JPH0138478Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] This invention relates to a tile holder for holding tiles on a cart (kiln car) etc. when drying and firing white tiles. This invention relates to a vertical tile holder that is held upright in a nearly vertical position.

(Background Art) The conventional vertical tile holder is as shown in Fig. 1.
The horizontal beams 2 are stretched and fixed between two parallel frame members 1, 1, and the upper support parts 3 are fixed to the frame members 2 at a predetermined interval. At intermediate positions between adjacent upper support parts 3, 3 and at both ends of the frame member 2 in the longitudinal direction, short rod-shaped lower end support parts 4, 4...
are fixed symmetrically.

The tile 5 is oriented vertically, its lower end front edge is stopped and supported in front of the lower end supports 4, 4, and the upper back surface is leaned against the upper support 3, so that it is held in a nearly vertical posture.

However, although it was normal at first,
As shown in FIG. 2, the tile 5 that has undergone the firing process has a distortion in which the concave curved surface on the tail side becomes shallower as indicated by the dotted line a, and the concave curved surface on the head side becomes relatively deeper as indicated by the dotted line b. This often resulted in defective products. If a roof is covered with this defective tile 5, a gap will be created in the overlapping part of the tiles (overlapping part of the bottom and top), causing rain leakage.

By the way, the causes of the above-mentioned defective products can be roughly divided into two types.
It was thought as expected.

The first is that because white roof tiles are press-formed from a flat plate of rough ground, they have residual stress inside them, and it is estimated that this residual stress, together with shrinkage during the drying and firing process, changes the curvature of the valley. It is.

Second, as shown in Figure 1, the tiles are held leaning against the bottom with the bottom down and the head up, but during the firing process, the horizontal bars 2... are extended and the distance between the left and right lower end support parts 4, 4 is increased. While the tile 5 expands considerably, the tile 5 contracts in the firing process and the curvature of the valley tends to become smaller due to the action of residual stress.As a synergistic effect, the concave curved surface of the tile 5 becomes shallower at the bottom. It is estimated that this causes a distortion in which the concave surface of the head becomes relatively deeper.

In this regard, the vertical tile holder according to Utility Model Application No. 55-111627 has the lower end support part of the tile as a single protrusion located approximately in the center between the frame members, so the above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated. did.

However, since the lower end support part, which is a protrusion, is configured to contact and support the tile in the form of small dotted lines, dotted traces are likely to be left on the still soft white tile. Moreover, the tile is likely to be bent around the support by the lower end support. In particular, recently there has been a shortage of high-quality clay, and there are many white tiles with poor tenacity, tensile strength, and yield strength, so there is a high risk that the lower end support part will crack or the tile as a whole may bend.

Next, the vertical tile holder described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 55-83692 also has a structure in which the lower end support portion of the tile is provided as a single protrusion in the center. However, since the upper support part of the tile is arranged in the same row as the frame member, not one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the frame member, only one tile can be placed on one side of one lower end support part and one upper support part. It had the disadvantage that it could not be propped up, and therefore it was impossible to hold a large number of tiles efficiently in as small a pitch as possible.

(Purpose of the invention) Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to prevent normal white tiles from becoming defective products due to distortion in the curvature of the valley during the firing process, and to reduce the pitch of vertical tiles as small as possible. To provide a vertical tile holder that can hold a large number of tiles upright with high density and efficiency, and has an improved structure that prevents the tiles from being damaged, cracked, or bent by the lower end support part. be.

(Disclosure of the invention, operation and effect) In order to achieve the above object, the vertical tile holder of this invention has the lower end support part of the tile located approximately in the center between the frame members arranged substantially parallel to each other, and the upper end support part of the tile A part is a protrusion formed at a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction of the frame member and in contact with the tile at a number of points, lines, or surfaces over a slight interval in the width direction between the frame members. It is said that the structure is as follows.

Therefore, vertically oriented tiles are supported by fixing the front edge of the lower end to one side of the lower end support part and leaning the upper part of the back against the upper support part with respect to the vertical tile holder. It is possible to hold two sheets in total, one on each side of one upper end support. That is, a large number of roof tiles can be propped up and held in as small a pitch as possible. Therefore, the amount of roof tiles charged into the furnace can be increased, and productivity can be improved.

The tiles held against this vertical tile holder are
Since only the substantially central portion of the front edge of the lower end is substantially supported by the lower end support portion as a protrusion, there is no possibility that the curvature of the valley will be distorted during the firing process, resulting in a defective product. Therefore, it contributes to the production of tiles with good quality, precision, and yield.

Furthermore, the lower end support part of the tile is formed as a protrusion shaped to contact the tile over a slight interval in the width direction between the frame members. Since the tile contacts and supports the lower end front edge of the tile at a large number of points, lines, or planes over an interval that does not cause damage, the supporting force of the lower end front edge of the tile is dispersed. Therefore, the supporting points of the tile are unlikely to be damaged, and there is no risk of bending or cracking around the supporting points.

Next, this invention will be explained using examples.

(First embodiment) In Figs. 3 to 5, 1 and 1 are two parallel frame members made of heat-resistant round steel bars of about 12 mm, 2...
is a horizontal crosspiece made of a heat-resistant round steel bar of about 9 mm, which extends parallel to the frame members 1, 1 at a required interval, and is fixed by welding at each intersection with the frame members 1, 1. The distance between frame members 1 and 1 is usually 200mm.
That's about it. 3 in the figure is an upper support portion provided at an intermediate position between the adjacent horizontal bars 2, 2. This is made by bending a heat-resistant flat steel plate into a substantially trapezoidal shape, and its lower ends are fixed to frame members 1, 1 by welding. The height of this upper support part 3 is usually about 130 to 140 mm. In the figure, numerals 3a, 3b, and 3c are concavo-convex portions press-formed on the upper surface, both shoulders, and legs of the upper support portion 3 in order to increase its strength.

6 in the figure shows two plates 6a, 6a made of heat-resistant steel plate formed into an elongated rectangle with a thickness of about 10 mm, a length c of about 70 mm, and a width of about 20 mm, in the center of the horizontal bar 2. This is the lower end support part of the tile that is fixed by welding. The two plates 6a, 6a are arranged vertically upward on the horizontal beam 2, and each is arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame member 1 with a distance e (Fig. 5) between the two of about 30 mm. , whose central part is fixed to the horizontal beam 2 by welding.

That is, the lower end support portion 6 is configured as a protrusion that is located approximately in the center between the frame members 1, 1, and that contacts and supports the lower end front edge of the tile 5 at two points across the interval e. ing. Therefore, the supporting force of the tile 5 is divided into two, and the pressure contact force at each supporting point is quite small, so that almost no trace remains of the supporting point on the tile 5. The bending moment is relaxed and bending is less likely to occur.

Note that the distance d (Fig. 5) from the end of the plate 6a constituting the lower end support part 6 to the front edge of the upper support part 3 in plan view is determined when the tile 5 is oriented vertically and in an almost vertical position. Generally, it is about 20 mm, so that it is suitable for holding it upright. In addition, the length c of the plate 6a is determined by the length of the two tiles 5, 5 (for example, the second and third tiles from the left in FIG. ) is set to the minimum necessary length so that the tiles 5 never come into contact with each other, and is configured to be able to efficiently hold a large number of roof tiles 5 in as small a pitch as possible.

However, the horizontal bars 2' at both longitudinal ends of the frame member 1
Insert approximately 10 heat-resistant round steel rods approximately in the center of the
Two pins 6b cut into short pieces of about 20mm,
A lower end support portion 6' is formed by standing the plate 6b upright at a spacing e' similar to that of the plates 6a and 6a and fixed by welding. Of course, the distance d' from this lower end support part 6' to the front edge of the upper support part 3 in plan view (Fig. 5)
is the appropriate size (generally about 20 mm) to hold the tile 5 vertically as in the case of the plate 6a.
It is said that

Therefore, this vertical tile holder is placed on a drying and firing trolley, and the white tile 5 is oriented vertically as shown in FIG. The front edge of the lower end is fixed and supported on the front side of the lower end support part 6 or 6', and the upper part of the back is supported by leaning against the front edge of the upper support part 3.
However, in the case of the sleeve tile 5 shown in the figure, the sleeve sag 5a is
They are arranged in alternating rows and held upright so that they do not touch each other. In this way, a large number of roof tiles, one on each side of one lower end support and one upper support, can be efficiently propped up and held in as small a pitch as possible.

There is no possibility that the curvature of the valleys of the held tiles 5 will be distorted during the firing process and the tiles 5 will become defective. This is because, even if the tile 5 shrinks during the firing process or the curvature of its valley changes due to residual stress, the lower end of the tile 5 will not touch the lower end support portion 6 or 6'. The tile 5 is not restrained other than by the force of the parts that are in contact with the frame members 1 and 1.
This is because the entire body contracts almost uniformly from the butt (lower end) to the head (upper end), or the curvature of the valley changes uniformly.

Moreover, since the lower end support part 6 or 6' supports the tile 5 at two points spanning a slight interval e and e', the tile 5
The supporting force is divided into two parts at each support point, making it difficult to leave traces of support. Furthermore, since the tile 5 is supported over the two points, the bending action around the support point is significantly alleviated, and there is almost no risk of the tile being bent or cracked.

(Second Embodiment) In FIG. 6, horizontal bars 2 are fixed between two frame members 1, 1, extending parallel to each other at a required interval. A set of two horizontal bars 2,
Insert a heat-resistant round rod of about 9 mm in length about 70 mm in the center between the two.
The lower end support portion 6 is formed by welding a bending member 6c molded into a mm shape. Bending member 6
C is a set of two, and there is approximately a widthwise distance between frame members 1 and 1.
They are arranged in parallel at intervals of 30 mm and fixed to the horizontal bars 2, 2 by welding so as to stand upright. However, the lower end support portions 6' at both longitudinal ends of the frame member 1 are formed of bent members 6d formed in a semicircular shape with a radius of about 30 mm.

(Third Embodiment) The holder shown in FIG. 7 has a
Again, a set of two horizontal bars 2... are stretched parallel to each other at the required intervals and fixed, and a heat-resistant round steel bar with a diameter of about 9 is cut into a piece of about 20 mm in the center of each horizontal bar 2... The lower end support portions 6, 6' are formed by welding two pins 6b, 6b each. Pin 6b, 6
b is fixed upward in an upright manner with an interval of about 30 mm in the width direction between the frame members 1, 1.

(Fourth Embodiment) The holder shown in FIG. 8 has a horizontal crosspiece 2 stretched between two frame members 1 and fixed by welding, and a member 8 is attached to the center of each horizontal crosspiece 2. It is fixed to form a lower end support portion. This member 8 has an oblong cylindrical planar shape with a width e of about 30 mm, a length c of about 70 mm, and a height of about 30 mm, and is made of a heat-resistant flat steel plate. It is fixed in an upright position facing upwards.

The upper support portion 7 is constructed as a welded structure in which heat-resistant round steel bars are assembled into a substantially trapezoidal bridge shape.

(Fifth Embodiment) In FIG. 9, reference numerals 9 indicate horizontal bars that are fixed across between the two frame members 1, 1. This has a width of 20
It is made of a heat-resistant flat steel plate of approximately 1.0 mm in diameter, and its surface is erected vertically (in other words, it is oriented vertically), and the frame members 1, 1 are stretched parallel to each other at a required interval and fixed by welding.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a lower end support member, which is fixed to both sides of the central portion of each horizontal beam 5 by welding. The lower end support member 11 has a U-shape in plan view, and has two parallel leg pieces with a width e distance between the frame members 1, 1 of about 30 mm. The length of the leg piece in the longitudinal direction of the frame member 1 is about 30 mm. A total of two lower end support members 11 are fixed by welding, one on each side of one horizontal beam 9, back to back in a symmetrical arrangement, and together constitute a lower end support portion.

Note that the upper support portion 10 is connected to the left and right frame members 1, 1.
Support legs 10a, 1 fixed symmetrically upright above
It is constructed as a welded structure of heat-resistant round steel rods with two tie bars 10b running in parallel between the tops of 0a and fixed.

(Sixth Embodiment) The holder shown in FIG. 10 has a planar shape in the center of each horizontal bar 2, with a widthwise interval e between the frame members 1, 1 of about 30 mm, and a length c of about 70 mm. A lower end support portion is formed by fixing a lower end support member 17 in the shape of a circular block by welding.

Note that the upper support portion 18 is connected to the left and right frame members 1, 1.
Support legs 18a, 1 symmetrically fixed upright on the top
It is constructed as a welded structure of heat-resistant round steel rods, which are fixed by passing a tie bar 18b between the tops of the rods 8a and further reinforced with tie bars 18c, 18c.

(Seventh Embodiment) FIG. 11 shows a vertical tile holder entirely integrally cast from heat-resistant cast steel.

That is, horizontal bars 13, 13 are formed parallel to each other at a required interval between the left and right parallel frame members 12, 12, and a space e in the direction perpendicular to the frame member 12 is formed in the center of each horizontal bar 13. A lower end support member 14 is formed in the shape of an elongated rectangular parallelepiped block with a length c of approximately 30 mm and a length c of approximately 70 mm.

The upper support part 15 is formed as a rectangular plate-shaped member that stands upright symmetrically on the left and right frame members 12, 12 at an intermediate position between the horizontal bars 13, 13. Connecting bars 16 are formed between the frame members 12, 12 at positions between the opposing upper support parts 15, 15.

(Seventh Example) The holder in Fig. 12 is also a cast product, but
At the center of each horizontal bar 13, a planar shape is provided as a frame member 10,
The width direction interval e between 10 is approximately 30mm, and the length c is approximately 70mm.
The lower end support portion 19 is integrally formed in the shape of a block with semicircular recesses on both end surfaces.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional vertical tile holder, Fig. 2 is a perspective view for explaining the deformed state of the tile, and Fig. 3 is a vertical tile holder which is the first embodiment of this invention. Figures 4 and 5 are a perspective view showing the previous vertical tile holder in use, and Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the tool.
Figures 1 to 12 are perspective views showing the main parts of vertical tile holders that are different embodiments of this invention. 5...Tile, 2,9,13...Horizontal beam, 6,6'...
...Lower end support part, 6a...Plate, 6c, 6d...
...Bending member, 6b...Pin, 8, 11, 17, 1
4, 19... lower end support member, 3, 7, 15, 18
... Upper support part, 1, 12 ... Frame member.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A lower end support part 6 that supports the lower end front edge of the tile 5;
In a vertical tile holder, which has an upper support part 3 that supports the upper back side of the tile 5, and holds the tile 5 upright in a vertical position, the lower end support part 6 of the tile is substantially parallel. The upper support part 3 is located at a position approximately in the center between the frame members 1, 1 arranged in the same direction, and is located at a predetermined distance from the upper support part 3 in the longitudinal direction of the frame member 1, and in the width direction between the frame members 1, 1. A vertical tile holder characterized in that it is formed as a protrusion shaped to come into contact with the tile 5 over a certain distance. (2) Utility Model Registration The lower end support part 6 of the tile described in claim 1 is a vertical tile holder provided on the horizontal crosspiece 2 spanning between the frame members 1, 1.