JPH01317334A - Method for scraping fungi of agrocybe cylindracea maire and fungi scraping blade used therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable efficient harvesting and packing operations and contrive improvement in appearance and quality by horizontally scraping Agrocybe cylindracea Maire germinated in a culture bottle in the central part of a fungal bed surface and carrying out cracking in the peripheral part of the fungal bed surface. CONSTITUTION:Spawns of Agrocybe cylindracea Maire are inoculated into a culture bottle filled with a culture medium 10 and cultured to spread hyphae in the culture medium. A horizontal scraping blade 20 consisting of a wire is then used to expose the culture medium surface relatively to the central part (B) of the fungal bed surface 14 and arrange the surface into a germinating surface. The resultant surface is stood erect on both sides of a supporting member 24 and the surface layer part (A) of the culture medium 10 is scraped off with cracking blades 22 to carry out fungal scraping.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a method for scraping fungi in the artificial cultivation of Willow matsutake, and a fungus scraping blade used in this method.

(Background Art) In cultivation, physical changes or stimulation are applied to the hyphae in order to generate fruiting bodies (mushrooms) from the hyphae spread in the culture medium. What is fungus scraping?
People who used sawdust, etc., such as enoki mushrooms as a medium material] Two cultivations, especially bottle cultivation [In this method, the inoculum is removed from the seedbed surface, and at the same time, the hyphae on the seedbed surface are subjected to physical stimulation such as cutting. This is an operation that promotes the generation of mushrooms.

For example, when cultivating enoki mushrooms in bottles, a method called ``butsusha'' involves removing one type of bacteria and scraping off a certain amount of the surface layer of the culture medium.

Alternatively, there is a method called "flat scraping" in which only the seed fungus is removed, but the surface of the medium is rubbed without scraping to stimulate the hyphae.

In addition, in the cultivation of Shirotamogitake, the seed fungus is left in the central part of the nursery surface, and fungus scraping is performed so that fruiting bodies (mushrooms) are generated from the remaining seed fungus.

On the other hand, willow matsutake is a mushroom whose cultivation has started in recent years, and there is no established cultivation method yet, and various cultivation methods have been tried.

The present inventor has conducted experiments and research regarding the cultivation of Willow matsutake, particularly on suitable cultivation methods for bottle cultivation, and has found that the growth status of Willow matsutake is greatly affected by the method used to scrape the bacteria, and that the conventional [Butushiya]
We found that the cultivation method using the fungus scraping method is unsuitable for harvesting work and has problems such as inferior commercial value.

The present invention has been made to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to ensure that the artificial cultivation of Willow Matsutake, especially in bottle cultivation, allows the mushrooms to have a uniform shape and the roots to be gathered together for harvesting. To provide a method for scraping willow matsutake which is easy to obtain and which has a high commercial value, and a blade for scraping the fungus used in this method.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the object described above, the present invention has the following configuration.6 That is, as a method for scraping Willow matsutake, a seed culture of Salix matsutake is placed in a cultivation bottle filled with a culture medium. After inoculating and culturing and the mycelium spreads in the medium, when performing fungal scraping,
For the central part of the seedbed surface, expose the surface of the medium.
1=The surface of the culture medium is prepared in a flat surface, and the surface layer of the culture medium is also scraped off to remove bacteria from the surrounding area of the mushroom growth surface, and the mushroom is advanced while rotating into the mouth of the cultivation bottle where bacteria are to be scraped. In the bacteria scraping blade that scrapes the inoculum or the culture medium, the part of the bacteria scraping blade that corresponds to the central part of the seedbed surface is formed into a flat scraping blade for exposing the culture medium surface, and the part corresponding to the peripheral part of the seedbed surface corresponds to the blade. It is characterized in that the part that scrapes the surface layer of the culture medium is formed as a blade for scraping. In addition, flat scraping blades include those constructed from wire, those constructed from a flat plate-like member, those formed into a brush shape, those provided by biasing toward the seedbed surface, and those constructed from an air raking blade. You can use one that uses

(Summary of the Invention) In the method for scraping Willow matsutake according to the present invention, when scraping the seedbed surface, the culture medium surface is exposed in the central part of the seedbed surface to create a mushroom-prone surface that is easy for mushrooms to germinate, and the peripheral part of the mushroom-propagation surface is exposed. Now, remove the bacteria by scraping the surface layer of the medium. In other words, the central part of the seedbed surface should be ``flat-raked,'' and the peripheral parts of the seedbed surface should be ``brushed.''

FIG. 1(a) is an explanatory diagram showing the method of scratching bacteria of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 10 indicates a culture medium filled in a cultivation bottle, and a seeding hole 12 is vertically opened in the center of the culture medium 10. The inoculum is inoculated by dropping it into the cultivation bottle from the bottle opening, and Figure 1 shows the state after the inoculum has been removed by scraping.

As shown in the figure, the surface layer of the culture medium is scraped off at the periphery of the seedbed surface 14 by the bacteria scraping, forming a level difference that is slightly lower than the center. Only the inoculum is removed and the surface of the medium is exposed.

The broken line 14a in the figure shows the position of the culture medium surface before scraping, A indicates the part where "bukkaki" was performed around the bacterial bed surface, and B shows the part where "flat scraping" was performed at the center of the bacterial bed surface. .

FIGS. 1(b) and 1(c) are explanatory diagrams showing the state in which mushrooms grow by scratching as shown in FIG. 1(a). As shown in the figure, according to this fungus scraping method, the vicinity of the center of the fungus bed surface 14 becomes the mushroom surface, and fruiting bodies 16 (
Mushrooms) are generated, and the grown mushrooms have a Katsura-shaped root, and at the same time they grow large and have good growth conditions.

In addition, in this method of bacterial scraping, it does not matter whether there are inoculum on the bacterial bed surface or not. Make sure to scrape off the surface layer.

Therefore, if some seed remains on the seedbed surface after seed inoculation, naturally remove the seed from the center of the seedbed surface to expose the medium surface.

For the surrounding area, scrape off the surface layer of the culture medium along with the inoculum.

FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 show, as a comparative example, a case in which Willow matsutake was grown using the fungus scraping method conventionally used in the cultivation of mushrooms such as Enokitake.

Figure 2 shows how to remove the inoculum without scraping the surface layer of the medium.
In this method, as shown in Fig. 2, the fruiting bodies 16 are generated from the entire fungal bed surface 14, resulting in poor cohesion at the root portion. As a result, when the mushrooms are harvested, the roots fall apart and are difficult to handle.

FIG. 3 shows the "bukkaki" method, in which the surface layer of the medium is scraped off, resulting in poor mushroom growth and an overall inferior yield. If the conditions are good, fungi will grow uniformly from the entire seedbed surface 14 as shown in Figure 3 (G), but the roots will be scattered as in "flat scraping" and the fungus bed surface 14 will dry out. In such a case, as shown in Figure 3(c), it occurs only near the inoculation hole 12 in the center, and the inoculation hole 1
2. The roots go deep inside the plant, making it difficult to handle.

Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows a method of scraping bacteria using the Shirotamogitake method, in which the seed bacteria 18 were left in the center of the bacterial bed surface. Since the cultivation temperature of Salix matsutake is relatively high, the seed fungus 18 tends to dry out, and in such fungi scraping, mushrooms only grow from the fungus bed surface 14 around the seed fungus 18.

In addition, FIG. 5 shows mushrooms generated in Jm without being scraped and inoculated with seed culture 18.

In this case as well, the mushrooms do not grow actively, and may grow only on the surface of the first seed fungus 18 or on the sidewalls of the seed fungus 18.

Compared to the conventional method described above, in the method of the present invention, only the surface of the medium is exposed in the central part of the seedbed surface, so the fruiting body primordium quickly grows in the peripheral part that has been scraped down to the surface layer of the medium. It is formed. Once the primordium is formed, the nutrients contained in the hyphae are concentrated in the primordium, making it easier to develop fruiting bodies. As a result, the vicinity of the center becomes the mushroom surface, and fruit bodies emerge from this mushroom surface in a shape of a katana shape, and grow to an appropriate size and number. This facilitates the harvesting process and provides mushrooms with high commercial value.

In addition, in the bacterial scraping method according to the present invention, the surface layer of the medium is exposed in the central part of the bacterial bed surface, that is, near the inoculation hole, and the surface layer of the medium is scraped off in the peripheral area of the bacterial bed surface. The bacteria scraping blade used acts by gently pressing against the surface of the bacterial bed near the inoculation hole so as not to scrape the surface layer of the medium, and acts against the surface of the medium in the periphery by scraping the surface layer of the medium. are preferably used.

(Example) Below, we will explain experimental examples of willow matsutake that were subjected to bacterial scraping using the bacterial scraping method of the present invention, those that were subjected to conventional "flat scraping", and those that were not subjected to bacterial scraping. do.

Fill 800cc polypropylene bottles with saw H medium, inoculate with Willow matsutake seed fungi, and divide into 3 sections A, B, and C. After these were cultured using the same method and the mycelium spread in the medium, the A area was subjected to bacterial scraping using the method of the present invention, the B area was subjected to the conventional "flat scraping", and the 0 area was scratched using the method of the present invention. In this case, fruiting bodies (mushrooms) were allowed to develop while the inoculum was left on the fungal bed surface without scraping.

For each, the number, size, arrangement of fruiting bodies (mushrooms),
The number of growing days and root cohesion were examined. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 As shown in Table 1, fruiting bodies (
Mushrooms) are generated (0 ward) is the number of mushrooms.

There was wide variation in size, and therefore the number of growing days was also inconsistent. Also, because the fruiting bodies (mushrooms) develop from various parts of the seed fungus, the roots do not come together.

In addition, in plot B, where "flat scraping" was performed, the number of fruiting bodies (mushrooms) was good and the arrangement was good, but because the nutrients were evenly distributed to all the fruiting bodies, the size of each fruiting body was small. It got smaller. In addition, fruiting bodies (mushrooms) emerge from the entire seedbed surface, but they do not clump together because Willow Matsutake does not have the same root fusion as Enokitake.

Compared to these, in the method according to the present invention (Δ section), the fruiting body (
Although the number of mushrooms (mushrooms) decreases compared to District B, the size of each mushroom increases and they are well arranged, and the fruiting bodies are densely formed only in the center of the nursery surface, so the roots are well organized. It was possible to obtain a plant whose roots do not easily separate during harvest.

As described above, according to the fungi-scraping method of the present invention, it is possible to produce willow matsutake mushrooms of appropriate size and number, suitable for harvesting work, and with a compact base that is of high commercial value.

In addition, FIGS. 6 to 13 show examples of the germ scraping blade according to the present invention. Figures 14 and 15 are examples of conventionally used bacteria scrapers. Figure 14 is a blade used for "flat scraping", and Figure 15 is an example of a bacteria scraper used for "bukkaki J". It is.

The bacteria scraping blades shown in FIGS. 6 to 13 each include a flat scraping blade 20 for exposing the culture medium surface to a portion corresponding to the central portion of the bacterial bed surface, and a flat scraping blade 20 corresponding to the peripheral portion of the bacterial bed surface. A scraping blade 22 is formed to scrape the area down to the surface layer of the medium.

The bacteria scraping blade shown in FIG. 6 uses a wire as a flat scraping blade 20, is formed to protrude at the center so that the surface of the culture medium can be suitably exposed in accordance with the inoculation hole, and is formed at both ends of the support member 24. A flat plate-shaped bukkaki deba 2 erected symmetrically on the
The base of the wire is fixed to the tip of the wire. A blade for scraping off the culture medium is formed at the contact portion of the bukaki blade 22 with the bacterial bed surface.

When scraping bacteria, support the cultivation bottle with the bottle mouth facing downward, and move the blade forward into the bottle mouth while rotating the blade with the center line of the blade as the axis of rotation, exposing the surface of the medium. Scrape off the part. In this embodiment, the flat scraping blade 20 is formed of wire, so that when the bacteria scraping blade is rotated, bacteria can be easily scraped without clogging the opening of the bottle with bacteria.

The bacteria scraping blade shown in Fig. 7 is a flat scraping blade 2 made of wire.
The proximal end of the scraping blade 22 is wound around the outer periphery of the scraping blade 22 like a spring, and the flat scraping blade 20 is movable in the direction of the rotation axis and biased in the direction of the bacterial bed surface. In the example shown in FIG. 8, a flat scraping blade 20 is erected at the center of a support member 24 and supported by a support rod 26 in the form of a spring.

The example shown in FIG. 9 uses a flat scraping blade 20 with a central part protruding toward the inoculation hole, and the example shown in FIG. A spring 28 is provided to bias it forward and make it sink. The example shown in FIG. 11 uses a brush planted toward the seedbed surface instead of the flat plate-shaped member as the flat scraping blade 20, and the central part is formed so as to protrude into the seedling hole. has been done.

In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 12, the flat scraping blade 20a is formed into a spring shape with a protruding central part, and the base is fixed to a support rod 26a for support, as well as the spring-shaped flat scraping blade 20a. A bukkake-deba 22a is arranged in the middle of the deba. The cutting blade 22a is provided at a position offset from the axis of rotation, and acts so as to come into contact with the peripheral part of the seedbed surface and scrape off the surface layer of the culture medium.

In addition, the example shown in FIG. 13 is configured to remove the inoculum using air, and an air blowing nozzle 30 is provided in the center of the support member 24, and bukkake blades 22 are erected at both ends of the support member 24. It is something. In the case of this fungus scraping blade, compressed air is discharged from the central nozzle 30 to expose the medium in the center of the seedbed surface, and the surface layer of the medium is scraped off by applying the bukaki blade 22 to the periphery of the seedbed surface. do it like this.

Note that instead of discharging air from the nozzle, air may be sucked to expose the surface of the culture medium.

-1- In each of the embodiments, the bacteria scraping blades are shown as having a flat plate-like overall shape, but the number of blades arranged in the circumferential direction is not particularly limited, and the bacteria scraping blades are formed on at least one side of the rotation axis. All you have to do is stay there.

The present invention has been variously explained above using preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Of course, many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the uninvented fungus scraping method, mushrooms grow in forest form and are of appropriate size and number, and harvesting, packaging, etc. can be easily performed. At the same time, willow matsutake that grows well and has high commercial value can be obtained.

Moreover, according to the fungus scraping blade of the present invention, it is possible to easily perform fungus scraping suitable for cultivating Willow matsutake.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1(a), (b), and (c) are explanatory diagrams showing the fungi-scraping method according to the present invention and the growth state of fruiting bodies by this fungi-scraping method, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the growth state of fruiting bodies when using the conventional method of scraping, and FIGS. 6 to 13 are perspective views showing embodiments of the scraping blade according to the present invention. 14 and 15 are perspective views showing conventional examples of germ scraping blades. 10... Medium, 12... Inoculation hole. 14... Seedbed surface, 16... Fruiting body, 18...
Inoculum, 20... Flat scraped blade, 22... Bukkaki Deba.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After inoculating a cultivation bottle filled with a culture medium with a seed fungus of Salix matsutake and cultivating it so that the mycelium spreads in the medium, when scraping the fungi, the central part of the fungus bed surface is In contrast, the method for scraping fungi on Willow matsutake is characterized in that the surface of the medium is exposed to form a mushroom-growing surface, and the surface layer of the medium is also scraped to remove bacteria around the mushroom-growing surface. 2. In the bacteria scraper blade that is rotated and advanced into the mouth of the cultivation bottle to scrape the seed bacteria or culture medium, the part of the bacteria scraper blade that corresponds to the center part of the bacteria bed surface exposes the surface of the culture medium. A fungus scraper for cultivating willow matsutake, characterized in that the part corresponding to the peripheral part of the fungus bed surface is formed as a flat scraping blade for scraping up to the surface layer of the culture medium. blade. 3. The bacteria scraping blade according to claim 2, wherein the flat scraping blade is formed of a wire, and is curved so that the central part thereof protrudes so as to penetrate into the inoculation hole of the culture medium. 4. The bacteria scraping blade according to claim 2, wherein the flat scraping blade is formed of a flat plate-like member and has a central portion protruding so as to penetrate into the inoculation hole of the culture medium. 5. The fungus scraping blade according to claim 2, wherein the flat scraping blade is formed by a brush planted toward the seedbed surface, and the central part is formed to protrude into the inoculation hole of the culture medium. 6. The bacteria scraping blade according to claim 3, claim 4, or claim 5, wherein the flat scraping blade is supported so as to be movable back and forth in the axial direction of the rotating shaft and is biased toward the bacterial bed surface. 7. In the bacteria scraping blade that is rotated and advanced into the mouth of the cultivation bottle to scrape the seedlings or culture medium, the part of the bacteria scraping blade corresponding to the central part of the bacteria bed surface is configured to discharge air or It is formed in the air suction/discharge part that exposes the culture medium surface by air suction, and the part corresponding to the peripheral part of the bacterial bed surface is formed as a blade for scraping up to the surface layer of the culture medium. Fungus scraping blade for cultivating willow matsutake.