JPH0115560B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a novel low-smoke briquette charcoal consisting of powdered coal and waste wood powder. Molded coal made from powdered coal and molded fuel made from waste wood powder are known. The former is oil;
It is known as briquette coal for molded coke using coal pitch as a binder, and the latter is known as Ogatan/Ogalite, which is made from sawdust. When such molded products are used as general heating fuel, they each have the following drawbacks. The raw material is non-caking subbituminous coal or caking bituminous coal. For example, in the case of briquette briquettes such as pitch briquettes, the combustion mechanism of a typical coal stove does not completely burn the volatile content and binder binder in the coal, which generates a large amount of soot and smoke, which is a source of air pollution.
For this reason, this type of briquette coal cannot be accepted in today's living environment unless it is heated or oxidized to reduce smoke. On the other hand, wood-based molded fuels such as Ogatan and Ogarite have the advantage of not producing smoke, unlike molded charcoal. However, waste wood powder has an extremely low calorific value per unit volume compared to coal, so
Molding fuel with a high calorific value cannot be obtained from waste wood powder alone. In addition, since the shape of the fuel has to be large and rod-like, it is naturally limited by combustion equipment, and cannot go beyond being used as an alternative to conventional firewood fuel. The object of the present invention is to provide a molded fuel which has greatly improved the above-mentioned drawbacks, and which uses conventionally known anthracite, charcoal powder, etc. as raw materials and a water-soluble binder.
It is completely different from smokeless solid fuel in terms of raw materials and binder. Hereinafter, the raw material for low smoke briquette charcoal according to the present invention and the method for producing the same will be explained. Among the raw materials used, pulverized coal refers to non-caking subbituminous coal E to weakly caking bituminous coal C ₁ according to JIS M1002, which is classified by carbon quality. Coal that tends to generate soot and smoke when burned. In the present invention, these air-dried coals are used after being prepared to have a particle size of 3 mm or less. Waste wood powder is
Adjust moisture content and particle size appropriately. Prior to molding and carbonization using the above raw materials, a mixture of powdered coal and waste wood powder in a weight ratio of 9:1 to 5:5 is prepared. This mixture is then pressurized
100-300Kg/cm ³ / Heating at 100-200℃ and molding into any size and shape. Examples thereof will be described in detail below. Example 1 Mixtures with different composition ratios were prepared using powdered coal (particle size 1.19 mm or less) and waste wood powder (particle size 0.1 mm or less) shown in Table 1. These were packed into a mold equipped with a heating device and molded at a pressure of 300 kg/cm ² and a temperature of 200° C. to obtain cylindrical molded coal with a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 10 mm. Table 2 regarding the amount of smoke and calorific value
It was shown to.

【table】

[Table] As is clear from the examples, charcoal briquettes made from pulverized coal alone produce less smoke than lump charcoal, and by adding wood powder, the amount of smoke from charcoal briquettes is greatly reduced. In the case of briquette charcoal made from any type of coal, by adding 25% by weight of wood powder, the amount of soot is significantly reduced to less than half that of raw charcoal (lump charcoal), except for briquette charcoal made by adding Japanese larch powder to Horonai charcoal. Reduced. Also,

[Table] (Reference 1) Looking at the shape of residual coal after combustion, when burning lump coal or briquette coal made from powdered coal alone, Sunagawa coal and Horonai coal, which are weakly coking coals, have a large Pacific coal, which is a non-caking coal, does not expand, but it tends to generate many cracks and lose its shape, making it difficult to maintain good combustion conditions in either case. Molded charcoal with wood powder added suppresses the expansion and cracking that occurs during combustion, as described above.
Burns while retaining its shape. As described above, the addition of wood powder has a great effect not only in reducing the generation of soot and smoke but also in maintaining the shape of briquette charcoal during combustion. Example 2 By the method as in Example 1, the shape 25
Table 3 shows the results of making briquettes of 25 x 10 mm and measuring the soot and smoke generation when burned in a full-scale coal stove (immersion type). As is clear from the measurement results in Table 3, the amount of soot and smoke generated was significantly reduced by adding wood powder, and the effect of adding wood charcoal was more emphasized in actual-scale combustion. In addition, during combustion, it did not expand, maintained its shape, maintained a good combustion state, and did not generate clinker in the combustion residue.

[Table] The reason why the raw material composition ratio in the present invention is regulated as shown in the claims is as follows. If the amount of waste wood powder added is less than 10% (by weight), it will have little effect on reducing the amount of soot and smoke, and
Due to the small amount of waste wood flour acting as a binder, it is not strong enough to withstand normal handling. Furthermore, in the case of weakly coking coal powder or briquette coal made from coking coal powder, there is little effect in suppressing melting and expansion during combustion. If the amount of waste wood powder added exceeds 50% (by weight),
In addition to a significant drop in calorific value, coal's properties as a fuel are greatly impaired, such as the lack of thermal power and poor fire durability. Since the briquette coal of the present invention is composed of a specific raw material composition ratio, it has characteristics such as extremely low smoke generation, good shape retention during combustion, low ash content, and good ignitability. . Furthermore, since powdered raw materials are used, it can be molded into any shape to match the combustion appliance and combustion mechanism. Furthermore, it is also possible to reduce the smoke cost of molten coal by adding anthracite, coke powder, charcoal, etc., within a range that does not impair the above-mentioned characteristics. Currently, due to the sharp rise in the price of petroleum and concerns about future supply, the development of petroleum alternative fuels using coal and biomass as raw materials is actively underway. As with the present invention, the waste wood such as pulverized coal, which is increasing with the recent mechanization of coal mining, bark from the wood industry, backboards from sawmills, sawdust, veneer waste, and sander dust, can be used. Providing new solid fuels as raw materials will greatly contribute to the effective use of these raw materials and to the advancement of petroleum substitution.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Low soot smoke consisting of powdered non-caking subbituminous coal or caking bituminous coal and waste wood powder, characterized by a composition ratio (weight) of 9:1 to 5:5. Molded charcoal.