JPH01289640A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve working efficiency by providing a working region in a machine body to move drivably a working tool in said region and further moving any portion of a workpiece holding plane between positions inside and outside said region so that the workpiece can be mounted while another one is worked within said region. CONSTITUTION:A tool head 26 is drivably moved in a working region WA provided in a machine body 2. The axis CT1 of a workpiece holding turn table 3 is provided spaced by a distance L1 from a stand-by position WP of the tool axis CT2 of the tool head 26 so that the table 3 is rotated between positions inside and outside the working region WA. Thus, when the workpiece held by any position on the rotary table 3 is worked in the workpiece working region WA, another workpiece can be mounted in a position outside the region WA on the table 3 to improve the working efficiency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a machine tool such as a machining center that can continuously index and efficiently process workpieces.

(b), Prior Art Conventionally, in a machine tool such as a machining center that has a rotatably indexable table and a head that is movable up and down above the table, in order to process a workpiece, the workpiece is first It is held on a pallet and the pallet is mounted on a table. In this state, the head was moved up and down along with the tool, and the workpiece was machined using the tool. Note that while the workpiece was being processed, the worker was loading the next workpiece to be processed onto another pallet.

After the machining of the workpiece held on the pallet on the table is completed, the pallet holding the processed workpiece is removed from the table, and the pallet and the pallet holding the new workpiece to be machined next are separated. , the pallet was exchanged using a pallet exchange device, and in that state, a new workpiece was mounted on the table via the pallet and processed.

(C) 0 Problems to be solved by the invention However, this requires a pallet changing device to be installed in the machine tool.
This had the disadvantage of making the machine tools more complex and larger. In addition, it is not possible to process the workpiece while the pallet is being replaced, resulting in a reduction in processing efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a machine tool that is small in size and capable of continuously processing workpieces efficiently.

(d) Means for Solving Problem 1 The present invention has one machine body (2), and the machine body (2) is provided with a machining area (WA) and a tool holder capable of detachably holding a tool. The means (25, 26) are provided in such a manner that the tool can be moved and driven in the processing area (WA), and the workpiece holding means (9) is further provided on the machine body (2).
) is configured to be freely movably driven so that any part of the work holding surface (9a) formed in the workpiece holding surface (9a) can be moved between the processing area (WA) and the outside of the processing area (WA).

Note that numbers in parentheses are for convenience and indicate corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore, this description is not limited to the descriptions on the drawings.
The same applies to the column ``, action''.

(e) 0 effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention provides a workpiece holding surface (9a).
The workpiece (19) is mounted on an arbitrary part of the workpiece holding means (9), and the workpiece holding means (9) is moved to move the workpiece (19) into the machining area (WA), and in this state, the tool holding means (25) is moved. ，
26) is moved to move the tool in the processing area (WA), and the tool acts to process the workpiece (19).

(f), Example The present invention will be described in detail below based on one drawing.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention.

2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are views showing the table of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1.

Figure 6 is a plan view showing the main parts of the table shown in Figure 4, Figure 7 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the head of the machine tool shown in Figure 1 and the workpiece held on the table, and Figure 8 is 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between Δ of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 and the first holding area formed on the rad table. FIG.

A machine tool 1 such as a machining center has a body 2 as shown in FIG. Rails 21a, 21a are provided parallel to the directions of arrows A and B (ie, the X-axis direction). Guide rails 21a, 2
1a, as shown in FIG. 3, the column 22 is inserted in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in the figure, That is, in the directions of arrows A and B (X-axis direction) in FIG.
Column 2
2, two guide rails 23a, 23a constituting the upper linear motion guide bearing 23 are provided parallel to the directions of arrows C and D (i.e., the Y-axis direction), which are the left and right directions in the figure. It is being

As shown in FIG. 3, the saddle 25 is attached to the guide rails 23a, 23a through a plurality of nuts 23b that constitute the upper linear motion guide bearing 23 provided at the lower end in the figure, and is moved to the standby position. From W I) in the direction of arrows C and D (Y-axis direction)
The head 26 is provided on the saddle 25 in such a way that it can protrude and retreat by distances L: 3 and L3, respectively.
．． It is installed in such a way that it can be raised and lowered within a range of 5. A tool spindle 26a is provided on the head 26 in a manner that can rotate freely about its axis CT2.
A tool (not shown) can be removably attached to a. Here, the standby position WP is the tool spindle 26a
The axis CT2 is the work holding member 9 of the table 3, which will be described later.
It means a position eccentric by a predetermined distance 1sL1 from the rotation center CTI in the directions of arrows C and D (Y-axis direction).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the machine body 2 has a processing area WA for processing the workpiece mounted on the table 3, that is, a column 22 and a saddle 25, respectively, from the standby position WP. Distances L2, L2 and L3 in the X and Y axis directions. When the head 26 is driven to move by L3 and the head 26 is moved in two axial directions over a distance ML5, the head 26
An area (area surrounded by imaginary lines shown in FIGS. 1 to 3) is provided in which a tool attached to the tool can move.

Note that the saddle 25 is equipped with an ATCJ! that performs tool exchange with the head 26. ji127 is provided.

Also, on the fuselage 2, as shown in Fig. 3.

A table 3 is provided, and the table 3 has a base 5 fixed to the body 2 as shown in FIG. A bearing portion 5a is formed in the base 5 in a cylindrical shape.
The base 5 also has a worm shaft 1 as shown in FIG.
1 is supported rotatably in the direction of arrow J. A timing pulley 13 is attached to the right end lie of the worm shaft 11 in the figure, and the arrow J of the worm shaft 11 is attached to the left end 11f of the worm shaft 11 via a connecting member 29. An encoder 30 is connected to detect the amount of rotation in the direction.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the base 5 is provided with a drive motor 15, and the drive motor 15 has a shaft 15a.
is rotatably provided above the worm shaft 11 in FIG. 6 by a predetermined distance. A timing pulley 16 is attached to the shaft 15a, and a timing belt 17 is stretched between the timing pulleys 16 and 13. Note that a worm lla is formed at the center of the worm shaft 11 in the figure.

Incidentally, above the base 5 shown in FIG.
The work holding member 9 is provided rotatably in the H direction.
On the lower surface 9e in the figure, there is a connecting ring 1 formed in an annular shape.
0b is provided. A worm wheel 12 is attached to the lower end 10e of the connecting ring 10b in the figure.
The worm wheel 12 meshes with the worm lla of the worm shaft 11 described above. Further, a work holding surface 9a is formed in a planar shape at the upper part of the work holding member 9 shown in FIG. 4, and a plurality of work holding grooves 9b are bored in parallel in the work holding surface 9a. ing. In addition, the seventh
A plurality of workpieces 19 are held at predetermined intervals on the workpiece holding surface 9a shown in the figure via a mounting jig (not shown) and each workpiece holding groove 9b.

Since the machine tool 1 has the above configuration, in order to continuously machine a plurality of workpieces 19 using the machine tool 1, the workpiece 19 to be machined first is placed in the table 3 shown in FIG. Of the workpiece holding surface 9a, the holding surface 98 is attached to a portion of the holding surface 98 that does not enter the processing area WA via a mounting jig (not shown) and a workpiece holding groove 9b. Next, the work holding surface 9
The workpiece 19 mounted on a is positioned at a standby position w1wp within the processing area WA by indexing the table 3. To do this, the drive motor 15 shown in FIG. 6 is driven to appropriately rotate the shaft 15a together with the timing pulley 16. Then, the worm shaft 11 is driven by the shaft 15a through the timing pulley 16, timing belt 17, timing pulley 13, etc., and rotates by a predetermined angle in the direction of arrow J. Then, the workpiece holding member 9 shown in FIG.
, rotates by a predetermined angle in the directions of arrows G and H via the worm wheel 12, the connecting ring 10b, etc.

The workpiece 19 held on the workpiece holding member 9 is
It is positioned at a standby position wp in the processing area WA shown in the figure.

In this way, when the workpiece 19 to be machined is positioned at the standby position WP, the column 22 shown in FIG.
Drive the saddle 25 in the B direction (X-axis direction), and
The rotary tool (not shown) mounted on the tool spindle 26a of the head 26 is excited to move from the standby position WP in the directions of arrows C and D (Y-axis direction) together with the head 26 via the upper linear motion guide bearing 23 and the like. ) to a predetermined machining start position 6 Next, rotate the rotary tool, and in this state move the column 22 in the directions of arrows A and B (X-axis direction), and move the saddle 25 together with the head 26 in the directions of arrows C and D ( Y-axis direction), the workpiece 1.9 on the table 3 positioned at the standby position WP is subjected to a predetermined milling process or the like using a rotary tool.

Note that during workpiece processing, among the workpiece holding surfaces 9a of the table 3 shown in FIG. 7, the holding surface 98 that is not included in the processing area WA
A workpiece 19 to be processed next is attached to the part. In addition,
At this time, since the head 26 moves within the processing area WA and processes the workpiece 19, there is no interference between the workpiece 19 to be processed first and the head 26, etc., and the processing to be performed next can be carried out smoothly. You can make arrangements.

When the workpiece 19 has been processed in a predetermined manner, the shaft 15a is rotated by exciting the excitation motor 15 shown in FIG. 6, and the timing pulley 13.1 is rotated.
6 and the timing belt 17, etc., the worm shaft 1
1 along with the worm 11a in the direction of arrow J. Then, the workpiece holding member 9 of the table 3 shown in FIG.
is rotated by a predetermined angle in the directions of arrows G and H via the worm 11a, worm wheel 12, connection ring 10b, etc., so that the next workpiece 19 mounted on the workpiece holding member 9 is moved to the third The workpiece 19, which is positioned at a standby position wp within the processing area WA shown in the figure and has already been subjected to a predetermined processing, is positioned at a predetermined position outside the processing area WA.

Next, in this state, the column 22 shown in FIG.

Move the saddle 25 in the direction of arrows A and B (X-axis direction) in the direction of arrow C,
The rotary tool mounted on the head 26 moves the workpiece 19 to be processed next, which is positioned at the standby position WP in the processing area WA shown in FIG. Process by. During the machining, the machined workpiece 19 positioned at a predetermined position outside the machining area WA is removed from the workpiece holding surface 9a of the table 3, and the workpiece 19 is removed from the position where the workpiece 19 was mounted and the workpieces near the position. A new workpiece 1 is placed on the holding surface 9a.
Attach 9. And the waiting position in the processing area WA! ! W
With respect to the workpiece 19 positioned at P.

After the predetermined machining has been performed, the workpiece holding member 9 is rotated by a predetermined angle in the directions of arrows G and H, and a new workpiece 19 mounted on the workpiece holding member 9 is moved to the machining area WA shown in FIG. The machine is positioned at a standby position wp and predetermined milling or other processing is performed.

By repeating this series of workpiece machining operations, a plurality of workpieces 19 are continuously machined.

In the above-described embodiment, the workpieces 19 to be machined are sequentially held on the workpiece holding surface 9a of the table 3 via a mounting jig (not shown) and the workpiece holding groove 9b, and the held workpieces 19 are held on the workpiece holding surface 9a of the table 3. Determine and process area WA
The case where processing is performed by positioning at the standby position WP within the machine has been described.

However, the method for processing the workpiece 19 is not limited to this. A plurality of workpieces to be processed are set in advance on the table 3 as shown in FIG. 7, and the workpieces are sequentially indexed on the table 3. Naturally, it is also possible to process the material.

Furthermore, it is also possible to process the workpiece 19 as described in the first section. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the workpiece holding surface 9a of the table 3 is divided into two parts, a first holding area AREI and second holding areas A, R, and E2, and the first holding area is indicated by diagonal lines in the figure. AREI is positioned below the rotation center CTI shown in FIG. 8, and the second holding area AR in FIG.
In this state, the workpiece 19 to be processed in the area ARE1 is placed in the workpiece holding groove 9b shown in FIG.
A predetermined number of workpiece holding grooves 9b are installed via the first and first holding areas AREI (not shown in FIG. 8). In this state, the workpiece holding member 9 of the table 3 is appropriately rotated in the directions of arrows G and H, and the workpiece is attached to the first holding area AR.
E1 into the machining area WA, and move the column 22 shown in FIG.
By moving and driving the head 26 in the directions of arrows C and D (Y-axis direction), the head 26 is positioned above the first holding area ARE1, as shown in FIG.

Next, in this state, move the column 22 shown in FIG.
By moving the saddle 25 together with the head 26 in the arrow C and D directions (Y-axis direction), the table 3 is held in the @1 holding area ARE l on the table 3 shown in FIG. 8. The head 2
Machining such as 'C milling is performed using a rotary tool attached to 6. In addition, at this time, table 3 shown in FIG.
A predetermined number of workpieces 19 to be processed next are mounted on the workpiece holding surface 9a excluding the first holding area AREl (hereinafter referred to as the second holding area ARE2).

In this way, when the workpiece 19 mounted on the first holding area ARE1 of the workpiece holding surface 9a shown in FIG. The column 22 shown in FIG. 2 is rotated by 180''.
axial direction), move the saddle 25 along with the head 26 along arrows C and D.
By moving and driving the head 2 in the direction (Y-axis direction),
6 is positioned above the second holding area ARE 2 as shown in FIG. In this state, the workpiece 19 in the second holding area ARE2 is processed by the rotary tool mounted on the head 26.

In addition, in order to process a workpiece with a large machining diameter, the workpiece is mounted on the workpiece holding member 9 of the table 3, and in that state, the part of the workpiece that has entered the machining area WA is moved to the head 26. When the workpiece part in the processing area WA where processing such as milling is to be performed with the attached rotary tool has been processed, the workpiece holding member 9 is appropriately rotated together with the workpiece in the directions of arrows G and H to remove the unfinished part of the workpiece. The processed portion is placed in the processed area WA, and the unprocessed portion is processed. By repeating these machining operations,
Machining the entire workpiece with a large diameter.

In the above-described embodiment, a case was described in which a rotary tool was attached to the head 26 and the workpiece 19 on the table 3 was processed by the rotary tool. However, while a turning tool is attached to the tool spindle 26a, the workpiece 19 is held on the workpiece holding member 9 of the table 3, and in this state, the workpiece holding member 9 is immediately rotated together with the workpiece 19 in the direction of arrow G or H. It is also possible to turn the workpiece 19 using a turning tool.

(g) 0 Effects of the Invention As explained above, according to the present invention, the machine body 2 is provided with a machining area WA, a saddle 25 that can detachably hold a tool, and a head. A tool holding means such as 26 is provided in such a manner that the tool can be freely moved and driven within the machining area WA, and a work holding member 9 is provided on the machine body 2.
Any part of the work holding surface 9a formed on the holding means is the processing area WA and the area WA.
Since the workpiece 19 is configured to be freely movable and driveable so that it can be moved to and from the outside, the workpiece 19 can be placed on any part of the workpiece holding surface 9a.
The work holding means equipped with the workpiece 19 is moved and driven.
is placed in the machining area WA, and in this state, the workpiece 19 can be machined with the tool held by the tool holding means. As a result, while the workpiece 19 in the processing area is being processed, the workpiece holding surface 9a of the workpiece holding means outside the processing area is
A workpiece 19 to be processed next can be mounted, and processing efficiency can be improved.

Further, even if the machining diameter of the workpiece 19 held on the workpiece holding surface 9a of the workpiece holding means is large.

By appropriately moving the workpiece holding means together with the workpiece, the unprocessed portions of the workpiece can be sequentially brought into the machining area WA, and in this state, the tool can be moved and driven to process the unprocessed portions. Therefore, when machining a workpiece, the head 26 is moved from the standby position Hwp, which is outside the machining area, to Y.
It is no longer necessary to protrude significantly in the axial direction, and the saddle 26
It becomes possible to accurately machine a workpiece with a large diameter while minimizing the deflection that occurs in the tool holding means such as the above.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a side view of Fig. 1, and Figs. Figure 6 is a plan view showing the main parts of the table in Figure 4. Figure 7 is the head of the machine tool shown in Figure 1 and the table held on the table. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the head of the machine tool shown in FIG. 1 and the first holding area formed on the table. 1... Machine tool 2... Machine body 9... Work holding means (work holding member) 9a
...Work holding surface 25... Tool holding means (saddle) 26...
...Tool holding means (head) WA...Processing area Applicant Yamazaki Mazatuku Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney A1) Shinji (and 2 others), 1-A) Ika (Jishusaka)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] The machine has a machine body, and the machine body is provided with a machining area, and a tool holding means capable of detachably holding a tool is provided in a form that allows the tool to be moved and driven in the machining area, further comprising: A workpiece, wherein a workpiece holding means is provided on the machine body so that any part of a workpiece holding surface formed on the holding means can be moved and driven between the processing area and the outside of the processing area. machine.