JPH0143258B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention measures the particle size distribution of blood cells in blood cells,
The present invention relates to a blood analyzer that prints out a particle size distribution curve only when the particle size distribution deviates from the normal value range, thereby clearly identifying various symptoms of anemia and making it useful for discovering blood diseases. [Conventional technology] Conventionally, in screening tests for blood diseases, etc., the number of red blood cells (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), hemoglobin level (HGB), and hematocrit value (HCT) in the blood are determined, and then, among the above parameters, Information about red blood cells RBC, HGB, HCT
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV=HCT/RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin content (MCH=HGB/
RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC=
HGB/HCT) and, for example, MCV
is 90μm ^or more, MCH is 32pg or more, MCHC is 32~
36% of cases are classified as macrocytic hyperchromic anemia;
Currently, more precise tests and measurements are performed to determine the name of the disease, such as aplastic anemia or childhood megaloblastic anemia. [Problem to be solved by the invention] In other words, the information on red blood cells such as MCV, MCH, MCHC, etc. mentioned above is an average value captured in the gross of all red blood cells, and it is not the ratio of so-called normal blood cells to abnormal blood cells, or the variance thereof. The distribution status was unknown and the amount of information was insufficient. In addition, in recent years, with the development of microcomputer technology, vast storage devices have been integrated, making it possible to store and calculate information in a small and compact manner, making it possible to easily determine the particle size distribution of particles such as red blood cells. Summer. However, at this stage,
It is nothing more than a measuring device that simply determines the particle size distribution, and the comparison of patterns and comprehensive judgment with other parameters are directly made by clinical laboratory technicians or doctors.Especially in screening tests, etc. Currently, particle size distribution measurements are not performed because there are too many. The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points and to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides a blood cell analyzer that classifies and stores the magnitude of blood cell signals in a memory and prints out a particle size distribution curve.
By configuring the system to print out patterns when the statistical calculation results after determining blood cell parameters such as MCH, MCHC, and RBC and particle size distribution curves deviate from the normal value range, it is possible to The purpose of the present invention is to provide a blood analysis device that clearly captures changes that occur in blood cells depending on a disease state, and not only displays abnormalities but also selects, memorizes, and prints out abnormalities. It is. [Means for Solving the Problems] The blood fractionation apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A blood cell parameter measurement device 1 that detects blood cells based on electrical differences and measures blood cell parameters, a comparison circuit 2 that has a plurality of continuous threshold values for blood cell signals from this blood cell parameter measurement device, and this comparison A signal generation circuit 3 that generates a signal representing the size of blood cells based on the output signal of the circuit, an arithmetic and control circuit 4 connected to this signal generation circuit, and a calculation and control order connected to this arithmetic and control circuit. The read/write memory 12 includes a read-only memory 5 , a read/write memory 12 connected to the arithmetic/control circuit, an input device 9 , a display device 10 , and a recording device 11 .
consists of a first memory 6, a second memory 7, and a third memory 8, the first memory 6 stores the cumulative particle size distribution or the number distribution of the normal particle size distribution, and the second memory 7 stores the particle size distribution expressed as a percentage. The third memory 8 stores the measurement results of the blood cell parameter measuring device, calculation parameters based on the measurement results, various statistical calculation results obtained from the particle size distribution curve expressed as a percentage in the second memory, and the input device. The device is characterized in that it stores the normal value range set from , and prints out the particle size distribution curve when the statistical calculation result deviates from the normal value range. [Function] When the blood cell signal from the blood cell parameter measuring device 1 is sent to the comparator circuit 2, the peak value of the signal or the comparators up to the peak value are turned on, and the next circuit receives parallel input from output terminals equal to the number of comparators. do. In the signal generation circuit 3, appropriate frequency dividing circuits are connected in parallel as many as the number of terminals to match the calculation speed, or
Alternatively, by prohibiting input of the next blood cell signal while calculating one pulse, it is used as a comparison signal of the average blood cell pulse interval, and each terminal is scanned to calculate the peak value of blood cells or the ON value up to the peak value. The arithmetic/control circuit 4 sequentially stores the circuits in the first memory 6 in accordance with the program order of the read-only memory 5. At this time, what is stored for the peak value of blood cells is a normal particle size distribution curve, and what is stored for each blood cell by all the lines that are turned on up to the peak value is a cumulative particle size distribution curve. Each address of the first memory 6 corresponds to a blood cell size, that is, a threshold value, and each address stores the number of blood cells. When the measurement of the volume of the predetermined blood cell suspension or the predetermined time is completed, each address of the first memory 6 is sequentially called out according to the calculation order of the read-only memory 5,
Read out (1) the total number of blood cells, (2) the difference in blood cell counts between adjacent addresses when stored in the form of cumulative particle size distribution, and the number of blood cells at that address when the particle size distribution is normal. The operation of dividing by the total number of blood cells and (3) storing the calculation results in each corresponding address of the second memory 7 is performed, and a particle size distribution curve expressed as a percentage is obtained. Further, based on the particle size distribution curve expressed as a percentage in the second memory 7, statistical calculations are performed on the peak position (peak variance PV), blood cell distribution width (distribution width DW), etc. On the other hand, the input device 9 allows selection of (1) manual operation that prints out particle size distribution curves for all measurements or automatic operation that automatically prints out particle size distribution curves only in the case of cumulative shapes, and (2) blood cell parameters. Input the normal setting range of the calculated value, including
(3) Setting (selection) of items for abnormality detection is performed. Read-only memory 5 except when it is particularly necessary
Automatic operation is performed based on the normal value range, items, etc. stored in the . All parameters and calculation results found in manual operation that are within the normal value range are automatically ignored in automatic operation. However, an abnormal specimen is automatically printed out in the automatic operation if any of the above parameters is abnormal. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a systematic explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the blood fractionation apparatus of the present invention. The blood analyzer of the present invention allows blood cells suspended in a liquid to pass through the fine pores of a detector, detects the blood cells based on the electrical difference between the blood cells and the blood cell suspension, and detects blood cell parameters (for example, in the case of red blood cells). is a blood cell parameter measuring device 1 that measures red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit value (HCT), hemoglobin amount (HGB)), and a plurality of consecutive blood cell signals, for example, 50 blood cell signals from this blood cell parameter measuring device 1. Alternatively, a comparison circuit 2 having 100 threshold values, a signal generation circuit 3 that generates a signal representing the size of blood cells based on the output signal of this comparison circuit 2, and an arithmetic/control circuit 4 connected to this signal generation circuit 3. , a read-only memory 5 connected to the calculation/control circuit 4 and storing calculations and control sequences, read/write memories 6, 7, 8 connected to the calculation/control circuit 4, an input device 9, and a display. device 10
and a recording device 11. The read/write memory consists of a first memory 6, a second memory 7, and a third memory 8, the first memory 6 stores the cumulative particle size distribution or the number distribution of the normal particle size distribution, and the second memory 7 stores the number distribution of the cumulative particle size distribution or the normal particle size distribution. The third memory 8 stores the measurement results of the blood cell parameter measuring device 1 and calculation parameters based on the measurement results (for example, in the case of red blood cells, MCV, MCH,
MCHC), various statistical calculation results obtained from the particle size distribution curve expressed as a percentage in the second memory 7, the range of normal values set from the input device 9, etc. are stored. Note that the read/write memories 6, 7, and 8 are shown separately provided for ease of understanding;
As the read/write memory 12, the first memory 6, second memory 7, and third memory 8 may be configured to be divided into respective areas. In the blood cell spectrometer configured as described above, when the blood cell signal from the blood cell parameter measuring device 1 is sent to the comparison circuit 2, the peak value of the signal or the comparator up to the peak value is turned on, and the next circuit is Input in parallel using the same number of output terminals as the number of comparators. In the signal generation circuit 3, the average blood cell signal can be calculated by connecting an appropriate frequency dividing circuit in parallel with the number of terminals to match the calculation speed, or by prohibiting the input of the next blood cell signal while calculating one pulse. The signal is used as a pulse interval comparison signal, and each terminal is scanned and the peak value of blood cells or the line that is turned on at the peak value is first read by the calculation/control circuit 4 in accordance with the program order of the read-only memory 5. The data are sequentially stored in the memory 6. At this time, what is stored for the peak value of blood cells is a normal particle size distribution curve, and what is stored for each blood cell by all the lines that are turned on up to the peak value is a cumulative particle size distribution curve. Each address of the first memory 6 corresponds to a blood cell size, that is, a threshold value, and each address stores the number of blood cells. When the measurement of the volume of the predetermined blood cell suspension or the predetermined time is completed, each address in the first memory 6 is sequentially called out according to the calculation order of the read-only memory 5, and (1) the total number of blood cells, ( 2) When stored in the form of cumulative particle size distribution, calculate the difference in the number of blood cells between adjacent addresses; when the particle size distribution is normal, calculate the number of blood cells at that address divided by the total number of blood cells in (1). (3) Storing the calculation results in the corresponding addresses of the second memory 7 is performed, and a particle size distribution curve expressed as a percentage is obtained. Additionally the second memory 7%
Based on the displayed particle size distribution curve, statistical calculations such as the peak position (peak value PV) and blood cell distribution width (distribution width DW) are performed. On the other hand, the input device 9 allows selection of (1) manual operation that prints out particle size distribution curves for all measurements or automatic operation that automatically prints out only in the case of an abnormality, and (2) selection of blood cell parameters. Input the normal setting range of the calculated value, including
(3) Setting (selection) of items for abnormality detection is performed. Read-only memory 5 except when it is particularly necessary
Automatic operation is performed based on the normal value range, items, etc. stored in . That is, the above inputs 2 and 3 can be corrected from the input device 9 if the normal value ranges and items previously stored in the read-only memory 5 are inconvenient. (2 and 3 corrections). The range of normal values stored in advance is, for example, as follows. RBC: 380-530 MCV: 78.1-111.9 MCH: 28.0-36.6 MCHC: 28.6-41.1 PV: 26-30 DW: 37-45: PV and DW are the statistical calculation results obtained from the particle size distribution curve. As shown in Figure 2, obtained by manual operation,
Those whose parameters and calculation results are within normal values are automatically ignored in automatic operation. However, as shown in Figure 3, the MCV
Abnormal specimens such as 145.2, PV of 36, and DW of 54.0 (all of which are significantly outside the above normal value range) will be automatically printed in the automatic operation if any of the above parameters are abnormal. be outed. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 4, an abnormal specimen exhibiting bimodality has a DW of 59 and is automatically printed out even if only the DW parameters are viewed. In addition to the above measurement examples, for example, MCV, MCH
Even if the parameters of blood cells, such as, are in the normal range, deviations from the so-called normal particle size distribution curve, such as when only the DW is abnormal, can be clearly picked up from the statistical calculation results. Examples of parameters for distribution curves based on statistical calculations include those shown in the table below.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the blood analyzer of the present invention determines the deviation of the particle size distribution curve from the normal value range from the statistical calculation results without depending on the pattern. By simply adding a function and a range judgment function, it is possible to print out only clearly and unusual items. Therefore, even when performing a large number of tests such as health diagnosis, it is possible to easily detect abnormalities in particle size distribution (as described above, even if red blood cell parameters are normal, there is an abnormality in particle size).
In addition, it has the effect of allowing general hospitals to easily screen for abnormalities in particle size distribution, discovering clinical symptoms that have been overlooked in the past, and monitoring the progress of treatment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a systematic explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the blood analyzer of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 4 are graphs showing measurement examples. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Blood cell parameter measuring device, 2... Comparison circuit, 3... Signal generation circuit, 4... Arithmetic/control circuit, 5... Read-only memory, 6... First memory,
7... Second memory, 8... Third memory, 9... Input device, 10... Display device, 11... Recording device,
12...Read/write memory.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A blood cell parameter measurement device that detects blood cells and measures blood cell parameters by passing blood cells suspended in a liquid through micropores based on the electrical difference between the blood cells and a blood cell suspension; A comparison circuit that has a plurality of continuous threshold values for blood cell signals, a signal generation circuit that generates a signal representing the size of blood cells based on the output signal of this comparison circuit, and arithmetic/control connected to this signal generation circuit. A circuit, a read-only memory connected to this arithmetic/control circuit and storing the arithmetic and control sequences, and a
The read/write memory includes a read/write memory, an input device, a display device, and a recording device connected to a control circuit, and the read/write memory includes a first memory, a second memory, and a third memory, and the first memory has an accumulated memory. A particle size distribution or a number distribution of a normal particle size distribution is stored, a second memory stores a particle size distribution expressed in %, a third memory stores measurement results of the blood cell parameter measuring device, calculation parameters based on the measurement results, Various statistical calculation results obtained from the particle size distribution curve expressed in percentage in the second memory, the normal value range set from the input device, etc. are stored, and when the statistical calculation result deviates from the normal value range, A blood analyzer characterized in that it prints out a particle size distribution curve.