JPH01247492A - Heavy oil/water mixture fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve heavy oil concn. and stability, by formulating a heavy hydrocarbon, water, an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant into an oil-in-water type emulsion. CONSTITUTION:65-78% heavy hydrocarbon (a) which flows only when heated to a high temp. (e.g., oil-based asphalts), 22-35% water (b), an anionic surfactant (c) comprising a polymerizable hydrocarbon monomer or a polymn. or condensation product thereof and having a wt.-average MW not larger than 20,000 (e.g., condensate of naphthalenesulfonic acid with formaldehyde), a nonionic surfactant (d) comprising a polyether compd. obtd. by effecting addn. reaction of ethylene oxide (or an alkylene oxide mixture contg. the same) to a compd. having at least one active hydrogen atom per molecule or a deriv. of the polyether compd. and having a phase transition temp. of 50 deg.C, pref. 70 deg.C, or higher (e.g., homopolymer of nonylphenol ethylene oxide), the amt. of the mixture of components (c) and (d) being 0.2-25%, the proportion of (c)/(d) being 45-5/55-95, and optionally a nonionic surfactant (e) of the same type as component (d) having an HLB value of 8-14 are formulated into the title compsn. which is an oil-in-water type emulsion.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to heavy oil and water mixed fuel oil, and in particular to prime movers,
Concerns nine-heavy oil and water-mixed fuel oil that can be used in diesel, boiler, etc.

[Prior Art] Heavy oils such as oil sands and natural asphalt are attracting attention due to their reserves as fossil/sticky resources that are not included in crude oil, coal, and LNG. Also, in petroleum,
There is a large amount of asphalt or its heat treatment residues from which the distillate oil content has been removed, such as Na7f.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

These heavy oils are usually distilled under reduced pressure at temperatures between 420°C and 420°C.
It is an oily substance containing approximately 60% to 70% or more of a heavy fraction of 50° C. or higher, and either does not flow as it is or exhibits a high viscosity of several tens of centipoise or more. Therefore, in order to use it as a fuel, it is necessary to raise the temperature to a very high temperature through handling, Vi, atomization, etc. Also, it is easy to cause problems such as clogging of pipes, etc., and it is very difficult to use as a fuel and is rarely used. .

For this reason, these heavy oils are mixed with water to form oil-in-water droplets (O
/W), it is possible to achieve a low viscosity of the medium close to that of water, but if the heavy oil concentration decreases, it is not desirable as a fuel, so the heavy oil concentration is increased and adjusted to O/W type fuel. Dispersants and stabilizers are essential for this purpose.

In this way, by creating an O/W emulsion fuel by adding additives including water and a dispersant to heavy fuel oil that is highly viscous or solidified at room temperature, it can be heated at room temperature or up to several tens of degrees Celsius. It was necessary to improve it so that it could be non-linked by heating.

In view of the above-mentioned state of the art, the present invention aims to provide a heavy oil/water mixed fuel oil consisting of a stable oil-in-water emulsion with a high heavy oil content by specifying the types of additives. That is.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention provides an anionic surfactant consisting of (1) (a) a heavy hydrocarbon that does not flow unless heated to a high temperature, (1)) water, and (c) a polymerizable hydrocarbon monomer or its polymer or condensate. and (d) a polyether compound or a derivative thereof obtained by adding ethylene oxide or an alkylene oxide mixture containing ethylene oxide to a compound having one or more active hydrogen per molecular weight, and a nonionic interface with a phase inversion@degree of 50°C or higher. A heavy oil/water mixed fuel composition consisting of an oil-in-water emulsion composed of an activator, and (2) the above components further have a (θ)HLE value of 8 to 14.
This is a heavy oil/water mixed fuel composition containing the same type of nonionic surfactant as in (c) above.

Oil-in-water emulsion with the above structure (0/W)
Stable and heavy oil concentration of 65 to 78
% of highly concentrated heavy oil/water mixed fuel oil can be obtained.

The components of the present invention will be explained below.

(a): Heavy hydrocarbons that do not flow unless heated to high temperatures Those whose oil content is the heavy oil shown below, and those that solidify at room temperature are more desirable to flow when heated.

(a-1) Petroleum-based asphalts and their oil mixtures (a-2) Various processed products of petroleum-based asphalt, their intermediate products, residues, and their oil mixtures (a-3) High pour point oils or crude oils that do not flow at room temperature (a-4) Coal-based tar pitch and its oil mixture (a-
5) Bitumens (orinocotar, athabascabitumen) (b): Water (c) Anionic surfactant consisting of a dualizable hydrocarbon monomer or its polymer or condensate The anionic surfactant shown below, The polymerization average molecular weight range is preferably up to 20.000.

(c-1) An aliphatic aldehyde adduct of a sulfone compound of naphthalene, alkylnaphthalene, or alkylbenzene, or a salt thereof (c-2)! J geninsulfonate or its derivatives (
c-3) Polysterenosulfonic acid polymer or its salt (a-4) Synchlopentadiene sulfonic acid polymer or its salt (c-5) Sulfonated product of tar oil such as taren oil,
Salts thereof or aliphatic eldehyde addition polymers Note that the salts (c-1) to (c-5) are alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, and organic amine salts.

(d): A polyether compound or a derivative thereof, which is obtained by adding ethylene oxide or an alkylene oxide mixture containing ethylene oxide to a compound having one or more active hydrogen per molecular weight, and has a phase inversion temperature of 50°C, preferably 70°C.
Specific examples of compounds having active hydrogen in the nonionic surfactant molecule at a temperature of 0.degree. C. or higher include the following.

(d-1): Phenol, cresol, tertiary
Butylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, dinonylphenol, dodecylphenol, xylenol, naphthol, methylnaphthol, butylnaphthol, CH.

(d-2): Monohydric alcohols such as benzyl alcohol (d-3): Polyhydric alcohols such as catechol, resorcinol, pyrogallol, bisphenol A1, phenol-formalin condensate, etc. Along with anionic surfactants, it is essential as a stabilizer. Heavy oil has a high pour point and high viscosity, so it needs to be heated to form an emulsion.
℃, the phase inversion temperature was set to be 50℃ or higher.

(θ): H'LE value is 8 to 140 A nonionic surfactant similar to the above (a>) A nonionic surfactant similar to the nonionic surfactant of group (d) above,
As the alkylene oxide added to the compound having active hydrogen, ethylene oxide is used alone or together with other alkylene oxides. Proportion of ethyl oxide in all alkyl oxides viso% ~ 10
0% (wt%) is suitable. Examples of alkylene oxides other than ethyl oxide include globylene oxide and butylene oxide. The weight average molecular weight of the polyether compound is preferably 400 to 4.000,
Preferably it is between 500 and 5,000.

This nonionic surfactant (θ) is added to help stabilize the emulsion, and experiments have confirmed that those with HLB values in the range of 8 to 141Z) are effective. It is something that

An emulsion of heavy oil and water is prepared at a predetermined ratio of 2,
Generally, heavy oil is mixed so that it has a concentration of 65 to 78, and the additive of the present invention (anionic surfactant additive) is added and stirred. By doing this, the heavy oil is adjusted to form small droplets. The stirring method may be a very common paddle type or helical ribbon type stirring, but it is preferable to use high speed stirring known as a line mixer or the like. Also, this
Is it good to use both stirring methods together? Obtainable.

(a) when obtaining the heavy oil/water mixed fuel composition of the present invention;
Heavy oil, (b) water, (0) anionic surfactant, (d
) Nonionic surfactant and used as necessary (θ)
The composition of the nonionic surfactant is generally within the following range.

<1) ; (a) Heavy oil: (b) Water: (c) Anionic surfactant 4j: (a In the case of a composition consisting of a nonionic surfactant; (a); 65 to 78%, ( b); 22-6
5%, (c) + (a) i (L 2-2.5 section, (c
) / (d); 4 s / s s ~ 5/95 (21 (a) heavy oil: (b) water = (c) anionic surfactant: (d) nonionic surfactant; ( e) In the case of a composition consisting of a non-one-one surfactant; (a): 6
5-78%, (b): 22-35%, (c) +
(d) + (+3): 12-2.5%, (c)/(
d) + (a): s / q s ~4s155, (
e)/(a): 5/9s ~ 40/ISO normal,
Solid or very high viscosity heavy oil and the heavy oil of the present invention,
By creating a water-mixed fuel composition, it becomes possible to easily carry out atomization during combustion or at room temperature or with slight heating.

Next, one embodiment will be described.

(Example) Mix heavy oil and water with specified additives to make total g5cso
The mixture was mixed for 5 minutes using a double helical ribbon blade stirrer at 20 rpm, and then mixed for 3 minutes at 6000 rpm using a high-speed shear stirrer to prepare an emulsion.

The fluidity and static stability of this emulsion were evaluated by the following method.

(1) The viscosity of the emulsion whose fluidity has been adjusted is determined by measuring the viscosity with a Brookfield viscometer (12 rotations of Na20, 1 minute diameter measurement), and passing a constant fjk of the emulsion through a 100-mesh sieve, and measuring the viscosity after 10 minutes. The atomization rate was determined from the residual rate of the emulsion on the sieve obtained by measuring the On-sieve Of, and was evaluated as follows.

◎: Very good ○: Good △: Unsatisfactory ×: Poor (2) Static stability The above emulsion was placed in a sealed plastic bottle and stored at room temperature for one month, and then the fluidity evaluation described in (1) above was performed. Ta.

Composition examples of the present invention are shown in Table 1.

Tatami Anionic surfactant has a phase inversion temperature of 1115% and nonylphenol ethylene oxide homopoly-r-(
Mw 1,100) 80℃・Nonylphenol ethylene oxide homopolymer (MY
(500) 4oC・Benzyl alcohol homopolymer (Mwi, 100)
80℃・Benzyl alcohol homopolymer (Mw 600) 40
℃・Phenol-formalin condensate homopolymer (MY
2.000) as℃/phenol-formalin condensate homopolymer (Mw 1,
Table 2 shows the results of measuring the properties of heavy oil emulsions at 40°C using the present invention.

Table 2 Measurement results Table 2 Measurement results (continued) [Effects of the invention] Normally, solid or very high viscosity heavy oil is
By making a W-type emulsion of heavy oil and water mixed fuel composition, it is possible to obtain a fuel that can be easily handled and atomized during combustion at room temperature or slightly heated.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) (a) A heavy hydrocarbon that does not flow unless heated to a high temperature, (b) water, (c) an anionic surfactant made of a polymerizable hydrocarbon monomer or its polymer or condensate, and (d) Composed of a polyether compound or a derivative thereof, which is obtained by adding ethylene oxide or an alkylene oxide mixture containing ethylene oxide to a compound having one or more active hydrogen atoms per molecular weight, or a nonionic surfactant with a phase inversion temperature of 50°C or higher. A heavy oil/water mixed fuel composition comprising an oil-in-water emulsion. (2) The component of claim (1) further has (e) an HLB value of 8 to
A heavy oil/water mixed fuel composition characterized by containing a nonionic surfactant similar to the above (d) which is No. 14.