JPH01304833A - Culture plant for shellfishes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent injurious enemies, such as starfish, from crawling up to culture beds with a gas layer, such as air, by interposing the gas layer between the culture beds and the sea bottom. CONSTITUTION:Plural supports 4 equipped with a box 3, having the at least partially opened undersurface and containing a gas, such as air or nitrogen gas, injected thereinto are provided on a foundation block 1. Culture beds (2a)-(2c) in upper and lower plural floors are supported by the plural supports 4 and the respective culture beds are formed into different pseudo-environmental beds, such as sandy or rocky places. That is the gas layer, such as air or nitrogen gas, is interposed between the culture beds for culturing shellfishes and the sea bottom to prevent injurious enemies, such as starfish, from crawling up to the culture beds and reduce damage of the shellfishes by the injurious enemies.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a shellfish aquaculture plan I, and more specifically, a method for reducing damage caused by starfish to shellfish such as clams, red clams, and milk crabs. Regarding a shellfish aquaculture plant.

[Technical background of the invention]

As a method of cultivating shellfish, zone-less culture is usually adopted, and it is classified into the following three types depending on the type of shellfish to be cultured.

■ Double hanging method This method is a method of culturing by floating a raft on the sea surface and hanging appressoria with seeds from the raft, and is used for cultivating shellfish such as oysters and pearl oysters.

■ Pile Driving Method This method is a method for cultivating oysters by erecting "soda cracks" and cultivating oysters.

■ Ground sowing method This method is a method of cultivating various shellfish such as clams, snails, and clams. There is.

All of these cultivation methods are adopted in consideration of the ecology of the shellfish to be cultivated.

By the way, the biggest problem when cultivating shellfish is
This is extermination. Among the visitor organisms, there are those that directly prey on useful aquatic species and cause damage, and those that interfere with aquaculture by taking away the habitat and food of the aquaculture targets.For example, there are many species in the sea that prey on shellfish. In particular, starfish (Asterias) cause a lot of damage to clams, short-necked clams, and bugs.

Therefore, in order to cultivate shellfish, it is necessary to consider in advance methods for exterminating starfish and the like. By the way, sea stars such as starfish (Asterias) usually live on the ocean floor and feed on shellfish that live in sandboxes, rocky reefs, etc. on the ocean floor. It can be said that the damage caused by the number of placements is small.

However, the double hanging method is not suitable for cultivating shellfish such as clams, short-necked clams, and snails. This is because they use this place as their habitat. In addition, since a large number of sea stars usually live in cough shelters, they are susceptible to damage and have problems such as difficulty in employing cough shelters as aquaculture farms. In addition to the starfish, carnivorous snails and the like may also be included.

Therefore, in order to solve such damage when cultivating shellfish such as clams, clams, and shellfish, it is preferable to prevent the intrusion of shellfish, but no such method has been found to date. For this reason, although granular lime is sometimes sprayed, the reality is that when fishing by boat, the lime is collected and removed using motsupu, etc.

By the way, when cultivating shellfish, in addition to the above-mentioned extermination, it is necessary to create an environment where shellfish can easily inhabit, just like a fish reef. At least two conditions must be met: 1. Obtaining the same environment as the shellfish's habitat; 2. Providing appropriate amounts of food.

Therefore, as a result of various studies from the viewpoint of obtaining an environment that satisfies these points, the inventor of the present invention has developed a method using steel plates that facilitates the natural growth of algae as food and also facilitates the creation of an environment such as a sandbox. It has been found that it is preferable to obtain a culture bed. In other words, since steel aquaculture beds are not exposed to the atmosphere, they are less likely to rust (and have the advantage of being lighter, more structurally resistant to change, and have a better rate of algae growth than environmental reefs made of concrete blocks. .

The present invention has been devised in response to the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a shellfish aquaculture plant that can prevent the invasion of shellfish with a simple configuration.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a shellfish aquaculture plant that can prevent the invasion of seaweed, easily generate natural algae as food for shellfish, and is easy to construct. be.

[Means for solving problems]

The shellfish aquaculture plant of the present invention as a means for achieving the above object has a gas layer such as air or nitrogen gas interposed between the aquaculture bed and the seabed, and the gas layer allows starfish, etc. The structure is such that it prevents any number of fish from climbing up (invading) the aquaculture bed.

Also, as a means to achieve the other purposes mentioned above.
- The shellfish aquaculture plant of the present invention is provided with a plurality of pillars each having a base block having at least a part of its lower surface opened and a box into which a gas such as air or nitrogen gas is injected. Up and down with the pillar? It supports Mvi-level culture beds, and each culture bed is formed into a different simulated environment floor such as a sandbox, a rocky area, etc.

Here, in the above configuration, the floors of multiple floors above and below are usually
It consists of three tiers of upper, middle and lower floors, and natural stones and blocks are installed on the upper floor to create a pseudo-rocky area, where algae such as abalone and turban shells and algae such as green algae grow, and on the middle and lower floors respectively. The structure is such that sand is laid down to a thickness of 10 to 30 cm to grow shellfish such as clams, red clams, and milk crabs. Further, if necessary, the three-dimensional culture beds are made of steel and are arranged adjacently in a rectangular, cross-shaped, or circular shape.

[Effect]

The shellfish aquaculture plant of the present invention based on the above configuration can be installed in an inland sea such as the Seto Inland Sea by having a dialer survey the location in advance, and after leveling the ground, the aquaculture bed is moved by a marine crane. For installation, the equipment is transported to the location, lifted by a crane, submerged in water, lowered to the seabed, installed, and installed.

After the facility is installed, algae adhere to and grow on the aquaculture bed, which has a sandbox or the like, and the grown algae acts as natural food for the sown seedlings or young shellfish to enable aquaculture.

A layer of gas such as air or nitrogen gas (box injected with gas) reduces the number of starfish and the like and prevents them from climbing onto the breeding bed, allowing shellfish farming to be carried out in favorable conditions.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 7 show one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1(a) is a side view, FIG. 1(b) is an enlarged view of the main part of the support column, and FIG. ) is a vertical sectional view of Figure 1(b), Figure 2 is a plan view of the upper floor, Figure 3 is a plan view of the middle floor (lower floor), and Figure 4 is a plan view of the middle floor (lower floor).
5 is a side view showing the adjacent arrangement state, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for installation, and FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another arrangement state.

The shellfish culture plant of this embodiment consists of a basic concrete block 1 and a rectangular culture bed 2 with multiple tiers under each shell.
a, 2b, 2C, and a gas injection box 3.

The basic concrete blocks 1, 1 are approximately 5.5 m long,
The blocks have a width of 1 m, a height of 1 m, and a weight of about 9.6 mm, and have a concave cross section with a depression la in the center, and are arranged in parallel. Sand can be placed in the depression la as needed. Also, block 1
, l are provided with support columns 4, . here,
The pillars 4,... are made of steel with a length of about 4.5 m, and at the bottom, the base part 1b of the block 1 is
It is firmly installed and fixed in Porto.

The upper, middle, and lower rectangular culture beds 2a, 2b, and 2C are supported and fixed by the pillars 4, . . . .

The rectangular culture beds 2a, 2b, and 2C, which have multiple upper and lower stages, are each made of steel plates, and are provided with supports 4,
It is welded and fixed to... And on that floor,
Rocky areas, sandy areas, etc. are formed in each area. That is, natural stones and blocks are installed on the upper floor 2a to create a pseudo-rocky field, and reinforcing materials with a height of about 15 to 20 cffl are erected around the middle floor 2b and the lower floor 2C at other locations. , a shallow rectangular box (container shape) formed in a 9-minute v1 section. And in each section there are 10
Sand is spread to a thickness of ~30CL11, forming a pseudo sandbox. Here, the sand tray used is usually 3
This is the degree. In addition, aquaculture beds (especially upper bed 2a, middle bed 2
If necessary, b) 2 has a lighting opening 8 drilled in its center to allow lighting into the culture bed on the lower stage side. The lighting opening is usually fixed to the main body of the culture bed by bolts or the like with a cover member (using a plate or the like large enough to cover the lighting opening). Note that for the lighting D8, a hard plastic plate made of a transparent or translucent material or the like may be used as necessary.

Although it is not impossible to form a pseudo-rocky area or a pseudo-sandbox by joint work using mechanical force and a dipper even after installation on the seabed, it is possible to create a pseudo-rocky area or a pseudo-sandbox by working together with mechanical power and a diameter diver. We also bring in natural stones and blocks to fill them. This creates a pseudo-sandbox, sinks it into the seabed, and fixes it in place, making work safer and labor-saving.

Then, the foundation concrete block 1, support 4.
A rectangular culture bed 2a with multiple upper and lower stages supported through...
The cultured reef consisting of 2b and 2c is 6.3m long and 5.4m wide.
It has a cubic shape with a height of about 6.5 m, and the sides are open so that seawater can flow without resistance, and
It is designed to let in enough light.

The total weight is approximately 47.3 tons, of which the basic concrete blocks 1 and 1 weigh 19.2 tons, the main body excluding the basic concrete block 11 weighs 10.7 tons, and the sand and blocks weigh 17.4 tons.

The box 3 is intended to prevent starfish from climbing up, and has an open bottom surface 3a, into which a gas such as air or nitrogen gas is injected. That is, the box 3 consists of the aquaculture bed 2C and the basic concrete block l.
It is arranged on the pillar 4, which connects the Since the gas such as air contained inside the box 3 is pressed by seawater from below, it forms a gas layer IO such as an air layer within the box. In other words, in that part, The structure is such that the surroundings of the pillars 4, . . . are covered with gas such as air. Therefore, when the supports 4,... climb up from below, they always come into contact with (collide with) the gas layer 10, and in the case of aquatic organisms, at that point,
Their upward movements are now being blocked. By the way, if the gas inside the box elutes into seawater,
I'm trying to replenish it. It is clear that the box 3 and the support column 4 may be integrated from the beginning. A sensor for detecting residual acid in the gas may be disposed in the box 3, and gas may be automatically supplied into the box upon detection by the sensor.

By the way, in order to install the above-mentioned cultured reef on the seabed of an inland sea,
As shown schematically in Figure 6, the installation is usually carried out in the following manner: The location of the installation is determined in advance through a comprehensive survey, including a seabed survey and a water quality survey; Once the location is determined, the seabed is leveled using a jet pump. and,
After leveling the ground, the 16 aquaculture reefs of this example are transported to the site as soon as possible using a 15-30 ton marine crane, and the sand is also transported together.

After the steel aquaculture reef is hoisted up by a marine crane, sand for the lower floor 2C1 and middle floor 2b is put in using a conveyor without submerging it in the water. By the way, the total weight in the air is about 47.3 tons as mentioned above, but it decreases to about 28.9 tons in water, making this method possible. At the same time, a gas such as air is supplied and injected into the box 3 so that there is enough gas in the box 3.

As described above, they are sequentially installed in fixed positions on the seabed using a diper, and as shown in FIG. 4, 16 pieces are arranged adjacently in a rectangular shape, with the central empty space serving as a swimming area 7 for fish. The total area is approximately 924 d.

Next, to describe the operation of the shellfish aquaculture plant of this embodiment, the aquaculture reef is installed in an inland sea such as the Seto Inland Sea,
With a weight of approximately 28.9 tons, it is stable and immovable even in tidal currents.
Since it does not come into contact with the atmosphere after being installed on the seabed, it is resistant to rust. And foundation concrete block 1
, each floor 2a.

Algae such as green algae grow on the net portions of 2b12C and pillars 4.4, and algae also grow on the natural stones and blocks on the upper floor 2a. Therefore, algae-eating shellfish such as abalone and turban shell, as well as shellfish such as clams, red clams, and milk crabs on the floors 2b and 2C of the pseudo-artificial sandbox are naturally cultured. In addition, as for fish, rockfish, red sea bream, black sea bream, etc. gather and swim freely in swimming area 8 and grow by eating algae, plankton, small fish, and artificially provided food, and the part where the aquaculture reef is installed is a marine farm. It acts as.

Then, the number of starfish etc. crawls up the pillar 4,...□
Therefore, when attempting to enter the aquaculture bed 2a, it comes into contact with gas such as air in the gas layer box 3 installed in the middle of the support 4, and is prevented from climbing up the support 4 any further. Entry into the aquaculture bed 2a is prevented and the damage to shellfish can be reduced. In addition, if the gas such as air in the box 3 is eluted into the seawater, it should be replenished one after another, and the gas such as air or nitrogen gas should always be kept in the pillars 4, . . .

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it is clear that modifications can be made without changing the gist of the present invention. Incidentally, the basic concrete block may be made circular to form a totally circular nurturing V4 reef, and the installation method may also be circular or cross-shaped. Then, the surrounding area of the three-dimensional aquaculture plant was set up in a rectangular, circular, or cross-shaped hem. It is also possible to make it a pure aquaculture farm by surrounding it with j49. In this case, there is also the advantage of calming the flow of seawater and reducing the outflow of sand.

In addition, it is possible to freely increase the size of the gap between the floors of each floor to improve the workability of the dialer and improve the lighting. 6 In addition, measures are taken as appropriate to prevent starfish and the like from climbing up. Furthermore, the box can hold gas such as air inside, so if a number of starfish or other animals try to enter the culture bed,
It is obvious that other configurations may be used as long as the configuration is such that it can prevent the gas from creeping up when in contact with the gas.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the culture bed etc. are made of steel (
Although the explanation has been given using a structure made of concrete or reinforced plastic, it is clear that it is also possible to use a structure made of concrete, reinforced plastic, etc. in the same way as a regular fish reef.
It may also have a structure with a floor of tiers or four or more tiers.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, the shellfish of the present invention! According to Y's aquaculture plant, a layer of gas such as air or nitrogen gas is interposed between the aquaculture bed for cultivating shellfish and the seabed, and the presence of the gas reduces the number of starfish, etc. Since they are prevented from crawling onto the culture bed, it has the effect of reducing the damage to shellfish caused by this arrangement.

In addition, according to the shellfish breeding plant of the present invention, the breeding bed is formed three-dimensionally, so it can cope with the natural environment of inland seas such as the Seto Inland Sea, and the ocean can be used three-dimensionally. have an effect. Therefore, it can serve as an environmental reef for not only certain fish or shellfish 11 but also a wide variety of seasonal fish.

In addition, according to the shellfish aquaculture plant of the present invention, 1. By using a steel aquaculture bed, there is an advantage that algae, which is food for shellfish, is easily attached, and advantages such as ease of production and transportation due to the light sterility are obtained. When combined, it also has an effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
) is a side view, Figure 1(b) is an enlarged view of the main part of the support column, and Figure 1i(C) is the 11'? 1(b) is a vertical cross-sectional view, Figure 2 is a plan view of the upper floor, Figure 3 is a plan view of the middle floor (lower floor), and Figure 4 is a plan view of the middle floor (lower floor).
The figure is an adjacent arrangement 7f, a plan view showing the state, 5th and 1 is a side view showing the same adjoining arrangement: loaf state, Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure for setting (N Month J), and Fig. 7 is a plan view showing the arrangement state. It is a plan view of 1...), (foundation concrete block, 1a...
depression, 2... culture bed, 2a, 2b, 2c... rectangular culture bed with multiple upper and lower stages, 3... gas gamma jounin box, 4.
... Support, 5... Sand, 6... Open state part, 7...
Swimming area, 8...Light opening, 9...Net, 10... Gas layer properties such as air ．． ,, knee, −□

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A gas layer such as air or nitrogen gas is interposed between the aquaculture bed and the seabed, and the gas layer prevents harmful enemies such as starfish from climbing onto the aquaculture bed. A shellfish aquaculture plant. (2) at least a portion of the bottom surface of the foundation block is open;
A plurality of pillars equipped with a box injected with gas such as air or nitrogen gas are installed, and the plurality of pillars support aquaculture beds on multiple floors above and below, and each of the aquaculture beds is placed in a sandbox, rocky area, etc. A shellfish aquaculture plant characterized by being formed on different simulated environment floors. (3) The upper and lower floors are made up of three levels: upper, middle, and lower. Natural stones and blocks are installed on the upper floor to create a pseudo-rocky area, where algae such as abalone and turban shells and algae such as green algae can grow. 3. The shellfish aquaculture plant according to claim 2, wherein sand is laid down to a thickness of about 10 to 30 cm on each of the middle bed and the lower bed to grow shellfish such as clams, red clams, and milk crabs. (4) The aquaculture plant according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the three-dimensional culture bed is formed of steel and is arranged adjacently in a rectangular, cross-shaped, or circular shape.