JPH01136854A - Brake device for driven vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent a shock by linking a joint in front of a driven vehicle to a hook in the rear of a towing vehicle longitudinally movably within a defined range, detecting the collision of the joint with the hook at the time of operating towing vehicle brakes, and operating driven vehicle brakes. CONSTITUTION:A hook 12 consisting of a lower fixed member 12a and an upper movable member 12b is provided on the rear portion of a towing vehicle to engage a joint 16 installed in the front of a conveying driven vehicle for a boat, etc., linking the vehicles. The joint 16 is linked to the hook 12 longitudinally movably within a defined range in the groove 22 of the hook 12. An operating board 38 is brought into contact with the back face of the hook 12 and an operating bar 36, a linking rod 44, and a moving member 46 are connected to the operating board 38 to make a brake cylinder 50 operable. When the towing vehicle carries out a braking operation, the joint 16 is moved to the front side of the hook 12 and the operating board 38 is relatively retracted pushing the moving member 46 into the brake cylinder 50 to carry out a braking action on the driven vehicle, thereby preventing a shock.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to a brake device for a driven vehicle, and more specifically, when the driven vehicle is connected to the rear of the towing vehicle for towing, it is possible to turn on and off the brake of the towing vehicle. This invention relates to a brake device that automatically turns on and off the brakes installed on a driven vehicle in synchronization with the following.

Conventional technology and its problems For example, trailers (hereinafter referred to as ``driven vehicles'') that are not equipped with power to transport small boats and various goods are generally placed at the rear of automobiles, etc. (hereinafter referred to as ``towing vehicles''). It is configured to be connected and towed via a provided connecting device. Here, when the towed vehicle makes a right or left turn, the driven vehicle connected to the towing vehicle rotates around the connecting portion as a fulcrum and follows the driven vehicle. A slight margin (gap) is provided at the connecting part.

In this way, driven vehicles that are towed by a towing vehicle, apart from large vehicles, are generally equipped with parking brakes for leisure activities or for transporting small items. Currently, there is no brake device that turns on and off the brakes of the driven vehicle in synchronization with the on and off of the brakes.

As mentioned above, there is a gap between the connection between the towing vehicle and the driven vehicle, so if the towing vehicle applies the brakes and decelerates while driving, no braking force is applied to the driven vehicle, so the driven vehicle The problem is that the vehicle moves forward without slowing down due to inertia and collides with the towing vehicle, resulting in an extremely large impact on both vehicles. In addition, since no braking force is applied to the driven vehicle, the braking distance becomes extremely long, especially when transporting heavy objects, and furthermore, it has been pointed out that the problem is that it causes meandering.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned disadvantages inherent in towing a driven vehicle by a towing vehicle, and has been proposed to suitably solve this problem. - The purpose is to provide a new brake device that automatically controls the brakes of a driven vehicle in exactly synchronized manner.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems and achieve the intended purpose, the present invention provides a vehicle which is not equipped with a power but is towed by being connected to the towing vehicle through a coupling provided at the rear of the towing vehicle. In the driven vehicle, an elongated hole is provided on the front surface of the driven vehicle and allows the open end of the hook portion of the coupling device to be inserted therethrough, and the hook portion is formed at the bottom of the tip of the elongated hole. A joint having a protrusion that is slidably supported at the bottom of an arcuate groove, and a joint that is slidably inserted into the joint and whose end facing the connector abuts and separates from the rear end surface of the connector. an actuating rod that is pivoted to a connecting rod whose other end is rotatably pivoted to the frame of the driven vehicle; and an actuating rod near the end of the connecting rod that is not pivoted to the frame. and a moving member to which is attached a piston rod of a cylinder that operates a brake disposed on a wheel of a driven vehicle.

Embodiment Next, a preferred embodiment of the brake device for a driven vehicle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the main parts of a brake device for a driven vehicle according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the main parts showing a state in which the towing vehicle and the driven vehicle are connected, and as a driven vehicle. This will be explained using an example of a trailer being towed by a towing vehicle on a road. For convenience of explanation, the terms "front-back direction" are synonymous with each other in relation to the traveling direction of the towing vehicle and the trailer.

As shown in the figure, the frame 18 of the towing vehicle 10 includes:

An angle member 20 protruding rearward is arranged and fixed.

A trailer 14 (described later) is attached to the rear end of this angle member 20.
The connecting tool 12 to which the joint 16 arranged in the
Tightening is fixed via a plurality of bolts 21 and nuts 23. This connector 12 includes a hook portion 12a whose open end is directed upward, and a movable portion 12b that is pivotally supported at the base of the hook portion 12a and can open and close the hook portion 12a from above.
An arcuate groove 22 is formed in the hook portion 12a. Note that the connector 12 is provided with a stopper 24, and by opening this stopper 24.

The joint 16 is attached and detached by opening and closing the movable portion 12b.

As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of wheels 54 are rotatably supported at the rear of the frame 26 of the trailer 14, and the wheels 54 are equipped with a brake (not shown) such as a known disc brake or drum brake. is arranged. The cylinder built into this brake is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 50, which will be described later, via a brake hose 56, and is configured so that the brake is turned on and off by moving a piston rod 50a in the cylinder 50 in the axial direction. . Further, a support rod 28 is horizontally protruded and fixed on the front side of the frame 26, and an L-shaped joint 16 is arranged and fixed at the tip of this support rod 28.

By connecting the joint 16 to the connector 12, the trailer 14 is towed by the towing vehicle 10.

As shown in FIG. 1, an elongated hole 3o extending in the front-rear direction is bored in the horizontal projecting portion 16a of the joint 16 that protrudes in the direction toward the tow vehicle 10. By inserting the open end of 12a, the tow vehicle 10 and trailer 14 are connected. The length of this elongated hole 30 is set to a size that allows the joint 16 to move a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction with respect to the connector 12 when the open end of the hook portion 12a is inserted.

Further, an arc-shaped protrusion 3 is formed on the bottom surface of the tip of the horizontal protrusion 16a.
2 is formed, and this protrusion 32 is configured to be slidably supported by the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 22 of the hook portion 12a. That is, when the trailer 14 is connected to the towing vehicle 10.

A portion of the load of the trailer 14 is supported by the coupling 12 via the protrusion 32.

The support rod 2 is attached to the vertical portion 16b of the joint 16.
An actuating rod 36 parallel to 8 is slidably inserted therethrough, and an actuating plate 38 is perpendicular to the end of the actuating rod 36 that points toward the coupling 12.
is installed. As will be described later, this actuating plate 38 is activated when the towing vehicle 10 applies the brake, the trailer 14 approaches the towing vehicle 10, and the protrusion 32 is located in the operating region T3 in the groove 22 (see Fig. 4). ) functions to move the actuating rod 36 rearward by coming into contact with the end of the movable portion 12b of the connector 12. Note that while the towing vehicle 1o and the trailer 14 are running, the protrusion 32 is located in the running area of the groove 22 (FIGS. 2 and 3), and at this time the actuating plate 38 is in contact with the connector 12 It is configured so that they do not come into contact with each other.

As shown in FIG. 1, the frame 2 behind the joint 16
A base 40 is fixed to the base 6, and one end of a long connecting rod 44 is rotatably supported on the base 40 via a pin 42. The end of the actuating rod 36 to which the actuating plate 38 is not attached is pivotally supported via a pin 39 at a position a predetermined distance away from the pin 42 of the connecting rod 44 .

Therefore, when the actuating rod 36 moves in the front-back direction, the connecting rod 44 swings by a predetermined angle about the pin 42. The other end of the connecting rod 44 is inserted into a long hole 52a of a regulating plate 52 fixed to the frame 26, so that the connecting rod 44 can move without wobbling.

Near the other end of the connecting rod 44, as shown in FIG.

A horizontal portion 46a of the L-shaped moving member 46 is pivotally supported via a pin 48, and the moving member 46 moves in the front-back direction as the connecting rod 44 moves.

A piston rod 50a of a cylinder 50 fixed to the frame 26 via a mounting plate 58 is attached to the vertical portion 46b of the moving member 46. Therefore, as will be described later, when the operating rod 36 moves forward and backward in synchronization with turning on and off the brake of the towing vehicle 10, the connecting rod 44 swings at a predetermined angle about the pin 42.

As a result, the piston rod 50a of the cylinder 50 is moved in the axial direction.

Note that the piston rod 50a of the cylinder 50 is always pressed in a direction extending from the cylinder 50 by an elastic member (not shown) built into the cylinder 50. By pushing the piston rod 50a into the cylinder 50, the brake oil in the cylinder 50 is supplied to the brake cylinder disposed on the wheel 54 via the brake hose 56, thereby operating the brake. The wheels 54 are oval shaped to provide braking.

Here, the pivot position between the operating rod 36 and the connecting rod 44 is 1/3 of the length from the pin 42 that pivotally supports the connecting rod 44 to the frame 26 to the pin 48 that pivotally supports the moving member 46. is pivoted at a position spaced apart from the pin 42. Thereby, the pressing force of the actuating rod 36 is not directly applied to the cylinder 50, and the moving distance of the piston rod 50a can also be increased. For example, if the actuating rod 36 moves by 1G, the piston rod 50a will move by 3 cm.

The moving distance of the piston rod 50a is determined by the ratio of the distance from the rotation center of the connecting rod 44 to the pivot position of the moving member 46 and the distance from the rotation center of the connecting rod 44 to the pivot position of the actuating rod 36. It can be adjusted by changing.

Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as above will be explained. First, in order to connect the joint 16 of the trailer 14 to the connector 12 of the towing vehicle 10, first press the stopper 24 of the connector 12.
At the same time, the movable part 12b is rotated counterclockwise to release the hook part 12a, and the open end of the hook part 12a is inserted into the long hole 30 of the joint 16, and the movable part 12b and the stopper 24 are opened again. are connected by closing. At this time, the horizontal projecting portion 16a of the joint 16
The protrusion 32 arranged in the groove 22 in the hook part 12a
It is located in the driving area of Note that at this time, the actuating plate 38 is not in contact with the connector 12, as described above.

When the towing vehicle 1o starts traveling with the trailer 14 connected to the towing vehicle 10 in this manner, as shown in FIG.
At the moment of starting, only the towing vehicle 10 moves forward with respect to the trailer 14. This is because the joint 16 of the trailer 14 is connected to the connector 12 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction, and after the towing vehicle 10 has moved forward by a predetermined distance, the trailer 14 also connects to the towing vehicle 1o. Run with it. Note that since the trailer 14 starts traveling while the protrusion 32 of the joint 16 slides along the arc-shaped groove 22 of the connector 12, no impact is generated on the mold surfaces 10.14. , it is possible to perform a smooth start.

When the towing vehicle 1o and the trailer 14 are traveling at a constant speed, the joint 16
The protrusion 32 is located near the running area of the groove 22. As described above, when the protrusion 32 is located in the running area of the groove 22, the actuating plate 38 and the end of the connector 12 are not in contact with each other.

Next, when the towing vehicle 10 applies the brakes and decelerates, since no braking force is applied to the trailer 14 yet, the trailer 14 moves forward without decelerating due to inertia, and the towing vehicle 1
Close to 0. As a result, the protrusion 32 of the joint 16
moves forward while sliding within the groove 22, and faces the operating area B of the groove 22, as shown in FIG. However, since the actuating plate 38 disposed on the actuating rod 36 comes into contact with the end of the connector 12 and is prevented from moving forward, the actuating plate 38 cannot move backward relative to the trailer 14. become.

When the actuating plate 38 and the actuating rod 36 move backward (the trailer 14 moves forward), the other end of the actuating rod 36 is connected to a connecting rod 44 that is pivotally supported.
However, as shown by the two-dot chain line in Figure 1.

It rotates clockwise by a predetermined angle using the pin 42 as a fulcrum. As a result, the moving member 46 pivotally supported by the connecting rod 44 via the pin 48 moves in the direction of the arrow, and pushes the piston rod 50a of the cylinder 50 attached to the moving member 46 into the cylinder 50.

Therefore, brake oil is supplied from the cylinder 50 via the brake hose 56 to the brake cylinder disposed on the axle 54 of the trailer 14, and the brake is activated to apply braking force to the trailer 14, and the same as the towing vehicle 10. Slowed down.

Then, when the tow vehicle 1o accelerates again, the protrusion 32 of the joint 16 is located in the running area of the groove 22, and the actuating plate 38 is separated from the coupling tool 12. The piston rod 50a of the cylinder 5o is normally biased in the direction of extending from the cylinder 50 by an elastic member installed in the cylinder 5o, so when the actuating plate 38 is separated from the connector 12, the piston rod 50a is It extends from the cylinder 50 to release the brake.

Here, in an experiment in which a trailer equipped with the brake device according to the present invention and a conventional trailer were pulled by a towing vehicle and brought to a sudden stop under the same conditions, the trailer equipped with the brake device It has been demonstrated that the system is extremely effective compared to conventional trailers. That is, 40km
When a towing vehicle traveling at a speed of 100 mph comes to a sudden stop, if the trailer is not equipped with a brake system, the braking distance is approximately 8.5 m, causing lateral vibration and an extremely unstable condition. there were. On the other hand, when a brake device was installed on the trailer, the braking distance was shortened to approximately 6 m, and the vehicle could be stopped stably without any lateral vibration.

Note that in the brake device for a driven vehicle according to this embodiment.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the case where it is used for a trailer running on a road, the present invention is not limited to this. This can effectively prevent *attacks that sometimes occur.

As described in detail, the brake device for a driven vehicle according to the present invention can effectively prevent shocks that occur when the towing vehicle is started, when the brakes are applied while the vehicle is running, or when the vehicle is stopped. In addition, the braking distance when stopped can be significantly shortened, and lateral vibration does not occur, providing a comfortable ride. Furthermore, since the structure is simple, it has advantages such as being able to be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the main parts of a brake device for a driven vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the embodiment.
Figure 3 is a side view showing the state in which the actuating plate is separated from the coupling when the towing vehicle starts or accelerates, and Figure 4 shows the state in which the trailer brake system is activated when the towing vehicle decelerates. FIG.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] [1] A driven vehicle (14) that is not equipped with power and configured to be towed by being connected to the towing vehicle (10) via a coupling device (12) disposed at the rear of the towing vehicle (10), comprising: The connector (12) is arranged on the front of the vehicle (14).
An elongated hole (30) is drilled through which the open end of the hook portion (12a) is inserted, and at the bottom of the tip thereof, the hole slides into the bottom of an arcuate groove (22) formed in the hook portion (12a). a joint (16) protruding from a protrusion (32) that is freely supported; and a connector (12) that is slidably inserted into the joint (16) and has an end that faces the connector (12). An actuating plate (38) that can come into contact with and separate from the rear end surface is attached, and
An operating rod (3) whose other end is pivoted to a connecting rod (44) whose one end is rotatably pivoted to the frame (26) of the driven vehicle (14).
6), and a cylinder (50) which is pivotally supported near the end of the connecting rod (44) that is not pivotally supported by the frame (26) and which operates the brake provided on the wheel (54) of the driven vehicle (14). a moving member (46) to which a piston rod (50a) is attached;
A brake device for a driven vehicle characterized by comprising: [2] The pivoting position of the operating rod (36) and the connecting rod (44) varies from the position where the connecting rod (44) is pivotally supported on the frame (26) to the position where the movable member (46) is pivotally supported. Claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod (44) is located at a position spaced apart from a position where it is pivotally supported by the frame (26) by approximately 1/3 of the length of the connecting rod (44). Brake device of driven vehicle.