JPH0137703B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for detecting the capacity of an automotive storage battery.

If you can know the current capacity of the storage battery (hereinafter referred to as battery) while driving a car,
The driver will be able to take prompt measures depending on the situation, such as cutting off the electrical load to the extent that it does not interfere with driving if a reduction in capacity is detected, thereby preventing road failures due to battery build-up, etc. can be prevented. Furthermore, by knowing the capacity reduction due to deterioration, it is possible to predict to some extent when to perform maintenance on the battery.

However, in order to accurately determine the capacity of a battery, it is necessary to completely discharge the battery. Therefore, the battery capacity must be detected on-board, or constantly monitored while driving, and the results can be communicated to the driver. No such method or apparatus has hitherto existed.

As a method for detecting an abnormality in a vehicle battery, methods such as detecting the specific gravity and liquid level of battery liquid have been conventionally used, but this type of method has the following problems.

In other words, (a) the response of the specific gravity of the battery fluid to the battery capacity is extremely poor not only at large currents, but also when a current comparable to the charging/discharging current in normal usage conditions is flowing, and the Then, a certain relationship does not hold between capacity and specific gravity, (b)
In practice, since the specific gravity and liquid level of only one battery cell are detected, it is not possible to detect specific failure modes such as the short of the electrode plate in other cells. (d) Errors may occur due to fluid replacement; and (e) It is difficult to obtain an electrical analog signal as a detection result.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a capacity detection method that can accurately detect the capacity of an automobile battery even during driving.

A feature of the present invention that achieves the above-mentioned object is to detect battery discharge currents at a plurality of points in time showing different values during large current discharge and battery terminal voltages at the time of each discharge current outflow, and to detect the detected currents and voltages. The internal resistance and dead short current of the battery in question are calculated from the values, and the calculated internal resistance and dead short current are calculated using a function that expresses the correlation between the capacity, internal resistance, and dead short current of the battery, which has been experimentally determined in advance. The purpose is to calculate the capacity of the battery from.

The theoretical basis of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

Generally, there is a relationship as shown in FIG. 1 between the terminal voltage V _B of the battery during discharge and the discharge current I _B. In the figure, the horizontal axis is the discharge current I _B , the vertical axis is the terminal voltage V _B , and the solid line a is the discharge characteristic (V _B - I _B characteristic)
are shown respectively. In a large current discharge area such as when driving the starter (during cranking),
This V _B − I _B characteristic can be approximated almost by a straight line, and therefore the terminal voltage when the discharge current is I ₁ is
V ₁ and the terminal voltage when the discharge current is I ₂ is V ₂ , then
The internal resistance r of the battery is determined from the slope of the above straight line. That is, it is expressed by the following equation.

r=V ₂ −V ₁ /I ₁ −I ₂ ……(1) Also, the electromotive force E _O of the battery can be found from the value obtained by extrapolating the straight line section of Fig. 1 to I _B = 0,
Therefore, it is expressed by the following equation.

E _O =V ₁ +I ₁ (V ₂ -V ₁ )/I ₁ -I ₂ ...(2) Furthermore, when the battery is short-circuited, the depletion current I _S changes along the straight line section in Figure 1 up to V _B = 0. This is an extrapolated value, which can also be obtained from equations (1) and (2) as shown in the following equation.

I _S =E _O /r=I ₁ V ₂ −V ₁ I ₂ /V ₂ −V ₁ ...(3) The battery discharge current I _B and the terminal voltage V _B during cranking are not constant, and the second As shown in the figure,
It varies greatly depending on the rotation angle of the crankshaft. In the figure, A indicates the terminal voltage V _B and B indicates the waveform of the discharge current I _B. If the discharge current when starting the starter is the starting current, this starting current is indicated by I ₁ in Fig. 2. and the terminal voltage at that time is V ₁
It is expressed as Also, calculate the minimum current during the crankshaft rotation of 180° from the point when this starting current I ₁ flows.
I ₂ and the terminal voltage at this time is V ₂ , then the internal resistance r of the battery and the dead shot current I _S can be found from the above-mentioned equations (1) and (3). In addition,
As mentioned above, the minimum current while the crankshaft rotates 180 degrees is obtained when the engine is a 4-cylinder engine.
In the case of 6 cylinders, the minimum current will be obtained while the crankshaft rotates 120 degrees. Further, this angle is different for other numbers of cylinders.

In this way, the present invention actively utilizes the fluctuations in current and voltage during cranking to increase the starting current I ₁ which is the maximum current during cranking, and the battery terminal voltage V ₁ when I ₁ flows. , the crankshaft is at an angle that is uniquely determined from the number of cylinders from startup, for example 4
By measuring the minimum current I ₂ while the cylinder rotates 180° and the terminal voltage V ₂ at this time, we can determine the discharge currents of different values during large current discharge and the terminals at the time of each discharge current outflow. Measure the voltage and use it to determine the battery's internal resistance r and depleted short current.
It attempts to find _IS . Note that the number of measurement points for the discharge current and terminal voltage is not limited to two, but may be any number of points.

Now, there are certain relationships between the battery capacity and internal resistance r, and between the capacity and the dead short current I _S , and from these relationships, we can further determine that the capacitance, internal resistance r, and dead short current I _S By quantifying the multiple correlation of , and finding the regression plane equation of the capacitance with respect to the dead shot current I _S and the internal resistance r, the following equation is obtained.

Capacity = A _r + BI _S + C (4) However, A, B, and C are constants determined by the type of battery, and are hardly affected by the battery liquid temperature and battery liquid level.

Discharge current I ₁ and I ₂ during cranking, terminal voltage
The formula for calculating battery capacity from V ₁ and V ₂ is:
It is expressed by the following equation obtained by substituting equations (1) and (3) into equation (4) above.

Capacity=A( _V2 - _V1 / _I1 - _I2 )+ _B ( _{I1V2 - V1I2} / _V2 - _V1
)+C...(5) Figure 3 shows the true battery capacity compared with the experimental results of cranking the battery set to the specified capacity in the vehicle and detecting the battery capacity using equation (5). It is a diagram. In the figure, the horizontal axis shows the calculated capacity, and the vertical axis shows the true capacity. The scales of the horizontal and vertical axes are the same, so
A solid line b indicates a point where the calculated capacity matches the true capacity. Furthermore, the range between broken lines c and d represents the allowable error range. During the experiment, batteries were tested for liquid levels at the upper limit display line level (F level), lower limit display line level (L level), and liquid temperatures at +15°C, 0°C, and -15°C. As is clear from FIG. 3, according to the present invention, the liquid level,
Capacity can be detected with high accuracy without correction of liquid temperature.

Next, the present invention will be explained by examples.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing FIG. 4 in more detail. In FIG. 4, 10 generates an output voltage e ₁ corresponding to the cranking current I _B
I _B detection circuit, 12 is a V _B detection circuit that generates an output voltage e ₂ corresponding to the battery terminal voltage V _B , 14 is an output voltage corresponding to the starting current at the start of cranking.
Consists of a peak hold circuit to detect e ₁
I ₁ detection circuit, 16 is a V 1 detection circuit consisting of a peak hold circuit for detecting the output voltage _{e 2 corresponding} to battery terminal voltage V 1 when starting current I ₁ flows, 18 is a V ₁ detection circuit that detects when the crankshaft is I ₂ detection circuit consisting of a peak hold circuit for detecting the output voltage e ₁ corresponding to the minimum current I ₂ during a rotation of 180°, 2
0 is the battery terminal voltage V ₂ when the minimum current I ₂ flows
₂₂ is an A/D detection circuit consisting of a peak hold circuit for detecting the output voltage e ₂ corresponding to
Converter, 24 is an arithmetic circuit consisting of a microcomputer programmed to calculate the above-mentioned formula (5), 26 is a D/A converter, and 28 is a battery charging/discharging current due to engine operation. 30 is a battery capacity during cranking calculated by the arithmetic circuit 24 and the calculation circuit 2.
8 is an addition circuit that adds the cumulative charge/discharge current value during engine operation, 32 is a monitor mechanism that displays battery capacity, and 34 is a detection circuit 14, 16, 1.
8 and 20 respectively represent a control signal generation circuit that generates control signals for the arithmetic circuit 24 and the charge/discharge amount calculation circuit 28.

The configuration and operation of each circuit will be explained in detail below using FIG. 5.

The battery 40 is connected to a starter 42 via a starter cable 41 and an ignition switch 46 via a fusible link 44.
It is connected to the. Ignition switch 46
is equipped with an ignition terminal (IG terminal) 46a and a starter terminal (ST terminal) 46b, and during cranking, the IG terminal 46a is first turned on, and then the ST terminal 46b is turned on. As a result, current flows through the excitation coil 48a of the starter relay 48, turning on the contact 48b, driving the magnet switch 42a of the starter 42, and supplying the cranking current from the battery 40 to the starter 42.
I _B flows and the engine starts rotating. The cranking current I _B at this time is the battery 40 and starter 4
If the wiring resistance r _S between the two is known, it can be determined by the following equation by knowing the difference between the battery terminal voltage V _B and the starter terminal voltage V _S.

I _B =V _B −V _S /r _S ...(6) Operational amplifier 50 and resistors R ₁ , R ₂ ,
A differential amplifier circuit consisting of R ₃ and R ₄ constitutes an I _B detection circuit 10 for detecting this cranking current I _B , and its output voltage e ₁ is expressed as R ₁ = R ₂ , R ₃ =
If R is ₄ , it will be a value corresponding to cranking current I _B as expressed by the following equation.

e ₁ = R ₄ (V _B - V _S ) / R ₁ = R ₄ · r _S / R ₁ · I _B ... (7) Operational amplifier 52 and resistor R ₁₉ ,
The non-inverting amplifier circuit composed of R ₂₀ constitutes the V _B detection circuit 12 that detects the battery terminal voltage V _B , and its output voltage e ₂ corresponds to the battery terminal voltage V _B as expressed by the following equation. value.

e ₂ = R ₁₉ + R ₂₀ / R ₁₉ · V _B ... (8) The circuit consisting of transistor T _r5 , capacitors C ₆ , C ₇ , diode D ₇ , resistors R ₂₉ , R ₃₀ , and R ₃₁ generates a control signal. In circuit 34, I ₁ detection circuit 14 and
This is a part that forms a control signal for the _V1 detection circuit 16. IG terminal 4 of ignition switch 46
When 6a turns on, the transistor
Since the base current of T _r5 does not flow, this transistor T _r5 is off, so current flows from the IG terminal 46a to the resistor R ₃₀ and the capacitor C ₆ , and the resistor R ₃₁
Positive differential pulses are generated on both sides of . however
Let R ₃₀ ≪ R ₃₁ .

Next, when the ST terminal 46b of the ignition switch 46 is turned on, a base current flows through the transistor T _r5 via the resistor R ₂₉ and the transistor T _r5 is turned on. Next, when cranking is finished and the ST terminal 46b is turned off, the base current of the transistor T _r5 is cut off, this transistor T _r5 is turned off, and the resistor is connected from the IG terminal 46a.
Current flows through R ₃₀ and capacitor C ₆ , and a positive differential pulse is generated across resistor R ₃₁ . In this way, the positive differential pulses formed at the rise of the ignition voltage (IG voltage) and the fall of the starter voltage (ST voltage) are applied as control signals to the I ₁ detection circuit 14 and the V ₁ detection circuit 16. It will be done. Note that capacitor _C7 is for preventing malfunction due to noise.

Operational amplifier 54, diode D ₁ ,
Transistor T _r1 , field effect transistor (FET) F ₁ , F ₂ , F ₃ , capacitor C ₁ , resistor R ₅ ,
The peak hold circuit composed of R ₆ , R ₇ , and R ₈ constitutes an I ₁ detection circuit 14 that detects the starting current I ₁ immediately after cranking. The aforementioned differential pulse from the control signal generation circuit 34 is generated by the field effect transistor _F2.
is applied to the gate of transistor T _r1
A base current flows through resistor _R5 to turn on this transistor T _r1 . This makes the resistance R ₆
Since the collector current flows through F1, the gate voltage of the field effect transistor _F1 becomes zero potential. As a result, the output of the operational amplifier 54 becomes open, and at the same time, the capacitor _C1 is discharged. The resistor _R7 is provided to open the output of the operational amplifier 54 before the discharge of the capacitor _C1 . In this state, the ST terminal 46b of the ignition switch 46
turns on and cranking current I _B flows,
The output voltage e ₁ of the operational amplifier 50 of the I _B detection circuit 10 rises, the capacitor C ₁ is charged by the allowable output current I _MAX of the operational amplifier 54, and there is a time delay if the slew rate of the operational amplifier 54 is ignored. Without it, e ₁ = e ₃ . Here, e ₃ is the output voltage of the operational amplifier 54. Even if the cranking current I _B starts to decrease after starting, in the state where e ₁ < e ₃ ,
Since the input stage of the operational amplifier 54 is not conducting, the capacitor C ₁ holds the maximum voltage, which applies a voltage to the gate of the field effect transistor F ₃ . As a result, a drain current flows through the field effect transistor F ₃ via the resistor R ₈ , and an output voltage corresponding to the starting current I ₁ is obtained from the I ₁ detection circuit 14 .

Operational amplifier 56, diode _D5 ,
Transistor T _r3 , field effect transistor F ₇ ,
F ₈ , F ₉ , capacitor C ₃ , resistor R ₂₁ , R ₂₂ , R ₂₃ ,
The peak hold circuit consisting of R ₂₄ has a starting current I ₁
A V ₁ detection circuit 16 is configured to detect the battery terminal voltage V ₁ when V 1 flows. The above-mentioned differential pulse from the control signal generating circuit 34 is applied to the gate of the field effect transistor _F8 , and at the same time causes a base current to flow through the transistor _Tr3 through the resistor _R21 , turning on this transistor _Tr3 , and turning on the resistor Tr3.
A collector current flows through R ₂₂ to bring the gate voltage of the field effect transistor F ₇ to zero potential. This opens the output of the operational amplifier 56, and at the same time, the drain current of the field effect transistor _F8 via the resistor _R23 causes the capacitor _{C3 to}
is charged. Note that this resistor _R23 is provided to open the output of the operational amplifier 56 before the capacitor _C3 is charged. In this state, turn off the ignition switch 46.
When the ST terminal turns on and cranking current I _B flows, the battery terminal voltage V _B decreases and
Operational amplifier 52 of V ₁ detection circuit 16
The output voltage e ₂ of the operational amplifier 56 also decreases, and the capacitor C ₃ is discharged by the allowable output current I _MAX of the operational amplifier 56.
If you ignore the slew rate of e ₂ without time delay
= e ₄ . Here, e ₄ is the output voltage of the operational amplifier 56. Even if the battery terminal voltage V _B starts to rise after startup has finished, the input stage of the operational amplifier 56 will not conduct in a state where e ₂ > e ₄ , so the capacitor C ₃ will connect the lowest voltage to the field effect transistor F ₉ . A voltage is applied to the gate. This causes a drain current to flow through the field effect transistor _F9 through the resistor _R24 , and the starting current
An output voltage corresponding to the battery terminal voltage V ₁ when I ₁ flows is obtained from this V ₁ detection circuit 16.

Operational amplifiers 58, 60, diodes D ₃ , D ₄ , capacitor C ₅ , resistors R ₁₃ , R ₁₄ , R ₁₅ ,
The circuit composed of R ₁₆ , R ₁₇ , and R ₁₈ is a part of the control signal generation circuit 34 that forms control signals for the I ₂ detection circuit 18 and the V ₂ detection circuit 20. Considering the period from when the ST terminal 46 of the ignition switch 46 is turned on until the starting current I ₁ is held at its peak, the output voltage e ₁ of the operational amplifier 50 of the I _B detection circuit 10 and the I ₁ detection circuit 14
There is a relationship e ₁ = e ₃ with the output voltage e ₃ of the operational amplifier 54 (gate voltage of the field effect transistor F ₃ ), and due to the circuit configuration, the output voltage e ₅ of the operational amplifier 58 is R ₁₃ = _R14 ,
If R ₁₅ = R ₁₆ , it is expressed as the following formula, so e ₅
=0.

e ₅ = R ₁₅ (e ₁ − e ₃ )/R ₁₃ (9) When the starting current I ₁ is held at its peak, the output voltage e ₃ of the operational amplifier 54 becomes a constant value, and the cranking current Since I _B starts to decrease, the output voltage e ₁ of the operational amplifier 50
decreases. That is, in this case, the output voltage e ₅ of the operational amplifier 58 becomes e ₅ <0, and the output voltage e ₆ of the zero crossing detection circuit mainly composed of the operational amplifier 60 saturates to the positive side. And at the rise of this output voltage e ₆ , capacitor C ₅
A current flows through the resistor R18, and a positive differential pulse is generated across the resistor _R18 . The positive differential pulse formed at the moment when the starting current I ₁ is detected in this way is applied to the I ₂ detection circuit 18 and the V ₂ detection circuit 20 as a control signal. Operational amplifier 62, diode D ₂ , transistor T _r2 , field effect transistors F ₄ , F ₅ , F ₆ , capacitor C ₂ , resistor R ₉ ,
The peak hold circuit consisting of R ₁₀ , R ₁₁ and R ₁₂ is
It constitutes an I ₂ detection circuit 18 that detects the minimum current I ₂ from startup until the crankshaft rotates 180 degrees. The above-mentioned differential pulse from the control signal generation circuit 34 is applied to the gate of the field effect transistor _F5 , and at the same time, a base current is caused to flow through the transistor _Tr2 through the resistor _R9 to turn on this transistor _Tr2 , and the resistor R A collector current flows through _{F 10} to bring the gate voltage of field effect transistor F ₄ to zero potential. As a result, the output of the operational amplifier 62 becomes open, and at the same time, the capacitor _C2 is charged by the drain current of the field effect transistor _F5 via the resistor _R11 . Note that this resistance
_R11 is provided to open the output of the operational amplifier 62 before charging the capacitor _C2 . In this state, cranking current
When I _B starts to decrease, the output voltage e ₁ of the operational amplifier 50 of the I _B detection circuit 10 decreases, the capacitor C ₂ is discharged by the allowable output current I _MAX of the operational amplifier 62, and the operational amplifier 62 If the slew rate of is ignored, e ₁ = e ₇ without any time delay. Here, e ₇ is the output voltage of the operational amplifier 62.
Even if the crankshaft rotation angle exceeds a certain angle and the cranking current I _B begins to increase, the input stage of the operational amplifier 62 will not conduct when e ₁ > e ₇ , so the capacitor C ₂ will maintain the minimum voltage. death,
A voltage is applied to the gate of field effect transistor _F6 . This makes the field effect transistor _F6
The drain current flows through the resistor _R12 , and the minimum current _I2 after startup until the crankshaft rotates 180° is
An output voltage corresponding to is obtained from this I ₂ detection circuit 18.

Operational amplifier 64, diode D ₆ ,
Transistor T _r4 , field effect transistor F ₁₀ ,
F ₁₁ , F ₁₂ , capacitor C ₄ , resistor R ₂₅ , R ₂₆ , R ₂₇ ,
The peak hold circuit consisting of R ₂₈ has a minimum current I ₂
A V ₂ detection circuit 20 is configured to detect the battery terminal voltage V ₂ when V 2 flows. The aforementioned differential pulse from the control signal generation circuit 34 is applied to the gate of the field effect transistor _F11 , and
The transistor T _r4 turns on this transistor T _r4 by passing the base current through the resistor R ₂₅ , and the resistor
A collector current is caused to flow through _R26 to bring the gate voltage of the field effect transistor _F10 to zero potential. As a result, the output of the operational amplifier 64 becomes open, and at the same time, the capacitor _C4 is discharged. The resistor _R27 is provided to open the output of the operational amplifier 64 before the discharge of the capacitor _C4 . When the battery terminal voltage V _B starts to rise in this state, the output voltage e ₂ of the operational amplifier 52 of the V _B detection circuit 12 rises, and the capacitor C ₄ is charged by the allowable output current I _MAX of the operational amplifier 64. , if the slew rate of this operational amplifier 64 is ignored, e ₂ =e ₈ without any time delay. Here, e ₈ is the output voltage of the operational amplifier 64. Even if the rotation angle of the crankshaft exceeds a certain angle and _the battery terminal voltage V _B begins to decrease, the operational amplifier ₆
Since the input stage of 4 is not conducting, the capacitor C ₄ holds the lowest voltage and a voltage is applied to the gate of the field effect transistor F ₁₂ . As a result, a drain current flows through the field effect transistor _F12 via _{the resistor R28, and the output voltage corresponding to the battery terminal voltage V2 when the} minimum current I2 flows is this _V2 detection circuit 2.
It will be obtained from 0.

Starting current I ₁ obtained from each detection circuit 14, 16, 18, 20, battery terminal voltage V ₁ at that time,
The output voltages corresponding to the minimum current I ₂ and the battery terminal voltage V ₂ at that time are applied to the A/D converter 22, converted into a digital signal of predetermined bits, and sent to the arithmetic circuit 24.

The arithmetic circuit 24 is constituted by a well-known microcomputer including a microprocessor, memory, etc., and an arithmetic processing routine for performing the arithmetic operation of the above-mentioned equation (5) is programmed in the memory. When a control signal is sent to the control signal generating circuit 34 via the line 66, this microcomputer executes the above-described arithmetic processing routine. That is, first, input data from the A/D converter 22 is read, and then these input data are used to perform the
The calculation of equation (5) is performed, and the calculation result regarding the obtained battery capacity is output to the D/A converter 26 and stored in a predetermined area of the memory. The calculation result regarding this battery capacity is sent to the ignition switch 46.
Retained in memory until turned off. The D/A converter 26 converts the above-mentioned calculation result expressed as a digital signal into an analog voltage signal.

For example, a rotation angle sensor 68 composed of a rotating disk 68a that rotates in synchronization with the crankshaft and a magnetic detection coil 68b, an ignition signal generation circuit 70, a diode _D3 , constant voltage diodes _D9 , _D10 , a resistor _R33 ,
The circuit composed of R ₃₄ and the AND gate 72 is
This is a portion of the control signal generation circuit 34 described above that forms a control signal for the arithmetic circuit 24. As is well known, the ignition signal generating circuit 70 generates an ignition signal every time the crankshaft rotates 180 degrees in a four-cylinder engine. A pulse is generated when the starting current I ₁ is held at its peak and the output voltage e ₆ of the operational amplifier 60 is saturated to the positive side and the first ignition signal is generated (that is, when the crankshaft rotates approximately 180 degrees). However, by sending this pulse as a control signal to the arithmetic circuit 24, the above-mentioned arithmetic processing routine is started to be executed.

Operational amplifier 74, resistors _R35 , _R36 ,
Field effect transistors F ₁₄ , F ₁₅ , capacitors C ₈ ,
_C9 constitutes the aforementioned charging/discharging electricity quantity calculation circuit 28 that integrates the charging/discharging current during running. Gate voltages are applied to the field effect transistors F ₁₃ and F ₁₄ by differential pulses applied from the control signal generation circuit 34 at the rise of the IG voltage and the fall of the ST voltage, so these field effect transistors are rendered conductive. Then, capacitors C ₈ and C ₉ are discharged. When the engine starts and starts running, the battery 40 is repeatedly charged and discharged, but the resistance R _f of the fusible link 44 is known, and this fusible link 44 on the ignition switch 46 side If the terminal voltage of is _Vf , the above charging/discharging current is given by the following equation.

V _f −V _B /R _f ...(10) Here, if the result of equation (10) is positive, it means charging, and if it is negative, it means discharging.

Since both input terminals of the operational amplifier 74 are connected to both terminals of the fusible link 44 via resistors R ₃₅ and R ₃₆ , respectively, the output voltage e ₉ of the operational amplifier 74 is
If R ₃₅ = R ₃₆ and C ₈ = C ₉ , it is expressed by the following formula.

e ₉ = 1/R ₃₅・C ₈・∫(V _f −V _B ) dt ……(11) In other words, the output voltage e ₉ corresponding to the integrated value of the charging and discharging current of the battery 40 is calculated as the amount of electricity for charging and discharging. circuit 2
It will be obtained from 8.

Operational amplifier 76, resistors _R37 , _R38 ,
_R39 constitutes an adder circuit 30 for constantly detecting the battery capacity during engine operation, and the D/A
The battery capacity calculation value during cranking obtained from the converter 26 and the integrated value of charging/discharging current during engine operation obtained from the calculation circuit 28 are added. Therefore, the output voltage of this adder circuit 76 represents the current capacity of the battery 40,
Capacity monitor mechanism 32 composed of, for example, a voltmeter, etc.
It is displayed by.

The field effect transistors used in the circuit shown in FIG. 5 are all enhancement type, and the operational amplifiers 54, 56, 6
2, 64, 74, and 76 have input stages of field effect transistors.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the current and voltage at startup and the minimum current and voltage at that time while the crankshaft rotates 180 degrees from startup are measured, but the method of the present invention measures the current and voltage at startup, but the method of the present invention measures You can focus on the maximum and minimum values of the pulsating current and voltage waveforms during ranking, or any values that are different from each other, or the maximum value of the current and voltage waveforms that fluctuate during large current discharges other than during cranking. , the minimum position, or arbitrary values that are different from each other.

As explained in detail above, the method of the present invention detects the battery discharge currents at multiple points in time showing different values during large current discharge and the battery terminal voltage when the discharge currents flow out, and calculates these detected currents and Calculate the internal resistance of the battery and the dead short current at the time of short circuit from the voltage value, and substitute the internal resistance and dead short current calculated above into the equation representing the relationship between the battery capacity, internal resistance, and dead short current, which was determined experimentally in advance. Since the battery capacity is determined in this manner, the battery capacity can be accurately detected purely electrically without the need to attach any sensors to the battery itself. In addition, since the current battery capacity can be known at all times, extremely beneficial effects can be obtained, such as preventing battery build-up and predicting maintenance timing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between discharge current and battery terminal voltage, Figure 2 is a waveform diagram of battery discharge current and terminal voltage during cranking, and Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the battery's true capacity and battery terminal voltage. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing the embodiment of FIG. 4 in more detail. 10...I _B detection circuit, 12...V _B detection circuit, 1
4...I ₁ detection circuit, 16...V ₁ detection circuit, 18...
...I ₂ detection circuit, 20...V ₂ detection circuit, 22...
A/D converter, 24... Arithmetic circuit, 26... D/
A converter, 28... Charge/discharge electricity amount calculation circuit, 30
... Addition circuit, 32 ... Battery capacity monitoring mechanism, 40 ... Battery, 42 ... Starter, 46
...Ignition switch.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Detect the storage battery discharge current at multiple points in time showing different values during large current discharge and the storage battery terminal voltage at the time of each discharge current outflow, and calculate the internal resistance of the storage battery at the time of short circuit from the detected current and voltage values. The method is characterized in that the capacity of the storage battery is calculated from the calculated internal resistance and the discharge current using a function that expresses the correlation between the capacity of the storage battery, the internal resistance, and the discharge current, which has been experimentally determined in advance. A method for detecting the capacity of an automobile storage battery.