JPH0132389B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a switching valve, and particularly to a switching valve that switches the flow of refrigerant between a high pressure side and a low pressure side of a refrigeration cycle.

[Background of the invention]

A conventional switching valve is as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 35-12689, which will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. 1 is the body, which has a cylindrical shape,
A first conduction path 2, a second conduction path 3, a third conduction path 5, and a fourth conduction path 4 are provided, and a first connection path 6 and a second connection path 7 are formed on the left and right sides. 8 is the main valve,
It is slidably installed on the valve seat 9. Reference numeral 10 denotes a plunger which holds the main valve 8, to which a first piston 11 and a second piston 12 are connected on the left and right sides, and a first valve 13 and a second valve 14 are firmly supported. A first bleed hole 11a and a second bleed hole 12a are formed in the left and right pistons. 15 is a three-way valve for the pilot, and a first nozzle 16 is installed in the main body 16.
a, forming the second nozzle 16b and forming the fifth conduction path 1;
7. A sixth conduction path 18 and a seventh conduction path 19 are provided.
20 is a first needle valve, and 21 is a second needle valve, the tips of which are butted against each other. 22 is a first spring, 23 is a second spring, and 24 is an electromagnetic coil.
25, 26, and 27 are a fifth connecting pipe, a sixth connecting pipe, and a seventh connecting pipe, respectively.

To explain the operation in the above-described configuration, first, when the electromagnetic coil 24 of the three-way pilot valve 15 is not energized, no magnetic force is formed, and the first needle valve 20 is moved by the second spring 2 due to the action of the first spring 22.
The first nozzle 16a is closed against the force of 3, and the second needle valve 21 is moved rightward to close the second nozzle 16a.
Open the nozzle 16b. In this state, the first
When high-pressure gas flows in from the conduction path 2, the high-pressure gas flows out from the first bleed hole 11a provided in the first piston 11, and the first piston 11 is pressurized.

On the other hand, the high-pressure gas flowing out from the second bleed hole 12a provided in the second piston 12 passes through the second nozzle 16b from the sixth connection pipe 26, and passes through the seventh nozzle 16b.
The third conduction path 5 is in a lower pressure state than the connecting pipe 27
is discharged and depressurized. Here, a pressure difference is created between the left and right pistons 11 and 12, causing the plunger 10 to move rightward and the main valve 8 held therebetween also moving rightward, causing the second valve 14 to close the second connection path 7. The outflow of high pressure gas is stopped and the movement is stopped, and at the same time, the first and fourth conductive paths 2 and 4 are communicated with each other.
The third conduction paths 3 and 5 are communicated with each other to separate a high pressure chamber and a low pressure chamber, resulting in a state as shown in FIG.

Next, when the electromagnetic coil 24 of the pilot three-way valve 15 is energized, the first needle valve 20
moves to the left against the force of the first spring 22 to open the first nozzle 16a, and the second needle valve 21 moves to the left by the action of the spring force of the second spring 23 to open the second nozzle. 16b is closed. In this state, when high pressure gas flows in from the first conduit 2, the first piston 11 side becomes low pressure and the second piston 12 side becomes high pressure, contrary to the above, and the plunger 1
0 to the left, the main valve 8 held therein also moves to the left and stops at the position where the first valve 13 closes the first connection path 6, and the first and second conduction paths 2, 3 are moved to the left. At the same time, the third and fourth conductive passages 5 and 4 are communicated with each other to isolate the high pressure chamber and the low pressure chamber, and the valves can be switched as shown in FIG.

To explain the role of such a switching valve in an air conditioner with reference to FIG. 3, 31 is a compressor, 32 is a
33 and 34 are heat exchangers, 35 is a check valve, and 36 and 37 are capillary tubes. In the above-mentioned refrigeration cycle, when cooling, the solid arrow indicates 31-32-33-35-37-34-3.
The refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit 2-31 and enters a cooling operation state. Next, during heating, the coil of the switching valve 32 is energized as shown in the dashed line 31-32-34-37-36.
-33-32-31 refrigerant circuit circulates and enters heating operation state. The pressure state of the switching valve 32 during the cooling operation state is such that the first and fourth conductive passages 2 and 4 have high pressure and the second and third conductive passages 3 and 5 have low pressure. Also, during heating operation, the first and second conduction passages 2 and 3 are at high pressure and the third and fourth conduction passages 5 and 4 are at low pressure, so that the first conduction passage 2 is always at high pressure and the third conduction passage 5 is at low pressure. It is a state. In both cases, when the operation is stopped, the high and low pressures are balanced and there is no pressure difference.

The switching valve 32 as described above has the following drawbacks. That is, the pressure is switched between high and low pressure by operating the pilot three-way valve 15, and the valve is switched depending on the pressure difference, so it cannot operate in a state where there is no pressure difference, and a certain pressure difference is required. Switching cannot be performed unless the air conditioner or the like is operated, resulting in operational loss at the beginning of switching.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor filed the previously filed Utility Application No. 55-93623 (Utility Model Application No.
57-16765), in the specification, a plurality of heat exchangers and a plurality of conduction passages communicating with the low pressure side of the compressor are provided in the body of the switching valve, and a conduction passage communicating with the high pressure side of the compressor is provided, By providing a slidable valve body for switching the plurality of conduction paths and connecting the valve body to an armature operated by an electromagnetic coil, air conditioners, etc. can be operated without requiring a pressure difference when operating the switching valve. We are proposing a switching valve that can perform switching without switching, and eliminates operational loss at the beginning of switching. In addition, the applicant has filed Utility Application No. 55-93623.
As an improved version of the No. 56-
The specification of No. 61272 (Utility Model Application No. 57-174861) discloses a switching valve in which the valve body is rotatably and slidably provided in the body of the switching valve, thereby reducing the movement of the valve and reducing the size of the valve. By providing a communication hole for balance in the main valve of Utility Application No. 56-61272 to communicate the low pressure side and the high pressure side, and opening and closing this lack of communication with an auxiliary valve to reduce the differential pressure to the main valve, Japanese Patent Application No. 56-63901 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1983-1986) proposed a switching valve that requires less electromagnetic force to switch the valve and can reduce the size of the electromagnetic coil.
-179476).

By the way, in this proposal, the communication passage that communicates with the high pressure side of the compressor is provided in the body of the switching valve at a location different from the flat surface where other communication passages are provided. (This is because the main valve is brought into close contact with the base due to the pressure difference between the low pressure side and the low pressure side inside the main valve.) Therefore, the connection work of the connecting pipe is difficult and the pipe becomes large.

[Purpose of the invention]

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized switching valve for a refrigeration cycle that allows easy connection work of connecting pipes.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention includes a plurality of heat exchangers provided on the same plane in a body, a plurality of conductive passages communicating with a low pressure side and a high pressure side of a compressor, a high pressure chamber communicating with the high pressure side, and a high pressure chamber communicating with the low pressure side. a slidable main valve that has a low pressure chamber communicating with the conduction path and switches the conduction path; a balance chamber that covers all of the conduction path with the main valve and partitions the inside of the body; and the low pressure chamber and A low-pressure balance hole provided in the main valve communicating with the balance chamber, a high-pressure balance hole provided in the main valve communicating the high-pressure chamber and the balance chamber, and the low-pressure balance hole are connected by electromagnetic force. The switching valve is equipped with an auxiliary valve that opens and closes with the auxiliary valve, and a spring that connects the auxiliary valve and the main valve, and the diameter of the high pressure balance hole is smaller than the diameter of the low pressure balance hole.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 to 8. 41 is a cylindrical body, and a guide attachment hole 41a is formed on the left side surface. 42
is a base formed in a disk shape, which is tightly fitted into the bottom opening of the body 41, and has a first conductive path 43, a second conductive path 44, a third conductive path 45, and a fourth conductive path 4 on the flat surface.
6. A fifth conduction path 47 is formed. Connection pipes 48 and 4 are connected to the conduction paths 43 to 47, respectively.
9, 50, and 51 are connected. Reference numeral 52 denotes a main valve, and a rotation support shaft 52a is formed on one side of the upper surface of the main valve, and a spring locking portion 52b is formed on the other side.
Further, on the lower surface side of the main valve 52, a low pressure chamber 52c, a second
Three chambers, a high pressure chamber 52d and a first high pressure chamber 52e, are provided, and a low pressure balance hole 52f communicating with the low pressure chamber 52c and a high pressure balance hole 52g communicating with the second high pressure chamber 52d are formed. The high pressure balance hole 52g has a smaller diameter than the low pressure balance hole 52f. Reference numeral 53 denotes an auxiliary valve, one side of which is loosely fitted onto the support shaft 52a of the main valve 52, and a spring locking portion 53 on the upper surface of the other side.
b is formed, and an actuating portion 53a is formed on the central upper surface. In addition, a valve portion 5 is provided on the central lower surface of the auxiliary valve 53.
3c is formed, and the low pressure balance hole 5 of the main valve 52
2F is designed to open and close. 54 is a tension spring, one end of which is locked to the spring locking portion 52b of the main valve 52 and the other end to the spring locking portion 53b of the auxiliary valve 53;
As the auxiliary valve 53 moves, the low pressure balance hole 52f of the main valve 52 is closed by the valve portion 53c of the auxiliary valve 53. 55 is a guide, body 4
1, and a stopper 55a is formed at the right end. An armature 56 is slidably disposed within the guide 55, and has a groove 56a formed at its left end and a connecting portion 56b at its right end.
is formed. Reference numeral 57 denotes an actuating plate, one end of which is loosely fitted into the actuating portion 53a of the auxiliary valve 53, and the other end connected to the connecting portion 56b of the armature 56. 5
Reference numeral 8 denotes an attractor, which is tightly fitted into the left end portion of the guide 55. A compression coil spring 59 has one end abutted against the groove 56a of the armature 56 and the other end abutted against the suction element 58, and has the function of constantly moving the armature 56 to the right. A coil 60 is inserted on the outside of the guide 55. Reference numeral 61 denotes a yoke, which forms a magnetic field created by the coil 60, and is fixed to the attractor 58 with a screw 62. Reference numeral 63 denotes a disk-shaped lid that is tightly fitted into the upper opening of the body 41, and has a bearing groove (not shown) into which the rotation support shaft 52a of the main valve 52 is fitted. Reference numeral 64 denotes a balance chamber, which is a space other than the main valve 52 that is composed of a body 41, a base 42, and a lid 63. Next, the arrangement state of the main valve 52 will be explained as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
When the armature 56 is in the rightmost direction as shown in the figure, the third conduction path 4 is connected to the low pressure chamber 52c of the main valve 52.
5 and the fourth conduction path 46 are in communication with each other, and the second high pressure chamber 52
d is connected to the second conduction path 44, and the first high pressure chamber 52
e is disposed at a position where the first conduction path 43 and the fifth conduction path 47 communicate with each other. Next, when the armature 56 is in the leftmost direction as shown in FIG. The passage 44 and the third conduction passage 45 communicate with each other, and the first high pressure chamber 52e is arranged at a position where the first conduction passage 43 communicates with the first high pressure chamber 52e.
Further, the first conductive path 43 and the second conductive path 44 are communicated with each other outside the body 41 through a connecting pipe 48 .

The operation of the structure as described above will be explained. First, when the coil 60 is not energized, the armature 56 moves to the right by the action of the compression coil spring 59 and pushes the auxiliary valve 53 via the actuating plate 57, and the auxiliary valve 53 uses the rotation support shaft 52a of the main valve 52 as its fulcrum. Rotate and move. As a result, by the action of the tension spring 54, the main valve 52 also rotates around the rotational support shaft 52a as shown in FIG.
47, and the third and fourth conduction paths 45 and 46 communicate with the first high pressure chamber 52e and the low pressure chamber 52c, respectively, and the second conduction path 44 communicates with the second high pressure chamber 52d. At this time, high pressure gas flows into the balance chamber 6 from the high pressure balance hole 52g provided in the second high pressure chamber 52d.
4, the pressure in the balance chamber 64 is reduced to the second high pressure chamber 5.
The pressure is the same as that of 2d. Further, the low pressure balance hole 52f is closed by the auxiliary valve 53. Next, when the coil 60 is energized from the state shown in FIG. is attracted by the suction element 58 against the resultant force of , and pulls the auxiliary valve 53 via the actuating plate 57, so that the auxiliary valve 53 rotates leftward about the rotational shaft 52a of the main valve 52 as a fulcrum. At this time, a very large differential pressure is applied to the main valve 52 that resists the spring force of the tension spring 54, so that the main valve 52 does not move. As a result, the low pressure balance hole 52f of the main valve 52 is opened, resulting in a state as shown in FIG. In this state, the pressure in the balance chamber 64 is reduced to the high pressure balance hole 5.
By opening the low-pressure balance hole 52f larger than 2g, high-pressure gas flows into the low-pressure chamber 52 and is reduced in pressure, becoming lower than the pressure in the second high-pressure chamber 52d. Therefore, the differential pressure that the main valve 52 receives is reduced, and the main valve 52 is moved to the rotation support shaft 52 by the action of the spring force of the tension spring 54.
It rotates to the left about a as a fulcrum, and the state as shown in FIG. 7 is obtained. In the state shown in Fig. 7, the main valve 5
The second low pressure balance hole 52f is closed by the auxiliary valve 53, and the pressure in the balance chamber 64 is reduced to the second high pressure chamber 5.
2d, the main valve 52 is again pressed against the base 42 due to the differential pressure, and the low pressure chamber 52
c, the second high pressure chamber 52d and the first high pressure chamber 52e are sealed, the fourth and fifth conduction paths 46 and 47 are communicated with the low pressure chamber 52c, and the second and third conduction paths 44 and 4
5 is communicated with the second high pressure chamber 52d, and the first conduction path 4
3 is communicated with the first high pressure chamber 52e.

Next, when the coil 60 is de-energized from the state shown in FIG. 7, the armature 56 moves to the right against the resultant force of the differential pressure applied to the tension spring 54 and the auxiliary valve 53 due to the action of the compression coil spring 59. Actuation plate 57
, and the auxiliary valve 53 is rotated to the right. At this time, the main valve 52 does not move because it is receiving a very large differential pressure that resists the spring force of the tension spring 54 as described above. As a result, the low pressure balance hole 52f of the main valve 52 is opened, resulting in a state as shown in FIG. In the state shown in Figure 8,
As in the state shown in FIG. 6, the pressure in the balance chamber 64 is reduced by opening the low pressure balance hole 52f, and the second,
The pressure becomes lower than the pressure in the first high pressure chambers 52d and 52e,
The differential pressure that the main valve 52 receives decreases, and the main valve 52
is rotated in the right direction by the action of the spring force of the tension spring 54, and the first and fifth conductive passages 43 and 47 are again communicated with the first high pressure chamber 52e, and the third and fourth conductive passages 45 and 46 are communicated with the first high pressure chamber 52e. communicated with the low pressure chamber 52c,
The second conduction path 44 is communicated with the second high pressure chamber 52d, and the state as shown in FIG. 4 is established, and the valves are switched.

According to the embodiment described above, the main valve 52 can be operated without a pressure difference, so switching can be performed without operating the air conditioner, etc., and operation loss at the start of operation of the air conditioner, etc. can be reduced. It can be removed. Moreover, since the main valve 52 operates when the low pressure balance hole, which has a larger diameter than the high pressure balance hole, is opened to lower the pressure in the balance chamber 64, it can be operated with a small driving force, and can be operated when an air conditioner or the like is operated. Switching can be done in a short time even when stopped. There is no need for a conventional three-way pilot valve, the cost is very low, and the structure is simple. In addition, the valve mechanism includes a main valve 52 and an auxiliary valve 5.
Since there are only two locations (3), the valve leakage prevention is more reliable and easier to manufacture than the conventional one. Furthermore, since the structure does not require the addition of a pilot three-way valve, there is no need for a connection between the pilot three-way valve and the main body, resulting in lower costs and eliminating factors such as gas leakage. In addition, both the main valve 52 and the auxiliary valve 53 use a single point as a fulcrum and are switched by rotational movement, so that each of the conductive passages 43 to 47 can be opened and closed on the same surface of the main valve 52, and the moving distance of the drive source can be shortened, allowing for miniaturization. can satisfy your needs. Further, by operating the main valve 52 with the spring 54 attached to the main valve 52 and the auxiliary valve 53, reliable operation can be achieved at low cost. Furthermore, since each of the conductive passages 43 to 47 is provided on the same plane and switched by the main valve 52, the seat surfaces can be made on the same plane and valve leakage can be minimized. Since it can be piped, the connection work is simple and can be manufactured at low cost. Furthermore, when it is incorporated into equipment such as a refrigeration cycle, the space in which the connecting pipe is housed can be reduced, and the equipment can be downsized.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the switching valve can be switched without depending on the pressure difference. Furthermore, since the conduction passages 43 to 47 are provided on the same plane in the body of the switching valve, each of the connection pipes 48 to 51 can be installed on the same plane, which simplifies the connection work and allows the connection pipes to be placed on the same plane. When incorporated into equipment such as a refrigeration cycle without protruding from multiple sides, the space in which the connecting pipe is housed can be reduced, and the equipment can be downsized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of conventional switching valves;
Figure 3 is a configuration diagram of the refrigeration cycle of an air conditioner;
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a switching valve showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are cross-sectional views of a switching valve showing an embodiment of the present invention. . 41... Body, 42... Base, 43... First conducting path, 44... Second conducting path, 45... Third conducting path, 46... Fourth conducting path, 47... Fifth conducting path, 48, 49, 50, 51...Connection pipe, 5
2...Main valve, 52c...Low pressure chamber, 52d...Second
High pressure chamber, 52e...First high pressure chamber, 52f...Low pressure balance hole, 52g...High pressure balance hole, 5
3... Auxiliary valve, 54... Tension spring, 55... Guide, 56... Armature, 57... Operating plate, 5
8... Attractor, 59... Compression coil spring, 60...
...Coil, 61...Yoke, 62...Screw, 63
...Lid, 64...Balance chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A plurality of heat exchangers provided on the same plane in the body, a plurality of conductive passages communicating with the low pressure side and the high pressure side of the compressor, a high pressure chamber communicating with the high pressure side and communicating with the low pressure side. a slidable main valve that has a low pressure chamber and switches the conduction path; a balance chamber that covers all of the conduction paths with the main valve and partitions the inside of the body; and the low pressure chamber and balance chamber. A low pressure balance hole provided in the main valve by communicating with the high pressure chamber and the balance chamber, and a high pressure balance hole provided in the main valve and the low pressure balance hole are opened and closed by electromagnetic force. comprising an auxiliary valve and a spring connecting the auxiliary valve and the main valve,
A switching valve characterized in that the diameter of the high pressure balance hole is smaller than the diameter of the low pressure balance hole.