JPH0136376B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dental implant fitting adjustment sheet used for selecting a dental implant and forming a buried portion of the dental implant.

In dental treatment, teeth that have deteriorated due to caries or the like are extracted, and after the tooth extraction, artificial teeth are usually fitted. In this case, the artificial tooth has been attached by means of supporting the artificial tooth on the teeth on both sides or on one side after the tooth has been extracted. However, with this method, artificial teeth are simply supported by leaning against other teeth, and not only is the support extremely unstable, but when chewing food, etc., the artificial teeth do not match normal teeth. I was never able to get a similar feeling.

However, in recent years, methods completely different from the above-mentioned conventional methods have been researched and developed for attaching artificial teeth, and it has become possible to obtain reliable support and a normal occlusal sensation. A means for attaching such an artificial tooth will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Figures 1a to 1c are cross-sectional views of the vicinity of the mandibular molars. In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a mandibular bone that forms the lower jaw, and has an alveolar bone 1a that supports teeth and an upper edge of the alveolar bone 1b that forms the top of the alveolar bone. 2a to 2e are teeth of the lower molar region (2a to 2c of the molar region are referred to as molars, and 2d to 2e are referred to as premolars).
The roots of the teeth 2e to 2e are buried in the alveolar bone 1a and are firmly supported by this. 3 is each tooth 2a-2
This is the gingiva covering the tooth neck and the upper edge of the alveolar bone 1b. 4 is the mandibular canal passing through the mandible 1;
Inside it, the dental nerves from each tooth collectively pass. The dental nerve has the function of transmitting the pressure applied to each tooth to the brain. The mandibular canal 4 is located at a lower position quite far away from the tooth root in areas other than the molar area, but near the molar area, the mandibular canal 4 ascends to the brain, so it is located extremely close to the molar teeth 2a to 2c as shown in the figure. is passing through.

By the way, if the tooth 2b indicated by the dotted line has deteriorated due to caries or the like and is extracted, an extraction socket 5 will remain after the tooth is extracted. However, this tooth extraction socket 5 is filled within several months due to the formation of new alveolar bone 1a. With traditional means,
An artificial tooth was fitted in place of the extracted tooth 2b, and the artificial tooth was supported by the teeth 2a, 2c on both sides, or one of them. However, newly researched and developed methods are completely different. This means will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1b and 1c.

In the new method, first, an artificial hole 6 is formed in the alveolar bone 1a formed in the tooth extraction socket 5 after tooth extraction, as shown in FIG. 1b. Then, an implant material 7 is placed upright in this artificial hole 6. Implant material 7
They are made of a variety of materials that are compatible with living organisms, and in a variety of shapes and sizes. The illustrated implant material is made of artificial sapphire, and is formed into an inverted T-shape by a rod-shaped portion 7a and a protruding portion 7b at its lower part. When the implant material 7 is placed upright in the artificial hole 6, a considerable portion of the tip of the rod-shaped portion 7a protrudes above the upper edge 1b of the alveolar bone. Alveolar bone 1a is newly formed around the implant material 7 erected in this way, the artificial hole 6 is filled over several months, and the implant material 7 is buried in the alveolar bone 1a. This will be firmly supported. In this state, the artificial tooth 8 is attached to the tip of the rod-shaped portion 7a of the implant material 7 protruding from the upper edge 1b of the alveolar bone, as shown in FIG. 1c. The artificial tooth 8 is attached by an appropriate method such as bonding. The gingiva 3 grows and forms at the lower part of the attached artificial tooth 8 in the same way as the neck of other teeth.

Now, the artificial tooth 8 attached by such means is firmly and independently supported by the implant material 7 embedded in the alveolar bone 1a, without depending on the teeth 2a and 2c on both sides thereof. . or,
When chewing food, etc., the pressure is transmitted to the dental nerve via the artificial tooth 8, the implant material 7, and the alveolar bone 1a, so that the same sensation as when chewing normal food can be obtained. Thus, it can be seen that the new means described above is far superior to the conventional means.

By the way, in the case of embedding the implant material 7 using the new method described above, two difficult problems are encountered. The first problem is how to select an appropriate implant material 7, and the second problem is how to select an appropriate implant material 7.
The problem is how to form the artificial hole 6 without any problems. First, the first problem will be explained. The state after a tooth is extracted, as shown in FIG. 1a, is different depending on the extracted tooth.
That is, the condition is completely different depending on the width of the gap between the teeth on both sides of the extracted tooth, the shape of the area below the neck of the teeth on both sides, the presence or absence of inclination, etc. Therefore, it is not always possible to use the illustrated inverted T-shape as the implant material 7, and there are cases where it is not possible to use a material with such a shape at all. Therefore, implant materials are available in a variety of different shapes and sizes, and it is necessary to select and use the implant material most suitable for the condition after tooth extraction from among these implant materials. For example, if the gap on both sides after tooth extraction is narrow, a simple rod-shaped implant material should be selected, and if the gap is extremely wide, an implant material with two long overhangs above and below the rod-shaped part should be selected. It is better to select an implant material to ensure solid support by the alveolar bone.
However, when selecting an implant material, it is not possible to see from the outside what the state will be like after tooth extraction, so it is necessary to use X-ray photographs as clues to estimate the approximate shape and dimensions. It was extremely difficult to select the implant material with the most suitable shape and size.

Next, the second problem will be explained. Figure 1b
When forming the artificial hole 6 shown in FIG. 1, the most important thing to be careful about is damage to the mandibular canal 4. If the mandibular canal 4 is damaged, the sensation of chewing food etc. cannot be restored, causing immeasurable pain not only physically but also mentally to the patient. Therefore, when forming the artificial hole 6, accidents that cause damage to the mandibular canal 4 must be strictly avoided. By the way, the position of the mandibular canal 4 is naturally not visible from the outside, so in order to form the artificial hole 6 without damaging the mandibular canal 4, the hole must be excavated little by little with extreme caution. For the practitioner, the creation of the artificial hole 6 has always been a difficult task with the risk of damaging the mandibular canal 4.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, to easily select an appropriate implant material, and to make it possible to embed this implant material. To provide a fitting adjustment sheet for a dental buried member, which allows an artificial hole to be easily formed without any trouble.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a method in which a thin, compatible test specimen with approximately the same cross-sectional shape and dimensions as a dental implant is attached to a sheet made of an X-ray transparent material by an appropriate means using an X-ray opaque material. It is characterized by This suitability adjustment sheet is used in combination with an X-ray film package during X-ray photography for forming an artificial hole after tooth extraction.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a compatibility adjustment sheet for an implant material according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10 is a transparent synthetic resin sheet that transmits X-rays, and is thinly formed. 11 is a compatible test piece embedded in the synthetic resin sheet 10,
It is made of a thin piece of wire-opaque material. Compatible specimen 1
1 is formed to have the same cross-sectional shape and dimensions as the aforementioned implant material. Implant materials are prepared in a large number of different shapes and sizes for the reasons mentioned above, so the matching specimens 11 (therefore, the matching adjustment sheet) are also prepared in the same number of shapes and sizes as there are. It is desirable to create one. The compatible specimen 11 shown in FIG. 2 is a compatible specimen corresponding to the implant material 7 shown in FIGS. 1b and 1c.

A method of using this adaptation sheet will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the X-ray film package, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a portion of the lower jaw. In Figure 3, 12
1 is an opaque package, and 13 is an X-ray film (indicated by a broken line) housed in the package 12.
The package 12 is made of a synthetic resin sheet that transmits X-rays but blocks visible light, and seals the X-ray film 13 to prevent the X-ray film 13 from being sensitized by visible light. Can only be exposed to light. Since such an X-ray film package is well known, a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 4, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 are given the same reference numerals. 1
4 indicates the cheek.

In preparation for embedding the implant material, X-ray photography is first performed.In that case, first, the suitability adjustment sheet shown in Fig. 2 and the X-ray film package shown in Fig. 3 are combined, and these are placed in the fourth As shown in the figure, it is placed in contact with the tooth extraction site in the oral cavity. In this case, the conformity adjustment sheet is placed on the tooth extraction site side, and the X-ray film package is placed on the tongue side. Next, when X-rays are irradiated from the outside of the cheek 14 as shown by the arrow X, an X-ray image is obtained on the X-ray film 13.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the X-ray image. An X-ray image obtained by the method shown in FIG. 4 becomes an image as shown in FIG. This X-ray image shows teeth 2a, 2c,
In addition to 2d and 2e, the alveolar bone 1a, the upper edge of the alveolar bone 1b, and the mandibular canal 4, a compatible specimen 11 is photographed. The positional relationships among these teeth, the alveolar bone 1a, the upper edge of the alveolar bone 1b, the mandibular canal 4, and the compatible specimen 11 are the same as the actual positional relationships, and these dimensions are proportional to the actual dimensions. . Therefore, when selecting an implant material, select several types or one type of implant material with the shape and size that are considered appropriate, and use the corresponding compatibility adjustment sheet to make the fifth implant material.
By taking an X-ray image like the one shown in the figure, it is possible to determine which of the several selected implant materials is the best implant material, or whether one selected implant material is appropriate.
can be immediately determined. Also, compatible specimen 1
1, it is possible to know the rough outline of the actual length from the upper edge of the alveolar bone 1b to the mandibular canal 4, and when forming the artificial hole 6, it is necessary to be careful only when it is close to the mandibular canal 4. The artificial hole 6 can be formed extremely easily and quickly by performing the work with due care.

In addition, in the above example, an example was shown in which the compatibility adjustment sheet is constructed by embedding a compatible specimen in a transparent synthetic resin sheet, but the configuration is not limited to this. The conformity adjustment sheet can also be constructed by pasting or printing an X-ray opaque material. Furthermore, as the compatible test piece, not only lead but also thin pieces of copper, iron, etc. can be used. Furthermore, instead of the transparent synthetic resin sheet, a sheet made of other suitable material can also be used.

As described above, in the present invention, a compatible specimen with approximately the same cross-sectional shape and dimensions as the implant material is formed from an X-ray opaque material, and this is attached to a sheet made of an X-ray transparent material. The implant material can be easily selected, and the artificial hole can be easily selected.
It can be easily and quickly formed without damaging the mandibular canal.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 a, b, and c are cross-sectional views of the vicinity of the mandibular molars;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a conformity adjustment sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a plan view of an X-ray film package,
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the lower jaw, and FIG. 5 is a plan view of an X-ray image. 1a... Alveolar bone, 2a to 2e... Teeth, 4... Mandibular canal, 6... Artificial hole, 7... Implant material, 8
...Artificial tooth, 10...Synthetic resin sheet, 11...
Compatible specimen.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A thin compatible specimen made of an X-ray opaque material formed to have a cross-sectional shape and dimensions that are almost the same as those of the dental implant, and an X-ray beam provided on this compatible specimen. 1. A compatibility adjustment sheet for a dental buried component, comprising a sheet made of a transparent material. 2. The fitting adjustment sheet for a dental embedded member according to claim 1, wherein the fitting test piece is embedded in the sheet. 3. The compatibility adjustment sheet for a dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the compatibility test piece is printed on the sheet. 4. The compatibility adjustment sheet for a dental buried component according to claim 1, wherein the compatibility test piece is affixed to the sheet.