JPH0143528B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0143528B2
JPH0143528B2 JP56181024A JP18102481A JPH0143528B2 JP H0143528 B2 JPH0143528 B2 JP H0143528B2 JP 56181024 A JP56181024 A JP 56181024A JP 18102481 A JP18102481 A JP 18102481A JP H0143528 B2 JPH0143528 B2 JP H0143528B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
mushrooms
millet
rice bran
present
culture medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP56181024A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5886017A (en
Inventor
Masako Aoki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nisshin Seifun Group Inc
Original Assignee
Nisshin Seifun Group Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nisshin Seifun Group Inc filed Critical Nisshin Seifun Group Inc
Priority to JP56181024A priority Critical patent/JPS5886017A/en
Publication of JPS5886017A publication Critical patent/JPS5886017A/en
Publication of JPH0143528B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0143528B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

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  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明はきのこの人工栽培において使用するた
めの培養基に関する。更に詳細には本発明はライ
麦、からす麦、粟、稗およびきびの少なくとも1
種からなる穀類の粉末を必須構成分としてなるき
のこの栽培用培養基に関する。 従来、食用きのこの栽培は原木を利用したほだ
木栽培がほとんどで気候条件により収穫が左右さ
れることが多かつた。しかるに近年エノキダケ、
ヒラタケ、ナメコ等において鋸屑(おがくず)、
モミガラ等に乾物重量比でその1部に対して米糠
を0.1〜1部の割合で混合した培養基を用いて箱
または壜中で栽培を行なう菌床人工栽培法が確立
され、年間を通して四季に影響されることなく安
定して食用きのこの収穫をすることができるよう
になつた。そして今や従来農家での家内労働的性
格であつたきのこ栽培が大量連続栽培による工業
生産形態に移行しつつある。この工業生産規模で
のきのこの人工栽培は培養基の混合素材として米
糠の使用を必須としている。 しかしながら米の消費量の減少あるいは農業政
策による減反等もあつて米の生産量は年々低下
し、その結果として当然米糠の供給も減少しその
入手が困難となりつつある。また米糠はできるだ
け新鮮なものを使用せねばならぬことも米糠の利
用によるきのこの人工栽培法における難点となつ
ている。ことために従来技術における培養基の混
合素材としての米糠の代替物についての需要があ
るが満足し得るものはいまだに見出されていな
い。例えば特公昭54−7697号公報においてコーン
ブランが提案されているが、これの利用可能性は
ヒラタケの人工栽培に局限されており、最大の生
産量を有するエノキダケの培養には全く無力であ
る。ちなみに現在のヒラタケの年間生産量は
15000トン、そしてエノキダケの年間生産量は
50000トンであり、米糠の使用量もそれとほぼ同
量である。 本発明者は種々研究の結果従来法における培養
基の素材としてライ麦、からす麦、粟、稗および
きびの少なくとも1種からなる穀類の粉末が極め
て効果的であることを見出した。 本発明によれば、ライ麦、からす麦、粟、稗お
よびきびの少なくとも1種からなる穀類の粉末を
使用することによつて米糠の使用を必要とするこ
となしにヒラタケ、ナメコ、マイタケおよびシメ
ジは勿論、従来米糠以外の培地材料では栽培不可
能と考えられていたエノキダケの菌床人工栽培が
可能である。 しかも更に予想外なことには米糠に代えてライ
麦、からす麦、粟、稗およびきびの少なくとも1
種からなる穀類の粉末を培養材料として使用する
ことにより子実体の収量増加、栽培期間の短縮お
よび品質の改良を実現し得ることが見出された。 本発明では、ライ麦、からす麦、粟、稗および
きびの少なくとも1種からなる穀類を各種の粉砕
機で粉砕したものをそのまま培地として使用する
ことが出来るが、その粉砕物を分画して蛋白、脂
肪等を所望する含有量に調整したものも同様に使
用できる。 本発明のきのこの人工栽培用培養基はライ麦、
からす麦、粟、稗およびきびの少なくとも1種か
らなる穀類の粉末単独でもよいし、あるいはまた
従来使用されている鋸屑または(および)モミガ
ラと米糠からなる培養基において米糠の代りにラ
イ麦、からす麦、粟、稗およびきびの少なくとも
1種からなる穀類の粉末を置換したものでありう
る。従つて雑穀類粉末は乾物換算比で鋸屑または
(および)モミガラの1部当り0.1〜1部の量で使
用されうる。当業者には明らかなようにこの場合
に米糠または(および)穀類の皺を培養基の一部
として加えることは妨げない。現実の人工栽培に
当つてはこのような培養基の水分含量を50〜70%
に調整した後、当業者には既知の適当な温度およ
び湿度条件において種付けおよび成育を実施す
る。本発明に使用するモミガラは加圧粉砕したい
わゆる膨軟化モミガラが好適である。 以下に本発明の実施例を掲げるが、本発明はこ
れら実施例に限定されるものではない。 実施例 1 鋸屑270gにからす麦の全粒粉90gおよび水150
mlを添加混合し、水分を66%に調整した培養基を
容量800c.c.のプラスチツク製の壜に充填し、120℃
で30分間高圧殺菌する。冷却後、これに本シメジ
の菌を接種し、室温25℃および湿度70〜80%の培
養室で菌糸の培養を行ない、更に同条件下で熟成
を行なう。接種後90日で菌かきを行ない、室温15
℃および湿度90〜95%の栽培室で栽培する。 対照例として鋸屑270gに米糠90gおよび水150
mlを添加混合し、水分を66%に調整した培養基を
使用して前記と同様に本シメジの培養をした。 また、別の対照例として、実施例1におけるか
らす麦の全粒粉をもろこし粉(粗蛋白8.0%、粗
脂肪2.2%、粗灰分1.0%)に置き換えた外は実施
例1と同様にして本シメジを培養した。 前記実施例および対照例における本シメジの栽
培結果を下表に示す。なお、実施例1により収穫
された茸は傘の色が濃く、茎も太い良質の本シメ
ジであつた。
The present invention relates to a culture medium for use in the artificial cultivation of mushrooms. More particularly, the present invention provides at least one of rye, oat, millet, millet and millet.
The present invention relates to a culture medium for cultivating mushrooms, which contains grain powder consisting of seeds as an essential component. Traditionally, most edible mushrooms have been cultivated using wood logs, and the harvest has often been affected by climate conditions. However, in recent years, enoki mushrooms,
Sawdust in oyster mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, etc.
An artificial bed cultivation method has been established in which cultivation is carried out in boxes or bottles using a culture medium of rice husk mixed with rice bran at a ratio of 0.1 to 1 part dry weight to 1 part dry weight. It is now possible to reliably harvest edible mushrooms without any damage. Nowadays, mushroom cultivation, which was traditionally done as domestic labor on farms, is transitioning to an industrial production format that involves continuous mass cultivation. This artificial cultivation of mushrooms on an industrial production scale requires the use of rice bran as a mixed material for the culture medium. However, due to a decrease in rice consumption or a reduction in acreage due to agricultural policy, rice production is decreasing year by year, and as a result, the supply of rice bran is naturally decreasing, making it difficult to obtain it. Furthermore, the fact that rice bran must be as fresh as possible is a drawback in the artificial cultivation of mushrooms using rice bran. In particular, there is a need for a substitute for rice bran as a mixed material for culture media in the prior art, but a satisfactory substitute has not yet been found. For example, corn bran has been proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-7697, but its applicability is limited to the artificial cultivation of oyster mushrooms, and is completely useless for cultivating enoki mushrooms, which have the largest production volume. By the way, the current annual production of oyster mushrooms is
15,000 tons, and the annual production of enoki mushrooms is
50,000 tons, and the amount of rice bran used is almost the same. As a result of various studies, the present inventors have found that grain powder consisting of at least one of rye, oat, millet, millet, and millet is extremely effective as a material for the culture medium in conventional methods. According to the present invention, oyster mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, maitake mushrooms, and shimeko mushrooms can be grown without the need for the use of rice bran by using a grain powder consisting of at least one of rye, crow barley, millet, millet, and millet. Of course, it is now possible to artificially cultivate enoki mushrooms in a fungal bed, which was previously thought to be impossible to cultivate using medium materials other than rice bran. What is even more unexpected is that instead of rice bran, at least one of rye, oat, millet, millet and millet is used.
It has been found that by using grain powder consisting of seeds as a culture material, it is possible to increase the yield of fruiting bodies, shorten the cultivation period, and improve quality. In the present invention, grains consisting of at least one of rye, barley, millet, millet, and millet can be crushed using various types of crushers and used as they are, but the crushed product can be fractionated. Those containing protein, fat, etc. adjusted to the desired content can also be used in the same manner. The culture medium for artificial cultivation of mushrooms of the present invention is rye,
Grain powder consisting of at least one of rye, millet, millet and millet may be used alone, or rye or rye may be used instead of rice bran in the conventionally used culture medium consisting of sawdust or/and rice hull and rice bran. It may be a substitute for grain powder consisting of at least one of wheat, millet, millet, and millet. Therefore, the millet powder can be used in an amount of 0.1 to 1 part per part of sawdust or/and rice hull on a dry matter basis. As will be clear to those skilled in the art, there is no preclude in this case the addition of rice bran or/and grain grain as part of the culture medium. In actual artificial cultivation, the moisture content of such culture medium should be kept at 50-70%.
After adjustment, seeding and growth are carried out under suitable temperature and humidity conditions known to those skilled in the art. The rice husks used in the present invention are preferably swollen and softened rice husks that have been pulverized under pressure. Examples of the present invention are listed below, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Example 1 270g of sawdust, 90g of whole wheat flour and 150g of water
ml of culture medium and adjusted the moisture to 66%, fill it into a plastic bottle with a capacity of 800 c.c., and incubate at 120℃.
Sterilize under high pressure for 30 minutes. After cooling, it is inoculated with Shimeji fungi, and the mycelia are cultured in a culture room at a room temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 70-80%, and further ripened under the same conditions. 90 days after inoculation, scrape the bacteria and keep at room temperature 15
Cultivate in a cultivation room at 90-95% humidity. As a control example, 270g of sawdust, 90g of rice bran and 150g of water
This shimeji mushroom was cultured in the same manner as described above using a culture medium in which the moisture content was adjusted to 66%. In addition, as another control example, this shimeji was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the whole wheat flour in Example 1 was replaced with sorghum flour (crude protein 8.0%, crude fat 2.2%, crude ash content 1.0%). was cultured. The cultivation results of Shimeji mushrooms in the above Examples and Control Examples are shown in the table below. The mushrooms harvested in Example 1 were high quality Shimeji mushrooms with dark caps and thick stems.

【表】 上記表に示された結果から、からす麦の全粒粉
を使用している本発明では、米糠またはもろこし
粉を使用する従来技術(対照例)に比べて本シメ
ジの収穫量が大幅に増加する(米糠を使用した場
合に比べて約3割、もろこし粉を使用した場合に
比べて約1割)ことがわかる。しかも本発明のか
かる実施例1で得られた本シメジは、茎の太さ、
きのこの高さおよび傘の直径の平均値のいずれも
が対照例で得られたものに比べて大きくなつてお
り、さらに傘の直径が5mm以上のきのこの本数も
多くなつていて傘の色も濃くなつており、このこ
とから本発明では対照例に比べて品質のより良好
な本シメジが得られることがわかる。 実施例 2 鋸屑270gにライ麦90gおよび水150mlを添加混
合した培養基を用いる以外は実施例1と同様にし
て本シメジの栽培を行つた。その結果を下表に示
す。下表に示されている結果から、ライ麦を使用
している本発明では米糠を使用している従来技術
(対照例)に比べて本シメジの合計栽培日数が少
なくて済み、それにも拘らず本シメジの収穫量が
大幅に増加(約2割)していることがわかる。し
かも本発明のかかる実施例2で得られた本シメジ
は、茎の太さ、きのこの高さおよび傘の直径の平
均値のいずれもが対照例で得られたものに比べて
大きくなつていて傘の色も濃く、このことから本
発明では対照例に比べて品質のより良好な本シメ
ジが得られることがわかる。
[Table] From the results shown in the table above, the yield of Shimeji mushrooms is significantly higher in the present invention, which uses whole wheat flour, than in the conventional technology (control example), which uses rice bran or sorghum flour. It can be seen that the amount increases (about 30% compared to when rice bran is used and about 10% compared to when sorghum flour is used). Moreover, the Shimeji mushroom obtained in Example 1 of the present invention has a stem thickness,
Both the average height of the mushrooms and the average cap diameter were larger than those obtained in the control example, and the number of mushrooms with cap diameters of 5 mm or more was also greater, and the color of the caps was also greater. This indicates that the present invention produces shimeji mushrooms of better quality than the control example. Example 2 Shimeji mushrooms were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a culture medium prepared by adding and mixing 90 g of rye and 150 ml of water to 270 g of sawdust was used. The results are shown in the table below. From the results shown in the table below, the total number of days for cultivating this shimeji mushroom is less in the present invention using rye than in the conventional technology (control example) using rice bran, and despite this, It can be seen that the yield of shimeji mushrooms has increased significantly (about 20%). Furthermore, the Shimeji mushrooms obtained in Example 2 of the present invention had larger average values of stem thickness, mushroom height, and cap diameter than those obtained in the control example. The color of the cap is also dark, which indicates that the present invention produces shimeji mushrooms of better quality than the control example.

【表】 のものの本数
[Table] Number of items

【表】 ・総合評価 優 良
[Table] - Overall evaluation Excellent

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 ライ麦、からす麦、粟、稗およびきびの少な
くとも1種からなる穀類の粉末を必須構成分とし
てなることを特徴とする、きのこの栽培用培養
基。
1. A culture medium for cultivating mushrooms, which comprises as an essential component a grain powder consisting of at least one of rye, barley, millet, millet, and millet.
JP56181024A 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 Culture medium for culturing mushroom Granted JPS5886017A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56181024A JPS5886017A (en) 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 Culture medium for culturing mushroom

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56181024A JPS5886017A (en) 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 Culture medium for culturing mushroom

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5886017A JPS5886017A (en) 1983-05-23
JPH0143528B2 true JPH0143528B2 (en) 1989-09-21

Family

ID=16093424

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP56181024A Granted JPS5886017A (en) 1981-11-13 1981-11-13 Culture medium for culturing mushroom

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5886017A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4753856A (en) * 1987-01-02 1988-06-28 Dow Corning Corporation Multilayer ceramic coatings from silicate esters and metal oxides
US7487784B2 (en) 2002-06-07 2009-02-10 L'oreal Applicator including a stem connected to a handle member via a hinge
US7172357B2 (en) 2002-06-07 2007-02-06 L'oreal Applicator comprising a sloping applicator element and a stem connected via a hinge to a handle member

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5148417A (en) * 1974-10-24 1976-04-26 Shigenobu Watari Kinokono saibaikakohoho
JPS52154747A (en) * 1976-06-10 1977-12-22 Jirou Kobayashi Culturing method of spawn of matsutake mushroom
US4127965A (en) * 1976-11-08 1978-12-05 The Kinoko Company Method for growing wood mushrooms

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5886017A (en) 1983-05-23

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