JPH0122210B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0122210B2 JPH0122210B2 JP3300682A JP3300682A JPH0122210B2 JP H0122210 B2 JPH0122210 B2 JP H0122210B2 JP 3300682 A JP3300682 A JP 3300682A JP 3300682 A JP3300682 A JP 3300682A JP H0122210 B2 JPH0122210 B2 JP H0122210B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- sheet
- diatomaceous earth
- parts
- hollow cylindrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000814619 Aulacoseira granulata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005624 silicic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfite Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])=O GBAOBIBJACZTNA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010261 calcium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003118 cationic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum dipotassium disodium dioxosilane iron(3+) oxocalcium oxomagnesium oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].O=[Mg].O=[Ca].O=[Si]=O SHFGJEQAOUMGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002492 water-soluble polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は重量を主原料とした軽量シートに関す
るものであり、更に詳しくは、中空円筒状の珪藻
土を用いることにより、主として建築内装材の裏
打材としての諸特性に優れた低密度の軽量シート
に関するものである。
従来、合成樹脂を化粧被覆材として用いる壁、
床用の建築内装材の裏打材には、石綿フエルトや
石綿紙が使われて来たが、これら石綿主体の裏打
材は、シートとしての密度が高く建築内装材に加
工した後も単位長さ当りの重量が嵩むために、施
工現場では位置合せ等の作業時の取扱いに苦慮し
ているのが現状である。更に、近年、石綿の持つ
衛生上の問題が指摘されたことから、一部ではガ
ラス繊維紙や不織布が代替材料として使われ始め
た。しかし、ガラス繊維紙はその多孔性の故に予
め目止め処理を施さないと化粧被覆用合成樹脂塗
工が不可能であるため、製造工程が増加し繁雑に
なる欠点を有している。
本発明は上述した既存の裏打材の欠点を除去
し、市場の要求に応えるべくなされたもので、中
空円筒状の珪藻土を含む無機質充填材を主原料と
することにより、優れた裏打材を提供すると共
に、様々な用途に適用可能な軽量シートを提供す
るものである。
無機質充填材を多量に配合したシートに関して
は、特開昭54−82406、特開昭54−106605及び特
開昭55−6587等に於て、充填材、繊維及び結合剤
の水性分散液に凝集剤を添加してフロツクを形成
せしめた後、抄造する方法が記載されている。
本発明者らは、多種多様の充填材のうち特定の
形状を有する珪藻土を選択し、この珪藻土とフイ
ブリル化した繊維とを組合せた時に、従来品の充
填材を高配合したシートとは格段に異なる低密度
の軽量シートが得られ、且つこの軽量シートは建
築内装材の裏打材として優れた加工適性を有する
ことを見出し、本発明を完成するに至つた。即
ち、本発明は無機質充填材100重量部に対して、
フイブリル化した繊維５〜30重量部、結合剤５〜
30重量部を含む水性分散液に凝集剤を添加してフ
ロツクを形成せしめた製紙用スラリーを抄造して
なるものであり、上記の無機質充填材として少な
くともその20重量％以上が中空円筒状の珪藻土で
あることを特徴とするものである。
珪藻土は水中で繁殖する藻の一種である珪藻の
珪酸質骨格が、珪藻の死により太古の海底、湖底
に沈積したもので、その形状は種類によつて異な
り、円板状、舟形、紡錘形、棒状、針状、円筒状
などがあり、またその珪酸質骨格が完全な形状で
残つているもの、それらの破片が多いものなどさ
まざまである。本発明に使用する珪藻土は、中空
円筒状であることを特徴とし、代表的な例として
米国ネバダ州に産出するメロシラ・グラニユレイ
タ・クルバタ（学名、Melosira Granulata
Curvata）を挙げることができる。中空円筒状珪
藻土の使用によるシート低密度化の効果は、主と
してその特異な形状に由来するものと考えられ、
無機質充填材中に20重量％程度を配合することに
よつても顕著な効果が現われる。従つて、要求さ
れるシートの密度に応じて、他の無機質充填材と
してタルク、炭酸カルシウム、ベントナイト、シ
リカバルーン、カオリン、水酸化アルミニウム、
他の珪藻土、珪酸カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウ
ム、珪酸アルミニウム、マイカ、酸化亜鉛、パー
ライト、酸化チタン、硫酸カルシウム、亜硫酸カ
ルシウム等を併用することができる。
また、フイブリル化した繊維としては、針葉樹
又は広葉樹からの晒又は未晒の各種木材パルプ
（クラフトパルプ、サルフアイトパルプ、メカニ
カルパルプ）、並びにフイブリル化ポリエチレン、
フイブリル化ポリプロピレン等のフイブリル化し
た合成繊維等を例示することができる。これらの
繊維はひげ根状の分岐した多数の小繊維が存在す
るために、ポリエステル、ポリアミド等の合成繊
維やガラス繊維に比較して、中空円筒状珪藻土と
の間でフロツクを形成し易く、密度の低いシート
の抄造に適している。フイブリル化した繊維は無
機質充填材100重量部に対して５〜30重量部、好
ましくは10〜15重量部配合する。フイブリル化し
た繊維に加えて他の繊維を添加しても良い。
更に、結合剤としては、アクリル酸エステル、
ポリ塩化ビニル、合成ゴム等のラテツクス系結合
剤や澱粉、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ローカ
ストビーンガム、ポリビニルアルコール等の水溶
性高分子系結合剤を単独に又は併用して、無機質
充填材100重量部に対し、５〜30重量部配合する。
尚、ラテツクス系結合剤は接着強度に優れている
ので、本発明には好適である。
本発明に於ては、上記の中空円筒状珪藻土、フ
イブリル化した繊維及び結合剤を含む水性分散液
に凝集剤を添加してフロツクを形成せしめるが、
ポリアクリルアミドのカチオン変性物、ポリアミ
ン、カチオン澱粉、キトザン、ポリエチレンイミ
ン、ポリジアルキルアミノアルキルアクリレー
ト、ポリアミノメチルアクリルアミド、ポリビニ
ルピリジウム塩、ポリジアクリルアンモニウム
塩、カチオン性共重合物等公知の凝集剤を使用す
ることができる。
本発明に係る軽量シートは、上述のフロツクを
形成せしめた製紙用スラリーを長網抄紙機、丸網
抄紙機、多層抄紙機、ツインワイヤー抄紙機等を
使用して常法により抄造することにより得られ
る。
以上の如くして得られた軽量シートは、低密度
であることを最大の特徴とし、種々の用途にその
特徴を活用することができる。例えば、建築内装
材の裏打材として使用する場合、通常厚さ0.5〜
0.7mm程度に抄造するが、この裏打材は化粧被覆
用に塗工する合成樹脂との密着性に優れ、内装材
製造時の加工条件に充分耐え得る引張強度を有す
ると共に、得られた内装材は軽量であるので、施
工作業性に優れている。
以下に実施例に従つて本発明を説明する。
実施例 １
原料配合
無機質充填材 中空円筒状珪藻土 67重量部
〃 タルク 33 〃
フイブリル化した繊維 針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ
13 〃
結合剤 SBR 20 〃
凝集剤 カチオン性高分子凝集剤 １ 〃
上記配合に従つて、中空円筒状珪藻土（90％以
上の粒径分布２〜50μ）、タルク（平均粒径10μ）
及び針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ（カナデイアンフリ
ーネス450c.c.）を水中で分散混合した後、スチレ
ンブタジエン系ラテツクス（SBR）を添加して
激しく撹拌した。次にカチオン性高分子凝集剤を
加えて、充填材と繊維のフロツクを形成させて製
紙用スラリーを得た。この製紙用スラリーを長網
抄紙機を使用して、厚さ0.5mmを目標に抄造して
シートを得た。
得られたシートの密度は0.55ｇ／cm3と軽量であ
り、建築内装材の裏打材として使用した時の化粧
被覆用の塩化ビニル樹脂との密着性並びに建築内
装材としての作業性に優れていた。
比較例 １
実施例１と同様の配合で、使用する珪藻土を一
般の珪藻土（形状は針状、円板状及び円板状種の
破片からなり、90％以上の粒径分布６〜50μ）に
置き換えた以外は実施例１と同様にして、シート
を抄造した。
このシートの密度は0.85ｇ／cm3であり、実施例
１の如き軽量シートは得られなかつた。
実施例 ２
原料配合
無機質充填材 中空円筒状珪藻土 23重量部
〃 炭酸カルシウム 77 〃
フイブリル化した繊維 針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ
６ 〃
結合剤 アクリル酸エステル 12 〃
凝集剤 カチオン性高分子凝集剤 0.8 〃
上記配合により、実施例１と同様にして厚さ
0.5mmを目標にしてシートを抄造した。尚、使用
した中空円筒状珪藻土及び針葉樹晒クラフトパル
プは実施例１と同様であり、炭酸カルシウムは主
要粒径分布10〜40μの重質炭酸カルシウムを用い
た。
得られたシートの密度は0.75ｇ／cm3であり、中
空円筒状珪藻土の配合割合が少なくても、シート
の低密度化が可能であつた。
比較例 ２
実施例２と同様の配合で、中空円筒状珪藻土を
比較例１で使用した一般の珪藻土に置換えてシー
トを抄造した。このシートは密度1.00ｇ／cm3と重
く、軽量裏打材としては不適当であつた。
比較例 ３
無機質充填材として中空円筒状珪藻土を全く用
いずに、実施例１で用いたタルクと実施例２で用
いた炭酸カルシウムとを併用した。更に、この無
機質充填材100重量部に対して、実施例１で用い
た針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ15重量部とSBR10重
量部とを配合してシートを抄造した。得られたシ
ートの密度は1.20ｇ／cm3であり、従来の石綿紙並
の高密度であつた。
実施例 ３
原料配合
無機質充填材 中空円筒状珪藻土 100重量部
フイブリル化した繊維 針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ
13 〃
〃 フイブリル化ポリエチレ
ン ７ 〃
結合剤 SBR 27 〃
凝集剤 カチオン性高分子凝集剤 1.4 〃
上記配合により、実施例１と同様の手順で厚さ
0.7mmを目標にしてシートを製造した。尚、フイ
ブリル化ポリエチレンは商品名SWP Ｅ−620（三
井ゼラバツク製）を使用した。
得られたシートは無機質充填材の全量が中空円
筒状珪藻土であるため、密度が0.45ｇ／cm3と極め
て低く、建築内装材の裏打材として極めて優れて
いた。
比較例 ４
無機質充填材に比較例１で使用した一般の珪藻
土を用いた以外は実施例３と同様にして、厚さ
0.7mmに抄造した。このシートは密度0.83ｇ／cm3
と実施例３のシートの約２倍の重量を有し、その
取扱いに不便であつた。
上記の実施例及び比較例の原料配合及びシート
の物性を第１表にまとめて示す。
〔第１表の注〕
(1) 引張強度は5.0〜5.5Kg／15mm以上であれば、
建築内装材の加工条件に充分耐えうる。
(2) 塩ビとの密着性は、建築内装材の裏打材とし
て使用する場合に於ける化粧被覆用合成樹脂と
の密着性を評価したものであり、以下の方法に
よつた。
先ず、撹拌機で可塑剤（ジオクチルフタレー
ト）80重量部を撹拌しながら、塩化ビニル樹脂
（ペーストレジン121、日本ゼオン製）100重量
部及び発泡剤（Unifoam AZ−Ｈ、大塚化学
薬品製）４重量部を順次加えて、化粧被覆用の
均一な塩ビペーストを調製した。この塩ビペー
ストを各実施例及び比較例で得られたシートに
ワイヤーバーを用いて塗工し、熱風乾燥機中で
140℃で３分間熱処理をして、塩ビをゲル化し、
更に200℃で２分間熱処理をして、塩ビを加熱
発泡させた。尚、塩ビペーストの塗布量は発泡
後の塩ビ及びシートの合計の厚さが1.8mmとな
るように調節した。
次に、出来上つた建築内装材の試験片（巾20
mm、長さ250mm）の一端から塩ビとシートの境
界面に沿つて長さ20mmの切れ目を入れ、インス
トロン型引張試験機の固定クロスヘツドに接続
するチヤツクで塩ビ部分を掴み、可動クロスヘ
ツドに接続するチヤツクでシート部分を掴み、
可動クロスヘツドを下方に100mm／分の速度で
移動させ、塩ビとシートを剥離させた。この
時、塩ビとシートの密着性が悪いと容易に剥離
するが、密着性が良いと塩ビとシートは一体と
なつており、無理に剥ぐと塩ビ又はシートのい
ずれかが破壊することから、密着性を評価し
た。
【表】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lightweight sheet made mainly of weight, and more specifically, by using hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth, it has excellent properties mainly as a backing material for interior building materials. The invention relates to low-density, lightweight sheets. Conventionally, walls using synthetic resin as a decorative covering material,
Asbestos felt and asbestos paper have been used as backing materials for architectural interior materials for floors, but these asbestos-based backing materials have a high density as sheets, and even after being processed into architectural interior materials, the unit length remains Due to the heavy weight of each piece, it is currently difficult to handle it during work such as positioning at construction sites. Furthermore, in recent years, as the sanitary problems associated with asbestos have been pointed out, glass fiber paper and nonwoven fabrics have begun to be used as alternative materials in some cases. However, because of its porosity, glass fiber paper cannot be coated with a synthetic resin for decorative coating unless it is sealed in advance, which has the drawback of increasing and complicating the manufacturing process. The present invention was made in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the existing backing materials mentioned above and to meet the demands of the market, and provides an excellent backing material by using an inorganic filler containing hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth as the main raw material. At the same time, it provides a lightweight sheet that can be applied to various uses. Regarding sheets containing a large amount of inorganic filler, in JP-A-54-82406, JP-A-54-106605, and JP-A-55-6587, aggregation of fillers, fibers, and binders into an aqueous dispersion is reported. A method is described in which a floc is formed by adding an agent and then papermaking is performed. The present inventors selected diatomaceous earth with a specific shape from among a wide variety of fillers, and when this diatomaceous earth and fibrillated fibers were combined, the results were significantly different from conventional sheets with a high content of fillers. It was discovered that a lightweight sheet with a different low density was obtained, and that this lightweight sheet had excellent processing suitability as a backing material for architectural interior materials, leading to the completion of the present invention. That is, in the present invention, for 100 parts by weight of the inorganic filler,
5 to 30 parts by weight of fibrillated fibers, 5 to 30 parts by weight of binder
It is made from a papermaking slurry made by adding a coagulant to an aqueous dispersion containing 30 parts by weight to form a floc, and at least 20% by weight of the inorganic filler is diatomaceous earth in the form of hollow cylinders. It is characterized by: Diatomaceous earth is the silicic acid skeleton of diatoms, a type of algae that grows in water, that was deposited on the ancient ocean floor or lake bottom when the diatoms died.The shape of diatomaceous earth varies depending on the type: disc-shaped, boat-shaped, spindle-shaped, etc. There are rod-shaped, needle-shaped, cylindrical shapes, etc., and there are various types, including those whose silicic acid skeleton remains intact and those with many fragments. The diatomaceous earth used in the present invention is characterized by its hollow cylindrical shape, and a typical example is Melosira granulata curvata (scientific name: Melosira granulata curvata) produced in Nevada, USA.
Curvata). The effect of reducing sheet density by using hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth is thought to be mainly due to its unique shape.
Remarkable effects can also be obtained by incorporating about 20% by weight into the inorganic filler. Therefore, depending on the required sheet density, other inorganic fillers such as talc, calcium carbonate, bentonite, silica balloon, kaolin, aluminum hydroxide,
Other diatomaceous earth, calcium silicate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum silicate, mica, zinc oxide, perlite, titanium oxide, calcium sulfate, calcium sulfite, etc. can be used in combination. In addition, fibrillated fibers include various bleached or unbleached wood pulps (kraft pulp, sulfite pulp, mechanical pulp) made from softwood or hardwood, and fibrillated polyethylene,
Examples include fibrillated synthetic fibers such as fibrillated polypropylene. These fibers have a large number of branched small fibers in the form of roots, so compared to synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyamide, and glass fibers, these fibers tend to form flocs with hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth, resulting in a lower density. Suitable for paper making of low sheets. The fibrillated fiber is blended in an amount of 5 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 15 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the inorganic filler. In addition to the fibrillated fibers, other fibers may be added. Furthermore, as a binder, acrylic ester,
A latex binder such as polyvinyl chloride, synthetic rubber, or a water-soluble polymer binder such as starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, locust bean gum, or polyvinyl alcohol may be used alone or in combination with 100 parts by weight of the inorganic filler. Add 5 to 30 parts by weight.
Note that latex-based binders have excellent adhesive strength and are therefore suitable for the present invention. In the present invention, a flocculant is added to the aqueous dispersion containing the hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth, fibrillated fibers, and binder to form a floc.
Use known flocculants such as cationic modified polyacrylamide, polyamine, cationic starch, chitozan, polyethyleneimine, polydialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, polyaminomethylacrylamide, polyvinylpyridium salt, polydiacrylammonium salt, cationic copolymer, etc. be able to. The lightweight sheet according to the present invention can be obtained by manufacturing the papermaking slurry in which the above-mentioned flocs have been formed using a Fourdrinier paper machine, a circular wire paper machine, a multilayer paper machine, a twin wire paper machine, etc. in a conventional manner. It will be done. The lightweight sheet obtained as described above has a low density as its greatest feature, and this feature can be utilized for various purposes. For example, when used as a backing material for architectural interior materials, the thickness is usually 0.5~
This backing material is made into a sheet of approximately 0.7 mm, and has excellent adhesion to the synthetic resin applied for the decorative coating, and has sufficient tensile strength to withstand the processing conditions during the manufacture of interior materials. Since it is lightweight, it has excellent construction workability. The present invention will be described below with reference to Examples. Example 1 Inorganic filler blended with raw materials Hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth 67 parts by weight Talc 33 Fibrillated fiber Softwood bleached kraft pulp
13 〃 Binder SBR 20 〃 Flocculant Cationic polymer flocculant 1 〃 According to the above formulation, hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth (90% or more particle size distribution 2-50μ), talc (average particle size 10μ)
After dispersing and mixing softwood bleached kraft pulp (Canadian Freeness 450 c.c.) in water, styrene-butadiene latex (SBR) was added and vigorously stirred. Next, a cationic polymer flocculant was added to form a floc of filler and fibers to obtain a papermaking slurry. This papermaking slurry was made into a sheet using a Fourdrinier paper machine with a target thickness of 0.5 mm. The obtained sheet has a light density of 0.55 g/cm 3 and has excellent adhesion to vinyl chloride resin for decorative coating when used as a backing material for architectural interior materials, as well as excellent workability as an interior construction material. Ta. Comparative Example 1 With the same formulation as in Example 1, the diatomaceous earth used was changed to general diatomaceous earth (shape consists of needle-shaped, disc-shaped, and disc-shaped fragments, particle size distribution 6 to 50μ with 90% or more). A sheet was made in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the material was replaced. The density of this sheet was 0.85 g/cm 3 , and a lightweight sheet like that of Example 1 could not be obtained. Example 2 Inorganic filler blended with raw materials Hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth 23 parts by weight Calcium carbonate 77 Fibrillated fiber Bleached softwood kraft pulp
6 〃 Binder Acrylic ester 12 〃 Flocculant Cationic polymer flocculant 0.8 〃 With the above formulation, the thickness was
The sheet was made with a target of 0.5 mm. The hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth and softwood bleached kraft pulp used were the same as in Example 1, and the calcium carbonate used was heavy calcium carbonate with a main particle size distribution of 10 to 40 μm. The density of the obtained sheet was 0.75 g/cm 3 , and even if the blending ratio of hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth was small, it was possible to reduce the density of the sheet. Comparative Example 2 A sheet was made using the same formulation as in Example 2, replacing the hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth with the general diatomaceous earth used in Comparative Example 1. This sheet was heavy with a density of 1.00 g/cm 3 and was unsuitable as a lightweight backing material. Comparative Example 3 Talc used in Example 1 and calcium carbonate used in Example 2 were used together without using any hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth as an inorganic filler. Furthermore, 15 parts by weight of the softwood bleached kraft pulp used in Example 1 and 10 parts by weight of SBR were blended with 100 parts by weight of this inorganic filler to form a sheet. The density of the obtained sheet was 1.20 g/cm 3 , which was as high as conventional asbestos paper. Example 3 Raw material blend Inorganic filler Hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth 100 parts by weight Fibrillated fiber Softwood bleached kraft pulp
13 〃 〃 Fibrillated polyethylene 7 〃 Binder SBR 27 〃 Flocculant Cationic polymer flocculant 1.4 〃 With the above formulation, the thickness was adjusted in the same manner as in Example 1.
The sheet was manufactured with a target of 0.7 mm. The fibrillated polyethylene used was SWP E-620 (trade name, manufactured by Mitsui Zerabak). Since the entire amount of the inorganic filler in the obtained sheet was hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth, the sheet had an extremely low density of 0.45 g/cm 3 and was extremely excellent as a backing material for building interior materials. Comparative Example 4 Same as Example 3 except that the general diatomaceous earth used in Comparative Example 1 was used as the inorganic filler.
It was made into a paper of 0.7mm. This sheet has a density of 0.83g/ cm3
The weight of the sheet was about twice that of the sheet of Example 3, and it was inconvenient to handle. Table 1 summarizes the raw material formulations and sheet properties of the above Examples and Comparative Examples. [Notes to Table 1] (1) If the tensile strength is 5.0 to 5.5Kg/15mm or more,
Can withstand processing conditions for building interior materials. (2) Adhesion to vinyl chloride was an evaluation of adhesion to synthetic resin for decorative coating when used as a backing material for architectural interior materials, using the following method. First, while stirring 80 parts by weight of a plasticizer (dioctyl phthalate) with a stirrer, 100 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin (Paste Resin 121, manufactured by Nippon Zeon) and 4 parts by weight of a blowing agent (Unifoam AZ-H, manufactured by Otsuka Chemical) were added. A homogeneous PVC paste for decorative coating was prepared by adding parts in sequence. This PVC paste was applied to the sheets obtained in each example and comparative example using a wire bar, and then placed in a hot air dryer.
Heat treated at 140℃ for 3 minutes to gel the PVC,
Further, heat treatment was performed at 200°C for 2 minutes to heat and foam the PVC. The amount of the vinyl chloride paste applied was adjusted so that the total thickness of the foamed vinyl chloride and sheet was 1.8 mm. Next, a test piece (width 20
Make a 20 mm long cut along the interface between the PVC and the sheet from one end (mm, length 250 mm), grasp the PVC part with the chuck connected to the fixed crosshead of the Instron tensile tester, and connect it to the movable crosshead. Grasp the seat part with the chuck,
The movable crosshead was moved downward at a speed of 100 mm/min to separate the PVC and sheet. At this time, if the adhesion between the PVC and the sheet is poor, it will peel off easily, but if the adhesion is good, the PVC and the sheet are integrated, and if you forcefully peel it off, either the PVC or the sheet will be destroyed. The gender was evaluated. 【table】
Claims (1)
藻土からなる無機質充填材100重量部に対して、
フイブリル化した繊維５〜30重量部、結合剤５〜
30重量部を含む水性分散液に凝集剤を添加してフ
ロツクを形成せしめた製紙用スラリーを抄造して
なる軽量シート。 ２ 中空円筒状珪藻土以外の無機質充填材が炭酸
カルシウム、カオリン又はタルクから選択される
１種以上であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第１項記載の軽量シート。 ３ 結合剤がラテツクスであることを特徴とする
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の軽量シート。[Claims] 1. Based on 100 parts by weight of an inorganic filler, at least 20% by weight of which is composed of hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth,
5 to 30 parts by weight of fibrillated fibers, 5 to 30 parts by weight of binder
A lightweight sheet made from a papermaking slurry made by adding a coagulant to an aqueous dispersion containing 30 parts by weight to form a floc. 2. The lightweight sheet according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic filler other than the hollow cylindrical diatomaceous earth is one or more selected from calcium carbonate, kaolin, and talc. 3. The lightweight sheet according to claim 1, wherein the binder is latex.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3300682A JPS58151360A (en) | 1982-03-04 | 1982-03-04 | Lightweight sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3300682A JPS58151360A (en) | 1982-03-04 | 1982-03-04 | Lightweight sheet |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58151360A JPS58151360A (en) | 1983-09-08 |
| JPH0122210B2 true JPH0122210B2 (en) | 1989-04-25 |
Family
ID=12374737
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3300682A Granted JPS58151360A (en) | 1982-03-04 | 1982-03-04 | Lightweight sheet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58151360A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6081052A (en) * | 1983-10-07 | 1985-05-09 | 東レ株式会社 | Fiber material for reinforcing cement |
| US4775586A (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1988-10-04 | Armstrong World Industries, Inc. | Paper, paper products, films composites and other silicate-polymer, construction materials |
| WO2008078822A1 (en) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-07-03 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Rubber composition for tire |
-
1982
- 1982-03-04 JP JP3300682A patent/JPS58151360A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58151360A (en) | 1983-09-08 |
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