JPH01271082A - Welding method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily weld even materials with a complicated shape by reducing the distance between the abutting surfaces corresponding to each other at the end position at least in the surface direction to cross the plate thickness direction. CONSTITUTION:The abutting surfaces 1a and 2a between base metal 2 to be welded provided with a projecting part 3 and the other base metal 1 to be welded are provided in parallel on the same plane so that these surfaces are corresponded to each other. When the distance between the abutting surfaces 1a and 2a at this time is denoted by delta, at the position of the base metal 2 to be welded where the projecting part 3 is provided, when the quantity of projection of the projecting part 3 is denoted by deltao, the distance between the abutting surfaces is made to deltaS=delta-deltao and a gap at the position where the projecting part 3 is provided is reduced substantially by for deltao. Accordingly, a welding start part 4 is made in the same state as being tacked by filler metal and welding is performed very easily and residual stress is prevented from being generated and the deposition surface without a weld zone bead is formed by making the position where the projecting part 3 is provided to the welding start part 4 of butt welding.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a method for butt welding plate materials.

(Prior art) Conventionally, TrG welding involves welding by generating an arc between a tungsten electrode and the base metal to be welded, laser welding uses a convergent beam of laser light as a heat source, or welding using a cathode in a high vacuum chamber. Like electron beam welding, which converges and accelerates emitted electrons and uses the energy of collision with the base metal to perform welding, welding is performed in the thickness direction of the plate materials and on the butt surfaces without supplying filler metal. As shown in Figure 6, 2
The gap between the two base materials to be welded had to be within 16 ba cents of the plate thickness. If the gap exceeds the normal allowable limit of 10%, cracks may occur due to residual stress in the coarse grained area near the weld, resulting in poor welding quality and defective parts. Ta.

Therefore, as shown in Figure 7, by temporarily fixing the welding start part with Soirametal 10 or the like, welding is possible even if the gap between the two base materials is 10% or more of the plate thickness. Therefore, this method was used.

In addition, as a method of increasing the permissible gap limit without performing the above-mentioned temporary fixing, a method has been proposed in which the abutting surfaces are welded with an inclination, for example, by cutting, as shown in Figure 8. 62-155980).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the conventional welding method described above, the gap between the abutting surfaces of the two base materials to be welded is kept within 10% of the thickness of the base materials, and the two sheets are attached to the welding table. The work of temporarily fixing the welding start part in advance hinders production efficiency. Further, when providing an inclination to the abutting surfaces by cutting or the like, if the two base materials to be welded have a complicated shape, there is a drawback that it becomes difficult to cut the welded material at an inclination.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to eliminate the need for temporary fixing with filler metal etc. even if a large gap exceeding the allowable limit occurs (and to eliminate the need for temporary fixing with filler metal etc.). The purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding method that can easily weld even complex shapes without cutting the base material and creating an inclination.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the welding method of the present invention, in a welding method of welding abutting surfaces that correspond to each other in the thickness direction of a plate material, etc. Butt welding is performed by reducing the distance between the corresponding abutting surfaces in the surface direction (both at the end positions).

(Function) In the welding method configured as described above, the allowable limit for the gap in the case of butt welding is approximately 10% of the plate thickness, but if the welding start part can be joined without separating, Since welding can be performed even if the gap is 10% or more of the plate thickness, since the protrusion is provided, welding can be performed by the same effect as temporary fixing with filler metal. Welding can be ensured by providing a plurality of projections on the abutting surfaces.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the protrusion, and Fig. 3 is a tliT with multiple protrusions.
4 is a side sectional view of the tapered protrusion, and FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the sawtooth protrusion.

In FIG. 1, 1.2 is a base material to be welded such as a plate material, and 3 is a protrusion. The base materials 1 and 2 to be welded, such as plate materials, have the same thickness, and abutment surfaces 1a and 2a are provided as mutually corresponding weld surfaces in the thickness direction of the base materials 1 and 2 to be welded. be. A protrusion 3 is provided on one side of this abutting surface, for example, on the 2a side, at least at an end position in a surface direction intersecting the plate thickness direction. This protrusion 3 is formed with a slight width also in the rear direction of the figure, and the above-mentioned T
In any case of IG welding, laser welding, or electron beam welding, the abutting surfaces melt faster than other abutting surfaces, resulting in the same state as temporary fixing with filler metal. The abutting surfaces 1a and 2a of the base material 2 to be welded provided with such a protrusion 3 and the other base material 1 to be welded are arranged side by side on the same plane so as to correspond to each other. If the distance (gap) between the abutting surfaces 1a and 2a at this time is δ, then at the position where the protrusion 3 is provided on the base material 2 to be welded, the protrusion amount of the protrusion 3 is δ. Then, the gear is δ, = δ−δ. Therefore, the gap at the position where the protrusion 3 is substantially provided is δ. It will be less by that amount. Therefore, by setting the position where this protrusion 3 is provided as the welding start part 4 of butt welding, as shown in FIG. This process is extremely easy, produces no residual stress, and forms a welded surface with no weld bead.

In FIG. 3, a plurality of protrusions are provided, and the protrusions are shown, for example, at two locations on the 1 side of the base material to be welded and at one location on the 2 side of the base material to be welded. One of these plurality of protrusions is provided at least at an end position in the surface direction intersecting the plate thickness direction of the abutting surfaces. In the case of FIG. The second protrusion 3b is provided on the abutment surface 1a, and the third protrusion 3C is provided on the abutment surface 2a of the base material 2 to be welded. 1. It is provided at a position corresponding to between the second projections 3a and 3b. With such a configuration, the position where the first protrusion 3a is provided is the welding start part 4 of welding.
By doing so, welding can be performed extremely well and a welded surface without a weld bead can be formed.

In Fig. 4, a tapered protrusion is provided on one abutting surface of the base material to be welded, and this protrusion is provided vertically along the plate thickness direction on the abutting surface 2a of the base material to be welded 2. It has a tapered protrusion 3d that is maximum at least at the end position in the surface direction. The welding start portion 4 is defined as the position of the minimum gap between the protrusion, which is maximum at the end position in the surface direction, and the base material 1 to be welded.

In FIG. 5, a plurality of serrated protrusions 3e are provided in the surface direction of at least one of the abutting surfaces. If the protrusion amount of the serrated protrusion 3e is uneven, it can be adjusted by pressing it against the mutually corresponding abutting surfaces 1a and 2a of the base materials 1 and 2 to be welded. and,
The protrusion amount δ of the sawtooth protrusion 3e. is larger than the normally required gap tolerance limit δ, and the abutment surface 1a
.

By pressing 2a together, the amount of protrusion δ is increased. It is also possible to deform the welding start portion of the abutting surfaces to bring them closer to a close contact state.

With each side described above, welding is possible even if there is a gap of 30 to 50 percent of the plate thickness as long as the welding start part is not separated, and it is possible to obtain a welding surface without a weld bead.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above in detail, the welding method of the present invention is a welding method for welding the butt surfaces of plates or the like that correspond to each other in the tentative JW direction, at least at the ends in the surface direction intersecting the plate thickness direction. Since butt welding is performed by reducing the distance between the corresponding butt surfaces at the welding position, the welding start part can be stabilized in the same way as when the base material to be welded is temporarily fastened with filler metal in advance. . In addition, there is an advantage that even complex shapes can be easily welded without cutting the base material to be welded to provide an inclination.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show embodiments of the present invention.
The figure is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the protrusion, and Figure 3 is a perspective view of the protrusion.
The figure is a sectional view of a steamed bun with a plurality of protrusions, FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of a tapered protrusion, FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a serrated protrusion, and FIGS. 6 to 8 shows a conventional example. 1, 2... Base material to be welded, la, 2a... Butt surface,
3.3a to 3e... protrusion, 4... welding start part. (Warning 7) 116J Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8 Procedural amendment (Senior control June 17, 1988 1, Indication of the case 1988 Patent Application No. 99791 2, Invention Name Welding Method 3, Relationship with the person making the amendment Patent applicant name (583) Matsushita Electric Works Co., Ltd. 4, Agent 160 Address 7th floor, Mizota Building 2, 7-5-10 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Telephone (03) No. 365-1982・□Name Patent Attorney (610B) Satoshi Takayama:: Real Estate, Den 5, Subject of Amendment 6, Contents of Amendment (1) Page 2, Lines 6 to 7 of the Specification ``Cracks, etc. occur due to residual stress in the coarse grained part near the welded area''
The statement has been corrected to read, ``There is a drop in melting.'' (2) On page 6, lines 3 and 4, the statement ``No residual stress is generated and a welded surface without a weld bead is formed.'' has been replaced with ``No weld drop occurs. ” he corrected.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a welding method for welding butt surfaces that correspond to each other in the thickness direction of a plate material, etc., the distance between the corresponding butt surfaces is reduced at least at an end position in a surface direction that intersects with the thickness direction of the plate, and butt welding is performed. A welding method characterized by processing.