JPH0125537Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] When farmers fertilize their fields, they want to apply fertilizer to each field with different elements depending on the soil quality of the field.

However, some farmers apply as much as 50 tons of fertilizer per farm, so traditionally, due to labor constraints, three elements (nitrogen,
A standard combination fertilizer containing appropriate proportions of phosphoric acid and potassium was applied.

However, this standard combination fertilizer is more expensive than simple fertilizers, so it is necessary to purchase simple fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, mix them in the desired ratio according to the soil quality of each field, and then apply the mixed fertilizer. This not only promotes the growth of crops and increases yields, but is also economical.

Therefore, it is possible to mix the fertilizer in the hopper of the present invention and spread it, or to mix the fertilizer in the hopper and automatically lift and discharge the mixed fertilizer to the fertilizer spreader or fertilizer seeding machine. A fertilizer that can be supplied into a fertilizer tank or taken out to a required location, is economical as even simple fertilizers can be mixed and spread or taken out appropriately, and eliminates the above defects and achieves the purpose. This relates to a fertilizer removal device in a mixing spreader.

To explain the structure of one embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings, reference numeral 1 is a frame of a fertilizer mixing spreader, with mounting brackets 2 and 3 installed at the top and bottom of the front of the frame, and a spreading amount adjustment lever 4 provided at the middle part. .

Reference numeral 5 denotes a funnel-shaped hopper attached to the upper part of the frame 1, the lower end of which is formed into a bottomed cylindrical body 6, and a discharge port 7 is installed in the front part of the bottom plate.

A indicates a screw conveyor installed in the center of the hopper 5, and 8 is an outer cylinder of the screw conveyor a, which has a short upper cylinder and a long lower cylinder, with an opening 9 open in all directions between them. The lower cylinder is supported on the hopper 5 by radial support rods 11 at an appropriate distance above the bottom surface of the hopper 5. A discharge gutter 12 is attached to the upper discharge port of the tube 8, and a flexible tube 13 is connected to the tip thereof. Reference numeral 14 designates a locking pin protruding from the outer surface of the intermediate portion of the upper cylinder body of the outer cylinder 8, and 15 represents an opening/closing cylinder for the opening 9 of the outer cylinder 8, which loosely fits into the outer cylinder 8 and has a shape groove 16 at its upper edge. At the same time, the opening/closing cylinder 15 is lifted along the outer cylinder 8 and the hooking groove 16 of the opening/closing cylinder 15 is inserted into the locking pin 14.
When it is hooked to the opening 9, the opening 9 is held open. A conveyor shaft 17 is rotatably supported at the center of the outer cylinder 8, and a screw blade 18 is attached to this conveyor shaft.
On the other hand, the downward protrusion of the screw blade 18 from the outer cylinder 8 is formed so as to sequentially protrude outward as it goes downward.
A wall plate 19 is placed on the outer edge of the downward protrusion from the outer cylinder 8 of 8.
is erected, and the upper edge of the wall plate 19 is the outer cylinder 8.
close to the lower edge of. 20 is screw feather 18
a Z-shaped flap mounted on the upper end of the
is a Z-shaped protrusion blade removably attached to the middle part of the screw blade 18 facing the intermediate opening 9 of the outer cylinder 8; is inserted into the through hole of the screw blade 18, and the push-out blade 21 and the screw blade 18 are inserted.
The removable pin 23 is removably inserted into the through hole.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a funnel-shaped auxiliary hopper provided concentrically in the upper middle part of the hopper 5. The auxiliary hopper 24 is formed with a slightly steeper slope than the hopper 5, and has a number of vertical holes 25 in the upper part.
are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals. 26 is the auxiliary hopper 24
It is a dish-shaped resistance plate that is removably fitted to the outer cylinder 8 at an appropriate interval below the plate, and several horizontally elongated holes 27 are arranged in parallel at an appropriate interval at the lower end thereof. 28 is a swing blade attached to the conveyor shaft 17 close to the bottom surface of the hopper 5, 29 is an opening/closing plate rotatably provided below the hopper 5, and has an opening the same size as the discharge port 7 of the hopper 5. The arm rod 30 of the opening/closing plate 29 is connected to the tip of the spray amount adjustment lever 4 by connecting the rod 3.
Connect by 1.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a disc attached to the middle part of the downwardly projecting part of the conveyor shaft 17, and on its upper surface, arcuate scattering blades 33 having a U-shaped cross section are radially fixed. 34 is a gear housing attached to the lower part of the frame 1, and the power intake shaft 35 protruding from the front thereof and the conveyor shaft 17 are connected by a bevel gear mechanism housed in the gear housing 34, although not shown. do. 36 is an upper scattering prevention plate fitted to the bottomed cylinder 6 of the hopper 5; 37 is the frame 1;
This is a front shatter prevention plate attached to the lower front part.

Then, the mounting brackets 2 and 3 of the frame 1 are attached to the three-point link hitch 38 of the tractor, and the power output shaft (not shown) of the tractor and the power input shaft 35 of the gear housing 34 are connected to the universal joint at both ends. They are connected by an extendable transmission shaft 39 provided with an inlet.

Next, its effect will be explained. First, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the opening/closing tube 15 is lifted and its hook groove 16 is hooked onto the locking pin 14 to open the opening 9.

On the other hand, operate the lever 4 to move the connecting rod 31 and the arm rod 30.
The opening/closing plate 29 is rotated through the opening/closing plate 29, thereby closing the discharge port 7 of the hopper 5.

Therefore, if necessary simple fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potash are put into the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24 at a desired ratio and the power output shaft of the tractor is driven, the power output shaft is connected to the transmission shaft 39 and the power output shaft is driven. Since the conveyor shaft 17 rotates via the intake shaft 35 and the bevel gear mechanism in the gear casing 34, the fertilizer located at the lower end of the hopper 5 is stirred by the swinging blade 28 and transferred to the bottomed cylinder 6. The fertilizer located inside is held inward by the wall plate 19, and the screw blade 18
The wall plate 19 prevents the fertilizer located on the lower protrusion from the outer cylinder 8 from being pushed outward, and the fertilizer located inside the wall plate 19 is removed by the screw blade 18 from the lower part of the outer cylinder 8. The inside of the body is lifted up, splashed out by the blades 21 at the opening 9, and dispersed and dropped into the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24, and the above actions are performed continuously in order, and the body is located at the upper outer part of the hopper 5. The fertilizer descends between the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24, the fertilizer located inside the auxiliary hopper 24 descends along the outer cylinder 8, and the fertilizer located outside passes through the vertical hole 25. It reaches between the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24. Therefore, the fertilizer descending in the outer part between the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24 descends along the peripheral wall of the hopper 5 and between it and the resistance plate 26, and descends in the inner part between the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24. The fertilizer descending from the lower opening of the auxiliary hopper 24 reaches the resistance plate 26 and is once caught by the resistance plate 26, and the fertilizer descending inside the resistance plate 26 reaches the resistance plate 26.
The fertilizer that passes through the horizontally elongated hole 27 of 6 and descends along the outer cylinder 8 and descends on the outer part reaches from the outer edge of the resistance plate 26 to between it and the hopper 5, descends along the hopper 5, and passes through the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper. The fertilizer in the container 24 is circulated while descending almost uniformly over the entire surface, and its mixing action is performed to produce a mixed fertilizer with the required component ratio.

Therefore, when spreading fertilizer after that, start moving the tractor forward, operate the lever 4 as appropriate, rotate the opening/closing plate 29, and open the discharge port 7 of the hopper 5. While the fertilizer in 24 is being mixed in the same manner as above,
The fertilizer falls onto the rotating disk 32, is swung out by the blades 33, and is scattered toward the rear of the machine, thereby dispersing the desired mixed fertilizer.

At this time, by appropriately operating the lever 4, the opening degree of the discharge port 7 can be changed to a large or small size to adjust the amount of fertilizer to be spread.

On the other hand, when mixing simple fertilizer and supplying it to the fertilizer tank of a fertilizer applicator or fertilizer seeding machine, mix the simple fertilizer in the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24 at the desired ratio by performing the same operation as above. Make mixed fertilizer.

Therefore, after stopping the rotation of the power output shaft of the tractor and stopping the operation of the screw conveyor a, pulling out the detachable pin 23 and removing the spring blade 21, the locking groove 16 of the opening/closing cylinder 15 is fixed to the locking pin. 14 and lower the opening/closing tube 15 to close the opening 9 with the opening/closing tube 15 as shown in FIG.

Thereafter, when the power output shaft of the tractor is driven with the tip of the flexible tube 13 facing the fertilizer tank of a fertilizer applicator or fertilizer seeding machine, or the desired deposition location of mixed fertilizer, the hopper 5 and the auxiliary hopper 24 are The mixed fertilizer is sequentially lifted up inside the outer cylinder 8 to its upper end by the screw blades 18 of the screw conveyor a, and is pushed out into the discharge gutter 12 by the blades 20, and is discharged from the tip of the flexible pipe 13 to the outside of the machine. It can be supplied to the fertilizer tank of a fertilizer applicator or fertilizer seeding machine, or taken out to a required location.

It should be noted that even if the dish-shaped resistance plate 26 is mounted upside down and in an umbrella shape and fitted into the outer cylinder 8, the same effect as described above will occur.

In the present invention, the fertilizer dispensing device in the fertilizer mixing spreader is configured as described above, so that by opening the middle opening of the outer cylinder of the screw conveyor and driving the screw conveyor, the fertilizer in the hopper can be properly removed. It is possible to create a uniform mixed fertilizer by evenly mixing simple fertilizers that are circulated and are cheaper than compounded fertilizers, which reduces fertilizer costs and makes it economical.In addition, the required simple fertilizer can be directly put into the hopper. Not only is it convenient for farmers to easily and quickly create a mixed fertilizer with a proportion of ingredients depending on the soil quality of their field, but it is also convenient for their work.
It is possible to increase the yield of crops.

Furthermore, since one machine can be used both as a fertilizer spreader and as a mixer, it is economical by reducing equipment costs for farmers. By removing the intermediate blade of the screw conveyor and closing the opening with an opening/closing cylinder, the screw conveyor can also be used to take out the mixed fertilizer. By connecting a flexible pipe to the discharge gutter, the mixed fertilizer in the hopper can be immediately supplied directly into the fertilizer tank of a fertilizer applicator or fertilizer seeding machine, or can be taken out to any location, saving time and effort. It saves money and reduces fatigue even when working for long hours, improving work efficiency.

In addition, a push-out blade is attached to the upper end of the screw blade, and a removable push-out blade is installed to the middle part of the screw blade, so that the screw blade can be easily used regardless of whether the machine is used as a spreader or a mixer. The fertilizer lifted up in the Yukon conveyor can be quickly and efficiently splashed out by the splashing blades, making the work more efficient.Moreover, the structure is simple and can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, and the switching operation is simple. There are other effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a fertilizer mixer and spreader according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state during mixing and spreading of fertilizer. FIGS. 2 and 3 are side sectional views of the main parts, with FIG. 2 showing the state when the fertilizer is being mixed and spread, and FIG. 3 showing the state when the fertilizer is being taken out. Figure 4 is a plan view of the same as above, Figure 5 is the - of Figure 2.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the resistance plate, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged rear sectional view of a removable spring blade attachment portion at the intermediate portion of the screw conveyor. 5...Hopper, 7...Discharge port, a...Screw conveyor, 8...Outer cylinder, 9...Opening, 12...
...Discharge gutter, 15... Opening/closing tube, 18... Screw blade, 20, 21... Splashing blade, 29... Opening/closing plate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A screw conveyor for lifting up the fertilizer in the hopper is installed in the center of a funnel-shaped hopper equipped with a discharge port with an opening/closing plate at the bottom, and a discharge port is provided at the upper end of the outer cylinder of the screw conveyor. , the middle part has an opening open on all sides, a discharge gutter is attached to the upper end of the outer cylinder, and the middle part has an opening/closing cylinder that is alternately raised or lowered and locked to open and close the opening. Loosely fit the screw conveyor into the screw conveyor, and install a spring-out blade into the discharge gutter on the upper end of the screw blade of the screw conveyor, and a removable spring-out blade on the middle part facing the middle opening of the outer cylinder. A fertilizer take-out device in a fertilizer mixing spreader.