波保持光ファイバ接続体 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2014197214A JP2014197214A (ja) | 2014-10-16 |
| JP5778316B2 true JP5778316B2 (ja) | 2015-09-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2008524841A Ceased JPWO2008007743A1 (ja) | 2006-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | 偏波保持光ファイバおよび偏波保持光ファイバ接続体の製造方法ならびに偏波保持光ファイバ接続体 |
| JP2014114391A Expired - Fee Related JP5778316B2 (ja) | 2006-07-12 | 2014-06-02 | 偏波保持光ファイバ |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2008524841A Ceased JPWO2008007743A1 (ja) | 2006-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | 偏波保持光ファイバおよび偏波保持光ファイバ接続体の製造方法ならびに偏波保持光ファイバ接続体 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7809223B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2040102A4 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JPWO2008007743A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2008007743A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (175)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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-
2008
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008007743A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| US20080292251A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
| JP2014197214A (ja) | 2014-10-16 |
| JPWO2008007743A1 (ja) | 2009-12-10 |
| US7809223B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 |
| EP2040102A4 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
| EP2040102A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
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