JPH0112643B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for forming a concrete product having a projecting portion integrally projecting from a plate portion, and an apparatus for forming the same.

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, when pouring concrete into a forming form at a concrete product manufacturing factory, in order to spread the concrete to every corner of the internal space of the form,
Vibration is applied exclusively to the formwork.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> There is no problem with simple products, but complex products tend to have defects that the concrete cannot reach, no matter how much vibration is applied.

For this reason, designers are required to design formwork that does not cause defects, and some formwork are slanted or have two concrete injection holes. However, many products still have defects, and the current situation is that the products are inspected and repaired to eliminate defects.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present inventor conducted fundamental research on concrete pouring and defect occurrence. Although applying vibration is effective in increasing the fluidity of concrete and making it penetrate into every corner, it does not work to release the air that has been forced into the corners of the formwork, and there are measures to be taken to release this air. The present invention was developed with an eye to the fact that defects cannot be eliminated unless they are removed, and the method for forming a concrete product according to this invention involves starting from the forming part of the plate part to the forming part of the protruding part having a concrete injection port at the upper end. A formwork with an upwardly protruding part is placed and fixed on a vibration table, and the formwork and the vibration table are tilted to the right or left with respect to the longitudinal direction of the molded part of the protrusion. After filling the molded part of the plate part with concrete from the injection port, formwork,
Tilt the shaking table in the opposite direction and pour concrete from the injection port again to fill the remaining part of the molded part of the plate part, and fill the molded part of the protrusion with concrete either as it is or in a horizontal position. It is characterized by

Further, in the concrete product forming apparatus according to the present invention, a formwork in which a forming part of a projecting part having a concrete injection port at the upper end projects upward from a forming part of a plate part is removably placed and fixed on a pallet. , a concrete product in which the protruding part protrudes integrally from the plate part which inclines the formwork to the right or left with respect to the longitudinal direction of the molded part of the protruding part, injects concrete into the formwork from the injection port, and solidifies it. The forming apparatus is characterized in that an interruption part is provided in the middle of the conveyance path of the pallet,
A base frame is fixed to the lower part of the interrupted part, and a support frame supported by the base frame is provided on the base frame so that it can take a horizontal position and a forward and reverse tilted position downward to the left and downward to the right. A vibration table for mounting and relaying the pallets sent along the conveyance path is installed on the support frame via a buffer mechanism, and groove-shaped members are provided along the traveling direction on both edges of the lower surface of the pallet. Installation: A vibrator is installed on the bottom surface of the vibration table, and on both sides of the top surface, movable rollers for conveying the grooves on the pallet move up and down together, and by lowering the idle rollers, the grooves are moved to the top surface. It is characterized by the provision of a fluid pressure clamp that holds it in place.

The above-mentioned tilting operation for tilting the formwork takes into account the shape of the product and the inside of the formwork, the fluidity of concrete, and the pouring speed. Do this so that when there is no way for air to escape, it will be completely filled.

<Example> Figures 1 to 3 are explanatory diagrams showing the molding method according to the present invention, in which M is a formwork, 1 is a vibration table, 2 is a base frame, and 3 is a concrete charging device.

In this case, the formwork M for forming a concrete product is for making a product in which two vertical protrusions 11 stand on one side of a plate part 10, and a forming part 4 of the plate part and a part extending upward from the forming part 4. It is provided with molded parts 5L and 5R of two protruding parts on the left and right having a concrete injection port at the upper end, and after solidifying the concrete poured inside, the bottom plate of the molded part 4 of the plate part is removed and the product is demolded. When the product is in use, the surface in contact with the bottom plate becomes the surface, so concrete is poured with this side facing down to obtain a dense surface.

Conventionally, in the posture shown in Fig. 1, the molded part 5 of the protrusion
Although concrete was injected from the injection port at the upper end of one or both of L and 5R, it was difficult to avoid producing the defect A on the upper side of the plate part 10. This was not due to a lack of fluidity in the concrete, but was a defect due to trapped air, and no matter how much the vibration was strengthened, it would not go away.

According to this invention, when the formwork M placed on the shaking table 1 is tilted to either the left or the right as shown in FIG. Starting from the lower left end of the 10 molded parts 4, the molded parts 4 are filled while expelling air to the right. When the formwork is tilted downward to the left as shown in Fig. 2, concrete may be poured from the top of the molded part 5R of the right protrusion from the beginning, but since the left end of the plate part 10 is far away,
First, inject from the molded part 5L of the left protrusion,
Thereafter, the movable outlet of the injection device 3 may be moved toward the molded portion 5R of the right protrusion, or two outlets may be provided for simultaneous injection.

Filling the concrete on the downward left slope in Figure 2 is as shown in the figure, without blocking the lower ends of the molded part 5L of the left protrusion and the molded part 5R of the right protrusion, and then fill the left plate with concrete. This is the inside of the left side of the molded part 4.

Next, as shown in Fig. 3, the formwork M and the shaking table 1 are tilted in the opposite direction, and concrete is poured onto the right side of the molded part 4 of the plate part that does not contain concrete and the molded part 5R of the protrusion on the right side. inject. Due to this inclination, the concrete flowing from the upper end of the molded part 5R of the right protrusion first fills the inner right end of the molded part 4 of the plate part, and expels air from the molded part 5R of the right protrusion along the upper surface. However, both molded parts 4 and 5R are completely filled.

In other words, since concrete is heavy, it flows lower,
There is no difficulty in implementing this method, as all you have to do is tilt the formwork to match the theory that air escapes to higher elevations, and then use the appropriate method of pouring concrete.
However, since the level of concrete filling cannot be seen from the outside, it is best to use a concrete flow meter and change the slope after pouring the pre-calculated amount, although this is not shown in the diagram. If concrete overflows into the injection port,
You can see that it is completely filled.

Concrete products come in a variety of shapes, but the trick is to pour the concrete at an angle so that air can be expelled from the top surface of the board, which is prone to cavities, toward the molded part of the protrusion that has an injection port at the top end. be.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the molding apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
This will be explained with reference to FIG. The aforementioned formwork M is placed on a pallet 6, and is transferred from the roller conveyor 7 shown in FIG. 6 onto the vibrating table 1 located at the interruption 7' of the conveyor.
The pallet 6 has tightening screws 12 on its upper surface for fixing the formwork, and a pair of groove members 13 made of channel steel along the direction of movement on both sides of the lower surface, and clamps on both sides of the upper surface of the vibration table 1. At 8, the pair of channel members are pressed down and fixed on the vibration table. This clamp is special, and when the clamp arm is raised, the floating rollers 9 on the upper surface of the arm support the pallet 6 from below, and function similarly to the roller conveyor 7.

Two vibrators 14 are fixed to the bottom surface of the vibrating table 1 so as to rotate in horizontal and reverse directions. This limits the vibration of the vibration table 1 to horizontal vibration, and has a great effect on noise prevention.

In this case, the shaking table 1 has a tunnel-shaped support frame 2
A base frame 2, which is attached to the side column a via a leaf spring 15 and installed at the lower part of the interrupted part of the roller conveyor 7, supports the vibration table 1 upwardly via a support frame 2a. The support frame 2a is a tilting shaft 16 on the base frame 2.
It is horizontally supported by a tilting device with upward hydraulic cylinders 17 on both sides, and can be tilted downward to the left or downward to the right as necessary. The operation part is not shown because it is well known, but for example, when the handle is placed in the neutral position, the oil passages to both cylinders 17 are closed.
When tilted to the left, pressure oil should be sent to the right cylinder 17, and when tilted to the right, pressure oil should be sent to the left. Of course, once it reaches its maximum inclination, it should be able to be stopped with a stopper, and if possible, a servo mechanism should be added.
It can be used as long as the inclination of the handle matches the inclination of the formwork and vibration table.

Although the concrete charging device is omitted in FIGS. 5 and 6, any known concrete charging device may be used, and it is preferable that the outlet thereof be movable. Furthermore, if equipment for quantifying the amount of poured concrete or equipment for measuring the flow rate is attached, it is possible to reliably change the slope when the appropriate amount of concrete has been poured, as shown in Fig. 2, rather than depending on the intuition of the operator. However, with some skill, workers can use their intuition to change the slope when half the required amount of concrete is poured.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the molding method of the present invention is not limited to the use of the apparatus shown in the drawings, and the invention of the molding apparatus can also be carried out as shown in the drawings. The examples are not limited. In particular, the tilting device of the molding device can be varied in various ways using known techniques, and when the tilting angle is relatively small, the tilting shaft 16 is not used as shown in FIG. The support frame 2a may be supported via left and right pillow-shaped vibration isolating rubbers 18, and either of the vibration isolating rubbers may be compressed and tilted.

<Effects of the Invention> This invention investigates the cause of frequent defects in concrete products made of formwork in which the molded part of the protruding part having a concrete injection port at the upper end protrudes upward from the molded part of the plate part, and solves the problem. However, this is not due to lack of fluidity of the concrete, but is due to air entrapment, and this air entrapment is
During pouring of concrete, the formwork is tilted to the right or left with respect to the longitudinal direction of the molded part of the protrusion, so that the air in the molded part of the plate always circulates upward, and the injection port at the upper end of the molded part of the protrusion is poured. We have demonstrated that this can be prevented by escaping from the ground. As a result, according to the molding method of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a product with no defects on the top surface of the plate, eliminating the need for repairs, improving the quality of the product,
It greatly contributes to quality control.

Further, the forming apparatus of the present invention is provided with a concrete feeding device and a vibration table with a tilting device at the interrupted part of the formwork conveyance path, and by the principle of the forming method of the present invention, it is possible to produce products without defects on the upper surface of the plate part. This is a mass production line that can produce high quality, uniform products in large quantities.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 are explanatory diagrams showing the molding method of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a front view of another embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5. In the figure, 1 is a shaking table, 2 is a base frame, 2a is a support frame,
3 is a concrete feeding device, 4 is a forming part of the plate part of the formwork, 5L and 5R are forming parts of the protruding part of the formwork,
6 is a pallet, 7 is a roller conveyor (pallet conveyance path), 8 is a hydraulic clamp, 9 is a floating roller of the clamp, 10 is a plate of the product, 11 is a protrusion of the product, 13 is a groove on both edges of the lower surface of the pallet 14 is a vibrator, 15 is a leaf spring (buffer mechanism), 16 is a tilting shaft, and 17 is a tilting hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A formwork in which a molded part of a projecting part having a concrete injection port at the upper end protrudes upward from a molded part of a plate part is placed and fixed on a vibration table, and the mold is placed on a vibration table. Both of them are tilted to the right or left with respect to the longitudinal direction of the molded part of the protruding part, and after filling the molded part of the plate part on the lowered side by pouring concrete from the injection port, the formwork, vibration Tilt the table in the opposite direction and pour concrete through the injection port again to fill the remaining part of the molded part of the plate, either as it is or in a horizontal position to fill the molded part of the protrusion with concrete. A method of forming a concrete product in which a protruding part integrally protrudes from a plate part. 2 A formwork with a molded part of the protruding part having a concrete injection hole at the upper end protruding upward from the molded part of the plate part is removably placed and fixed on the pallet, and this formwork is attached to the molded part of the protruding part. A concrete product forming device in which a protrusion integrally protrudes from a plate portion that injects concrete into the formwork from the injection port at an angle to the right or left with respect to the longitudinal direction of the concrete product, and solidifies the concrete, which conveys the pallet. Set up a break in the middle of the road,
A base frame is fixed to the lower part of the interrupted part, and a support frame supported by the base frame is provided on the base frame so that it can take a horizontal position and a forward and reverse tilted position of downwards to the left and downwards to the right. A vibration table for mounting and relaying the pallets sent along the conveyance path is installed on the support frame via a buffer mechanism, and groove-shaped members are provided along the traveling direction on both edges of the lower surface of the pallet. Installation: A vibrator is mounted on the bottom of the vibration table, and on both sides of the top, movable rollers for conveying the grooves on the pallet move up and down together, and by lowering the idle rollers, the grooves are moved to the upper surface. A molding device for a concrete product having a projecting part integrally protruding from a plate part, characterized by being provided with a fluid pressure clamp for holding down the product.