JP7555901B2 - 炭素コーティング粒子 - Google Patents
炭素コーティング粒子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7555901B2 JP7555901B2 JP2021215074A JP2021215074A JP7555901B2 JP 7555901 B2 JP7555901 B2 JP 7555901B2 JP 2021215074 A JP2021215074 A JP 2021215074A JP 2021215074 A JP2021215074 A JP 2021215074A JP 7555901 B2 JP7555901 B2 JP 7555901B2
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Description
本件は、全体が参照により本開示に組み入れられる、2015年4月30日に出願された米国仮出願第62/155142号(表題:カーボンコーティング粒子並びにその製造及び使用方法)、及び2016年3月7日に出願された米国仮出願第62/304694号(表題:炭素コーティングプラズマカーボンブラック)に対する優先権を主張する。
シリカコア材料を、既に製造されたシリカコア粒子の形態において供給することができる。未使用の材料又は回収された廃棄生成物を用いることができる。
CH4(g)→C(s)+H2(g)。
実験は、図1に示されるようなCB反応器を用いてパイロットプラントにおいて実施された。ランA、B及びCの条件は、表1に示される。
天然に存在するナノシリカドメインを約20%含有する粉砕されたもみ殻粒子は、質量損失フィーダー(Schenck Process、Chagrin Falls、OHにより製造されたSchenck AccuRate Mechatron MC Feeder)により、燃焼ゾーンに供給された予熱された空気に向けて、図1のストリーム5に加えられる。空気は25%酸素まで高められる。プロセスは、図1に示されるような反応器内で実施される。粒子は、燃焼ゾーンを通して運ばれ、空気ダクト、及び特に燃焼ゾーン両方において高温及び過剰な酸素の存在のために、もみ殻中の外部炭素質材料のかなりの部分が、シリカの小ドメインを残しつつ気化される。これらの粒子は、燃焼ガスと共に反応ゾーン(図1のゾーン3)に運ばれる。CB FSは、流れに直交するストリーム6を介して燃焼ガスストリーム中に噴霧され、気化され、その後核形成及び熱分解が起こり始める。燃焼ゾーンでの大量のシリカ粒子の存在のために、堆積は核形成より有利であり、形成されるCBの大部分は、既存のシリカ粒子の上にコーティングとして堆積される。反応混合物は、水により下流(ゾーン8)でクエンチされて、コーティング粒子は冷却され、熱分解反応は停止される。結果は、主にシリカで構成された内部とCBの外部コーティングとを含む粒子である。表2は、反応器への種々の投入流量を示す。
160m2/gの表面積を有するPSを、適切な界面活性剤と共にせん断混合タンク内でCB FSと混合し、30質量%PSのスラリーを製造する。プロセスは、図1に示されるような反応器内で実施される。燃焼燃料は、燃焼ゾーン1内の過剰の空気により燃やされ、高温生成物ガスは、下流の反応ゾーン3に運ばれる。CB FS/PSスラリーは、圧力下で、燃焼ガス流に垂直に、ストリーム6を通して反応器に注入される。FSは、シリカ後方の多孔質液的形状ドメインを残しつつ、始めに気化される。気化されたCB FSが熱分解し、凝縮し始めた際、シリカ粒子の上への堆積は核形成を支配し、形成されるCBの大部分は、既存のシリカ粒子の上のコーティングである。反応混合物は、水により下流(ゾーン8)でクエンチされて、コーティング粒子は冷却され、熱分解反応は停止される。表3は、反応器への種々の投入流量を示す。
再生熱分解炭素粒子は、質量損失フィーダー(Schenck Process、Chagrin Falls、OHにより製造されたSchenck AccuRate Mechatron MC Feeder)により、燃焼ゾーンに供給された予熱された空気(図1のストリーム5)に向けて、反応器の上流に加えられる。空気は25%酸素まで高められる。粒子は、燃焼ゾーンを通して運ばれ、空気ダクト、及び特に燃焼ゾーン両方において高温及び過剰な酸素の存在のために、粒子のかなりの部分が、燃焼ガスストリーム中に残っている粒子の幾らかの部分を残しつつ気化される。燃焼ゾーンで消費される炭素は、燃焼燃料として天然ガスと置き換わる。粒子は、燃焼ガスと共に反応ゾーン(図1のゾーン3)に運ばれる。CB FSは、流れに直交するストリーム6を介して燃焼ガスストリーム中に噴霧され、気化され、その後核形成及び熱分解が起こり始める。炭素コーティングは、再生熱分解炭素コアの上に堆積される。反応混合物は、水により下流(ゾーン8)でクエンチされて、コーティング粒子は冷却され、熱分解反応は停止される。結果は、主に再生熱分解炭素で構成された内部とCBの外部コーティングとを含む粒子である。表4は、反応器への種々の投入流量を与える。
湿潤ケーキの形態で約160m2/gの表面積(SA)を有するPSは、流体エネルギーミルを用いて粉砕される。粉砕された材料は、空気又は窒素等のガスであることができるストリーム10を通して燃焼ゾーンに運ばれる。水は、燃焼反応から熱により追い出され、シリカ粒子は、燃焼ガス流に同伴される。CB FSは、燃焼流に直交するストリーム6を介して燃焼ガスストリーム中に噴霧され、気化され、その後核形成及び熱分解が起こり始める。炭素コーティングは、PSコアの上に堆積される。反応混合物は、水により下流(ゾーン8)でクエンチされて、コーティング粒子は冷却され、熱分解反応は停止される。結果は、主にシリカで構成された内部とCBの外部コーティングとを含む粒子である。反応器への種々の投入流量は、図5に示される。
図3に示されるようなプラズマ反応器において、500Nm3/hの水素流がポート107を通して加えられる。電極(108)は2.0MWの電力を供給され、高温プラズマガスを作り出す。高温プラズマガスは、直径2.5インチの縮小部(スロート)120に速度を増加させつつ通過させる。注入位置13において、150kg/hの液体炭化水素FSが、放射状に配置された3つの加圧されたノズル(各々0.5mmのオリフィスを有する、700psig)を通して流れている高温プラズマガスに加えられる。用いられる液体炭素FSは、デカントオイル(市販で入手可能なCB FS)である。高温プラズマガスと混合した際、液体炭化水素FSは熱分解を受けてCB及び水素ガスを形成する。高温H2と他の排ガスと、CBとの混合物は、次いで、収束ゾーン116及び3インチの直径を有する縮小部(スロート)122を通して加速され、75kg/hの液体炭素FS(またデカントオイル)の位置114における第二の注入は、3つの放射状に配置された加圧された先端(各々0.4mmのオリフィスを有する、400psig)を通して混合物に加えられる。このCBとH2への第二のFS熱分解は、ゾーン110内で形成されたプラズマCBコア粒子を優先的にコーティングし、その質量を増加させ、その表面積を減少させ、その構造を増大させる。
図3に示されるようなプラズマ反応器において、500Nm3/hの水素流がポート107を通して加えられる。電極(108)は2.0MWの電力を供給され、高温プラズマガスを作り出す。高温プラズマガスは、直径2.5インチの縮小部(スロート)120に速度を増加させつつ通過させる。位置113において、440Nm3/hのメタンが、3つの放射状に配置された各々直径6.5mmの注入ポートを通してプラズマガス中に注入される。プラズマガスとの衝突及び混合の際、メタンは熱分解を受けてCB及び水素ガスを形成する。高温H2と他の排ガスと、CBとの混合物は、次いで、収束ゾーン116及び3インチの直径を有する縮小部(スロート)122を通して加速され、75kg/hの液体炭素FS(またデカントオイル)の位置114における第二の注入は、3つの放射状に配置された加圧された先端(各々0.4mmのオリフィスを有する、400psig)を通して混合物に加えられる。このCBとH2への第二のFS熱分解は、ゾーン110内で形成されたプラズマCBコア粒子を優先的にコーティングし、その質量を増加させ、その表面積を減少させ、その構造を増大させる。
Claims (7)
- ファーネス型カーボンブラック反応器内で炭素層によりコア粒子をコーティングして、炭素コーティング粒子を形成することを含み、前記コア粒子が非炭素コア粒子、プラズマカーボンブラックコア粒子又は予め形成されたコア粒子であり、前記予め形成されたコア粒子が、前記ファーネス型カーボンブラック反応器への導入の前に形成されており、前記炭素層がカーボンブラックを含み、そして前記炭素層が、
a)ファーネス型カーボンブラック反応器、あるいは、
b)カーボンブラック反応器の仕上げゾーンであって、(b1)前記コーティングは、900℃~3000℃の温度で行われるか、または、(b2)前記炭素層が、1種もしくは2種以上のC1~C4炭化水素の熱分解によって形成される、仕上げゾーン、
の中で行われる熱分解コーティングプロセスで生成される、
炭素コーティング粒子の熱分解による製造方法。 - 前記コア粒子が、予め形成されたコア粒子であり、前記予め形成されたコア粒子が、カーボンブラックコア粒子、再生熱分解炭素粒子、非炭素コア粒子、又はこれらの任意の組み合わせである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- プラズマカーボンブラックコア粒子又は非炭素コア粒子であるコア粒子をインサイチューで生成すること;及び
前記コア粒子を、900℃~3000℃の温度で行われるカーボンブラック熱分解プロセスにおいて、炭素層によりコーティングして、炭素コーティング粒子を形成すること、または1種もしくは2種以上のC1~C4炭化水素の熱分解によって、炭素層によりコーティングして、炭素コーティング粒子を形成すること
を含む、炭素コーティング粒子の調製方法。 - 前記非炭素コア粒子がシリカコア粒子である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記コア粒子が、一次粒子のアグリゲートである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記炭素コーティング粒子が、30~250m2/gの範囲内のSTSA;及び55~400cc/100gの範囲内のOANを有する、請求項1または3に記載の方法。
- 前記炭素コーティング粒子の表面を修飾することさらに含む、請求項1または3に記載の方法。
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| US11692081B2 (en) | 2023-07-04 |
| US20200190288A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
| US10519298B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 |
| WO2016176237A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| JP2024127902A (ja) | 2024-09-20 |
| US20160319110A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| US20220056241A1 (en) | 2022-02-24 |
| US11198774B2 (en) | 2021-12-14 |
| CA2983470C (en) | 2021-07-06 |
| CN107709472B (zh) | 2021-05-18 |
| JP2020128548A (ja) | 2020-08-27 |
| JP2018522996A (ja) | 2018-08-16 |
| JP2024159759A (ja) | 2024-11-08 |
| BR112017023407B1 (pt) | 2023-02-07 |
| BR112017023407A2 (pt) | 2018-07-24 |
| JP2022048155A (ja) | 2022-03-25 |
| JP7087019B2 (ja) | 2022-06-20 |
| DE112016001963B4 (de) | 2024-06-27 |
| FR3035657A1 (fr) | 2016-11-04 |
| CA2983470A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| FR3035657B1 (fr) | 2021-12-03 |
| WO2016176237A9 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
| CN107709472A (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
| DE112016001963T5 (de) | 2018-01-18 |
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