JPH0134960B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing liquid fertilizer, particularly corn staple liquor (hereinafter referred to as "C・S・L").
This invention relates to a method for producing liquid fertilizer using. In recent years, demand for liquid fertilizers has increased significantly as greenhouse horticulture and cultivation of horticultural crops have become widespread. Many methods for producing liquid fertilizers have been proposed in the past, but most of them are methods for stabilizing inorganic liquid fertilizers, that is, methods for producing liquid fertilizers with excellent liquid stability without crystal precipitation. For example, methods using hydroxypolycarboxylic acids, methods using surfactants, methods using chelating agents, methods using a devised addition order of fertilizer salts, methods using purified wet phosphoric acid, etc. be. In addition, liquid fertilizers made by mixing organic matter such as alcohol fermentation waste liquid with inorganic salts have also been developed. However, liquid fertilizer using only inorganic fertilizer salts is
It causes deterioration of the soil, reduces soil fertility, and does not necessarily bring good results for crop growth. On the other hand, those using organic and inorganic fertilizer salts have good results for improving soil fertility and crop growth, but they tend to cause two-layer separation, and crystals due to fertilizer salts and impurities precipitate, resulting in liquid stability. Not sexual enough. As a result of repeated research into a method for producing a highly stable liquid fertilizer containing organic and inorganic fertilizer salts, the present inventors discovered that cornstarch liquor (hereinafter referred to as "C"), a by-product during the production of corn starch, The inventors discovered that it is possible to produce a stable liquid fertilizer containing organic matter by special treatment of ``S・L''), and based on this knowledge, they completed the present invention as detailed below. It is. That is, the first invention is a process for producing a liquid fertilizer, which comprises decomposing C, S, and L with an alkali, adjusting the decomposed solution to pH 7 or less with a phosphoric acid solution, and then adding and dissolving fertilizer salts. Regarding the method, the second invention relates to a method of further increasing the stability of the liquid by further adding yeast to the first invention. C・S・L used in the present invention is a byproduct of producing corn starch, and is obtained by extracting components that dissolve in weak acidity in corn grains, fermenting them with lactic acid, and then concentrating them. It contains amino acids such as glutamic acid, leucine, alanine, and proline, as well as various vitamins and inorganic components such as phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium, and is rich in nutrients suitable for plant growth. Currently, the components of commercially available C・S・L are approximately 2.8% or more of total nitrogen, 0.9% or more of amino nitrogen, 9 to 11% of lactic acid, and 45 to 50% of water, and are suitable for microbial industrial testing. It is used as a culture medium or dried as feed. The first step of the first invention is to decompose this C.S.L with an alkaline substance. As alkaline substances, caustic soda, caustic potash, aqueous ammonia, soda carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, etc. can all be used, but from the viewpoint of fertilizers, in addition to aqueous ammonia, caustic potash, potassium bicarbonate, etc., which contain nitrogen and potassium, Particularly preferred are alkanolamines such as triethanolamine, diethanolamine, and monoethanolamine. The ratio of alkaline substances used for C・S・L varies depending on the type, but in general, the solution PH
Add so that the value is 8 or more. As the apparatus used, in addition to the usual reaction apparatus with a stirrer, apparatuses having various pulverizing functions such as a colloid mill and a ball mill are effective. The decomposition time varies depending on the type of decomposition device and the decomposition pH, but is approximately 10 to 60 minutes, and the decomposition time can be further shortened by heating. After decomposition, adjust the pH of the solution to 7 or less using phosphoric acid solution. The phosphoric acid liquid is preferably dry phosphoric acid or purified phosphoric acid, and the pH is particularly preferably 6 to 3 from the viewpoint of liquid stability. In particular, PH5 to 3 is effective for preventing two-layer separation phenomenon, and PH5 is especially effective for preventing crystal precipitation.
Around 6 or 2 or less is good. The second step is to add and dissolve fertilizer salts into C・S・L whose pH has been adjusted with phosphoric acid solution after alkaline decomposition in this way. Use ammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate, urea, calcium chloride, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate and other fertilizer salts and trace elements. Regarding the amount of fertilizer salt added, it varies depending on the type of fertilizer salt used, its component content, the amount of alkaline material required for alkaline decomposition, the amount of phosphoric acid required for neutralization, etc. Approximately 10 to 80 parts are added to 100 parts by weight of S.L (hereinafter, "parts by weight" will be referred to as "parts"), and the mixture is thoroughly stirred and dissolved. The addition of the fertilizer salt according to the first invention involves decomposing C.S.L with an alkali and adding the fertilizer salt after neutralizing it with phosphoric acid as described above.
When L is decomposed with an alkali and fertilizer salts are added first and neutralized with phosphoric acid, the solution is unstable and forms precipitates quickly, resulting in poor liquid stability. From this, in the present invention, the timing of adding fertilizer salt is
extremely important. The liquid fertilizer of the first invention thus obtained has excellent liquid stability over a long period of time without causing two-layer separation or precipitation. Next, regarding the manufacturing method of the second invention, the yeast is alkali-decomposed together with C.S.L, and thereby, the manufacturing method of the first invention further improves the liquid stability. be. The yeast used in the second invention includes commonly known yeasts, such as pulp yeast, baker's yeast, beer yeast, feed yeast, and denucleated yeast using these yeasts as raw materials for nucleic acid production. . The yeast used is 100 parts of C.S.L.
Approximately 3 to 20 copies is good. If the amount is less than 3 parts, no significant improvement in the liquid stabilizing effect can be expected, and if it exceeds 20 parts, the viscosity of the liquid will increase and the characteristics as a liquid fertilizer will be lost, which is rather undesirable. After alkali decomposition of C・S・L and yeast, the pH is adjusted with a phosphoric acid solution. Since corn fibrous substances, grain husks, and yeast cell walls may remain, fertilizer salts are not recommended. After the addition, wet pulverization is performed again using a colloid mill or the like, and if necessary, a passing step is also used to obtain a liquid fertilizer of even higher quality. Incidentally, the alkaline decomposition time in the second invention varies depending on the amount of yeast, but is approximately 20 to 120 minutes. The steps of the second invention other than those described above may follow those of the first invention. The liquid fertilizer of the present invention thus obtained is extremely stable, contains organic and inorganic components, and has extremely high fertilizer efficacy. In addition, in addition to the surfactant, chelating agent, fermentation waste liquid and other soluble organic substances of the liquid fertilizer of the present invention,
Furthermore, there is no problem in increasing the liquid stability or adjusting the fertilizer components. Examples of the present invention will be given below and further explained.
The present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, % in the examples is weight % unless otherwise specified.
shows. Example 1 C・S・L (T-N2.9%, T-P ₂ O ₅ 3.2%, T
- K ₂ O 3.0%) 100 parts caustic potash (T-K ₂ O 80.6%)
9 parts were added, and alkaline decomposition was carried out for 1 hour while stirring at 80°C. The pH of this decomposition solution was 9.5. The liquid was neutralized with 6.64 parts of dry phosphoric acid (T- _{P2O5 54} %). The pH of the liquid at this time was 6.5. continue,
Potassium chloride (T- _K2O60 %) 1.64 parts, ammonium nitrate (AN17%, N-N17%) 12.4 parts, ammonium chloride (A-N26%) 3.8 parts, urea (T-
18.4 parts of nitrogen (46%) and 48.12 parts of water were added and thoroughly stirred and dissolved to form a liquid fertilizer. The fertilizer components of the liquid fertilizer are:
T-N8.0%, A-N1.5%, N-N1.0%, T-
The P ₂ O _{5 content} was 3.0%, and the TK ₂ O content was 5.0%. In order to test the liquid stability of the liquid fertilizer, the amount of supernatant liquid produced and the amount of sediment produced were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. (First Invention Example) Also, for comparison, in the 100 copies of C.S.L.
Potassium salt 9.4 parts, ammonium nitrate 12.4 parts,
Monopotassium phosphate (T-K ₂ O 34%, T-P ₂ O ₅ 52
%) 6.88 parts, ammonium chloride 3.8 parts, urea 18.4 parts
Add 49.12 parts of water and stir well to dissolve.
It was made into liquid fertilizer. The liquid fertilizer produces supernatant liquid quickly and in large quantities,
In addition, a large amount of precipitate was generated, resulting in poor liquid stability. (Comparative Example 1) Additionally, to 100 parts of the above C・S・L, 6.64 parts of dry phosphoric acid, 13.34 parts of potassium chloride, 12.4 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3.8 parts of ammonium chloride, and 18.4 parts of urea were added.
Add 45.42 parts of water and stir well to dissolve.
It was made into liquid fertilizer. This liquid fertilizer also had a long liquid phase separation, produced a large amount of sediment, and had poor liquid stability. (Comparative Example 2) Next, 9 parts of caustic potash was separately added to 100 parts of the above C.S.L, and alkaline decomposition was carried out for 1 hour while stirring at 80°C. The pH of this decomposition solution was 9.5. Add 1.64 parts of potassium chloride, 12.4 parts of ammonium nitrate, 3.8 parts of ammonium chloride, and 18.4 parts of urea to the liquid, stir and disperse, neutralize with 6.64 parts of dry phosphoric acid, add 48.12 parts of water, stir thoroughly and dissolve. Used as fertilizer. Compared to the former two, this liquid fertilizer also had a faster two-layer separation phenomenon, produced a larger amount of precipitate, and had poorer liquid stability. Comparative example 3

[Table] (Test method for liquid stability) (1) Amount of supernatant liquid produced Pour liquid fertilizer into a measuring cylinder with a stopper (No. 1) up to the marked line, let it stand for a certain period of time in a thermostat at 30°C, and then calculate the amount of supernatant liquid produced. The volume was measured. (2) Amount of sediment generated Fill a measuring cylinder with a stopper with liquid fertilizer 1 up to the marked line, leave it for a certain period of time in a thermostat at 30℃, and then settle the volume of sediment that does not show fluidity and settles to the bottom of the cylinder. It was defined as the amount of material generated. Example 2 7 parts of caustic soda (T-Na ₂ O 76.7%) was added to 100 parts of the above C.S.L and 6 parts of yeast, and alkaline decomposition was carried out for 1 hour while stirring at 80%. The pH of this decomposition solution was 9.3. The liquid was neutralized with 6.64 parts of dry phosphoric acid. The pH of the liquid at this time was 6.0. continue,
Potassium chloride 13.34 parts, ammonium nitrate 12.4 parts,
3.8 parts of ammonium chloride, 18.4 parts of urea, and 32.42 parts of water were added and thoroughly stirred and dissolved to obtain a liquid fertilizer. When the amount of supernatant liquid produced and the amount of sediment generated from the liquid fertilizer were measured, it was found that over a long period of time, almost no supernatant was formed, that is, almost no liquid phase separation occurred, and no precipitation occurred. Nakatsuta. The results were thus particularly good. (Second Invention Example) A liquid fertilizer is manufactured by the same operation as in the first invention example except for the use of yeast in the above-mentioned second invention example, and the supernatant liquid of the liquid fertilizer is When we measured the amount of production and the amount of precipitate generated, we found that over a long period of time,
Almost no supernatant was formed, that is, almost no liquid phase separation occurred, and very little precipitation occurred. Thus, the results were good. (First Invention Example) These results are shown in Table 2.

【table】

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for producing a liquid fertilizer, which comprises decomposing corn staple liquor with an alkali, adjusting the pH of the decomposed liquid to 7 or less with a phosphoric acid solution, and then adding and dissolving fertilizer salts. 2 After alkaline decomposition of yeast together with cornstarch liquor, the pH of the decomposition liquid is adjusted using phosphoric acid solution.
7 or less, and then adding and dissolving fertilizer salts.