JPH0129644B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a turret-shaped cutting unit with a multi-axis spindle head.

[Prior art and its problems]

Vertical or horizontal type (horizontal type) with a multi-axis spindle head (hereinafter referred to as a quenching head)
In the turret type cutting unit, in addition to a slide mechanism that slides the entire cutting unit along a predetermined slide guide surface, there is also an indexing mechanism that indexes the turret head, and a rotation drive that rotates the spindle of the gearing head. At least two drive systems with mechanisms are required.

Regarding the layout of each of these mechanisms, for example, in the case of a horizontal cutting unit, a casing is installed on a slide table that slides along a predetermined slide guide surface, and the indexing mechanism and the above-mentioned indexing mechanism are installed inside this casing. It is common to house a rotary drive mechanism and to mount an indexable and rotatable turret head on the casing.

In other words, in the conventional structure, the motor and transmission gear train constituting each of the above mechanisms are arranged between the slide guide surface and the turret head, which not only increases the size of the entire cutting unit, but also increases the overall size of the cutting unit.
The distance from the slide guide surface to the spindle of the gearing head increases. Therefore, the rigidity against the load accompanying the cutting feed thrust, that is, the cutting resistance, is low, and there is a risk that machining accuracy may be lowered, making it unsuitable for heavy cutting. The same can be said of the vertical cutting unit.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention aims to reduce the size of the cutting unit and at the same time improve cutting rigidity by reducing the distance from the slide guide surface to the gearing head as much as possible, thereby creating a turret that can adequately handle heavy cutting. The purpose is to provide a shape cutting unit.

[Structure of the invention]

In the present invention, while arranging the turret head at a position close to the slide table, the motor for the indexing mechanism and the motor for driving the spindle rotation, which were conventionally separate and independent, are shared, and this shared motor is used as the turret head. Its feature is that it is placed on the side opposite to the slide table side.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS More specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking a horizontal turret-type cutting unit as an example.

1 and 2 are overall explanatory diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a bed, 2 is a slide table that can slide on a base 3, and 4 is a 6-turret type mounted on the slide table 2. Cutting unit, 5 is a jig for positioning the workpiece, 6
is the control panel.

The cutting unit 4, as shown in FIG.
Column 10 fixed on slide table 2
and arranged around the outer periphery of the column 10, so that the column 1
A turret head 11 that can be indexed and rotated about the vertical center of 0, and a multi-axis spindle head (hereinafter referred to as
In addition to column 12 (referred to as gigang head)
1, and an NC motor 14 as a drive source fixed to the side surface of the auxiliary column 13 so that its motor output shaft 14a is parallel to the slide table 2.

A gear 15 is fixed to the motor output shaft 14a, and this gear 15 meshes with a gear 17 on a first intermediate shaft 16 provided in the auxiliary column 13. The rotational output is transmitted to the column 10 side. Note that 18 is a synchronous shaft directly driven by the motor output shaft 14a, and 19 is a lubricating oil supply pump provided on the same axis as the synchronous shaft 18.

20 is a second intermediate shaft provided on the column 10 and parallel to the first intermediate shaft 16; 21 is provided parallel to the second intermediate shaft 20 and rotates a spindle 58 on the gearing head 12 side, which will be described later. A drive shaft 22 for indexing and rotating the turret head 11 is provided on the same axis as the drive shaft 21 and is an indexing drive shaft for indexing and rotating the turret head 11. The second intermediate shaft 20 is provided with a gear 23 that meshes with the gear 17 on the first intermediate shaft 16 side, while the drive shaft 21 is provided with a drive gear 25 in addition to a gear 24 that meshes with the gear 23. and
The drive shaft 21 is rotationally driven by a series of gear trains composed of four gears 15, 17, 23, and 24.

The drive shaft 21 is provided with a protrusion 26 at one end, and is rotatably supported by a sleeve 27 that is slidable in the axial direction via a bearing 28. By sliding the sleeve 27, the drive shaft 21 also moves along its axis. Slide in the direction. In other words, by the sliding movement of the drive shaft 21, the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 on the gearing head 12 side can be brought into engagement or disengaged. Note that the drive shaft 21 and the gear 24 are keyed together to allow relative movement in the axial direction of the two and to prevent relative rotation thereof. Further, 29 is a bearing holder.

As shown in FIG. 4, a rack 30 is formed on the sleeve 27, and a pinion 32 provided on a shaft 31 meshes with this rack 30. The shaft 31 is connected to the link 33,
34 and cylinder 36 via auxiliary rod 35
The shaft 31 is rotated by the action of the cylinder 36, so that the sleeve 27 and thus the drive shaft 21 slide.

A slotted groove 37 that can be engaged with the protrusion 26 is formed at one end of the indexing drive shaft 22, and a gear reduction mechanism (commercial product name: Harmonic Drive) is provided around the indexing drive shaft 22.
38 is provided, and the driven side wheel 39 of this gear reduction mechanism 38 is provided with a bevel gear 40 on the driving side.
is fixed. The gear reduction mechanism 38 schematically includes an elliptical drive wheel 41 fixed to the index drive shaft 22, a thin ring gear 44 provided on the outer periphery of the drive wheel 41 so as to be relatively rotatable, and It consists of a combination of two internally toothed gears 42, 43 on the fixed side and movable side that mesh with each other, and the number of teeth of the ring gear 44 is the same as that of the internally toothed gears 42, 43.
Since the number of teeth is 2 less than that of 3, in this embodiment, a reduction ratio of about 1/78 to the indexing drive shaft 22 can be obtained on the bevel gear 40 side. In addition, 45 is a pusher for applying preload to the bearing 47 by the flat spring 46.

On the other hand, a driven bevel gear 48 that meshes with the bevel gear 40 is disposed on the inner circumference of the turret head 11 via a bearing 49, and this bevel gear 48 is integrally fixed to the turret head 11 via an auxiliary plate 50. There is. Therefore, by driving the indexing drive shaft 22, the turret head 11 is indexed and rotated around the column 10 via the bearing 49.

Here, the protrusion 26 and the slotted groove 37 can be engaged and disengaged by sliding movement of the drive shaft 21, and as shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 26 and the slotted groove 37 are engaged with each other. At times, the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 is released, and the rotational output of the NC motor 14 is transmitted to the indexing drive shaft 22 to rotate the turret head 11.
index rotation is possible. On the other hand, when the drive shaft 21 is slid to the left in FIG. Rotation of the spindle 58 becomes possible. In this way, the drive gear 25 is controlled by the cylinder 36, pinion 32, rack 30, drive shaft 21, etc.
It constitutes a switching means that selectively switches the meshing between the driven gear 59 and the drive shaft 21 and the indexing drive shaft 22.

Furthermore, a housing 51 and a head plate 52 are integrally fixed to the upper inner periphery of the turret head 11, while a column 10 is mounted inside them.
A piston 53 integral with the hydraulic cylinder 54 is disposed to define chambers R ₁ and R ₂ , thereby forming a hydraulic cylinder 54 . Therefore, this hydraulic cylinder 5
4 causes the turret head 10, which is integrated with the housing 51 and the head plate 52, to move up and down.

Reference numeral 55 denotes a large-diameter coupling as an index positioning means interposed between the column 10 and the lower surface of the turret head 11.
, a face gear-shaped fixed ring 55a fixed to the column 10 side, and a face gear-shaped movable ring 55 fixed to the turret head 11 side.
b, and these fixed rings 55
The turret head 11 is positioned at a predetermined index position by the engagement between the movable ring 55b and the movable ring 55b.

As shown in FIG. 5, the gearing head 12 includes a head body 56, a plurality of spindles 58 which are rotatably supported within the head body 56 and have a drill 57 at their tip, and a driven gear 59 at one end. a main shaft 60, transmission gear trains 61, 62 that transmit the rotation of the main shaft 60 to each spindle 58;
As shown in FIG. 3, a driven gear 59 enters into the turret head 11 and meshes with the drive gear 25 on the drive shaft 21 side.

Next, the operation of the turret-type cutting device configured as described above will be explained.

First, when indexing the turret head 11, the drive shaft 21 slides to the right in FIG.
6 and the slotted groove 37 are engaged, and at the same time, the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 is released.

Next, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R1 of the hydraulic cylinder 54, and the entire turret head 11 rises, thereby releasing the index positioning of the turret head 11 by the coupling 55. Then, when an index rotation command is given to the NC motor 14,
The rotational output of the NC motor 14 is the gear train 15, 17,
From 23 and 24, the drive shaft 21, index drive shaft 22, gear reduction mechanism 47, bevel gear 40,
48, and the turret head 11 is rotated by a predetermined index rotation angle.

When the rotation of the turret head 11 stops, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R2 of the hydraulic cylinder 54, the entire turret head 11 is lowered, and the coupling 55 is lowered.
When the fixed ring 55a and the movable ring 55b are engaged again, the turret head 11 is positioned at a predetermined index position. At the same time, by keeping the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 54 acting on the turret head 11, the movable ring 55b is pressed against the fixed ring 55a, and the turret head 11 is clamped at a predetermined indexed position.

When the indexing of the turret head 11 is completed in this way, the drive shaft 21 slides to the left in FIG. 3 due to the action of the cylinder 36, and the projection 2
6 and the slotted groove 37 are released, and at the same time, the drive gear 25 meshes with the driven gear 59. Next, by giving a rotation command to the NC motor 14, the rotational output of the NC motor 14 is transmitted from the gear train 15, 17, 23, 24 to the drive shaft 21, and the rotation output is transmitted to the drive shaft 21 between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 5.
9, each spindle 58 of the gearing head 12 shown in FIG. 5 is driven to rotate.
Then, by applying a cutting feed to the slide table 2 shown in FIG. 2, a predetermined cutting process is performed by the drill 57.

In the above embodiment, a 6-turret type horizontal cutting machine was explained as an example.
In the present invention, the number of indexing turrets is not limited to that of the embodiment and can be increased or decreased, and the number of indexing turrets can be increased or decreased.
It can be similarly applied to an inclined type having an inclination angle of about 100 degrees.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained in detail above, according to the present invention, the turret head is placed closer to the slide table, and the motor for indexing the turret head and the motor for driving the spindle rotation, which were conventionally independent, are shared. By arranging this shared motor on the opposite side of the slide table, sandwiching the turret head, the entire cutting unit can be significantly downsized, and the spindle of the gearing head can be easily accessed from the slide guide surface of the cutting unit. The distance can be reduced. As a result, the cutting rigidity is higher than that of the conventional one, and it can sufficiently cope with heavy cutting.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a cutting device including a cutting unit of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the cutting unit of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing details of the multi-axis spindle head. 2...Slide table, 4...Cutting unit, 10...Column, 11...Turret head, 12
...Multi-axis spindle head (guyang head), 1
4...NC motor, 14a...motor output shaft, 15...
Gear, 17... Gear, 21... Drive shaft, 22... Index drive shaft, 23... Gear, 24... Gear, 2
5...Drive gear, 26...Protrusion, 30...Rack, 32...Pinion, 36...Cylinder, 37...Slotted groove, 40...Bevel gear on drive side, 48...Bevel gear on driven side, 54...Hydraulic cylinder, 55...
Cup ring (index positioning means), 58...
Spindle, 59...driven gear.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A column fixed to a slide table, and a plurality of multi-axis spindle units arranged on the outer circumference of the column, which are indexable and rotatable about the column center line perpendicular to the slide table as the rotation center. a motor having a turret head, a motor fixed to a column surface on the opposite side of the slide table with the turret head in between, and a motor output shaft parallel to the slide table;
a drive shaft that is provided in the column in parallel with the motor output shaft and is rotatably driven in the axial direction by the motor output shaft via a variable speed gear train; and a driven gear of the multi-axis spindle unit that is fixed to the drive shaft. an indexing drive shaft having a drive gear that can be engaged with the drive gear; an indexing drive shaft that is provided on the same axis as the drive shaft and has a drive side bevel gear that can be engaged with and disengaged from the drive shaft; a driven side bevel gear that meshes with the bevel gear; and a switching means that selectively switches between meshing between the drive gear and the driven gear and engagement between the drive shaft and the indexing drive shaft by sliding the drive shaft in the axial direction. , and index positioning means for positioning the turret head at a predetermined index position.