JP7297775B2 - 水素および二酸化炭素の生成および分離のためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
水素および二酸化炭素の生成および分離のためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
CH4+1/2O2 → CO+2H2 部分酸化
CH4+2O2 → CO2+2H2O 燃焼
CH4+H2O → CO+3H2 水蒸気改質
CH4+CO2 → 2CO+2H2 乾燥改質
CO+H2O → CO2+H2 COシフト
Claims (26)
- 水素生成システムであって、
炭化水素供給流および酸素を受け取り、かつH2+COを含む生成ガス流を形成するように構成された反応器ユニットと、
前記H2+COを含む生成ガス流を冷却し、かつ蒸気を形成するように構成された蒸気発生ボイラーと、
前記H2+COを含む生成ガス流を受け取り、かつH2+CO2を含む流れを提供するように構成された少なくとも1つの反応器と、
前記H2+CO2を含む流れを受け取り、かつ実質的に純粋な水素から形成された生成物流を提供すると共にCO2を含む廃ガス流も提供するように構成された圧力スイング吸着装置と、
前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を圧縮するように構成された圧縮機と、
前記CO2を含む廃ガス流から水分を除去するように構成された乾燥機と、
前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を1つ以上の冷却流と接触させて冷却し、かつ前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を二相流として提供するように構成された少なくとも1つの熱交換器と、
前記二相流の膨張により前記二相流を冷却するように構成された少なくとも1つの膨張装置と、
前記二相流を気相流および液相流に分離するように構成された分離器と、
を備える、水素生成システム。 - 前記炭化水素供給流を前記H2+COを含む生成ガス流および前記H2+CO2を含む流れのうちの一方または両方に接触させて加熱するように構成された1つ以上の熱交換器をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 過剰な熱を外部プロセスに伝達するように構成された1つ以上の熱交換器をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記水素生成システムにおいて生成された廃燃料ガス流および蒸気のうちの一方または両方を排出させるように構成された1つ以上のラインをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- ガスタービンへの燃料として実質的に純粋な水素から形成された生成物流の少なくとも一部を送出するように構成された1つ以上のラインをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記反応器ユニットは蒸気+炭化水素+任意にCO2接触改質装置を備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記反応器ユニットは部分酸化ユニットを備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記反応器ユニットは触媒自己熱改質装置を備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記反応器ユニットは自己熱改質装置または部分酸化反応器のいずれかである第1段ユニットを備え、かつ第2段ガス加熱蒸気+炭化水素接触改質装置を備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記反応器ユニットから生成されるH2+CO流の少なくとも一部は、ITM部分酸化反応器において低圧の予熱された供給空気流を用いて生成される、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 外部熱源からの熱を少なくとも前記炭化水素供給流に伝達するように構成された過熱器(熱交換器)をさらに備える、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記反応器ユニットは部分酸化ゾーンおよびガス加熱改質装置からなる複合圧力容器と組み合わせられている、請求項1に記載の水素生成システム。
- 前記部分酸化ゾーンは前記複合圧力容器の底部にあり、かつ前記ガス加熱改質装置は前記複合圧力容器の中間ゾーンにある開放端を有するチューブと前記複合圧力容器の上部にある廃熱ボイラー熱交換器とを備える、請求項12に記載の水素生成システム。
- 水素生成のためのプロセスであって、前記プロセスは、
反応器ユニット内への炭化水素供給流と酸素とを反応させてH2+COを含む生成ガス流を形成することと、
前記H2+COを含む生成ガス流を蒸気発生ボイラーに通して前記H2+COを含む生成ガス流に蒸気を添加することと、
少なくとも1つの反応器において前記H2+COを含む生成ガス流を変換させてH2+CO2を含む流れを形成することと、
圧力スイング吸着装置において前記H2+CO2を含む流れを処理して実質的に純粋な水素から形成された生成物流を提供すると共にCO2を含む廃ガス流も提供することと、
中のCO2の少なくとも50モル%が液体CO2生成物流の中に分離されるように、前記CO2を含む廃ガス流をそこに通すことによって自動冷凍により動作する深冷分離ユニットにおいて前記液体CO2生成物流を形成することと、
前記深冷分離ユニットからの気相流を再循環させることと、
を含む、プロセス。 - 前記自動冷凍により動作する深冷分離ユニットは外部冷媒を使用せずに動作する、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記深冷分離ユニットは、
前記CO2を含む廃ガス流から水分を除去するように構成された乾燥機と、
前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を1つ以上の冷却流と接触させて冷却し、かつ前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を二相流として提供するように構成された少なくとも1つの熱交換器と、
前記二相流の膨張により前記二相流を冷却するように構成された少なくとも1つの膨張装置と、
を備える、請求項14に記載のプロセス。 - 前記深冷分離ユニットは、
前記乾燥機の上流に位置するCO2を含む廃ガス流を圧縮するように構成された圧縮機と、
前記二相流を前記気相流および前記液体CO2生成物流に分離するように構成された分離器と、
をさらに備える、請求項16に記載のプロセス。 - 前記圧力スイング吸着装置において前記H2+CO2を含む流れを処理する前に前記H2+CO2を含む流れからCO2を除去することを含む、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記H2+CO2を含む流れからCO2を除去することは、前記H2+CO2を含む流れから前記除去するCO2を化学もしくは物理溶媒を利用するCO2除去ユニットに通すことを含む、請求項18に記載のプロセス。
- 前記圧力スイング吸着装置から出るCO2を含む廃ガス流の一部を圧縮し、かつ前記反応器ユニットに再循環させて戻す、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記深冷分離ユニットからの気相流の少なくとも一部を前記反応器ユニットに再循環させて戻す、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記深冷分離ユニットからの気相流を第2の圧力スイング吸着により処理して、前記深冷分離ユニットからの気相流の再循環前に前記気相流中に存在するあらゆるH2の少なくとも一部を除去する、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記圧力スイング吸着装置の入口におけるH2+CO2を含む流れの中のアルゴンおよび窒素の総濃度が3モル%~12モル%の範囲になるように、前記H2+CO2を含む流れの前記圧力スイング吸着装置内への進入前に、前記H2+COを含む生成ガス流および前記H2+CO2を含む流れのうちの一方または両方の中に存在するあらゆるアルゴンおよび窒素の少なくとも一部を除去することを含む、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記CO2を含む廃ガス流中のCO2の少なくとも80モル%を前記液体CO2生成物流の中に分離する、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記深冷分離ユニットにおいて前記液体CO2生成物流を形成することは、
前記CO 2 を含む廃ガス流中のCO2の分圧が少なくとも15バール(1.5MPa)であるような圧力で前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を提供することと、
前記CO2を含む廃ガス流の露点を-20℃以下の温度まで低下させるために前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を十分に乾燥させることと、
前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を二相流として提供するために前記CO2を含む廃ガス流を少なくとも1つの熱交換器において冷却することと、
前記二相流の温度を前記二相流の凝固点の15℃以内である温度まで低下させるために前記二相流を膨張させることと、
前記気相流を提供すると共に前記液体CO2生成物流を提供するために前記二相流を分離することと、
を含む、請求項14に記載のプロセス。 - 前記深冷分離ユニットからの気相流は、エコノマイザー熱交換器を有する触媒COシフトユニットに通され、前記気相流はそこに添加された蒸気を有し、前記気相流は次いで触媒反応器に通され、前記蒸気との反応によって含有されているCOの少なくとも一部を変換させてH2+CO2を含むさらなる流れを形成すると共に少なくとも60モル%のH2を含有するガス流を形成する、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
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| US201762583816P | 2017-11-09 | 2017-11-09 | |
| US62/583,816 | 2017-11-09 | ||
| US201862670175P | 2018-05-11 | 2018-05-11 | |
| US62/670,175 | 2018-05-11 | ||
| PCT/IB2018/058833 WO2019092654A2 (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Systems and methods for production and separation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide |
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| AU (1) | AU2018364702B2 (ja) |
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| AU2018364702A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
| US12240758B2 (en) | 2025-03-04 |
| US20190135626A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
| CA3082075A1 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
| KR102651575B1 (ko) | 2024-03-27 |
| CN114538376B (zh) | 2024-07-30 |
| CA3261425A1 (en) | 2025-10-31 |
| US20210323818A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
| CN111526935A (zh) | 2020-08-11 |
| US12054388B2 (en) | 2024-08-06 |
| JP2021502539A (ja) | 2021-01-28 |
| WO2019092654A2 (en) | 2019-05-16 |
| US11066298B2 (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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| AU2018364702B2 (en) | 2024-01-11 |
| WO2019092654A3 (en) | 2019-07-18 |
| US20240351874A1 (en) | 2024-10-24 |
| KR20200078624A (ko) | 2020-07-01 |
| CN114538376A (zh) | 2022-05-27 |
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