JPH0111407Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field This invention is an improvement of a device that supplies cutting fluid from the center of a pull rod member inserted into the main shaft to tools that require cutting fluid in machining centers and boring machines. The present invention relates to a spindle device.

Prior art Oil hole tools are used when cutting fluid is required to be supplied from inside the tool, but in the past, oil hole tools were often supplied via piping from outside the spindle, and the rotary joint in the tool holder was Machining using high-speed, high-pressure oil hole tools has been a problem, as the rotation speed and pressure resistance are limiting factors. For this reason, there are known structures in which the cutting fluid is supplied from the center of the spindle or from the center hole of a drawbar inserted through the spindle. A spool is provided that slides within the collect chuck that engages the pull stud end of the tool holder to pull up the pull stud, and when the tool holder is attached to or removed from the spindle, contact with the pull stud shaft end causes the passage of the spool to be closed. Some tools are equipped with a check valve that opens and closes the tool holder to prevent cutting fluid from spewing out when the tool holder is not attached. However, since no measures have been taken to prevent cutting fluid from leaking when a tool that does not require cutting fluid is installed, if a tool holder is installed, the check valve will open regardless of whether cutting fluid is needed and the cutting fluid will leak out. This caused a problem in that the cutting fluid leaked out if the cutting fluid pump was operated erroneously or with an incorrect signal.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Therefore, in view of the above, the present invention closes the cutting fluid flow path when installing a tool that does not require cutting fluid, and prevents the cutting fluid pump from being operated due to erroneous operation or erroneous signals. In order to prevent the cutting fluid from leaking, it is also important to reduce the leakage of the cutting fluid that has accumulated inside the spindle.

Means for Solving the Problems A first check valve having a first valve seat within the forward end thereof is biased to a forward end position within the drawbar member.
A valve barrel, a first spherical body that closes the first valve seat, and a first spherical pusher barrel that biases the first spherical body in the closing direction within the first valve barrel and has an axial liquid path. , second
A check valve is disposed within the pull rod member, and includes a coupling tube that is biased to have a central hole following the first valve tube and has a central hole with a tapered end protruding from the pull rod member, and a second valve seat inside the first valve seat. and a valve part that is fixed to the coupling tube and has an axial fluid path and closes the second valve seat when the coupling tube is pushed by fitting a tool member that does not require cutting fluid and does not require cutting fluid. When the tool member is fitted, the second valve seat becomes a second valve cylinder having a protrusion that pushes the first sphere to open the first valve seat when the second valve seat is in an open state, and further has an axial liquid path, A third check valve includes a third valve seat in the coupling cylinder on the opposite side of the valve portion of the second valve cylinder, and a second sphere that closes the third valve seat.
The second pressure is applied into the coupling cylinder with a force smaller than the cutting fluid pressure.
It is made up of a second spherical pusher which urges the spherical body in the closing direction and has a liquid path in the axial direction.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. The main shaft 3, which is rotatably supported on the main shaft sleeve 1 by bearings 2, has a taper hole 3b for fitting the taper shank of the tool at the tip of the center through hole 3a, and a relief groove 3c for the collect chuck for gripping the pull stud. has been done. This center hole 3a has a drawbar 4 with a cutting fluid flow path 4a in the center.
is inserted through the sleeve so as to be movable in the axial direction, and a sleeve 5 is screwed onto the tip thereof. The end of the sleeve 5 is formed with an engaging portion 5e that engages with the jaws 6a on the swing fulcrum side of the plurality of collets 6 of the collet chuck that grips the pull stud of the tool holder. A spring ring 7 surrounds the collet 6 on the pivot center side, and is accommodated in the center hole 3a by acting in a direction to open the grip portion 6b. The outer peak 6c of the grip 6b of the collet 6 is closed by being pressed by the hole in the main shaft, and is opened by fitting into the groove 3c. The center of the sleeve 5 has holes 5a, 5 whose diameters become smaller in sequence.
The holes 5a, 5c, and 5d are drilled, and the hole 5a has an internal thread, which is screwed into the thread at the tip of the drawbar 4. The valve cylinder 8 of the first check valve is inserted into the hole 5b.
The flange portion 8a of the valve cylinder 8 is slidably fitted into the hole 5 by a spring 9 interposed between the valve cylinder 8 and the spring retainer 26.
It is located at the forward position defined by hole steps b and 5c, and has a through hole 8b bored in its center, and has an inner valve seat 8c and an outer valve seat 8d formed at its tip. A sphere 10 that closes the inner valve seat and forms a first check valve is inserted into the through hole 8b, and a ball pusher 11 that has a liquid flow path 11a in the axial direction and is slidably installed inside the ball presser cylinder 11 is attached to a spring 12. The sphere 10 is pressed so as to close the inner valve seat. Hole 5c of sleeve 5
The coupling cylinder 13, in which the large diameter part is loosely fitted in the hole 5d and the small diameter part is slidably fitted in the hole 5d, moves forward as defined by the hole step by a spring 14 interposed between the valve cylinder 8 and the flange 8a. A stepped through hole 13a is located at the center of the hole.
is bored, and the front end is formed with a conical surface 13b that comes into contact with the pull stud of the tool. A valve cylinder 15 is fitted into the hole 13a, and its rear end forms a second check valve with the outer valve seat 8d of the valve cylinder 8, so that when a tool that does not require cutting fluid is fitted onto the main shaft 3, it comes into close contact with the valve cylinder 15. A conical valve part 15a is formed to close the hole, and when a tool that requires cutting fluid is fitted to the main shaft 3, the ball 10 is pushed and the second check valve is opened. A protrusion 15b long enough to open the first check valve is provided, a valve seat 15c is formed at the front end, a liquid flow path 15d is bored in the axial direction, and the two are connected by a snap spring 16 to prevent movement in the axial direction. It is attached integrally with the cylinder 13. Hole 13a
A sphere 17 that contacts the valve seat 15c of the valve cylinder 15 is inserted into the valve cylinder 15 to form a third check valve, and a ball pusher cylinder 18 in which a liquid flow path 18a is bored in the axial direction is pushed by a spring 19 to form a sphere. 17 is blocking the valve seat.
The holder 21 for a tool that requires cutting fluid, which is fitted into the taper hole 3b of the main shaft 3 configured as described above, has a through hole 2 for a liquid flow path in the center of the taper shank 21a.
1b is bored and a pull stud 22 is screwed onto the screw 21c at the shank end. pull stud 22
has a neck surface 22e that engages with the gripping part 6b of the collet 6 at the end, and a through hole 22 that forms a liquid flow path in the center.
a is bored, and the opening of this hole 22a is connected to the coupling cylinder 13.
A female conical surface 22b that engages with the conical surface 13b is formed, and a thread 22c is formed following the conical surface 22b. Also, a valve seat 22d is located in the center of the hole 22a.
is formed and a sphere 23 is inserted to form a fourth check valve.
2d and closes the valve. In the case of a tool that does not require cutting fluid, a plug 25 whose head has a conical surface that fits into the conical surface 22b is screwed onto the screw 22c of the pull stud 22 to block the fluid flow path, as shown in FIG. There is.

Function Next, the function of the present invention will be explained. Now assume that the tool holder is not fitted into the taper hole 3b of the spindle 3 (FIG. 2). The drawbar 4 is moving forward, the outer peak 6c of the gripping portion of the collet 6 fits into the groove 3c of the hole in the main shaft, and the collet chuck is opened by the spring ring 7. Since the coupling cylinder 13 and the valve cylinder 8 are respectively located at the forward end due to the force of the spring 14 and the force of the spring 9, the valve cylinder 15 moves forward together, and the valve part 15a becomes the outer valve of the valve cylinder 8. seat 8d
Therefore, the protrusion 15b is also separated from the sphere 10, and the sphere 10 is pressed against the inner valve seat 8c by the ball pusher 11 pushed by the spring 12, and the first check valve closes the hole to prevent leakage of cutting fluid. I have to. Also, the valve seat 15c and the sphere 17 in the coupling cylinder 13 are connected to the spring 19.
The hole of the third check valve is closed by the ball-pushing tube 18 pushed by the valve cylinder 18, and the cutting fluid accumulated in the hole 5c and the flow path of the valve cylinder 15 is prevented from leaking. Tool holder 2 for tools that require cutting fluid in this state
1 is attached to the tapered hole 3b of the main shaft 3 (the third
The conical surface 13b of the connecting tube 13 engages with the conical hole 22b of the pull stud 22, and the connecting tube 13 is pushed in. Since spring 9 is stronger than spring 12, valve cylinder 1
The protrusion 15b at the tip of the ball presser 1 pushes the ball 10.
1 compresses the spring 12, the valve portion 15a comes into contact with the outer valve seat 8d of the valve cylinder 8, and the valve cylinder 8 compresses the spring 9 and retreats together with the coupling cylinder 13. The sphere 10 is the inner valve seat 8
When the valve part 15a moves away from the outer valve seat 8d, the first and second check valves temporarily open, but since the sphere 17 is pressed against the valve seat 15c, no liquid flows out.The valve part 15a immediately closes the outer valve seat 8d, and the second check valve opens. A check valve prevents liquid from flowing out. Next, when the drawbar 4 is pulled by a drive device (not shown), the integrated sleeve 5
The engaging portion 5e at the end engages with the jaw 6a of the collet 6 and is moved back together, and the ridge 6c at the end of the collet 6 comes out of the groove 3c in the main shaft 3, and the gripping portion 6b of the collet 6 engages with the neck of the pull stud 22. The taper shank 21a of the tool holder 21 is fitted into the taper hole 3b of the main shaft 3 by connecting to the surface 22e of the tool holder 21 and pulling it.
As the drawbar 4 retreats, the stepped portions of the holes 5b and 5c come into contact with the side surface of the flange 8a of the valve cylinder 8, causing the valve cylinder 8 to move back together and the outer valve seat 8d and the valve portion 15a of the valve cylinder 15 to separate. The sphere 10 is the protrusion 1 of the valve cylinder 15
5b, the check valve is kept separated from the inner valve seat 8c, and both the first and second check valves are opened, allowing the cutting fluid to flow out. When the main shaft 3 is positioned at the cutting position, a switching valve (not shown) is opened.
High-pressure cutting fluid is sent through the flow path 4a within the drawbar 4. The liquid is sent to the hole 5b in which the spring 9 is inserted, and is passed through the chamber of the spring 12 of the valve cylinder 8 and the flow path 11 of the ball pusher cylinder 11.
a. Holes of inner and outer valve seats 8c and 8d, hole 5c, valve cylinder 15
From the flow path 15d, the third check valve formed by the sphere 17 and the valve seat 15c is opened by retracting the ball pusher 18 against the force of the spring 19 and opening the hole 18 of the ball pusher 18.
a. Pass through the hole 22a of the pull stud 22 through the hole 13a of the connecting cylinder, open the fourth check valve formed by the ball 23 and the valve seat 22d against the force of the spring 24, and insert the hole of a tool (not shown) through the hole 21b of the shank. It is supplied to the cutting site. Next, when the drawbar 4 is advanced to pull out the tool holder 21, the state shown in FIG. 3 is reached, and the drawbar 4 further advances slightly and comes into contact with the pull stud, applying a shock to the tool holder and loosening the fitting surface of the taper, thereby removing the tool holder. When the cutting fluid is removed, the state shown in FIG. 2 is reached, and the outflow of the cutting fluid is blocked as if it had moved forward. Tool holder 21
When the holder is removed, the cutting fluid inside the holder becomes the sphere 23.
The fourth check valve on the valve seat 22d reduces leakage of liquid into the main shaft.

If the tool does not require cutting fluid, a plug 25 is installed in the taper hole of the pull stud with the coupling cylinder 13, and when the tool holder is installed in the taper hole 3b of the spindle 3 (Fig. 5), the coupling cylinder 13 The tip is plugged 25
The valve cylinder 1 of the coupling cylinder 13 is pressed into contact with the end face of the valve cylinder 1.
The protrusion 15b of 5 pushes the sphere 10 against the force of the spring 12 and separates it from the inner valve seat 8c, and the valve seat 15a abuts against the outer valve seat 8d of the valve cylinder 8 and pushes the valve cylinder 8 against the force of the spring 9. to retreat. Next, when the draw bar 4 is pulled by a drive device (not shown), the collet 6 is also pulled, and the grip part 6b pulls in the neck surface 22e of the pull stud 22, and the shank 2 is pulled into the tapered hole 3c.
1a is fitted. (Fig. 6) When the drawbar 4 is pulled, the sleeve 5 is also pulled, and the positions of the hole in the sleeve 5, the coupling cylinder 13, and the valve cylinder 8 are shifted relative to each other, but the valve part 15a is located outside the valve seat of the valve cylinder 8. 8c
The relationship in which the second check valve is closed due to contact with the second check valve remains unchanged, and the liquid is prevented from flowing out by the second and third check valves.

Effects As detailed above, the present invention has three check valves installed near the collector of the tension member, which prevents leakage when no tool is installed and when using a tool that does not require cutting fluid. This has the effect of eliminating leakage of cutting fluid due to operation of the cutting fluid pump due to erroneous operation or malfunction, and extremely reducing leakage of fluid within the spindle when the tool is removed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a tool that requires cutting fluid when the drawbar is pulled and fitted onto the main shaft.
Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the center of the spindle when no tool is attached to the spindle, Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the center of the spindle when a tool that requires cutting fluid is attached to the spindle, Figure 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a pull stud that does not require cutting fluid, Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the center part of the spindle when it is installed on the spindle of a tool that does not require cutting fluid, and Figure 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the pull stud when it is fitted. FIG. 3... Main shaft, 4... Drawbar, 5... Sleeve, 6... Collet, 8... Valve tube, 10... Sphere, 13... Connection tube, 15... Valve stem, 17... Sphere, 21... ...Tool holder, 22...Pull stud, 23...Sphere.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The first check valve supplies cutting fluid from the center hole of the pull rod members 4 and 5 which pull in the pull stud of the tool, which is removably attached to the tapered end of the hole inserted into the center hole of the main shaft, through the collector. a first valve barrel 8 which is biased to the forward end position within the pull rod member and has a first valve seat 8c on the inside of the front end; a first sphere 10 which closes the first valve seat; A first spherical cylinder 11 biases the first sphere 10 in the closing direction and has an axial fluid path, and a second check valve is provided in the pull rod member with a tapered continuation of the first valve cylinder 8. A coupling cylinder 13 having a central hole whose end is urged to protrude from the pull rod member, a second valve seat 8d on the back side of the first valve seat, and a coupling cylinder fixed to the coupling cylinder and having an axial liquid passage. When the coupling cylinder is pressed by fitting a tool member that does not require cutting fluid, the second
It has a valve part 15a that closes the valve seat, and also has a protrusion that pushes the first sphere 10 to open the first valve seat when the second valve seat is in an open state when a tool member that requires cutting fluid is fitted. The second valve cylinder 15 has a liquid path in the axial direction, and the third check valve has a third valve seat 15c on the opposite side of the valve portion of the second valve cylinder in the coupling cylinder.
a second spherical body 17 that closes the third valve seat; and a second spherical pusher cylinder that urges the second spherical body in the closing direction with a force smaller than the cutting fluid pressure in the coupling cylinder and has an axial liquid path. 18. A spindle device having a cutting fluid supply function.