JPH0217286B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turret-shaped cutting unit with a multi-axis spindle head.

Conventional technology and its problems Vertical or horizontal type (horizontal type) equipped with a multi-axis spindle head (hereinafter referred to as a gigantic head)
In the turret-type cutting unit, in addition to a slide mechanism that slides the entire cutting unit along a predetermined slide guide surface, there is also an indexing mechanism that indexes the turret head, and a rotation drive mechanism that rotationally drives the spindle of the gearing head. At least two drive systems with and are required.

And when it comes to the layout of each of these mechanisms,
For example, in the case of a horizontal cutting unit, a casing is installed on a slide table that slides along a predetermined slide guide surface, and the indexing mechanism and rotational drive mechanism are housed within this casing. It is common to have an indexable and rotatable turret head mounted on top of the casing.

In other words, in the conventional structure, the motor and transmission gear train that constitute each of the above mechanisms are arranged between the slide guide surface and the turret head.
Not only does the entire cutting unit become larger, but the distance from the slide guide surface to the spindle of the gearing head becomes larger. As a result, the rigidity against the load associated with the cutting feed thrust, that is, the cutting resistance, is insufficient, and machining accuracy may be lowered, so that it is unsuitable for heavy cutting. The same can be said of the vertical cutting unit.

Moreover, when the above-mentioned indexing mechanism and rotational drive mechanism including the drive motor are arranged in the casing,
Since the heat dissipation effect of the motor is not sufficient, heat is trapped inside the casing, and there is a fear that the accuracy of the slide guide surface etc. will decrease due to the temperature increase in the machine body.

The present invention aims to reduce the size of the cutting unit and at the same time improve cutting rigidity by reducing the distance from the slide guide surface to the gearing head as much as possible, thereby creating a turret that can adequately handle heavy cutting. The purpose is to provide a shape cutting unit.

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, in order to minimize the distance from the slide guide surface to the gearing head as described above, the slide table is Its distinctive feature is that the turret head is located close to the turret head.

That is, in the present invention, a column is fixed to a slide table that slides along a slide guide surface, and a column is arranged on the outer periphery of the column so as to be indexable and rotatable about the column center line perpendicular to the slide table, and the outer periphery A turret head having a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads on its surface, and a drive shaft provided in a column in the turret head in parallel with the slide table for rotationally driving the spindle of the multi-axis spindle head indexed to a processing position. , a spindle driving motor fixed to the end of the column opposite to the slide table across the turret head, and having a motor output shaft parallel to the drive shaft.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS More specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking a horizontal turret-type cutting apparatus as an example.

First Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing the overall configuration of a cutting device including a cutting unit of the present invention.
2 is a bed, 2 is a slide table that can slide on the base 3 along its slide guide surface, 4 is a 6-turret type cutting unit mounted on the slide table 2, 5 is a jig for positioning the workpiece, and 6 is a It is a control panel.

The cutting unit 4, as shown in FIG.
Column 10 fixed on slide table 2
and arranged around the outer periphery of the column 10, so that the column 1
In addition to a turret head 11 that is indexable and rotatable about the vertical center of 0, and a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads (hereinafter referred to as ganging heads) 12 fixed to the outer periphery of the turret head 11,
An auxiliary column 13 that is fixed to the top surface of the column 10 and forms a part of the column 10, and a drive source that is fixed to the side surface of the auxiliary column 13 so that its motor output shaft 14a is parallel to the slide table 2. A drive motor 14 is provided. This drive motor 14 is connected to the turret head 1 as described later.
It is shared by the index rotation drive system of 1 and the spindle rotation drive system of gearing head 12.

A gear 15 is fixed to the motor output shaft 14a, and this gear 15 meshes with a gear 17 on a first intermediate shaft 16 provided in the auxiliary column 13, and these gear trains drive the drive motor 14. The rotation output is transmitted to the column 10 side. In addition, 18
1 is a synchronous shaft directly driven by the motor output shaft 14a, and 19 is a lubricating oil supply pump provided on the same axis as the synchronous shaft 18.

20 is a second intermediate shaft provided on the column 10 and parallel to the first intermediate shaft 16; 21 is provided parallel to the second intermediate shaft 20 and rotates a spindle 58 on the gearing head 12 side, which will be described later. A drive shaft 22 for indexing and rotating the turret head 11 is provided on the same axis as the drive shaft 21 and is an indexing drive shaft for indexing and rotating the turret head 11. The second intermediate shaft 20 is provided with a gear 23 that meshes with the gear 17 on the first intermediate shaft 16 side, while the drive shaft 21 is provided with a drive gear 25 in addition to a gear 24 that meshes with the gear 23. and
The drive shaft 21 is rotationally driven by a series of gear trains composed of four gears 15, 17, 23, and 24.

The drive shaft 21 is provided with a protrusion 26 at one end, and is rotatably supported by a sleeve 27 that is slidable in the axial direction via a bearing 28. By sliding the sleeve 27, the drive shaft 21 also moves along its axis. Slide in the direction. In other words, by the sliding movement of the drive shaft 21, the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 on the gearing head 12 side can be brought into engagement or disengaged. In addition,
The drive shaft 21 and the gear 24 are keyed together to allow relative movement in the axial direction of the two and to prevent relative rotation thereof. Further, 29 is a bearing holder.

As shown in FIG. 4, a rack 30 is formed on the sleeve 27, and a pinion 32 provided on a shaft 31 meshes with this rack 30. The shaft 31 is connected to the link 33,
34 and cylinder 36 via auxiliary rod 35
The shaft 31 is rotated by the action of the cylinder 36, so that the sleeve 27 and thus the drive shaft 21 slide.

A slotted groove 37 that can be engaged with the protrusion 26 is formed at one end of the indexing drive shaft 22, and a gear reduction mechanism (commercial product name: Harmonic Drive) 38 is provided around the indexing drive shaft 22. is provided, and this gear reduction mechanism 3
A driving side bevel gear 40 is fixed to the driven side wheel 39 of No. 8. The gear reduction mechanism 38 schematically includes an elliptical drive-side wheel 41 fixed to the index drive shaft 22 and a drive-side wheel 4
It consists of a thin-walled ring gear 44 that is relatively rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the ring gear 1, and two internal gears 42, 43 on the fixed side and movable side that mesh with the ring gear 44. 4
Since the number of teeth is two less than the number of teeth of 2.43, in this embodiment, a reduction ratio of about 1/78 to the indexing drive shaft 22 is obtained on the bevel gear 40 side. Note that 45 is a pusher for applying preload to the bearing 47 by the disc spring 46.

On the other hand, a driven bevel gear 48 that meshes with the bevel gear 40 is disposed on the inner circumference of the turret head 11 via a bearing 49, and this bevel gear 48 is integrally fixed to the turret head 11 via an auxiliary plate 50. There is. Therefore, the driving of the indexing drive shaft 22 causes the turret head 11 to index and rotate around the column 10 via the bearing 49.

Here, the protrusion 26 and the slotted groove 37 can be engaged and disengaged by the sliding movement of the drive shaft 21, and as shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 26 and the slotted groove 37 are engaged with each other. At times, the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 is released, and the rotational output of the drive motor 14 is transmitted to the indexing drive shaft 22, so that the turret head 1
1 index rotation is possible. On the other hand, when the drive shaft 21 is slid to the left in FIG. Rotation of the spindle 58 becomes possible. In this way, the drive gear 25 is controlled by the cylinder 36, pinion 32, rack 30, drive shaft 21, etc.
It constitutes a switching means that selectively switches the meshing between the driven gear 59 and the drive shaft 21 and the indexing drive shaft 22.

Furthermore, a housing 51 and a head plate 52 are integrally fixed to the upper inner periphery of the turret head 11, while a column 10 is mounted inside them.
A piston 53 integral with the hydraulic cylinder 54 is disposed to define chambers R ₁ and R ₂ , thereby forming a hydraulic cylinder 54 . Therefore, this hydraulic cylinder 5
4 causes the turret head 11, which is integral with the housing 51 and the head plate 52, to move up and down.

Reference numeral 55 denotes a large-diameter coupling as an index positioning means interposed between the column 10 and the lower surface of the turret head 11.
, a face gear-shaped fixed ring 55a fixed to the column 10 side, and a face gear-shaped movable ring 55 fixed to the turret head 11 side.
b, and these fixed rings 55
The turret head 11 is positioned at a predetermined index position by the engagement between the movable ring 55b and the movable ring 55b.

As shown in FIG. 5, the gearing head 12 includes a head body 56, a plurality of spindles 58 which are rotatably supported within the head body 56 and have a drill 57 at their tip, and a driven gear 59 at one end. a main shaft 60, transmission gear trains 61, 62 that transmit the rotation of the main shaft 60 to each spindle 58;
As shown in FIG. 3, a driven gear 59 enters into the turret head 11 and meshes with the drive gear 25 on the drive shaft 21 side.

Next, the operation of the turret-type cutting device configured as described above will be explained.

First, when indexing the turret head 11, the drive shaft 21 slides to the right in FIG.
6 and the slotted groove 37 are engaged, and at the same time, the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59 is released.

Next, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R1 of the hydraulic cylinder 54, and the entire turret head 11 rises, thereby releasing the index positioning of the turret head 11 by the coupling 55. Then, when the index rotation command is given to the drive motor 14,
The rotational output of the drive motor 14 is transmitted through the gear train 15, 1.
7, 23, 24 to drive shaft 21, index drive shaft 22, gear reduction mechanism 47, bevel gear 4
0 and 48 in order, and the turret head 11 rotates by a predetermined index rotation angle.

When the rotation of the turret head 11 stops, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R2 of the hydraulic cylinder 54, the entire turret head 11 is lowered, and the coupling 55 is lowered.
When the fixed ring 55a and the movable ring 55b are engaged again, the turret head 11 is positioned at a predetermined index position. At the same time, by keeping the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 54 acting on the turret head 11, the movable ring 55b is pressed against the fixed ring 55a, and the turret head 11 is clamped at a predetermined indexed position.

When the indexing of the turret head 11 is completed in this way, the drive shaft 21 slides to the left in FIG. 3 due to the action of the cylinder 36, and the projection 2
The drive gear 25 meshes with the driven gear 59 at the same time as the engagement between the groove 6 and the slotted groove 37 is released. Next, by giving a rotation command to the drive motor 14, the rotation output of the drive motor 14 is transferred from the gear train 15, 17, 23, 24 to the drive shaft 21.
The rotation of each spindle 58 of the gearing head 12 shown in FIG. 5 is driven by the engagement between the drive gear 25 and the driven gear 59. Then, the slide table 2 shown in FIG.
A predetermined cutting process is performed by the drill 57 by applying a cutting feed to .

Second Embodiment FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the first embodiment, one motor is shared by the index drive system and the spindle drive system, whereas in the present embodiment, the motors for both drive systems are made independent.

In this embodiment, the cutting unit 104
As shown in FIG. 6, a column 107 is fixed to the slide table 2, and a turret head 10 is arranged around the outer periphery of the column 107 and is indexable and rotatable about the vertical center of the column 107.
8 and a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads (hereinafter referred to as gearing heads) 12 (FIG. 5) fixed to the outer periphery of the turret head 108, as well as the column 1
The auxiliary column 110 is fixed to the top surface of the 07, and the motor output shaft 1 is attached to the side surface of the auxiliary column 110.
A spindle drive motor 111 fixed so that 11a is parallel to the slide table 2, and a part of the column 110 near the slide table 2,
An index drive motor 112 is provided in parallel with the spindle drive motor 111.

A gear 113 is fixed to the motor output shaft 111a, and this gear 113 meshes with a gear 115 on a first intermediate shaft 114 provided in the auxiliary column 110.
1 rotation output is transmitted to the column 107 side. In addition, 116 is a synchronous shaft directly driven by the motor output shaft 111a, 117 is a lubricating oil supply pump provided on the same axis as the synchronous shaft 116, and 11
8 is the motor 1 caused by the rotation of the first intermediate shaft 114.
This is a rotation angle detector that detects the amount of rotation of 11.

119 is a second intermediate shaft provided in the column 107 and parallel to the first intermediate shaft 114; 120 is a second intermediate shaft;
This drive shaft is provided parallel to the intermediate shaft 119 of the gearing head 12 and rotates the spindle 58 (FIG. 5) on the gearing head 12 side. The second intermediate shaft 119 has a gear 1 on the first intermediate shaft 114 side.
A gear 121 that meshes with the gear 15 is provided on the drive shaft 120, and a gear 122 that meshes with the gear 121 is formed on the drive shaft 120.
23 is provided, and four gears 113, 11
The drive shaft 120 is rotationally driven by a series of gear trains composed of gears 5, 121, and 122.

The drive shaft 120 is rotatably supported by an axially slidable sleeve 124 via a bearing 125, while a hydraulic cylinder 1 serving as a switching means is disposed on the same axis as the drive shaft 120.
26 are provided. That is, housing 1
27, side plates 128a, 128b,
A piston 129 and an integral piston rod 130 constitute a hydraulic cylinder 126, and the piston rod 130 of this hydraulic cylinder 126 is connected to the drive shaft 120. In other words, due to the action of the hydraulic cylinder 126, the drive shaft 12
0 slides together with the sleeve 124, thereby connecting the drive gear 123 and gearing head 12.
The structure is such that it can be engaged with the driven gear 59 on the side or released from the engagement.

Reference numeral 131 denotes an indexing drive shaft provided at the bottom of the column 107 in parallel to the center of rotation of the turret head 108, and this indexing drive shaft 131 is provided with an indexing drive gear 132 and a driven side bevel gear 133. The indexing drive gear 132 meshes with an indexing driven gear 134 in the form of an internal gear fixed to the lower inner periphery of the turret head 108.

On the other hand, a gear reduction mechanism (commercial product name: Harmonic Drive) placed adjacent to the motor 112
The output shaft 136 of the drive side bevel gear 1
37 is fixed, and this bevel gear 137 meshes with the bevel gear 133 on the driven side. Activation of motor 112 therefore causes turret head 108 to index and rotate about column 107. Note that the specific configuration of the gear reduction mechanism 135 is the same as that shown in FIG. 3, so a description thereof will be omitted here.

142 is a housing provided on the upper inner periphery of the turret head 108; 143 is the housing 14;
The head plate is integrally fixed to the column 107 and the piston 14 is integrally attached to the column 107.
4 are disposed to define chambers R ₁ and R ₂ , thereby forming a hydraulic cylinder 145 . Therefore, due to the function of this hydraulic cylinder 145, the housing 142, the head plate 143
The turret head 108 moves up and down together with the bearing 146.

147 is column 107 and tower head 108
This coupling 147 is a large diameter coupling interposed between the lower surface and the indexing positioning means.This coupling 147 has a face gear shaped fixing ring 147a fixed to the column 107 side, and a face gear shaped fixed ring 147a fixed to the turret head 108 side. The turret head 108 is positioned at a predetermined index position by the engagement between the fixed ring 147a and the movable ring 147b.

In the case of this embodiment, when indexing the turret head 108, the drive shaft 120 slides to the right in FIG. 6 by the action of the hydraulic cylinder 126, and the engagement between the drive gear 123 and the driven gear 153 is released. .

Next, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R1 of the hydraulic cylinder 145, and the entire turret head 108 rises, causing the coupling 147 to lift the turret head 1.
The index positioning of 08 is canceled. and,
The indexing rotation command is sent to the indexing drive motor 112.
, the rotational output of motor 112 is transmitted to index driven gear 134 via bevel gears 137, 133 and index drive gear 132, and turret head 108 rotates by a predetermined index rotation angle.

When the rotation of the turret head 108 stops, hydraulic oil is supplied to the chamber _R2 of the hydraulic cylinder 145, and the entire turret head 108 is lowered, and the fixed ring 147a of the coupling 147 and the movable ring 14
By re-engaging with 7b, the turret head becomes 10.
8 is positioned at a predetermined index position. At the same time, by keeping the output pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 145 acting on the turret head 108, the movable ring 147b is pressed against the fixed ring 147a, and the turret head 108 is clamped at a predetermined indexed position.

When the indexing of the turret head 108 is completed in this way, the drive shaft 120 slides to the left in FIG. 6 by the action of the hydraulic cylinder 126, and the drive gear 120 meshes with the driven gear 59. Next, by giving a rotation command to the motor 111, the rotation output of the motor 111 is changed to the gear train 1.
Drive shaft 1 from 13, 115, 121, 122
20, each spindle 58 of the gearing head 12 shown in FIG. 5 is rotationally driven by the engagement between the drive gear 123 and the driven gear 59. Then, by applying cutting feed to the slide table 2 shown in FIG.
A predetermined cutting process is performed.

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, a 6-turret type horizontal cutting machine was explained as an example, but in the present invention, the number of indexing turrets is not limited to that of the embodiments, and can be increased or decreased. It can be similarly applied to a vertical type other than a horizontal type, or an inclined type where the turret rotation axis has an inclination angle of about 45 degrees.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, a spindle driving motor having a motor output shaft parallel to the drive shaft is disposed at the end of the column opposite to the slide table across the turret head. As a result, the entire cutting unit can be significantly downsized, and the distance from the slide guide surface of the cutting unit to the spindle of the multi-axis spindle head can be reduced. As a result, the cutting rigidity is higher than that of the conventional one, and it can sufficiently cope with heavy cutting using a multi-axis spindle head, which was considered difficult in the past.

In addition, since the spindle drive motor is exposed to the outside at the end of the column, it has a good heat dissipation effect and prevents the temperature of the entire device from rising like in the past. Therefore, there is no need for a special rotation transmission mechanism between the two, and the structure of the rotation transmission system can be simplified even though it is a turret type.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a cutting device including a cutting unit of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the cutting unit of the present invention. , FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing details of the multi-axis spindle head, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the cutting unit of the present invention. It is a diagram. 2...Slide table, 4...Cutting unit, 10...Column, 11...Turret head, 12
...Multi-axis spindle head (guyang head), 1
3... Auxiliary column, 14... Drive motor, 14a...
Motor output shaft, 21... Drive shaft, 22... Index drive shaft, 25... Drive gear, 55... Coupling, 58... Spindle, 59... Driven gear, 104... Cutting unit, 107... Column, 108... Turret head, 110... Auxiliary Column, 111...Spindle drive motor, 111
a... Motor output shaft, 112... Indexing drive motor, 120... Drive shaft, 123... Drive gear, 131... Indexing drive shaft, 132... Indexing drive gear, 133... Indexing driven gear, 147... Coupling.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A column fixed to a slide table that slides along a slide guide surface; a column arranged on the outer periphery of the column so as to be indexable and rotatable about a column center line perpendicular to the slide table as a rotation center; A turret head with a plurality of multi-axis spindle heads on its outer circumferential surface, and a drive shaft provided in a column in the turret head in parallel with the slide table to rotationally drive the spindle of the multi-axis spindle head indexed to a processing position. and a spindle drive motor fixed to the end of the column opposite to the slide table across the turret head and having a motor output shaft parallel to the drive shaft. unit.